Questions tagged [cognitive-neuroscience]
For questions regarding the study of the underlying neural substrates of cognition, especially those at the crossroads of psychology and neurobiology
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(Why) does setting boundaries between your professional and personal life reduce stress?
It is suggested in many articles, although without much evidence that putting boundaries between work-nonwork life is a good technique to reduce or manage stress.
Do we know why, if, such a technique ...
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What types of memory are impaired or enhanced in individuals with ADHD?
I'm looking for information on how memory is affected in individuals with ADHD. Specifically:
Do people with ADHD have impaired episodic memory?
Are there any types of memory that are enhanced in ...
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Do we know that some action is taken through altering some neurons directly to store that information or by feeling the action's consequences?
If I choose to take an action like lifting my hand but I cannot feel any of the action's consequences (I can't see that I lift my hand or feel the muscles participating in lifting my hand or feel the ...
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Is dynamics between place cell spike & local theta activity comparable to principal/interneuron spikes and fast field oscillations (ripple events)?
Place cell spikes (pyramidal & granule) are phase-locked with local theta activity. They peak at the trough of theta.
Neuronal spikes (principal and interneuron) also seem to be influenced by the ...
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Hebbian learning / STDP -- what happens if one of the neurons do not fire?
I have read from the textbook that if neuron A is connected to neuron B with synapse C, then:
if neuron A fires before neuron B fires, synapse C increases in strength roughly proportional to $f(t) = ...
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anorexiant αMSH
I came across The 2020–2030 Strategic Plan for NIH Nutrition Research, curious after a lecture in nutritional genomics.
I read a couple of papers:
Ilnytska, O., & Argyropoulos, G. (2008). The ...
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Research and theories related to the physical form of Cognitive Fallacies
Is there any research about what physically happens inside our brain anatomically and neurologically when we humans commit cognitive fallacies (especially those fallacies documented in the book of ...
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What is the role of mesolimbic dopamine in associative or reinforcement learning?
I was recently told about a Science paper that suggests the old model of association of cause with effect is incorrect. In this model, cue comes, reward occurs, cue comes again, prediction of reward ...
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What does the current literature say on the relationship of psychedelic drugs and neuroplasticity?
The majority of my understanding of the current literature comes from this paper found in Nature.
The purpose of the paper is to examine "specific questions about the effects of psychedelics on ...
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Having issue in functional connectivity of difference matrix between patient group and control group
I am following a paper to calculate functional connectivity of difference between MDD (major depressive disorder group) and Control group. I am getting more connectivity in MDD as compared to control ...
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How is the distinction between discrete and continuous materialized in the brain
It's generally admitted that some things are continuous (e.g. quantity of water, the length of a stick) whereas some other are not (how many oranges do I have in my bag?).
In mathematics, discrete ...
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How to get a psychology research assistant position?
I am a recent postgraduate student of social psychology and I have been trying to look for RA positions without much luck. My applications are getting rejected without any feedback and I am a little ...
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Can a psychiatrist himself need psychological help after working with a mentally ill patient and how can he protect himself from this? [duplicate]
A psychiatrist identifies mental disorders and pathologies, diagnoses, treats and prevents them. Process of implementing non-pharmacological psychological correction of the patient’s psycho-emotional ...
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MNI vs. study-specific template in ABIDE ASD datasets
I'm new to MRI analysis and don't think I can properly gauge the implications to subsequent spatial analysis of performing registration to the MNI152 template. The form of analysis I'm conducting ...
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Gene Expression Database for Psychological Disorders
Is there a comprehensive database available online of gene expression across the brain taken from individuals with psychological conditions? Resources like the Allen Institute's Human Brain Map (link ...
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Neuroimaging vs. Gene Expression for Neurological Disorders
As someone who has recently started learning about how we study the brain, the two most common forms of data I've encountered are neuroimaging data (fMRI scans, etc.) of the brain's distribution of ...
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Is there a complete overview and classification of all Probabilistic Neuronal Codes (PPC)?
I am trying to gather an explicit and complete overview of so-called Probabilistic Neuronal Codes (PPC). I have found various PPC models from literature, but have difficulties having them classified, ...
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Roles of Brain Regions (neocortex and hippocampus) in Explicit (declarative) LTM
My question is what is the role of the hippocampus, neocortex and amygdala in the encoding, storage and retrieval of declarative (explicit) memory, specifically episodic and semantic
I am sort of ...
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Is it possible to completely describe a real object in terms of brain activity?
I've read that the way perception works in the brain, stimuli from the external world is converted into signals that travel through the brain until they reach regions of the brain that can "...
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Does mindfulness involve negative feedback loops in the brain?
Mindfulness is defined as a type of meditation in which you focus on being intensely aware of what you're sensing and feeling in the moment, without interpretation or judgment. Is the neurological ...
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Network Architecture Diagram
I am trying to teach myself some computational neuroscience and am reading through the following textbook: https://www.oxcns.org/b6_text.html.
I'm finding this diagram confusing in particular c). My ...
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Is there such a thing as "emotional impedance"?
More specifically, what I would call emotional reactance. What this is would be the emotional equivalent of electrical reactance(which is the opposition to changes in voltage and current flow). So a ...
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Which unit should be used to compare perceived spatial frequency of 2 different sized image? Cycle per image or cycle per degree?
I am interested in the topic of spatial frequency and its impact on face processing. I have been reading about previous studies that have used different spatial filtering thresholds for their stimuli. ...
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Is there any neurological research on schema theory?
I noticed schema theory is frequently mentioned in educational psychology and sociocultural topics but didn't find neurological research related to it. I wonder if there are some shared mechanisms ...
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Could we create a psychopath?
I am new here, so I apologize if this question violates any of the rules of this community. A question that has kept bugging me for few months is whether, we could alter the brain chemistry of a ...
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What role does the brain play in some eye diseases such as myopia and astygmatism?
I wondered if the brain is partially responsible for some vision problems that are usually solely attributed to the eyes even if the primary dysfunction happens in the eye.
For instance,in eye ...
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Neuroligins, neurexins and synaptic gaps
Further to Are all synapses "gappy", and what exactly is in the gap?, I found an open access article (Biswas et al. 2008) pointing out that
Vertebrate studies show neuroligins and neurexins ...
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How different is the neural activity in different individuals when they are doing the same tasks?
Today, we can measure EEG (or fMRI) in different individuals and use machine learning to predict their thinking. I want to know if the exact neural patterns (fMRI, EGG etc.) are still similar across ...
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Compression of logical steps; multiple logical steps squeezed into one logical jump
I have read somewhere that as intelligence increases, more and more logical steps are chunked together, so as to allow for greater logical jumps.
When doing mathematics, the different levels of "...
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Has neuroscience yet proved that antisocial humans think in terms of anything resembling moral circuitry when targeting their victims? [closed]
Popular philosopher Frederich Wilhelm Nietzsche hypothesized and theorized that there are two core languages of moralities, rather than 'morality'. These languages are the master morality, and the ...
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Doubt about zero-crossings detection in the visual system
I'm currently reading the excellent book "Vision" by David Marr. In chapter 2.2 (ZERO-CROSSINGS AND THE RAW PRIMAL SKETCH), he explains a possible model for the physiological detection of ...
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Why do we feel inclined to doodle on paper when talking over the phone but not when talking in person?
Introduction:
Revisiting an earlier theme about "mind complementary activities", as I would call them, it dawned on me that the classical example of how doodling on paper complements talking ...
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Doubt about diffused mode
Is the diffuse mode (the default mode network) basically mind wandering mode(daydreaming mode) recruits neurons within the prefrontal cortex in addition to the cingulate, joining them to the ...
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Changes to the brain regions due to PTSD
I mentiond in my other question today (Changes to the amygdala due to PTSD) that the one thing I have often heard regarding changes in the brain due to trauma and PTSD is that the amygdala is enlarged ...
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Changes to the amygdala due to PTSD
The one thing I have often heard regarding changes in the brain due to trauma and PTSD is that the amygdala is enlarged (e.g. Kuo et al, 2012). This is understandable considering the amygdala is ...
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Possibility of a global consciousness
I am not sure if this site is the right place to ask this question but I believe this is the closest that stack exchange has to offer, so I am posting it here. The human brain is a complex organ ...
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How to evaluate the convergence of a staircase?
I have a 2AFC staircase, with transformed up and down method (2up 1 down) or (2down 1 up), with equal step size (at the beginning there are higher step sizes, at the end there are the lower value).
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in this attentional blink experiment why is the second letter visible when the lag is low but not when the lag is high
this image is from the book Consciousness and the Brain by Stanislas Dehaene
the book describes the image as follows :
The attentional blink illustrates the temporal limitations of
conscious ...
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How do we know that neurons are the only cells involved in cognitive computation?
I am an undergraduate studying pure mathematics taking a class on computational neuroscience. My default lens for looking at the brain is in terms of universal computation (in the Turing machine sense)...
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How do anxiety disorders affect our brains on a neuro level?
I was specifically wondering about
a) The effect on plasticity. Given that stress has been implicated to reduce plasticity, I assumed anxiety disorders would have a similar effect but the only paper I ...
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Electric communication between single neurons
It is believed that neurons communicate through neurotransmitters, released from multiple synapses and flow to the axon of the next neuron. But has it been shown if a single neuron communicate with a ...
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How do humans remember information?
When conversing, I often find myself using words or conveying ideas that I wasn't aware that I knew, nor whether these words/ideas were actually relevant to the conversation. It is only after googling ...
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How do you analyze temporal order judgments in the traditional way?
I'm looking at analyzing the just noticeable differences (JNDs) in temporal order judgment (TOJ) studies. A modern way to do this is with a multilevel model. And, I am going to do that. But I also ...
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How is interbrain synchrony physically possible?
In this survey of studies about interbrain synchronization, the authors talk about subjective reports of 'self-other merging' (non-singular experiences of consciousness).
The supposition is supported ...
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where is the second electrode in case of electrostimulation
With electrostimulation or functional electrostimulation, a response from the neuron is generated by electrical impulses.
But I always read, for example, that a stimulating electrode is above position ...
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What are the advantages of biphasic nerve stimulation?
One can stimulate nerves or muscle cells in different ways - with single-phase or multiphase pulses, cathodic or anodic, and via surface electrodes or implanted ones.
What exactly is the advantage of ...
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Does the brain send signals continuously to muscles during movement?
If I make one swift movement with my arm, like just raising it, is my brain continuously sending signals throughout the whole movement? Or does it just send signals one time? The latter seems to make ...
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Is stimming purely a trait within autism?
Stimming is the repetitive movements often seen in Autism.
Kapp, et al. (2019). states that:
‘Stereotyped or repetitive motor movements’ are characterised as core features in the diagnosis of autism, ...
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Can you use harmful addictions to build good habits?
I am reading the Pavlov's dog experiments, from it I learn that associating a dopamine high event with a neutral event will lead to later that neutral event triggering the same receptors in absence of ...
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Does the sensation of pain arise in the brain? [duplicate]
I can feel pain in my arm or in my brain.
I have read that you can feel a phantom pain. As if the pain exists outside the body. There is a related process in the brain but the feeling itself seems to ...
