Cancer is one of the leading causes of non-communicable diseases in the world. In 2015, about 8.8... more Cancer is one of the leading causes of non-communicable diseases in the world. In 2015, about 8.8 million cancer deaths worldwide and lung cancer was the most common type of cancer and the highest cause of death. Therapy for lung cancer can be either conventional therapy or molecular targeted therapy still has many limitations. It is therefore important to explore new sources of anticancer activity, including those from plants. One plant that is thought to have anticancer activity is Sesewanua (Clerodendrum fragrans [Vent.] Willd. Syn. Clerodendrum chinense [Osbeck] Mabb. Family Lamiaceae). This research is a laboratory experiment. The sample used is the C. fragrans leaves obtained in Malalayang I Timur Village, Malalayang District, Manado City, North Sulawesi Province, while the subjects in this study were A549 lung cancer cells from Cell-Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung. Anticancer activity test was using the MTT Tetrazolium Assay Method. Da...
Ambon banana weevil contains medicinal properties that are useful in the process of wound healing... more Ambon banana weevil contains medicinal properties that are useful in the process of wound healing. The purpose of this study is to formulate an ointment of Ambon banana (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum) weevil extract and to test the ointment to heal open wound on the skin of male rat (Rattus norvegicus). This study is experimental descriptive in the laboratory. Ambon banana weevil extracts used in the manufacture of ointment formulation. The number of tested animals used was 18, with 6 treatment groups, ie injuries without ointment application, negative control, positive control, banana weevil ointment 10%, banana weevil ointment 15%, and the banana weevil ointment 20%. All mice were injured with a 8 wound of 1.5 cm long. The wounds were applied with ointment three times daily. Observation was conducted everyday from day 0 to day 8. All data was tested statistically using ANOVA (Analysis of Variant) followed bay LSD (Least Significant Difference) test. Qualitative data were presented descriptively. The results showed that the banana weevil formulation meets the ointment test requirement according to Famakope Indonesia Edition III, i.e wounds were narrowed, scabs were formed, and then wounds were closed. Statistical tests showed that there were significant effects on wound healing in white male rats, ie 4.004 > 2.45. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the preparation of an ointment made from banana weevil met the requirement, and concentration of 10%, 15%, and 20% gave effect to the healing of open wounds on the skin of white male rats. Keywords: ointment, extract, Ambon banana weevil, wound healing, white male rats.
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences
BACKGROUND: Butterfly Pea or Asian pigeonwing (Clitoria ternatea L.) has been widely used by peop... more BACKGROUND: Butterfly Pea or Asian pigeonwing (Clitoria ternatea L.) has been widely used by people. This flower species contains flavonoid and phenolic with antioxidant activities. Further, the antioxidant in flowers can be processed into nanoemulgel facial makeup. The emulgel is expected to provide better drug delivery, thus maximizing the anti-aging effects. AIM: The aim of this study was to identify the effect of the gel basis variation in the preparation and characterization of the nanoemulgel of Asian pigeonwing extract using the particle size analysis or PSA method. METHODS: In this experimental laboratory research, the independent variable comprised the variants of gelling agent bases, namely, carbopol 940, hydroxy prophyl methyl cellulose, and sodium carboxy methyl cellulose. Research tools involved magnetic stirrer, atomizer, spectrophotometer ultraviolet–visible, and particle size analyzer. The dependent variable consisted of the particle size, polydispersity index, and p...
BACKGROUND: Cancer is one of the leading causes of non-communicable diseases in the world, with a... more BACKGROUND: Cancer is one of the leading causes of non-communicable diseases in the world, with about 10 million deaths worldwide in 2020. Lung cancer was the most common type of cancer and the highest cause of death. Therapy for lung cancer can be either conventional therapy or molecular targeted therapy that has many limitations. AIM: It is, therefore, important to explore new sources of anticancer activity, including those from plants. One plant that is thought to have anticancer activity is Sesewanua (Clerodendrum fragrans [Vent.] Willd. Syn. Clerodendrum chinense [Osbeck] Mabb., Family Lamiaceae). METHODS: This research is a laboratory experiment. The sample used is the C. fragrans leaves obtained in Malalayang I Timur Village, Malalayang District, Manado City, North Sulawesi Province, while the subjects in this study were A549 lung cancer cells from Cell-Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung. Anticancer activity test was using the MTT tetrazolium assay method. Data in the form of a percentage (%) inhibition of cell proliferation, then determined the value the concentration of 50% proliferation inhibition (IC50) using a computer program online. RESULTS: The results showed that ethanol extract, hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water-soluble fraction of C. fragrans had anticancer activity on A549 lung cancer cells. The smallest IC50 value is indicated by ethyl acetate fraction (191, 165 ppm), which is categorized as moderately active.
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2019
Objective: The objective of this research was to determine the antioxidant and hepatoprotective a... more Objective: The objective of this research was to determine the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik (AMLM) leaves in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: Samples of dried leaf were macerated using 96% ethanol solvent to obtain a viscous extract. Fractionation was then performed using ethyl acetate and n-butanol solvent. The antioxidant activity test of each fraction was done by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay. For the hepatoprotective activity test, the fractions were suspended in Tween 20 0.4% solution with concentrations of 10 mg/mL and 20 mg/mL. Rats were divided into 6 treatment groups consisting of five rats/group. Group I (positive control) was given an oral suspension of Curcuma® tablet, Group II (negative control) was given Tween 20 0.4% solution, and Groups III and IV (ethyl acetate fraction) and V and VI (n-butanol fraction) were given fraction suspension. On the 1st–7th days, all groups we...
Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik is one of the vegetation species commonly consumed by North Sulawe... more Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik is one of the vegetation species commonly consumed by North Sulawesi people as vegetable and is believed useful to cure several diseases, such as cholesterol, hypertension and diabetes. One of the chemical contents of its leaves is flavonoid, widely used to treat diabetes. The aim of this research is to identify the effect of ethyl acetate fraction ethanol extract of Abelmoschus manihot L Medik in Streptozotocin-induced rats (Rattusnorvegicus). This is an experimental research with Pretest and Posttest Control Group Design. Animals used in this research were rats, divided into 5 treatment groups, the negative control, positive control, and groups of ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of Albemoschusmanihot leaves 1.2%, 1.8% and 2.4%. Each group consists of 5 tested rats. Before being treated, the tested rats were induced diabetes by injecting Streptozotocin intraperitonelly. Then, blood sugar levels were measured on the 7th, 14th and 21st day. Th...
Sauropusandrogynous (L.) Merr leaves is a traditional medicine used by the community to reduce fe... more Sauropusandrogynous (L.) Merr leaves is a traditional medicine used by the community to reduce fever. One chemical content in Sauropusandrogynous (L.) Merr is flavonoids. Based on the results of previous research, flavonoids had the antipyretic effect. This study aims to determine the antipyretic effect of Sauropusandrogynous (L.) Merr leaves infusion on rats.This was an experimental research using Pretest-Posttest with Control Group design. The study conducted on 15 tested white rats that were divided into 3 treatment groups, i.e. negative control group, 8% leaf infusion group and positive control group. Each group consists of 5 rats. Prior to treatment, rats were febrile by injecting 20% peptone intraperitoneally. Rats got fever when the body temperature raised 1.5 °C from the initial temperature. Data was obtained from the result of measurement of the rat’s temperature before the treatment and every an hour during 4 consecutive hours since the rats were undergone treatment. Data ...
Ambon banana weevil contains medicinal properties that are useful in the process of wound healing... more Ambon banana weevil contains medicinal properties that are useful in the process of wound healing. The purpose of this study is to formulate an ointment of Ambon banana (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum) weevil extract and to test the ointment to heal open wound on the skin of male rat (Rattus norvegicus). This study is experimental descriptive in the laboratory. Ambon banana weevil extracts used in the manufacture of ointment formulation. The number of tested animals used was 18, with 6 treatment groups, ie injuries without ointment application, negative control, positive control, banana weevil ointment 10%, banana weevil ointment 15%, and the banana weevil ointment 20%. All mice were injured with a 8 wound of 1.5 cm long. The wounds were applied with ointment three times daily. Observation was conducted everyday from day 0 to day 8. All data was tested statistically using ANOVA (Analysis of Variant) followed bay LSD (Least Significant Difference) test. Qualitative data were present...
Abstrak : Temulawak merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berkhasiat untuk mengobati jerawat. Salah s... more Abstrak : Temulawak merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berkhasiat untuk mengobati jerawat. Salah satu faktor pemicu timbulnya jerawat adalah produksi minyak yang berlebih pada kulit wajah. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan sediaan yang tidak mengandung bahan dasar yang berlemak yang bisa memicu produksi minyak berlebih pada wajah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat suatu sediaan salep anti jerawat dari ekstrak rimpang temulawak yang memenuhi syarat pengujian sediaan salep. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan di laboratorium. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rimpang temulawak. Rimpang temulawak dibuat menjadi ekstrak kental menggunakan metode maserasi. Hasil ekstrak kental yang diperoleh dibuat menjadi salep, dengan basis salep larut air yang terdiri dari 40% PEG 4000 dan 60% PEG 400 serta nipagin sebagai pengawet. Salep kemudian melewati beberapa uji diantaranya uji organoleptik, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji daya sebar, uji kemampuan proteksi, uji...
Objective: The objectives of this research was to observe the effect of education and information... more Objective: The objectives of this research was to observe the effect of education and information on the alteration of in-patient's knowledge, perception, and attitude to the generic drug. Methods: An experimental study was conducted with a simple random sampling with a total sample of 45 people. They divided into three group, first group educated by the nurse, second group by the pharmacist, and third group by collaboration of nurse and pharmacist. The data were analyzed with Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test to verify the alteration. Results: The results of data analyze showed a significant alteration of knowledge, perception, and attitude before and after education by the nurse, by the pharmacist and by the collaboration of nurse and pharmacist (the value of p ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference level of perception and attitude on in-patient whom educated by pharmacist, nurse, and collaboration of nurse and pharmacist. The significant difference showed on in-patient's know...
Objective: The objectives of this research was to observe the effect of education and information... more Objective: The objectives of this research was to observe the effect of education and information on the alteration of in-patient's knowledge, perception, and attitude to the generic drug. Methods: An experimental study was conducted with a simple random sampling with a total sample of 45 people. They divided into three group, first group educated by the nurse, second group by the pharmacist, and third group by collaboration of nurse and pharmacist. The data were analyzed with Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test to verify the alteration. Results: The results of data analyze showed a significant alteration of knowledge, perception, and attitude before and after education by the nurse, by the pharmacist and by the collaboration of nurse and pharmacist (the value of p ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference level of perception and attitude on in-patient whom educated by pharmacist, nurse, and collaboration of nurse and pharmacist. The significant difference showed on in-patient's knowledge that educated by pharmacist and collaboration of them (p-value 0.025). Conclusion: The results indicated that there was a significantly increased level of knowledge, perception, and attitude on the in-patient that have been educated about the generic drug. Education by nurse, pharmacist, and collaboration of nurse and pharmacist had the same result to increase the level of perception and attitude of the generic drug, but the best method used to increased knowledge was done by the pharmacist.
Salah satu bentuk sediaan obat yang paling sering digunakan adalah tablet karena bentuknyayang ef... more Salah satu bentuk sediaan obat yang paling sering digunakan adalah tablet karena bentuknyayang efisien, sangat praktis, dan ideal untuk pemberian zat aktif terapi secara oral. Untuk dapatmenghasilkan efek terapi, tablet harus hancur dan melepaskan zat aktif ke dalam cairan tubuh untukdilarutkan dan tersedia untuk diabsorpsi. Selain persyaratan waktu hancur, tablet juga harus mempunyaikekerasan dan keregasan yang sesuai dengan persyaratan agar tablet dapat bertahan terhadap guncanganpada saat pembuatan dan pengepakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah beberapa tabletranitidin memenuhi persyaratan kekerasan, keregasan, dan waktu hancur sesuai dengan persyaratan yangada. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif. Sampel yang digunakan dalampenelitian adalah tablet ranitidin generik produksi Landson, OGB Dexa, Hexpharm Jaya dan produkgenerikbermerek produksi Sanbe (Acran), Gracia Pharmindo (Ratinal), dan Kalbe Farma (Rantin).Pengujian yang dilakukan yai...
Objective: The objectives of this research was to observe the effect of education and information... more Objective: The objectives of this research was to observe the effect of education and information on the alteration of in-patient's knowledge, perception, and attitude to the generic drug. Methods: An experimental study was conducted with a simple random sampling with a total sample of 45 people. They divided into three group, first group educated by the nurse, second group by the pharmacist, and third group by collaboration of nurse and pharmacist. The data were analyzed with Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test to verify the alteration. Results: The results of data analyze showed a significant alteration of knowledge, perception, and attitude before and after education by the nurse, by the pharmacist and by the collaboration of nurse and pharmacist (the value of p ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference level of perception and attitude on in-patient whom educated by pharmacist, nurse, and collaboration of nurse and pharmacist. The significant difference showed on in-patient's know...
White Bakung is a plant that contains alkaloid likinin, krinin, and acetylchlorine are efficaciou... more White Bakung is a plant that contains alkaloid likinin, krinin, and acetylchlorine are efficacious as a drug. Bakung Putih tuber extract at 1.5% concentration able to inhibit bacteria Propionibacterium acne, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus which is acne-causing bacteria. This research aims to make gel from tuber extract of Bakung Putih which fulfill the test requirement. This type of research is descriptive research conducted in the laboratory. The samples in this study were Bakung White tuber bulb extract obtained by the maceration method using 70% ethanol ethanol liquid, which was then prepared in gel preparation form by HPMC as gelling agent and other additives such as propylenglycol, nipagin, and aquadest. The gel preparation that has been made is tested consisting of organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, and spreading test. The results of this study showed that Bakung Putih tuber extract gel had thick dosage form and contained air bubbles, odorless...
Abstract: North Sulawesi known as coconut producer in Indonesia and almost all of the parts of th... more Abstract: North Sulawesi known as coconut producer in Indonesia and almost all of the parts of this plant were usefull. Coconut flour is a product derived from the processing of coconut pulp. Fiber (cellulose) content in coconut flour is higher than other flour which is about 60,9 %. The aim of this research was to review the potential use of coconut flour as desintegrator in tablet formulations. This research is applied research with lab-scale experimental methods carried out in the laboratory of Pharmaceutical/Pharmaceutical Technology Jurusan Farmasi Poltekkes Kemenkes Manado. The research done by making 2 tablet formulation using coconut flour and amylum manihot as desintegrator. The resulting tablets were evaluated to test disintegration time, hardness, friability and uniformity of weight and size. The data obtained compared to the requirements of each test. The results showed that the tablets that use coconut flour as tablet disintegrator eligible to disintegration time and fr...
Kasus inflamasi pada usia di atas 18 tahun diperkirakan 0,1% sampai 0,3 % dari jumlah penduduk me... more Kasus inflamasi pada usia di atas 18 tahun diperkirakan 0,1% sampai 0,3 % dari jumlah penduduk mengalami inflamasi, dan untuk anak dan remaja di bawah 18 tahun sekitar 1 banding 100.000. Walaupun jumlah kasus inflamasi sangat rendah yang terjadi di masyarakat, Penyakit ini paling sering menyebabkan kesakitan dan kecacatan. pengobatan secara tradisional dengan menggunakan rimpang temulawak yang memiliki zat warna curcumin, yang tanaman ini mudah di dapatkan dan diolah serta dijadikan obat inflamasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek antiinflamasi infus rimpang temulawak pada mencit, mengetahui onset dari infus rimpang temulawak sebagai antiinflamasi pada mencit dan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh dosis infus rimpang temulawak 1x, 10x dan 100x dosis lazim manusia terhadap efek antiinflamasi pada mencit. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimen laboratorium dengan design post test with control group. Sampel penelitian adalah rimpang temulawak, rimpang temulawak dibuat dalam infus....
Temulawak merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berkhasiat untuk mengobati jerawat. Salah satu faktor... more Temulawak merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berkhasiat untuk mengobati jerawat. Salah satu faktor pemicu timbulnya jerawat adalah produksi minyak yang berlebih pada kulit wajah. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan sediaan yang tidak mengandung bahan dasar yang berlemak yang bisa memicu produksi minyak berlebih pada wajah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat suatu sediaan salep anti jerawat dari ekstrak rimpang temulawak yang memenuhi syarat pengujian sediaan salep. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan di laboratorium. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rimpang temulawak. Rimpang temulawak dibuat menjadi ekstrak kental menggunakan metode maserasi. Hasil ekstrak kental yang diperoleh dibuat menjadi salep, dengan basis salep larut air yang terdiri dari 40% PEG 4000 dan 60% PEG 400 serta nipagin sebagai pengawet. Salep kemudian melewati beberapa uji diantaranya uji organoleptik, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji daya sebar, uji kemampuan proteksi, uji daya sera...
Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik leaves used as food and traditional medicine. Leaves decoction water... more Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik leaves used as food and traditional medicine. Leaves decoction water is used to treat various diseases. Flavonoids content in the leaf such as hyperoside has the antiviral, antiinflammatory, cardioprotective and hepatoprotective effect. This study aimed to determine the hepatoprotective activity of Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik leaves extract and its nanoparticles against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats.This was an experimental research. Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik fresh leaves dried and extracted with maceration method using 95% ethanol. The macerate concentrated to obtain a viscous extract. Some extract made into test solutions with a concentration of 8 mg/mL, and some extracts were prepared into nanoparticles with emulsion solvent evaporation method using 0.1% PLGA solution in ethyl acetate and 2.5% PVA solution with a concentration of 0,5 mg/mL. Test animals were 20 male white rats divided into 4 treatment groups ie positive contr...
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences
BACKGROUND: Acalypha indica Linn. has been used as traditional medicine, it contains flavonoids, ... more BACKGROUND: Acalypha indica Linn. has been used as traditional medicine, it contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, and essential oils. AIM: This study aimed to determine the bio-larvicide effects of A. indica Linn. leaf stew and the silver nanoparticles against Anopheles sp. larvae. METHODS: The fresh leaves of A. indica Linn. extracted using distilled water at 100°C for 30 min. The silver nanoparticles were made by mixing a solution of silver nitrate with the stew, which acts as a reducing agent. The resulting silver nanoparticles were characterized by particle size analyzer and UV-vis spectrophotometer. The bio-larvicide effects against Anopheles sp. larvae performed using a completely randomized design. There were eight groups consisted of ten larvae and three replications. Treatment groups of stew and silver nanoparticle for concentrations 0.05%, 0.5%, and 5%, respectively. The negative control group was distilled water and the positive contr...
Cancer is one of the leading causes of non-communicable diseases in the world. In 2015, about 8.8... more Cancer is one of the leading causes of non-communicable diseases in the world. In 2015, about 8.8 million cancer deaths worldwide and lung cancer was the most common type of cancer and the highest cause of death. Therapy for lung cancer can be either conventional therapy or molecular targeted therapy still has many limitations. It is therefore important to explore new sources of anticancer activity, including those from plants. One plant that is thought to have anticancer activity is Sesewanua (Clerodendrum fragrans [Vent.] Willd. Syn. Clerodendrum chinense [Osbeck] Mabb. Family Lamiaceae). This research is a laboratory experiment. The sample used is the C. fragrans leaves obtained in Malalayang I Timur Village, Malalayang District, Manado City, North Sulawesi Province, while the subjects in this study were A549 lung cancer cells from Cell-Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung. Anticancer activity test was using the MTT Tetrazolium Assay Method. Da...
Ambon banana weevil contains medicinal properties that are useful in the process of wound healing... more Ambon banana weevil contains medicinal properties that are useful in the process of wound healing. The purpose of this study is to formulate an ointment of Ambon banana (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum) weevil extract and to test the ointment to heal open wound on the skin of male rat (Rattus norvegicus). This study is experimental descriptive in the laboratory. Ambon banana weevil extracts used in the manufacture of ointment formulation. The number of tested animals used was 18, with 6 treatment groups, ie injuries without ointment application, negative control, positive control, banana weevil ointment 10%, banana weevil ointment 15%, and the banana weevil ointment 20%. All mice were injured with a 8 wound of 1.5 cm long. The wounds were applied with ointment three times daily. Observation was conducted everyday from day 0 to day 8. All data was tested statistically using ANOVA (Analysis of Variant) followed bay LSD (Least Significant Difference) test. Qualitative data were presented descriptively. The results showed that the banana weevil formulation meets the ointment test requirement according to Famakope Indonesia Edition III, i.e wounds were narrowed, scabs were formed, and then wounds were closed. Statistical tests showed that there were significant effects on wound healing in white male rats, ie 4.004 > 2.45. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the preparation of an ointment made from banana weevil met the requirement, and concentration of 10%, 15%, and 20% gave effect to the healing of open wounds on the skin of white male rats. Keywords: ointment, extract, Ambon banana weevil, wound healing, white male rats.
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences
BACKGROUND: Butterfly Pea or Asian pigeonwing (Clitoria ternatea L.) has been widely used by peop... more BACKGROUND: Butterfly Pea or Asian pigeonwing (Clitoria ternatea L.) has been widely used by people. This flower species contains flavonoid and phenolic with antioxidant activities. Further, the antioxidant in flowers can be processed into nanoemulgel facial makeup. The emulgel is expected to provide better drug delivery, thus maximizing the anti-aging effects. AIM: The aim of this study was to identify the effect of the gel basis variation in the preparation and characterization of the nanoemulgel of Asian pigeonwing extract using the particle size analysis or PSA method. METHODS: In this experimental laboratory research, the independent variable comprised the variants of gelling agent bases, namely, carbopol 940, hydroxy prophyl methyl cellulose, and sodium carboxy methyl cellulose. Research tools involved magnetic stirrer, atomizer, spectrophotometer ultraviolet–visible, and particle size analyzer. The dependent variable consisted of the particle size, polydispersity index, and p...
BACKGROUND: Cancer is one of the leading causes of non-communicable diseases in the world, with a... more BACKGROUND: Cancer is one of the leading causes of non-communicable diseases in the world, with about 10 million deaths worldwide in 2020. Lung cancer was the most common type of cancer and the highest cause of death. Therapy for lung cancer can be either conventional therapy or molecular targeted therapy that has many limitations. AIM: It is, therefore, important to explore new sources of anticancer activity, including those from plants. One plant that is thought to have anticancer activity is Sesewanua (Clerodendrum fragrans [Vent.] Willd. Syn. Clerodendrum chinense [Osbeck] Mabb., Family Lamiaceae). METHODS: This research is a laboratory experiment. The sample used is the C. fragrans leaves obtained in Malalayang I Timur Village, Malalayang District, Manado City, North Sulawesi Province, while the subjects in this study were A549 lung cancer cells from Cell-Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung. Anticancer activity test was using the MTT tetrazolium assay method. Data in the form of a percentage (%) inhibition of cell proliferation, then determined the value the concentration of 50% proliferation inhibition (IC50) using a computer program online. RESULTS: The results showed that ethanol extract, hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water-soluble fraction of C. fragrans had anticancer activity on A549 lung cancer cells. The smallest IC50 value is indicated by ethyl acetate fraction (191, 165 ppm), which is categorized as moderately active.
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2019
Objective: The objective of this research was to determine the antioxidant and hepatoprotective a... more Objective: The objective of this research was to determine the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik (AMLM) leaves in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: Samples of dried leaf were macerated using 96% ethanol solvent to obtain a viscous extract. Fractionation was then performed using ethyl acetate and n-butanol solvent. The antioxidant activity test of each fraction was done by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay. For the hepatoprotective activity test, the fractions were suspended in Tween 20 0.4% solution with concentrations of 10 mg/mL and 20 mg/mL. Rats were divided into 6 treatment groups consisting of five rats/group. Group I (positive control) was given an oral suspension of Curcuma® tablet, Group II (negative control) was given Tween 20 0.4% solution, and Groups III and IV (ethyl acetate fraction) and V and VI (n-butanol fraction) were given fraction suspension. On the 1st–7th days, all groups we...
Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik is one of the vegetation species commonly consumed by North Sulawe... more Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik is one of the vegetation species commonly consumed by North Sulawesi people as vegetable and is believed useful to cure several diseases, such as cholesterol, hypertension and diabetes. One of the chemical contents of its leaves is flavonoid, widely used to treat diabetes. The aim of this research is to identify the effect of ethyl acetate fraction ethanol extract of Abelmoschus manihot L Medik in Streptozotocin-induced rats (Rattusnorvegicus). This is an experimental research with Pretest and Posttest Control Group Design. Animals used in this research were rats, divided into 5 treatment groups, the negative control, positive control, and groups of ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of Albemoschusmanihot leaves 1.2%, 1.8% and 2.4%. Each group consists of 5 tested rats. Before being treated, the tested rats were induced diabetes by injecting Streptozotocin intraperitonelly. Then, blood sugar levels were measured on the 7th, 14th and 21st day. Th...
Sauropusandrogynous (L.) Merr leaves is a traditional medicine used by the community to reduce fe... more Sauropusandrogynous (L.) Merr leaves is a traditional medicine used by the community to reduce fever. One chemical content in Sauropusandrogynous (L.) Merr is flavonoids. Based on the results of previous research, flavonoids had the antipyretic effect. This study aims to determine the antipyretic effect of Sauropusandrogynous (L.) Merr leaves infusion on rats.This was an experimental research using Pretest-Posttest with Control Group design. The study conducted on 15 tested white rats that were divided into 3 treatment groups, i.e. negative control group, 8% leaf infusion group and positive control group. Each group consists of 5 rats. Prior to treatment, rats were febrile by injecting 20% peptone intraperitoneally. Rats got fever when the body temperature raised 1.5 °C from the initial temperature. Data was obtained from the result of measurement of the rat’s temperature before the treatment and every an hour during 4 consecutive hours since the rats were undergone treatment. Data ...
Ambon banana weevil contains medicinal properties that are useful in the process of wound healing... more Ambon banana weevil contains medicinal properties that are useful in the process of wound healing. The purpose of this study is to formulate an ointment of Ambon banana (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum) weevil extract and to test the ointment to heal open wound on the skin of male rat (Rattus norvegicus). This study is experimental descriptive in the laboratory. Ambon banana weevil extracts used in the manufacture of ointment formulation. The number of tested animals used was 18, with 6 treatment groups, ie injuries without ointment application, negative control, positive control, banana weevil ointment 10%, banana weevil ointment 15%, and the banana weevil ointment 20%. All mice were injured with a 8 wound of 1.5 cm long. The wounds were applied with ointment three times daily. Observation was conducted everyday from day 0 to day 8. All data was tested statistically using ANOVA (Analysis of Variant) followed bay LSD (Least Significant Difference) test. Qualitative data were present...
Abstrak : Temulawak merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berkhasiat untuk mengobati jerawat. Salah s... more Abstrak : Temulawak merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berkhasiat untuk mengobati jerawat. Salah satu faktor pemicu timbulnya jerawat adalah produksi minyak yang berlebih pada kulit wajah. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan sediaan yang tidak mengandung bahan dasar yang berlemak yang bisa memicu produksi minyak berlebih pada wajah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat suatu sediaan salep anti jerawat dari ekstrak rimpang temulawak yang memenuhi syarat pengujian sediaan salep. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan di laboratorium. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rimpang temulawak. Rimpang temulawak dibuat menjadi ekstrak kental menggunakan metode maserasi. Hasil ekstrak kental yang diperoleh dibuat menjadi salep, dengan basis salep larut air yang terdiri dari 40% PEG 4000 dan 60% PEG 400 serta nipagin sebagai pengawet. Salep kemudian melewati beberapa uji diantaranya uji organoleptik, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji daya sebar, uji kemampuan proteksi, uji...
Objective: The objectives of this research was to observe the effect of education and information... more Objective: The objectives of this research was to observe the effect of education and information on the alteration of in-patient's knowledge, perception, and attitude to the generic drug. Methods: An experimental study was conducted with a simple random sampling with a total sample of 45 people. They divided into three group, first group educated by the nurse, second group by the pharmacist, and third group by collaboration of nurse and pharmacist. The data were analyzed with Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test to verify the alteration. Results: The results of data analyze showed a significant alteration of knowledge, perception, and attitude before and after education by the nurse, by the pharmacist and by the collaboration of nurse and pharmacist (the value of p ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference level of perception and attitude on in-patient whom educated by pharmacist, nurse, and collaboration of nurse and pharmacist. The significant difference showed on in-patient's know...
Objective: The objectives of this research was to observe the effect of education and information... more Objective: The objectives of this research was to observe the effect of education and information on the alteration of in-patient's knowledge, perception, and attitude to the generic drug. Methods: An experimental study was conducted with a simple random sampling with a total sample of 45 people. They divided into three group, first group educated by the nurse, second group by the pharmacist, and third group by collaboration of nurse and pharmacist. The data were analyzed with Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test to verify the alteration. Results: The results of data analyze showed a significant alteration of knowledge, perception, and attitude before and after education by the nurse, by the pharmacist and by the collaboration of nurse and pharmacist (the value of p ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference level of perception and attitude on in-patient whom educated by pharmacist, nurse, and collaboration of nurse and pharmacist. The significant difference showed on in-patient's knowledge that educated by pharmacist and collaboration of them (p-value 0.025). Conclusion: The results indicated that there was a significantly increased level of knowledge, perception, and attitude on the in-patient that have been educated about the generic drug. Education by nurse, pharmacist, and collaboration of nurse and pharmacist had the same result to increase the level of perception and attitude of the generic drug, but the best method used to increased knowledge was done by the pharmacist.
Salah satu bentuk sediaan obat yang paling sering digunakan adalah tablet karena bentuknyayang ef... more Salah satu bentuk sediaan obat yang paling sering digunakan adalah tablet karena bentuknyayang efisien, sangat praktis, dan ideal untuk pemberian zat aktif terapi secara oral. Untuk dapatmenghasilkan efek terapi, tablet harus hancur dan melepaskan zat aktif ke dalam cairan tubuh untukdilarutkan dan tersedia untuk diabsorpsi. Selain persyaratan waktu hancur, tablet juga harus mempunyaikekerasan dan keregasan yang sesuai dengan persyaratan agar tablet dapat bertahan terhadap guncanganpada saat pembuatan dan pengepakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah beberapa tabletranitidin memenuhi persyaratan kekerasan, keregasan, dan waktu hancur sesuai dengan persyaratan yangada. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif. Sampel yang digunakan dalampenelitian adalah tablet ranitidin generik produksi Landson, OGB Dexa, Hexpharm Jaya dan produkgenerikbermerek produksi Sanbe (Acran), Gracia Pharmindo (Ratinal), dan Kalbe Farma (Rantin).Pengujian yang dilakukan yai...
Objective: The objectives of this research was to observe the effect of education and information... more Objective: The objectives of this research was to observe the effect of education and information on the alteration of in-patient's knowledge, perception, and attitude to the generic drug. Methods: An experimental study was conducted with a simple random sampling with a total sample of 45 people. They divided into three group, first group educated by the nurse, second group by the pharmacist, and third group by collaboration of nurse and pharmacist. The data were analyzed with Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test to verify the alteration. Results: The results of data analyze showed a significant alteration of knowledge, perception, and attitude before and after education by the nurse, by the pharmacist and by the collaboration of nurse and pharmacist (the value of p ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference level of perception and attitude on in-patient whom educated by pharmacist, nurse, and collaboration of nurse and pharmacist. The significant difference showed on in-patient's know...
White Bakung is a plant that contains alkaloid likinin, krinin, and acetylchlorine are efficaciou... more White Bakung is a plant that contains alkaloid likinin, krinin, and acetylchlorine are efficacious as a drug. Bakung Putih tuber extract at 1.5% concentration able to inhibit bacteria Propionibacterium acne, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus which is acne-causing bacteria. This research aims to make gel from tuber extract of Bakung Putih which fulfill the test requirement. This type of research is descriptive research conducted in the laboratory. The samples in this study were Bakung White tuber bulb extract obtained by the maceration method using 70% ethanol ethanol liquid, which was then prepared in gel preparation form by HPMC as gelling agent and other additives such as propylenglycol, nipagin, and aquadest. The gel preparation that has been made is tested consisting of organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, and spreading test. The results of this study showed that Bakung Putih tuber extract gel had thick dosage form and contained air bubbles, odorless...
Abstract: North Sulawesi known as coconut producer in Indonesia and almost all of the parts of th... more Abstract: North Sulawesi known as coconut producer in Indonesia and almost all of the parts of this plant were usefull. Coconut flour is a product derived from the processing of coconut pulp. Fiber (cellulose) content in coconut flour is higher than other flour which is about 60,9 %. The aim of this research was to review the potential use of coconut flour as desintegrator in tablet formulations. This research is applied research with lab-scale experimental methods carried out in the laboratory of Pharmaceutical/Pharmaceutical Technology Jurusan Farmasi Poltekkes Kemenkes Manado. The research done by making 2 tablet formulation using coconut flour and amylum manihot as desintegrator. The resulting tablets were evaluated to test disintegration time, hardness, friability and uniformity of weight and size. The data obtained compared to the requirements of each test. The results showed that the tablets that use coconut flour as tablet disintegrator eligible to disintegration time and fr...
Kasus inflamasi pada usia di atas 18 tahun diperkirakan 0,1% sampai 0,3 % dari jumlah penduduk me... more Kasus inflamasi pada usia di atas 18 tahun diperkirakan 0,1% sampai 0,3 % dari jumlah penduduk mengalami inflamasi, dan untuk anak dan remaja di bawah 18 tahun sekitar 1 banding 100.000. Walaupun jumlah kasus inflamasi sangat rendah yang terjadi di masyarakat, Penyakit ini paling sering menyebabkan kesakitan dan kecacatan. pengobatan secara tradisional dengan menggunakan rimpang temulawak yang memiliki zat warna curcumin, yang tanaman ini mudah di dapatkan dan diolah serta dijadikan obat inflamasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek antiinflamasi infus rimpang temulawak pada mencit, mengetahui onset dari infus rimpang temulawak sebagai antiinflamasi pada mencit dan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh dosis infus rimpang temulawak 1x, 10x dan 100x dosis lazim manusia terhadap efek antiinflamasi pada mencit. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimen laboratorium dengan design post test with control group. Sampel penelitian adalah rimpang temulawak, rimpang temulawak dibuat dalam infus....
Temulawak merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berkhasiat untuk mengobati jerawat. Salah satu faktor... more Temulawak merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berkhasiat untuk mengobati jerawat. Salah satu faktor pemicu timbulnya jerawat adalah produksi minyak yang berlebih pada kulit wajah. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan sediaan yang tidak mengandung bahan dasar yang berlemak yang bisa memicu produksi minyak berlebih pada wajah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat suatu sediaan salep anti jerawat dari ekstrak rimpang temulawak yang memenuhi syarat pengujian sediaan salep. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan di laboratorium. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rimpang temulawak. Rimpang temulawak dibuat menjadi ekstrak kental menggunakan metode maserasi. Hasil ekstrak kental yang diperoleh dibuat menjadi salep, dengan basis salep larut air yang terdiri dari 40% PEG 4000 dan 60% PEG 400 serta nipagin sebagai pengawet. Salep kemudian melewati beberapa uji diantaranya uji organoleptik, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji daya sebar, uji kemampuan proteksi, uji daya sera...
Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik leaves used as food and traditional medicine. Leaves decoction water... more Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik leaves used as food and traditional medicine. Leaves decoction water is used to treat various diseases. Flavonoids content in the leaf such as hyperoside has the antiviral, antiinflammatory, cardioprotective and hepatoprotective effect. This study aimed to determine the hepatoprotective activity of Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik leaves extract and its nanoparticles against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats.This was an experimental research. Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik fresh leaves dried and extracted with maceration method using 95% ethanol. The macerate concentrated to obtain a viscous extract. Some extract made into test solutions with a concentration of 8 mg/mL, and some extracts were prepared into nanoparticles with emulsion solvent evaporation method using 0.1% PLGA solution in ethyl acetate and 2.5% PVA solution with a concentration of 0,5 mg/mL. Test animals were 20 male white rats divided into 4 treatment groups ie positive contr...
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences
BACKGROUND: Acalypha indica Linn. has been used as traditional medicine, it contains flavonoids, ... more BACKGROUND: Acalypha indica Linn. has been used as traditional medicine, it contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, and essential oils. AIM: This study aimed to determine the bio-larvicide effects of A. indica Linn. leaf stew and the silver nanoparticles against Anopheles sp. larvae. METHODS: The fresh leaves of A. indica Linn. extracted using distilled water at 100°C for 30 min. The silver nanoparticles were made by mixing a solution of silver nitrate with the stew, which acts as a reducing agent. The resulting silver nanoparticles were characterized by particle size analyzer and UV-vis spectrophotometer. The bio-larvicide effects against Anopheles sp. larvae performed using a completely randomized design. There were eight groups consisted of ten larvae and three replications. Treatment groups of stew and silver nanoparticle for concentrations 0.05%, 0.5%, and 5%, respectively. The negative control group was distilled water and the positive contr...
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