UNIVERSIDADE POLITÉCNICA - A POLITÉCNICA

Instituto Superior de Estudos Universitários de Nampula-ISEUNA

Curso: Engenharia Civil

Cadeira: Analise Matemática Ⅰ

Tema: Cálculos de Limites das Funções, Derivadas das Funções e Integrais

Discentes:
Bernardo Jorge
Eduardo Curare Amade Sadaca

Nampula aos 31/05/2023

 Bernardo Jorge
Eduardo Curare Amade Sadaca

Tema: Cálculos de Limites das Funções, Derivadas das Funções e Integrais

Trabalho de carácter avaliativo,

aperfeiçoado na capacidade de
criação de um trabalho de pesquisa
apresentado ao docente Luís Benda,
com objectivo avaliativo.

Orientador(a): Luís Benda

Nampula aos 31/05/2023

Índice
Resoluções de limites das funções..............................................................................................4
Resolução de derivadas das funções...........................................................................................6
Resolução de integrais..............................................................................................................10
1. Resoluções de limites das funções:

a) lim
√
3
x−1 √ 1−1 0
=
3
= ind .
x →1 √ x−1 √1−1 0

√3 x−1 =lim ( √ x−1)( √ x+ 1) =lim (√ x −1)(√ x +1)

3 3
lim
x →1 √ x−1 x →1 ( √ x−1 ) ( √ x +1) x →1 x−1

( √3 x−1)( √ x+ 1) ( √3 x−1)( √ x+1)

lim 3
=lim 2
x →1 √3 x −13 x →1 ( √ x −1)( √ x + √ x ×1+12)
3 3 3

( √3 x−1)( √ x +1)
√ x +1 = √ 1+1
lim =3
x →1 ( √ x−1)( √ x + √ x +1) √ x 2+ √3 x +1 √3 12 +√3 1+ 1
3 3 2 3

2
lim
x →1 3

b) lim √3 x+ h− √3 x = √3 x +0−√3 x = √3 x −√3 x = 0 ind .

h→ 0 h 0 0 0

3 3
√ x+ h− √ x = ( √ x +h ) −( √ x ) =
3 3 3 3
1
lim
h→ 0 h h 3 3
√ x +h+ √ x

lim 1
h →0 1
3 3
3
=
√ x +0+ √ x 2 √ x

c) lim [ √ x ( x +2 )−x ] =[ √ ∞ ( ∞+2 ) −∞ ]=∞ind .

x→ ∞

( √ x +2 x−x)( √ x +2 x + x )
2 2
lim [ √ x ( x +2 )−x ] =√ x +2 x−x= 2

( √ x +2 x+ x )
2
x→ ∞

4
 2 2
2 lim x + 2 x−x lim 2 x
lim
√ x 2 +2 x −x2 x → ∞
= =
x →∞

x→ ∞ ( √ x +2 x+ x ) ( √ x 2+2 x + x) ( √ x2 +2 x+ x)
2

lim 2 x lim 2 x lim 2 x

x →∞ x→ ∞ x →∞
= =

√ ( )
2
2 x 1+ + x
x
√x 2

√( 2
1+ + x
x ) √
2
x ( 1+ +1)
x

lim 2
x →∞ 2 2 2 2 2
= = = = = =1

√ 2
1+ +1
x √ 2
1+ + 1
∞
√ 1+0+1 √ 1+1 1+1 2

d) lim ( √ cx +ax −√ cx + bx ) =( √ c ∞ + a ∞− √c ∞ + b ∞ )=∞ ind .

2 2 2 2

x→ ∞

lim ( √cx 2 +ax −√ cx 2+ bx )

x→ ∞

lim ( √ cx 2 +ax−√ cx 2 +bx )( √ cx 2 +ax + √ cx 2+ bx )

x →∞

( √ cx 2 +ax + √ cx 2+ bx )

lim (√ cx 2 +ax 2− √cx 2 +bx 2 )

x →∞ cx 2 +ax−cx 2 +bx
=
( √ cx 2+ ax+ √ cx2 +bx ) ( √ cx 2 +ax + √ cx 2 +bx )

lim ax+bx
x→ ∞ x ( a+b )
=
( √ cx + ax + √ cx + bx )
(√ ( ) √ ( ))
2 2
2 a 2 b
x c+ + x c+
x x

lim x ( a+b )
x→ ∞ x ( a+b )
=
√ x2 (√ c + ax )+ √ x √(c + bx ) x √( c+ ax )+ x √(c + bx )
2

lim x ( a+b )
x→ ∞ a+ b
=
x ( √( ) √( )) √ x √ x
c+
a
x
+( c + )+ ( c + )
a
c+
bb
x

5
 lim a+ b
x →∞ a+b a+b a+b
= = =
(√ c + ∞a )+√( c+ ∞b )
√ c+ 0+ √ c+ 0 √ c+ √c 2 √ c

2. Resolução de derivadas das funções:

( x+1 )2
a) g' ' ( x ) =
1+ x2

' '
' ( x +1 )2 x 2 +2 x +1 ( x 2+2 x +1 ) ( 1+ x 2 )−( x 2 +2 x+1 ) ( 1+ x 2 )
g ( x )= 2
= 2
= 2
1+ x 1+ x ( 1+ x 2 )

' ( 2 x+ 2 ) ( 1+ x 2 )−( x 2 +2 x+1 ) ( 2 x ) 2 x+2 x 3+ 2+ 2 x 2−2 x 3−4 x2 −2 x

g ( x )= 2
= 2
( 1+ x 2 ) ( 1+ x 2 )

2 2 2 2
' 2+2 x −4 x 2−2 x −2 x +2
g ( x )= 2
= 2
= 2
( 1+ x 2 ) ( 1+ x2 ) ( 1+ x 2 )

' 2 2'
'' −2 x 2 +2 (−2 x2 +2 ) ( 1+ x 2) −(−2 x2 +2 ) ( 1+ x 2 )
g ( x )= =
[ ( 1+ x ) ]
2 2
( 1+ x 2 ) 2 2

−4 x ( 1+ x 2 ) −(−2 x 2+ 2 ) [ ( g 2 )( 1+ x 2 ) ]
2 '
''
g ( x )= 2
[ ( 1+ x ) ]
2 2

2
'' −4 x ( 1+ x 2 ) −(−2 x 2+ 2 ) [ 2 g ( 2 x ) ]
g ( x )=
[ ( 1+ x ) ]
2
2 2

−4 x ( 1+ x ) −(−2 x + 2 ) [ 2 ( 1+ x ) (2 x ) ]
2 2 2 2
''
g ( x )=
[ ( 1+ x ) ]
2
2 2

−4 x ( 1+ x 2 ) −(−2 x 2+ 2 ) [ 2 ( 1+ x 2 ) (2 x ) ]
2
''
g ( x )=
[ ( 1+ x ) ]
2
2 2

6
 '' ( 1+ x 2) [−4 x ( 1+ x2 ) −(−2 x2 +2 ) 2 ( 2 x ) ]
g ( x )= 2
[ ( 1+ x ) ]
22

'' ( 1+ x 2) [−4 x ( 1+ x2 ) −(−2 x2 +2 ) 2 ( 2 x ) ]

g ( x )= 4
( 1+ x 2 )

−4 x ( 1+ x )−(−2 x + 2 ) 4 x
2 2 3 3
'' −4 x−4 x + 8 x −8 x
g ( x )= 3
= 3
( 1+ x 2 ) ( 1+ x2 )

'' −12 x + 4 x 3 4 x3 −12 x

g ( x )= 3
= 3
( 1+ x 2) ( 1+ x 2 )

' x +1
b) y = 2
√ x −3

'
' x +1 ( x +1 )' ( √ x 2−3 ) −( x +1 ) ( √ x 2−3 )
y= =
√ x 2−3 ( √ x 2−3 )
2

'
'
( √ x 2−3 ) −( x+1 ) [ ( √ g ) ( x 2−3 ) ]
y= 2
( √ x 2−3 )

[( √ ) ]
'
1
( √ x −3 ) −( x+1 )
2
(2 x )
'
2 g
y= 2
(√ x2 −3 )

[( ]
'

y'=
( √ x −3 ) −( x+1 )
2 1
2 √ x 2−3
(2 x )
)
2
( √ x 2−3 )
1
( √ x 2−3 ) −( x+1 ) x
'
y=
√ x 2−3
2
x −3

7
 2
( √ x 2−3 ) −( x+1 ) x x +x
√ x 2−3−
'
y=
√ x −3
2
=
√ x 2−3
x 2−3 x 2−3

x −3−( x + x )
2 2 2 2
x −3−x −x −3−x

y'=
√ x −32
=
√ x −3 2
=
√ x 2−3
2 2 2
x −3 x −3 x −3

' −3+ x
y=
√ x −3 ( x 2−3 )
2

' t 2 −1
c) y =
t 2+1

' '
t −1 ( t −1 ) ( t +1 ) −( t −1 ) ( t +1 )
2 2 2 2 2
'
y= 2 = 2
t +1 ( t 2+1 )

' 2t ( t 2 +1 ) −( t 2−1 ) 2t 2 t 3+ 2t−2 t 3+2 t

y= 2
= 2
( t 2+ 1 ) ( t 2 +1 )

' 2 t+ 2t 4t
y= 2
= 2
( t 2+1 ) ( t 2+1 )

'' ( x +1 )1
d) f ( x ) = 2
1+ x

'
' ( x+1 )1 x +1 ( x+1 )' ( 1+ x 2) −( x+ 1 ) ( 1+ x 2 )
f ( x )= 2
= 2
= 2
1+ x 1+ x ( 1+ x 2 )

8
 ' ( 1+ x 2) −( x+ 1 ) 2 x 1+ x 2−2 x2 −2 x −x 2−2 x +1
f ( x )= 2
= 2
= 2
( 1+ x 2) ( 1+ x 2) ( 1+ x 2 )

2
'' −x −2 x +1
f ( x) = 2
( 1+ x 2)

( −x2 −2 x +1 ) ( 1+ x 2 ) −( −x2 −2 x +1 ) (( 1+ x 2 ) )
' 2 2 '
''
f ( x) = 2
[ ( 1+ x ) ]
2 2

(−2 x−2) ( 1+ x 2 ) −(−x 2−2 x+ 1 ) [ ( g2 ) ( 1+ x2 ) ]

2 '
''
f ( x) = 2
[ ( 1+ x ) ]
2 2

2 2
(−2 x−2) ( 1+ x ) −(−x −2 x+ 1 ) [ ( 2 g ) ( 2 x ) ]
2
''
f ( x) =
[ ( 1+ x ) ]
2
2 2

(−2 x−2) ( 1+ x 2 ) −(−x 2−2 x+ 1 ) [ 2 ( 1+ x 2 ) ( 2 x ) ]

2
''
f ( x) =
[ ( 1+ x ) ]
2
2 2

(−2 x−2) ( 1+ x ) −(−x −2 x+ 1 ) [ 2 ( 1+ x ) ( 2 x ) ]

2 2 2 2
''
f ( x) =
[ ( 1+ x ) ]
2
2 2

2 2
(−2 x−2) ( 1+ x ) −(−x −2 x+ 1 ) 2 ( 1+ x ) (2 x )
2 2
''
f ( x) =
[ ( 1+ x ) ]
2
2 2

'' ( 1+ x 2 ) [(−2 x−2)(1+ x 2)− (−x 2−2 x +1 ) 2 ( 2 x ) ]

f ( x) = 2
[ ( 1+ x ) ]2 2

'' ( 1+ x 2 ) [(−2 x−2)(1+ x 2)− (−x 2−2 x +1 ) 2 ( 2 x ) ]

f ( x) = 4
( 1+ x2 )

9
 (−2 x−2)(1+ x )−(−x −2 x+ 1 ) 4 x
2 2
''
f ( x) = 3
( 1+ x 2 )

'' −2 x−2 x 3−2−2 x 2+ 4 x 3 +8 x 2−4 x

f ( x) = 3
( 1+ x 2 )
3 2 3 2
'' −6 x +2 x −2+6 x 2 x −6 x −6 x−2
f ( x) = 3
= 3
( 1+ x 2 ) ( 1+ x 2 )

3. Resolução de integrais:

a) ∫ ( x + x1 + √2x ) dx
2
3

∫
(
2
x+
1 2
x
3
x2 )
2

x
1 1
+ 1 dx =∫ x + 3 + 2 1
x2 [ ( )]
( ) [( ) ]
2 +1 1 3
x −1 1 −1 x 1
+ +2 −1 x 2 = − 2 +2 ×2 √ x
2+ 1 ( 3−1 ) x 3−1
2 3 2x

x3 1 x3 1
− 2 + 4 √ x ⟹ − 2 +4 √ x +c , c ∈ R
3 2x 3 2x

b) ∫ ( a+bx 3 ) x2 dx
2
du=3 bx dx '
u=a+bx ⟹ du=( a+bx ) ⟹
3
3
3
x
v=∫ x
2
dv=x dx 2
v=
3

3 3
x x
uv−∫ v du⟹ ( a+bx 3 ) −∫ 3 bx 2 dx
3 3

10
 x3 1
∫ a× f ( x ) dx=a ×∫ f ( x ) dx ⟹ ( a+bx 3 ) − b ×3 ×∫ x 3 × x 2 dx
3 3

3 3 6
( a+ bx 3 ) x −b ×∫ x 5 dx ⟹ ( a+bx 3 ) x −b × x
3 3 6

ax 3+ bx 6 b x 6 2 ( ax +bx ) −b x 2 ax 3 +2 bx6 −b x 6
3 6 6
− = =
3 6 6 6

2 ax3 +b x 6 2 ax3 +b x 6
⟹ +c,c ∈ R
6 6

c) ∫ ( √ x +1 ) ( x−√ x +1 ) dx

∫ ( √ x +1 ) ( x−√ x +1 ) dx=∫ √ xx−x +√ x+ x −√ x +1 dx

3 5 5
1 3 +1
2 2 2
x x x 2
∫ √ xx +1 dx=¿∫ x 2
× x +1 dx=¿∫ x +1 dx=¿
2
3
= = × ¿¿¿
5 1 5
+1
2 2
5
2 x 2 2 √ x4 √ x 2 x2 √ x 2 x2 √ x
= = ⟹ +c,c∈ R
5 5 5 5

2
d) ∫ x −5
2
x+ 6
x +4
dx

2 2
∫ x −5
2
x+ 6
x +4
x 5x 6
dx=¿∫ 2 dx−∫ 2 dx+∫ 2 dx ¿
x +4 x +4 x +4

x 2+ 4−4
∫ x 2 +4 dx −∫ 25t d t +6 ∫ x21+ 4 dx

11
 2
∫ xx 2++ 44 − x 24+ 4 dx− 52 ∫ 1t d t+6 ∫ x 2+1 22 dx

x−2 ×arctan ( 2x )− 52 × ln (|t|)+6 12 ×arctan ( 2x )

x−2 arctan ( x2 )− 52 × ln ( x +4 )+3 arctan ( x2 )

2

x +arctan ( x2 )− 52 ×ln ( x +4 )
2

x +arctan ( x2 )− 52 ×ln ( x +4 )+c , c ∈ R

2

3−2 x
e) ∫ 5 x2 +7 dx

3−2 x 3 2x
∫ 5 x2 +7 dx=∫ 5 x2 +7 dx−∫ 5 x 2 +7 dx

1 1 1 1 1
3∫ dx−∫ d t =3∫ dx− ∫ dt
5t 5 t
( )
2
5 x +7 7
5 x2 +
5

1 1 1 3 1 1
3 × ×∫ dx− × ln (|t|) = ∫ dx− × ln (|5 x +7|)
2
5 2 7 5 5 2 7 5
x+ x +
5 5

(√ )
3 1 x 1
− × ln (|5 x + 7|)
2
× × arctan

√
5 7 7 5
5 5

12
3 √ 35 arctan ( √357 x ) − 1 × ln ( 5 x +7)
2
35 5

3 √ 35 arctan ( √357 x ) − 1 × ln ( 5 x +7)+ c , c ∈ R

2
35 5

13