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Richard Kotter

Northumbria University, Geography, Faculty Member

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I am an Anglo-German economic and political geographer.I am interested in regional economic development, ecological modernization and environmental transformations, and urban futures. For the past years I have worked much with different kind of engineers and orgamisations in terms of transport and mobility, especially electric mobility, and integrating renewable energy., and more widely technology-people interactions (STS).I am also interested in rights-based approaches to integrated emergency planning and disaster-risk reduction, and the empowerment of marginalised communities. Iahve done a range of civic education projects, and research on civic educaytion and geographical education. I also have a sustained level of activity in Holocaust and Genocide Education within and outside of the university, both field-based (Poland, Germany) and city-based. I have a strong activist and organisational background in this field through Amnesty International as a national volunteer country co-ordinator Initially in Germany on El Salvador) and the in the UK on European issues, trainer for AIUK, and am a past AIUK Chair of Steering Committee of Country Co-ordinators.
Address: Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

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Papers by Richard Kotter

Final report-Oslo Operational Pilot

Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material inf... more Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please contact the library: https://www.amsterdamuas.com/library/contact/questions, or send a letter to: University Library (Library of the University of Amsterdam and Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences), Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.

Meaningful Transfer: Tech-Knowlogical Interdependencies in the Digital Built Environment

Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, 2021

This paper engages with ideas of tacit and explicit knowledge, how it is created, transferred, an... more This paper engages with ideas of tacit and explicit knowledge, how it is created, transferred, and ultimately translated in contemporary discourses of the digital built environment. The aim is to open a more critical and original dialogue in the digital built environment by (a) interrogating digital innovation as it strives to utilise relatively distilled information to enhance the sustainable design, construction and operation of the built environment and wider urban areas, (b) representing the rights of those whose knowledge is created and transferred in the digital built environment and (c) by further understanding the context of knowledge creation, and thus maximising its potential for scaling up sustainability objectives. The paper considers the conceptual and methodological tools that may help to focus more novel analysis of knowledge production and transfer in the digital built environment. The paper considers three conceptual positions that have hitherto been considered eith...

Attributes of embodied leadership: A beginning in the next chapter of leadership development

Human Systems Management, 2015

Research and guidance on leadership behaviour has been documented throughout history, from the ep... more Research and guidance on leadership behaviour has been documented throughout history, from the epics to more recent leadership theories, evolved over the last century. However, despite ample research and practice, leadership failures continue in being typical. A review of literature in leadership studies reveals that recommendations have often been descriptive, assumptive and prescriptive without considering various individual differences. Additionally, leadership development often utilises methodologies in which individuals are trained to ‘act’ as leaders rather than fully embody leadership behaviour. This paper explores the generic attributes that describe embodied leadership behaviour. Semi-structured interviews were performed on a panel of individuals from different backgrounds and analysed using a grounded theory approach. Along with the interviews, the works of Scharmer (2008) and behavioural traits identified in leadership by Derue, Nahrgang, Wellman and Humphrey (2011) were ...

Framing Electric Mobility for Urban Sustainability in a Circular Economy Context: An Overview of the Literature

Sustainability

The development of electro-mobility is one of the centerpieces of European country attempts to re... more The development of electro-mobility is one of the centerpieces of European country attempts to reduce carbon emissions and increase the quality of life in cities. The goals of reducing emissions from the transport sector and phasing out fossil-fueled vehicles in (urban) transport by 2050 present unrivaled opportunities to foster electro-mobility. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature and provides a detailed analysis of the current development of electro-mobility in Europe, assessing social, economic, and environmental aspects under a circular economy (CE) context. It also examines the existing challenges and suggests ways of addressing them towards improving the environmental performance of electro-mobility and the urban quality of life. The paper argues that a narrow technology-only agenda in electro-mobility will be less successful without the imperative of the CE, including not just materials and resources but also energy, to unlock the medium-term co-benef...

Das Große Sterben. 100 Jahre Erster Weltkrieg – Spurensuche an Kriegs- und Gedenkorten in Belgien

Im August 2014 jährt sich der Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkrieges (1914-1918) zum 100. Mal. Im Sommer... more Im August 2014 jährt sich der Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkrieges (1914-1918) zum 100. Mal. Im Sommer 1914 entfesselte Europa einen unfassbar grausamen, erstmals global ausgetragenen Konflikt mit Folgen, die unsere Gegenwart bis heute prägen. Was uns Deutschen allerdings häufig wenig bewusst ist und bei unseren Nachbarn in Europa für Irritationen sorgen kann: In Deutschland scheinen die Millionen toten Soldaten und Zivilisten des Krieges von 1914-1918 nahezu vergessen zu sein. Das Gedenken steht hier ganz im Schatten des Zweiten Weltkriegs. Der Große Krieg, wie Belgier, Briten und Franzosen noch heute den Ersten Weltkrieg nennen, ist dagegen im kollektiven Gedächtnis unserer (west-)europäischen Nachbarn und anderer Nationen wie Australien, Neuseeland oder Kanada tief verankert. Wie können wir daher heute für die Dimensionen dieser "Urkatastrophe des 20. Jahrhunderts" (George F. Kennan) und die Spuren, die sie bis heute hinterlassen hat, sensibilisieren? Wie können wir dazu bei...

Electric vehicle Carbon footprint reduction via intelligent charging strategies

2019 8th International Conference on Modern Power Systems (MPS)

In recent years, electric vehicles (EVs) are seen as an effective solution to the arising environ... more In recent years, electric vehicles (EVs) are seen as an effective solution to the arising environmental and sustainability concerns related to the transportation sector. As opposed to conventional vehicles, EVs do not entail tailpipe emission of CO2 and other ambient air pollutants and require lower operational cost. However, the benefits that EVs can bring highly depend on their charging strategy. Moreover, the ever-increasing deployment of EVs on a global scale, and their uncontrolled charging (currently predominant) requirements, can cause significant burden for national grids and local distribution networks. The solutions EV could bring depend on the adopted charging strategies, i.e. dump charging, smart charging or V2G. This paper compares various EV charging strategies at the UK national level in perspective to 2030 and 2040 targets. This study clearly shows the benefits EVs could bring if their charging is intelligently controlled, resulting in a more positive impact on electricity distribution grids, a higher integration of renewable energy sources (RES) and lower CO2 emissions.

Business Models for Vehicle to Grid (V2G)

The variable nature of renewable energy has consequences for electricity supply control and manag... more The variable nature of renewable energy has consequences for electricity supply control and management. The control of the electricity grid in most European countries is premised on the ready availability of high energy density fossil fuels, use of which for electricity production (including for electrified transport) leads to adverse environmental impacts. There is progress in using renewable energy sources for electricity generation but they are low density and variable with implications for grid control and management. A projected rise in the use of Electric Vehicles (EVs) produces considerable interest in the impact on grid control, and using the energy storage capacity of EVs as a means for helping with grid management. The EV battery can provide a important service to the grid by providing storage to enable both import and export of power from/to the grid, termed Vehicle to Grid (V2G). Other methods of regulating the intermittent nature of renewables are to use (in addition) s...

The Effect of Cycling on the State of Health of the Electric Vehicle Battery

Abstract-This paper provides an analysis of the experimental results available for lithium ion ba... more Abstract-This paper provides an analysis of the experimental results available for lithium ion battery degradation which has been used to create a model of the effect of the identified parameters on the ageing of an EV battery. The parameters affecting degradation are generally accepted to be; state of charge, depth of discharge, charging rate and battery temperature. Values for each of these parameters have been found for three versions of a typical daily cycling scenario; uncontrolled charging, delayed charging and V2G. A comparison is made of the expected overall degradation using four different charging rates and different charging patterns based on the model. A link is made between the charging patterns and the effect on the power flow at the transformer of a typical section of LV network using a ADMD profile. The analysis shows that delayed charging and V2G slow down the rate of battery degradation. However, fast charging appears to accelerate battery degradation. Delayed char...

Policy strategies for an emergent technology: lessons from the analysis of EV-policy in 8 North- European countries

World Electric Vehicle Journal, Dec 28, 2015

This paper presents data from a comparative study of EV-policies in 8 different North-European co... more This paper presents data from a comparative study of EV-policies in 8 different North-European countries, that maps out all of the policies of these countries (and a range of regions and cities) that target passenger vehicles (PHEV and BEV), chargers (home, private, public; level 1-3), and policies that target the emobility ecosystem or supporting network, in time-period 2012-2014. The main findings are that 1) there is wide variance of policies put out by the different countries, 2) these policies are hardly part of a coherent policy-strategy, and 3) mainly address the introduction of e-mobility as an issue of "piling up" enough incentives to overcome early market problems (e.g. high costs, reticent customers, slow adaptation of regulation). Most countries we studied were able to meet short-term policy-ambitions, and some have even surpassed those ambitions; Netherlands and Norway for instance are ahead of their targets, both in numbers of vehicles and chargers. However, if we compare the currently applied policies to the medium-and longer term ambitions, these policies are hardly viable. Therefore, argue for alternative policy strategies that do not "pile up" incentives, but look at "mixes" of policies that instigate a self-reinforcing loop in the adoption to EV's.

Living Geography: 8 ways fieldwork - evolution & evalutation

Within the context of the Geographical Association's "Living Geography" initiative,... more Within the context of the Geographical Association's "Living Geography" initiative, this presentation sets out the approach, experiences and lessons drawn for a national pliot on an "8 Way Thinking" approach to studying a changin locality within Newcastle upon Tyne - the (Lower) Ouseburn (Valley) area. This project was undertaken with secondary and primary PGCE students / trainee teachers from Newcastle and Northumbria Universities, as well as ITE students in primary geography from Northumbria and first year undergraduate students in Human Geography and Geography & Sport at Northumbria University, and explores both the potential, limitations, and future direction of this approach.

Earth is Our Business: changing the rules of the game [Book review]

Podcasting in geography and the social sciences: a guide to podcasting with Audacity

Kemp, J., Kotter, R., Mellor, A. and Oosthoek, JW (2009) 'Podcasting in geography and the so... more

E-Mobility in Europe. Trends and Good Practice

Focusing on technical, policy and social/societal practices and innovations for electrified trans... more Focusing on technical, policy and social/societal practices and innovations for electrified transport for personal, public and freight purposes, this book provides a state-of-the-art overview of developments in e-mobility in Europe and the West Coast of the USA. It serves as a learning base for further implementing and commercially developing this field for the benefit of society, the environment and public health, as well as for economic development and private industry. A fast-growing, interdisciplinary sector, electric mobility links engineering, infrastructure, environment, transport and sustainable development. But despite the relevance of the topic, few publications have ever attempted to document or promote the wide range of electric mobility initiatives and projects taking place today. Addressing this need, this publication consists of case studies, reports on technological developments and examples of successful infrastructure installation in cities, which document current ...

Real-time electric mobility simulation in metropolitan areas. A case study: Newcastle-Gateshead

This paper discusses the potential of emerging digital representations of built environments coup... more This paper discusses the potential of emerging digital representations of built environments coupled with agent-based modelling (ABM). A new set of urban transportation data is provided as an input which is the electric vehicles (EVs) population of one of the UK metropolitan areas. The study is a part of a PhD research that focuses on investigating computer-aided software to develop a virtual route for electric mobility in the North Sea Region. An overview of agent-based simulation platforms is discussed. Electric mobility system has particular paradigms that differ from conventional urban transport systems; a comparison is presented followed by the recommended approach of integrating the two techniques (visualization and simulation). Finally, the architecture of agents’ algorithm within the EVs network is presented through a case study of virtual Newcastle-Gateshead model.

Conservation biology and applied bioarchaeology [book review]

A review of electric vehicle charge point map websites in the NSR: Interim report

This interim report is a review of the EV charge point (station) map websites in the North Sea Re... more This interim report is a review of the EV charge point (station) map websites in the North Sea Region (NSR) with the aim to identify if there are any patterns, or any noticeable gaps on the information presented by the interactive EV charge point tools. For each example of the charge point (station) map website, a review has been undertaken by visiting the charge point (station) map website and recording if the site contains the information, which is of key importance from an EV user perspective, for example an interactive map; any information on the charger power of the charge points (stations); the type of connection of the charge points (stations); the addresses of the charge points (stations) and further helpful details.

English through Climate Change [book review]

A rights-based approach for risk reduction in the Thai-Burmese border region

This paper/presentation reflects on the developing approaches to Disaster Risk Reduction via a ca... more This paper/presentation reflects on the developing approaches to Disaster Risk Reduction via a case study of the Thai-Burma border region, and concludes that governance is essntial, coupled with both transparancy and cultural awareness and sensitivity. Rights are conceived of as BOTH collective/ communal and individual, and this cannot be traded off against each other, but will create conflicts.

SEEV4City INTERIM 'Summary of the State of the Art' report

This report summarizes the state-of-the-art on plug-in and full battery electric vehicles (EVs), ... more This report summarizes the state-of-the-art on plug-in and full battery electric vehicles (EVs), smart charging and vehicle to grid (V2G) charging. This is in relation to the technology development, the role of EVs in CO2 reduction, their impact on the energy system as a whole, plus potential business models, services and policies to further promote the use of EV smart charging and V2G, relevant to the SEEV4-City project.

Climate dynamics [book review]

Final report-Oslo Operational Pilot

Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material inf... more Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please contact the library: https://www.amsterdamuas.com/library/contact/questions, or send a letter to: University Library (Library of the University of Amsterdam and Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences), Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.

Meaningful Transfer: Tech-Knowlogical Interdependencies in the Digital Built Environment

Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, 2021

This paper engages with ideas of tacit and explicit knowledge, how it is created, transferred, an... more This paper engages with ideas of tacit and explicit knowledge, how it is created, transferred, and ultimately translated in contemporary discourses of the digital built environment. The aim is to open a more critical and original dialogue in the digital built environment by (a) interrogating digital innovation as it strives to utilise relatively distilled information to enhance the sustainable design, construction and operation of the built environment and wider urban areas, (b) representing the rights of those whose knowledge is created and transferred in the digital built environment and (c) by further understanding the context of knowledge creation, and thus maximising its potential for scaling up sustainability objectives. The paper considers the conceptual and methodological tools that may help to focus more novel analysis of knowledge production and transfer in the digital built environment. The paper considers three conceptual positions that have hitherto been considered eith...

Attributes of embodied leadership: A beginning in the next chapter of leadership development

Human Systems Management, 2015

Research and guidance on leadership behaviour has been documented throughout history, from the ep... more Research and guidance on leadership behaviour has been documented throughout history, from the epics to more recent leadership theories, evolved over the last century. However, despite ample research and practice, leadership failures continue in being typical. A review of literature in leadership studies reveals that recommendations have often been descriptive, assumptive and prescriptive without considering various individual differences. Additionally, leadership development often utilises methodologies in which individuals are trained to ‘act’ as leaders rather than fully embody leadership behaviour. This paper explores the generic attributes that describe embodied leadership behaviour. Semi-structured interviews were performed on a panel of individuals from different backgrounds and analysed using a grounded theory approach. Along with the interviews, the works of Scharmer (2008) and behavioural traits identified in leadership by Derue, Nahrgang, Wellman and Humphrey (2011) were ...

Framing Electric Mobility for Urban Sustainability in a Circular Economy Context: An Overview of the Literature

Sustainability

The development of electro-mobility is one of the centerpieces of European country attempts to re... more The development of electro-mobility is one of the centerpieces of European country attempts to reduce carbon emissions and increase the quality of life in cities. The goals of reducing emissions from the transport sector and phasing out fossil-fueled vehicles in (urban) transport by 2050 present unrivaled opportunities to foster electro-mobility. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature and provides a detailed analysis of the current development of electro-mobility in Europe, assessing social, economic, and environmental aspects under a circular economy (CE) context. It also examines the existing challenges and suggests ways of addressing them towards improving the environmental performance of electro-mobility and the urban quality of life. The paper argues that a narrow technology-only agenda in electro-mobility will be less successful without the imperative of the CE, including not just materials and resources but also energy, to unlock the medium-term co-benef...

Das Große Sterben. 100 Jahre Erster Weltkrieg – Spurensuche an Kriegs- und Gedenkorten in Belgien

Im August 2014 jährt sich der Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkrieges (1914-1918) zum 100. Mal. Im Sommer... more Im August 2014 jährt sich der Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkrieges (1914-1918) zum 100. Mal. Im Sommer 1914 entfesselte Europa einen unfassbar grausamen, erstmals global ausgetragenen Konflikt mit Folgen, die unsere Gegenwart bis heute prägen. Was uns Deutschen allerdings häufig wenig bewusst ist und bei unseren Nachbarn in Europa für Irritationen sorgen kann: In Deutschland scheinen die Millionen toten Soldaten und Zivilisten des Krieges von 1914-1918 nahezu vergessen zu sein. Das Gedenken steht hier ganz im Schatten des Zweiten Weltkriegs. Der Große Krieg, wie Belgier, Briten und Franzosen noch heute den Ersten Weltkrieg nennen, ist dagegen im kollektiven Gedächtnis unserer (west-)europäischen Nachbarn und anderer Nationen wie Australien, Neuseeland oder Kanada tief verankert. Wie können wir daher heute für die Dimensionen dieser "Urkatastrophe des 20. Jahrhunderts" (George F. Kennan) und die Spuren, die sie bis heute hinterlassen hat, sensibilisieren? Wie können wir dazu bei...

Electric vehicle Carbon footprint reduction via intelligent charging strategies

2019 8th International Conference on Modern Power Systems (MPS)

In recent years, electric vehicles (EVs) are seen as an effective solution to the arising environ... more In recent years, electric vehicles (EVs) are seen as an effective solution to the arising environmental and sustainability concerns related to the transportation sector. As opposed to conventional vehicles, EVs do not entail tailpipe emission of CO2 and other ambient air pollutants and require lower operational cost. However, the benefits that EVs can bring highly depend on their charging strategy. Moreover, the ever-increasing deployment of EVs on a global scale, and their uncontrolled charging (currently predominant) requirements, can cause significant burden for national grids and local distribution networks. The solutions EV could bring depend on the adopted charging strategies, i.e. dump charging, smart charging or V2G. This paper compares various EV charging strategies at the UK national level in perspective to 2030 and 2040 targets. This study clearly shows the benefits EVs could bring if their charging is intelligently controlled, resulting in a more positive impact on electricity distribution grids, a higher integration of renewable energy sources (RES) and lower CO2 emissions.

Business Models for Vehicle to Grid (V2G)

The variable nature of renewable energy has consequences for electricity supply control and manag... more The variable nature of renewable energy has consequences for electricity supply control and management. The control of the electricity grid in most European countries is premised on the ready availability of high energy density fossil fuels, use of which for electricity production (including for electrified transport) leads to adverse environmental impacts. There is progress in using renewable energy sources for electricity generation but they are low density and variable with implications for grid control and management. A projected rise in the use of Electric Vehicles (EVs) produces considerable interest in the impact on grid control, and using the energy storage capacity of EVs as a means for helping with grid management. The EV battery can provide a important service to the grid by providing storage to enable both import and export of power from/to the grid, termed Vehicle to Grid (V2G). Other methods of regulating the intermittent nature of renewables are to use (in addition) s...

The Effect of Cycling on the State of Health of the Electric Vehicle Battery

Abstract-This paper provides an analysis of the experimental results available for lithium ion ba... more Abstract-This paper provides an analysis of the experimental results available for lithium ion battery degradation which has been used to create a model of the effect of the identified parameters on the ageing of an EV battery. The parameters affecting degradation are generally accepted to be; state of charge, depth of discharge, charging rate and battery temperature. Values for each of these parameters have been found for three versions of a typical daily cycling scenario; uncontrolled charging, delayed charging and V2G. A comparison is made of the expected overall degradation using four different charging rates and different charging patterns based on the model. A link is made between the charging patterns and the effect on the power flow at the transformer of a typical section of LV network using a ADMD profile. The analysis shows that delayed charging and V2G slow down the rate of battery degradation. However, fast charging appears to accelerate battery degradation. Delayed char...

Policy strategies for an emergent technology: lessons from the analysis of EV-policy in 8 North- European countries

World Electric Vehicle Journal, Dec 28, 2015

This paper presents data from a comparative study of EV-policies in 8 different North-European co... more This paper presents data from a comparative study of EV-policies in 8 different North-European countries, that maps out all of the policies of these countries (and a range of regions and cities) that target passenger vehicles (PHEV and BEV), chargers (home, private, public; level 1-3), and policies that target the emobility ecosystem or supporting network, in time-period 2012-2014. The main findings are that 1) there is wide variance of policies put out by the different countries, 2) these policies are hardly part of a coherent policy-strategy, and 3) mainly address the introduction of e-mobility as an issue of "piling up" enough incentives to overcome early market problems (e.g. high costs, reticent customers, slow adaptation of regulation). Most countries we studied were able to meet short-term policy-ambitions, and some have even surpassed those ambitions; Netherlands and Norway for instance are ahead of their targets, both in numbers of vehicles and chargers. However, if we compare the currently applied policies to the medium-and longer term ambitions, these policies are hardly viable. Therefore, argue for alternative policy strategies that do not "pile up" incentives, but look at "mixes" of policies that instigate a self-reinforcing loop in the adoption to EV's.

Living Geography: 8 ways fieldwork - evolution & evalutation

Within the context of the Geographical Association's "Living Geography" initiative,... more Within the context of the Geographical Association's "Living Geography" initiative, this presentation sets out the approach, experiences and lessons drawn for a national pliot on an "8 Way Thinking" approach to studying a changin locality within Newcastle upon Tyne - the (Lower) Ouseburn (Valley) area. This project was undertaken with secondary and primary PGCE students / trainee teachers from Newcastle and Northumbria Universities, as well as ITE students in primary geography from Northumbria and first year undergraduate students in Human Geography and Geography & Sport at Northumbria University, and explores both the potential, limitations, and future direction of this approach.

Earth is Our Business: changing the rules of the game [Book review]

Podcasting in geography and the social sciences: a guide to podcasting with Audacity

Kemp, J., Kotter, R., Mellor, A. and Oosthoek, JW (2009) 'Podcasting in geography and the so... more

E-Mobility in Europe. Trends and Good Practice

Focusing on technical, policy and social/societal practices and innovations for electrified trans... more Focusing on technical, policy and social/societal practices and innovations for electrified transport for personal, public and freight purposes, this book provides a state-of-the-art overview of developments in e-mobility in Europe and the West Coast of the USA. It serves as a learning base for further implementing and commercially developing this field for the benefit of society, the environment and public health, as well as for economic development and private industry. A fast-growing, interdisciplinary sector, electric mobility links engineering, infrastructure, environment, transport and sustainable development. But despite the relevance of the topic, few publications have ever attempted to document or promote the wide range of electric mobility initiatives and projects taking place today. Addressing this need, this publication consists of case studies, reports on technological developments and examples of successful infrastructure installation in cities, which document current ...

Real-time electric mobility simulation in metropolitan areas. A case study: Newcastle-Gateshead

This paper discusses the potential of emerging digital representations of built environments coup... more This paper discusses the potential of emerging digital representations of built environments coupled with agent-based modelling (ABM). A new set of urban transportation data is provided as an input which is the electric vehicles (EVs) population of one of the UK metropolitan areas. The study is a part of a PhD research that focuses on investigating computer-aided software to develop a virtual route for electric mobility in the North Sea Region. An overview of agent-based simulation platforms is discussed. Electric mobility system has particular paradigms that differ from conventional urban transport systems; a comparison is presented followed by the recommended approach of integrating the two techniques (visualization and simulation). Finally, the architecture of agents’ algorithm within the EVs network is presented through a case study of virtual Newcastle-Gateshead model.

Conservation biology and applied bioarchaeology [book review]

A review of electric vehicle charge point map websites in the NSR: Interim report

This interim report is a review of the EV charge point (station) map websites in the North Sea Re... more This interim report is a review of the EV charge point (station) map websites in the North Sea Region (NSR) with the aim to identify if there are any patterns, or any noticeable gaps on the information presented by the interactive EV charge point tools. For each example of the charge point (station) map website, a review has been undertaken by visiting the charge point (station) map website and recording if the site contains the information, which is of key importance from an EV user perspective, for example an interactive map; any information on the charger power of the charge points (stations); the type of connection of the charge points (stations); the addresses of the charge points (stations) and further helpful details.

English through Climate Change [book review]

A rights-based approach for risk reduction in the Thai-Burmese border region

This paper/presentation reflects on the developing approaches to Disaster Risk Reduction via a ca... more This paper/presentation reflects on the developing approaches to Disaster Risk Reduction via a case study of the Thai-Burma border region, and concludes that governance is essntial, coupled with both transparancy and cultural awareness and sensitivity. Rights are conceived of as BOTH collective/ communal and individual, and this cannot be traded off against each other, but will create conflicts.

SEEV4City INTERIM 'Summary of the State of the Art' report

This report summarizes the state-of-the-art on plug-in and full battery electric vehicles (EVs), ... more This report summarizes the state-of-the-art on plug-in and full battery electric vehicles (EVs), smart charging and vehicle to grid (V2G) charging. This is in relation to the technology development, the role of EVs in CO2 reduction, their impact on the energy system as a whole, plus potential business models, services and policies to further promote the use of EV smart charging and V2G, relevant to the SEEV4-City project.

Climate dynamics [book review]

Landscape and Urban Planning Places of urban disorder? Exposing the hidden nature and values of an English private urban allotment landscape

by Veronica Barry and Richard Kotter

A B S T R A C T Increasing urbanisation is placing significant development pressure upon our urba... more A B S T R A C T Increasing urbanisation is placing significant development pressure upon our urban spaces and green infrastructure. Allotments have strong cultural roots in the urban domain with emerging evidence of multiple health and quality of life benefits associated with their existence, use and management. However, they represent a remnant landscape; out of order and unproductive according to conventional economic and market assessments of urban land use. Consequently, allotments represent highly contested spaces; as opportunity spaces for redevelopment to meet housing demands or as growing spaces for escape and socialisation. This paper employs a phenomenological approach to explore the values and perceptions of plotholders, residents, planning managers and allotment bodies relating to one privately owned allotment site in Dudley, West Midlands, UK. Our focus on private allotments fills an important research (lack of information on ownership and spatial extent) and policy (treated differently to public allotments as open space in planning policy) gap. Semi-structured interviews reveal that the allotment site is valued by plotholders and nearby residents on a wide range of ecosystem services and community benefits with only minor concerns evident about modern allotment infrastructure and bonfires. This positive picture reflected strong local governance and community relationships. However, there was a misunderstanding among residents that this private allotment had the same level of protection as a municipal site. It is recommended that planning policy treats both municipal and private sites equally and that more research is conducted on the ownership, distribution and governance of private allotment sites given their importance a in urban planning and placemaking.