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M. Tariq Iqbal

Memorial University of Newfoundland, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty Member

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I completed my B.Sc.(EE) at University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore in 1986, my M.Sc. Nuclear Engineering at CNS, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad in 1988 and my Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering at Imperial College London in 1994. From 1988 to 1991 and again from 1995 to 1999, I worked at Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad. From 1999 to 2000, I worked as an Associate Professor at Riphah International University. Since 2001, I am working at Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland. I teach many electrical engineering courses e.g. electrical engineering design, process control and instrumentation, renewable energy systems, filters synthesis. Currently, my research focuses on modeling and control of hybrid renewable energy systems and I have strong interest in consumer electronics and instrumentation.
Address: https://www.engr.mun.ca/~tariq/

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Papers by M. Tariq Iqbal

A comparative study of the reliability of the power electronics in grid connected small wind turbine systems

2009 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2009

This work presents a reliability analysis of the Power Conditioning System (PCS) for both the Per... more This work presents a reliability analysis of the Power Conditioning System (PCS) for both the Permanent Magnet Generator (PMG) and Wound Rotor Induction Generator (WRIG)-based small wind turbine generation systems. The PCS for grid connection of the PMG-based system requires a rectifier, boost converter and a grid-tie inverter, while the WRIG-based system employs a rectifier, a chopper and an external resistor in the rotor side with the stator directly connected to the grid. Reliability of the PCS is analyzed for the worst case scenario of maximum conversion losses at a predetermined wind speed. The analysis reveals that the Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) of the PCS of a WRIG-based small wind turbine is much higher than the MTBF of the PCS of a PMG-based small wind turbine. The investigation is extended to identify the least reliable component within the PCS for both systems. It is shown that the inverter has the dominant effect on the system reliability for the PMG-based system, while the rectifier is the least reliable for the WRIG-based system. This research indicates that the WRIG-based small wind turbine with a simple PCS is a much better option for small wind energy conversion system.

Critical Parameters in the Transient Response of Synchronous Buck Converters

2007 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2007

The transient behavior of synchronous buck converters, using critical parameters, is investigated... more The transient behavior of synchronous buck converters, using critical parameters, is investigated in this work under high current slew-rate load transients. Critical parameters are defined as the combination of parameters for which the peak transient response is dominated by the effect of the capacitor Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR). Given the importance of the effect of ESR in low-voltage, high- current

A Technology Review and Simulation Based Performance Analysis of River Current Turbine Systems

2006 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2006

... In contrast, River Current Turbines (RCT), interchangab-ley called hydrokinetic turbines, can... more

Efficiency comparison of two possible grid connected small wind turbine systems

2010 IEEE Electrical Power & Energy Conference, 2010

This paper presents expected efficiency studies on two possible grid connected small wind turbine... more This paper presents expected efficiency studies on two possible grid connected small wind turbine systems. One of the systems is based on Permanent Magnet Generator (PMG) and the other system is based on Wound Rotor Induction Generator (WRIG). Experimental test benches for both systems are implemented using Wind Turbine Emulator (WTE) and Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control strategy. The

Modeling and control of a small wind turbine

Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2005.

This paper starts with a detailed survey of control methods commonly employed by commercially ava... more This paper starts with a detailed survey of control methods commonly employed by commercially available small wind turbines. This detailed survey indicates that the most commonly used control method of small wind turbines is horizontal furling method. Such furling mechanism and resulting dynamics are described in the paper. Furling is used to control the aerodynamic power extraction from the wind. A dynamic model of a small wind turbine with furling dynamics is presented in this paper. Such small wind turbines are based on permanent magnet generators and their speed can be regulated using the load control. The extraction of maximum power output from such wind turbines is investigated using tip speed ratio control and hill-climbing control methods. The system is simulated in Matlab/Simulink to determine a suitable control strategy. Two dynamic controllers are designed and simulated. In the first method, a controller uses the wind speed and rotor speed information and controls the load in order to operate the wind turbine at the optimum tip speed ratio. The generator output is observed in varying wind condition as the furl angle increases and decreases. In the second method, a controller compares the output power of the turbine with the previous power and based on the comparison it controls the load. Using a hill-climbing algorithm the controller tries to extract the maximum power from the wind, while the generator output is observed as the furl angle increase or decreases. Finally, the output of these two controllers is compared and investigated to determine which controller leads to the best results.

Open Source SCADA System for Hybrid Power System for Francois, NL

A hybrid power system needs monitoring and measuring the power system parameters using a data log... more A hybrid power system needs monitoring and measuring the power system parameters using a data logger. In this paper, a low-cost, open-source Arduino-based data logger is designed. The formation of voltage and current of the solardiesel generator, along with the battery storage system that the proposed data logger records, will be analyzed and determined. The open-source platform and remote terminal unit will display the result. The design can illustrate how much energy Francois uses, and how much energy is produced by various sources.

System Monitoring and Data logging using PLX-DAQ for Solar-Powered Oil Well Pumping

Solar-powered systems require real-time monitoring because the rapid environmental change affects... more Solar-powered systems require real-time monitoring because the rapid environmental change affects the system with no specifics when such occurrences will happen. The systems rely solely on the amount of solar irradiance, which can affect the overall working performance. This paper introduces cost-effective instrumentation and measurement of the entire solar system essential for remote areas. The instrumentation method described in this paper offers a low-cost method for real-time monitoring of the voltage of the battery bank, current from the PV, AC from the converter and oil well control. An Arduino board serves as the foundation for the system design. A low-cost current, voltage and float switch sensors are used for the acquisition, and data are presented in Excel using the PLX-DAQ data acquisition Excel Macro, which enables the communication between the Arduino U.N.O. board's ATMega328 microcontroller and the computer via the UART bus.

Monitoring System for a Hybrid Photovoltaic-Diesel Power System: Web-Based SCADA Approach

This paper presents a low-cost open-source web-based SCADA monitoring system that will provide a ... more This paper presents a low-cost open-source web-based SCADA monitoring system that will provide a new application of real-time instrumentation for monitoring a hybrid photovoltaic-diesel power system. The system's purpose is to monitor parameters such as the voltage and current of the AC and DC buses. A cheap Arduino acquisition board is the foundation for the system design, as documentation of the board is widely available. Data are displayed through a local host Node-Red and web real-time database system, and the acquisition is accomplished using a reasonably priced current and voltage sensors. To improve the stability and operability of the newly constructed monitoring system, a secure and cost-effective internet connection has been created between external clients and the primary network webserver. Amazon web server is configured to allow access to remote clients when credentials and certificates are verified. The proposed system shows its ability to acquire real-time data by monitoring the hybrid system and storing the data in the client database for future access. Since the proposed system is less costly and time-consuming, and can assimilate and record data more easily, it can readily replace human intervention to avoid errors associated with multimeters' readings. Eventually, analyzing such data, will lead to enhance both the performance and operational efficiency of the monitored hybrid power system.

Design and Analysis of a Hybrid Power System for McCallum, NL, Canada

by M. Tariq Iqbal and Mrinmoy Kundu

Although solar power plants have several advantages over conventional power generation methods, t... more Although solar power plants have several advantages over conventional power generation methods, the main issue is the need for land, which is used for agriculture globally, as well as the expense. With the help of a floating solar photovoltaic (FSPV) system, the problem of land constraints can be solved. FSPV can be put in any water section, which will boost generation by utilizing the cooling impact of water while also lowering the cost of the land. In this research, an on-grid FSPV system is designed and analyzed for McCallum, NL, Canada. The designed system can reduce remote site diesel consumption by 70%.

Blockchain-Based Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading System Using Open-Source Angular Framework and Hypertext Transfer Protocol

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

Design and simulation of a hybrid power system for St. Lewis in Labrador

St. Lewis is one of the isolated communities situated in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL). The east... more St. Lewis is one of the isolated communities situated in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL). The easternmost province of Canada includes over seven thousand small islands with scattered populations. It brings various challenges to the electricity power supply companies, such as power outages and long resumption times due to the remote locations. Currently, three sets of diesel generators are supplying the electricity. The site is vulnerable to power outages if there is any malfunction of the generators or failure of the fuel supply through the trucks. Introducing an alternative energy source to the community can increase energy security and ensure livelihood for the residents. By utilization of the renewable energy, Greenhouse Gas Emission of rural communities can be largely reduced. This research aims to demonstrate St. Lewis as the epitome of hybrid renewable energy systems among those remote communities and the feasibility of alternative energy solutions for those communities.

Solar Powered Pump for a Remote Oil Well in Nigeria

by M. Tariq Iqbal and Onyinyechukwu Amarachukwu Chidolue

Most times, stripper oil wells, i.e. well with a production rate below 15 barrels of oil per day,... more Most times, stripper oil wells, i.e. well with a production rate below 15 barrels of oil per day, are dumped by the oil production company because the cost of production and maintenance does not tally with the production rate. This low production from these oil wells is primarily due to oil spillage. Oloibiri oil well in Nigeria is an example of such failure; due to the diminishing production rate in 1960, the oil well became abandoned with an initial oil production rate of 5,100 barrels per day. Eighteen drilled wells are in the Oloibiri oil site, and oil well 17 is only the well that can be described as a stripper well. Due to the high solar irradiance and solar insolation in Nigeria, the PV system is implemented into the methodology and a design of a solarpowered pump that should lift the oil from the depth of 3800m with a flow rate of 15 barrels of oil per day. The system design will be calculated, compared with the PVsyst and HOMER sizing, and the pump performance will be evaluated

Instrumentation and Control Design for a Solar Powered Reverse Osmosis Desalination System for a Community in Pakistan

Accessibility of fresh water is the biggest challenge of today's world. In order to meet the incr... more Accessibility of fresh water is the biggest challenge of today's world. In order to meet the increasing demand of clean water without impacting the environment renewable energy needs to be integrated with reverse osmosis (RO) system to provide a clean drinking water system. This paper provides system design which includes selection of renewable energy system, reverse osmosis system and control system that can be integrated together to form a complete clean drinking water system. This paper further provides an elaborative instrumentation system design system that will fulfill the needs of water for a community in Pakistan. Furthermore, control system strategy is discussed to ensure that all process parameters are measured that will enable the system to work at its required capacity. Lastly, the hardware prototype setup designed in the lab is discussed to measure process parameters and ensure the system is fulfilling the operational and control requirements.

Design of a Solar Water Pumping System for Sukkur, Pakistan

Pakistan is an agricultural country, and agriculture contributes 18.7 % of the total GDP. To meet... more Pakistan is an agricultural country, and agriculture contributes 18.7 % of the total GDP. To meet the needs of crops, diesel engines are widely used for water pumping. The rising price of diesel, along with carbon emissions, is producing economic as well as environmental complications. To overcome these issues, the economic feasibility of one experimental setup has been studied in this paper for a site in Sukkur Pakistan. To carry out the optimal analysis of the PV system for the fulfilment of electrical requirements, the NREL tool HOMER Pro is used. After feeding the site data, load details, and market prices, it used a complex algorithm to calculate the sizing results of a PV system. The finding indicates that designed PV system can meet the demand of solar water pumping irrigation system and the system has a life span of 25 years. The results indicate that the designed system is low-cost, eco-friendly solution for that site.

Sizing and dynamic modeling a Hybrid Renewable Power System for Paradise River, NL, Canada

In this study, a hybrid renewable energy system is designed, scaled, and modeled for a remote tow... more In this study, a hybrid renewable energy system is designed, scaled, and modeled for a remote town called Paradise River, located in the north of Labrador, Canada, to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and provide cheap and sustainable energy. The site's annual power consumption has been obtained by contacting related organizations. The system is sized, and the configuration is designed using the Homer Pro software, importing the available data and choosing suitable components. The cost of energy (COE) and net present cost (NPC) are $0.38 and $753,420(in CAD), respectively, according to the Homer Pro findings. The system's dynamic model is created in MATLAB Simulink at the conclusion of this research, and the simulation results are included and discussed in this paper.

Design and simulation of a hybrid energy system for Ramea Island, Newfoundland

by M. Tariq Iqbal, Siddhanth Kotian, Abdul Azeez, and Afreen Maliat

Renewable energy systems are widespread due to declining costs and rising efficiency. This resear... more Renewable energy systems are widespread due to declining costs and rising efficiency. This research examines the design, optimal sizing, and control of a Hybrid Power system to replace the current wind-diesel system of Ramea Island. The wind turbines of the current system are now not operational. It also has a hydrogen-based storage system and generator that is not operational. In this research, we proposed a new storage system model for the Island. The proposed Hybrid energy system, includes Solar powered PV, Wind turbines, Battery storage, and a Diesel generator. The target system is analyzed in different applications like RETScreen, REopt, and Homer Pro. MATLAB Simulink is used for dynamic modeling of the proposed system design. All the components are designed and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. Design and simulation results are included in this paper.

Design and analysis of a hybrid power system for Francois, NL

This article presents a Hybrid Power System (HPS) for a remote location; the hybrid power system ... more This article presents a Hybrid Power System (HPS) for a remote location; the hybrid power system includes a solar PV system-Diesel Generator-Battery system for Francois, a remote community located on the southern coast of Newfoundland, Canada. This district has a significantly less population. Electricity demand is fulfilled by generating energy through fossil fuels, which is costly and threatens the climate. With the advancements in renewable energy technologies, it is more convenient to set up a hybrid system for remote locations to help decrease the energy distribution gap and provide the community with an efficient supply of electricity. The system sizing is carried out using the HOMER pro software. Longi solar panels, Volvo diesel generator, and Trojan SSIG Battery operated as Energy Storage System (ESS). The Net Present Cost (NPC) is $3599777, and the Cost of Energy (COE) is $0.2798 CAD, with more than 90% renewable penetration. The system dynamic modeling is created in MATLAB/Simulink. The findings show that the proposed model can accurately replicate the system's behavior in different scenarios:-standard operation settings, varying irradiance conditions, various load demand conditions, and different wind speed conditions. The system is supported by a battery and a diesel generator, and PV arrays supply the load with a fixed and steady voltage and frequency under all conditions.

Design and Analysis of Hybrid Power System for Grey River, NL

Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Solar Water Pumping With Hybrid Storage System

Due to the energy crisis and surge in the price of energy, using renewable energy sources has bec... more Due to the energy crisis and surge in the price of energy, using renewable energy sources has become a trend these days. Ironically, in many Middle East countries like Iran, they still use diesel generators to power their water pumps while they have a good potential for solar energy. In the authors' previous work, an optimum solar water pump with a hybrid storage system was proposed, and its feature were presented. Like any other feasible project, it is necessary to simulate the system to examine its stability and analyze system in details. To do so, in this paper, an exact system component model is implemented on Simulink, and the result of dynamic analysis are provided. It is shown that the water pump works properly in different circumstances, and it is a trustable system to substitute with traditional water pumping systems.

Direct Model Reference Adaptive Control of a Boost Converter for Voltage Regulation in Microgrids

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

A comparative study of the reliability of the power electronics in grid connected small wind turbine systems

2009 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2009

This work presents a reliability analysis of the Power Conditioning System (PCS) for both the Per... more This work presents a reliability analysis of the Power Conditioning System (PCS) for both the Permanent Magnet Generator (PMG) and Wound Rotor Induction Generator (WRIG)-based small wind turbine generation systems. The PCS for grid connection of the PMG-based system requires a rectifier, boost converter and a grid-tie inverter, while the WRIG-based system employs a rectifier, a chopper and an external resistor in the rotor side with the stator directly connected to the grid. Reliability of the PCS is analyzed for the worst case scenario of maximum conversion losses at a predetermined wind speed. The analysis reveals that the Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) of the PCS of a WRIG-based small wind turbine is much higher than the MTBF of the PCS of a PMG-based small wind turbine. The investigation is extended to identify the least reliable component within the PCS for both systems. It is shown that the inverter has the dominant effect on the system reliability for the PMG-based system, while the rectifier is the least reliable for the WRIG-based system. This research indicates that the WRIG-based small wind turbine with a simple PCS is a much better option for small wind energy conversion system.

Critical Parameters in the Transient Response of Synchronous Buck Converters

2007 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2007

The transient behavior of synchronous buck converters, using critical parameters, is investigated... more The transient behavior of synchronous buck converters, using critical parameters, is investigated in this work under high current slew-rate load transients. Critical parameters are defined as the combination of parameters for which the peak transient response is dominated by the effect of the capacitor Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR). Given the importance of the effect of ESR in low-voltage, high- current

A Technology Review and Simulation Based Performance Analysis of River Current Turbine Systems

2006 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2006

... In contrast, River Current Turbines (RCT), interchangab-ley called hydrokinetic turbines, can... more

Efficiency comparison of two possible grid connected small wind turbine systems

2010 IEEE Electrical Power & Energy Conference, 2010

This paper presents expected efficiency studies on two possible grid connected small wind turbine... more This paper presents expected efficiency studies on two possible grid connected small wind turbine systems. One of the systems is based on Permanent Magnet Generator (PMG) and the other system is based on Wound Rotor Induction Generator (WRIG). Experimental test benches for both systems are implemented using Wind Turbine Emulator (WTE) and Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control strategy. The

Modeling and control of a small wind turbine

Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2005.

This paper starts with a detailed survey of control methods commonly employed by commercially ava... more This paper starts with a detailed survey of control methods commonly employed by commercially available small wind turbines. This detailed survey indicates that the most commonly used control method of small wind turbines is horizontal furling method. Such furling mechanism and resulting dynamics are described in the paper. Furling is used to control the aerodynamic power extraction from the wind. A dynamic model of a small wind turbine with furling dynamics is presented in this paper. Such small wind turbines are based on permanent magnet generators and their speed can be regulated using the load control. The extraction of maximum power output from such wind turbines is investigated using tip speed ratio control and hill-climbing control methods. The system is simulated in Matlab/Simulink to determine a suitable control strategy. Two dynamic controllers are designed and simulated. In the first method, a controller uses the wind speed and rotor speed information and controls the load in order to operate the wind turbine at the optimum tip speed ratio. The generator output is observed in varying wind condition as the furl angle increases and decreases. In the second method, a controller compares the output power of the turbine with the previous power and based on the comparison it controls the load. Using a hill-climbing algorithm the controller tries to extract the maximum power from the wind, while the generator output is observed as the furl angle increase or decreases. Finally, the output of these two controllers is compared and investigated to determine which controller leads to the best results.

Open Source SCADA System for Hybrid Power System for Francois, NL

A hybrid power system needs monitoring and measuring the power system parameters using a data log... more A hybrid power system needs monitoring and measuring the power system parameters using a data logger. In this paper, a low-cost, open-source Arduino-based data logger is designed. The formation of voltage and current of the solardiesel generator, along with the battery storage system that the proposed data logger records, will be analyzed and determined. The open-source platform and remote terminal unit will display the result. The design can illustrate how much energy Francois uses, and how much energy is produced by various sources.

System Monitoring and Data logging using PLX-DAQ for Solar-Powered Oil Well Pumping

Solar-powered systems require real-time monitoring because the rapid environmental change affects... more Solar-powered systems require real-time monitoring because the rapid environmental change affects the system with no specifics when such occurrences will happen. The systems rely solely on the amount of solar irradiance, which can affect the overall working performance. This paper introduces cost-effective instrumentation and measurement of the entire solar system essential for remote areas. The instrumentation method described in this paper offers a low-cost method for real-time monitoring of the voltage of the battery bank, current from the PV, AC from the converter and oil well control. An Arduino board serves as the foundation for the system design. A low-cost current, voltage and float switch sensors are used for the acquisition, and data are presented in Excel using the PLX-DAQ data acquisition Excel Macro, which enables the communication between the Arduino U.N.O. board's ATMega328 microcontroller and the computer via the UART bus.

Monitoring System for a Hybrid Photovoltaic-Diesel Power System: Web-Based SCADA Approach

This paper presents a low-cost open-source web-based SCADA monitoring system that will provide a ... more This paper presents a low-cost open-source web-based SCADA monitoring system that will provide a new application of real-time instrumentation for monitoring a hybrid photovoltaic-diesel power system. The system's purpose is to monitor parameters such as the voltage and current of the AC and DC buses. A cheap Arduino acquisition board is the foundation for the system design, as documentation of the board is widely available. Data are displayed through a local host Node-Red and web real-time database system, and the acquisition is accomplished using a reasonably priced current and voltage sensors. To improve the stability and operability of the newly constructed monitoring system, a secure and cost-effective internet connection has been created between external clients and the primary network webserver. Amazon web server is configured to allow access to remote clients when credentials and certificates are verified. The proposed system shows its ability to acquire real-time data by monitoring the hybrid system and storing the data in the client database for future access. Since the proposed system is less costly and time-consuming, and can assimilate and record data more easily, it can readily replace human intervention to avoid errors associated with multimeters' readings. Eventually, analyzing such data, will lead to enhance both the performance and operational efficiency of the monitored hybrid power system.

Design and Analysis of a Hybrid Power System for McCallum, NL, Canada

by M. Tariq Iqbal and Mrinmoy Kundu

Although solar power plants have several advantages over conventional power generation methods, t... more Although solar power plants have several advantages over conventional power generation methods, the main issue is the need for land, which is used for agriculture globally, as well as the expense. With the help of a floating solar photovoltaic (FSPV) system, the problem of land constraints can be solved. FSPV can be put in any water section, which will boost generation by utilizing the cooling impact of water while also lowering the cost of the land. In this research, an on-grid FSPV system is designed and analyzed for McCallum, NL, Canada. The designed system can reduce remote site diesel consumption by 70%.

Blockchain-Based Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading System Using Open-Source Angular Framework and Hypertext Transfer Protocol

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

Design and simulation of a hybrid power system for St. Lewis in Labrador

St. Lewis is one of the isolated communities situated in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL). The east... more St. Lewis is one of the isolated communities situated in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL). The easternmost province of Canada includes over seven thousand small islands with scattered populations. It brings various challenges to the electricity power supply companies, such as power outages and long resumption times due to the remote locations. Currently, three sets of diesel generators are supplying the electricity. The site is vulnerable to power outages if there is any malfunction of the generators or failure of the fuel supply through the trucks. Introducing an alternative energy source to the community can increase energy security and ensure livelihood for the residents. By utilization of the renewable energy, Greenhouse Gas Emission of rural communities can be largely reduced. This research aims to demonstrate St. Lewis as the epitome of hybrid renewable energy systems among those remote communities and the feasibility of alternative energy solutions for those communities.

Solar Powered Pump for a Remote Oil Well in Nigeria

by M. Tariq Iqbal and Onyinyechukwu Amarachukwu Chidolue

Most times, stripper oil wells, i.e. well with a production rate below 15 barrels of oil per day,... more Most times, stripper oil wells, i.e. well with a production rate below 15 barrels of oil per day, are dumped by the oil production company because the cost of production and maintenance does not tally with the production rate. This low production from these oil wells is primarily due to oil spillage. Oloibiri oil well in Nigeria is an example of such failure; due to the diminishing production rate in 1960, the oil well became abandoned with an initial oil production rate of 5,100 barrels per day. Eighteen drilled wells are in the Oloibiri oil site, and oil well 17 is only the well that can be described as a stripper well. Due to the high solar irradiance and solar insolation in Nigeria, the PV system is implemented into the methodology and a design of a solarpowered pump that should lift the oil from the depth of 3800m with a flow rate of 15 barrels of oil per day. The system design will be calculated, compared with the PVsyst and HOMER sizing, and the pump performance will be evaluated

Instrumentation and Control Design for a Solar Powered Reverse Osmosis Desalination System for a Community in Pakistan

Accessibility of fresh water is the biggest challenge of today's world. In order to meet the incr... more Accessibility of fresh water is the biggest challenge of today's world. In order to meet the increasing demand of clean water without impacting the environment renewable energy needs to be integrated with reverse osmosis (RO) system to provide a clean drinking water system. This paper provides system design which includes selection of renewable energy system, reverse osmosis system and control system that can be integrated together to form a complete clean drinking water system. This paper further provides an elaborative instrumentation system design system that will fulfill the needs of water for a community in Pakistan. Furthermore, control system strategy is discussed to ensure that all process parameters are measured that will enable the system to work at its required capacity. Lastly, the hardware prototype setup designed in the lab is discussed to measure process parameters and ensure the system is fulfilling the operational and control requirements.

Design of a Solar Water Pumping System for Sukkur, Pakistan

Pakistan is an agricultural country, and agriculture contributes 18.7 % of the total GDP. To meet... more Pakistan is an agricultural country, and agriculture contributes 18.7 % of the total GDP. To meet the needs of crops, diesel engines are widely used for water pumping. The rising price of diesel, along with carbon emissions, is producing economic as well as environmental complications. To overcome these issues, the economic feasibility of one experimental setup has been studied in this paper for a site in Sukkur Pakistan. To carry out the optimal analysis of the PV system for the fulfilment of electrical requirements, the NREL tool HOMER Pro is used. After feeding the site data, load details, and market prices, it used a complex algorithm to calculate the sizing results of a PV system. The finding indicates that designed PV system can meet the demand of solar water pumping irrigation system and the system has a life span of 25 years. The results indicate that the designed system is low-cost, eco-friendly solution for that site.

Sizing and dynamic modeling a Hybrid Renewable Power System for Paradise River, NL, Canada

In this study, a hybrid renewable energy system is designed, scaled, and modeled for a remote tow... more In this study, a hybrid renewable energy system is designed, scaled, and modeled for a remote town called Paradise River, located in the north of Labrador, Canada, to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and provide cheap and sustainable energy. The site's annual power consumption has been obtained by contacting related organizations. The system is sized, and the configuration is designed using the Homer Pro software, importing the available data and choosing suitable components. The cost of energy (COE) and net present cost (NPC) are $0.38 and $753,420(in CAD), respectively, according to the Homer Pro findings. The system's dynamic model is created in MATLAB Simulink at the conclusion of this research, and the simulation results are included and discussed in this paper.

Design and simulation of a hybrid energy system for Ramea Island, Newfoundland

by M. Tariq Iqbal, Siddhanth Kotian, Abdul Azeez, and Afreen Maliat

Renewable energy systems are widespread due to declining costs and rising efficiency. This resear... more Renewable energy systems are widespread due to declining costs and rising efficiency. This research examines the design, optimal sizing, and control of a Hybrid Power system to replace the current wind-diesel system of Ramea Island. The wind turbines of the current system are now not operational. It also has a hydrogen-based storage system and generator that is not operational. In this research, we proposed a new storage system model for the Island. The proposed Hybrid energy system, includes Solar powered PV, Wind turbines, Battery storage, and a Diesel generator. The target system is analyzed in different applications like RETScreen, REopt, and Homer Pro. MATLAB Simulink is used for dynamic modeling of the proposed system design. All the components are designed and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. Design and simulation results are included in this paper.

Design and analysis of a hybrid power system for Francois, NL

This article presents a Hybrid Power System (HPS) for a remote location; the hybrid power system ... more This article presents a Hybrid Power System (HPS) for a remote location; the hybrid power system includes a solar PV system-Diesel Generator-Battery system for Francois, a remote community located on the southern coast of Newfoundland, Canada. This district has a significantly less population. Electricity demand is fulfilled by generating energy through fossil fuels, which is costly and threatens the climate. With the advancements in renewable energy technologies, it is more convenient to set up a hybrid system for remote locations to help decrease the energy distribution gap and provide the community with an efficient supply of electricity. The system sizing is carried out using the HOMER pro software. Longi solar panels, Volvo diesel generator, and Trojan SSIG Battery operated as Energy Storage System (ESS). The Net Present Cost (NPC) is $3599777, and the Cost of Energy (COE) is $0.2798 CAD, with more than 90% renewable penetration. The system dynamic modeling is created in MATLAB/Simulink. The findings show that the proposed model can accurately replicate the system's behavior in different scenarios:-standard operation settings, varying irradiance conditions, various load demand conditions, and different wind speed conditions. The system is supported by a battery and a diesel generator, and PV arrays supply the load with a fixed and steady voltage and frequency under all conditions.

Design and Analysis of Hybrid Power System for Grey River, NL

Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Solar Water Pumping With Hybrid Storage System

Due to the energy crisis and surge in the price of energy, using renewable energy sources has bec... more Due to the energy crisis and surge in the price of energy, using renewable energy sources has become a trend these days. Ironically, in many Middle East countries like Iran, they still use diesel generators to power their water pumps while they have a good potential for solar energy. In the authors' previous work, an optimum solar water pump with a hybrid storage system was proposed, and its feature were presented. Like any other feasible project, it is necessary to simulate the system to examine its stability and analyze system in details. To do so, in this paper, an exact system component model is implemented on Simulink, and the result of dynamic analysis are provided. It is shown that the water pump works properly in different circumstances, and it is a trustable system to substitute with traditional water pumping systems.

Direct Model Reference Adaptive Control of a Boost Converter for Voltage Regulation in Microgrids

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Solar Water Pumping With Hybrid Storage System

by M. Tariq Iqbal and Amirhossein Jahanfar

Due to the energy crisis and surge in the price of energy, using renewable energy sources has bec... more Due to the energy crisis and surge in the price of energy, using renewable energy sources has become a trend these days. Ironically, in many Middle East countries like Iran, they still use diesel generators to power their water pumps while they have a good potential for solar energy. In the authors' previous work, an optimum solar water pump with a hybrid storage system was proposed, and its feature were presented. Like any other feasible project, it is necessary to simulate the system to examine its stability and analyze system in details. To do so, in this paper, an exact system component model is implemented on Simulink, and the result of dynamic analysis are provided. It is shown that the water pump works properly in different circumstances, and it is a trustable system to substitute with traditional water pumping systems.

Design and Analysis of Hybrid Power System for Grey River, NL

This paper investigates the Hybrid Power generation system that includes Diesel generators and PV... more This paper investigates the Hybrid Power generation
system that includes Diesel generators and PV panels in Grey
River, Newfoundland. This paper provides system architecture,
sizing, modeling, and simulation. To create the most economical
and reliable system design, this research also employs the
optimization feature of the HOMER Pro program. HOMER Pro
Software was used for the steady-state analysis, while MATLAB
Simulink was used to represent the hybrid system for the dynamic
simulations. Finally, the stability and power output of the system
is analyzed with a variation of load. Simulation results and
complete system details are included in the paper.

Design and analysis of a hybrid power system for Francois, NL

This article presents a Hybrid Power System (HPS) for a remote location; the hybrid power system ... more This article presents a Hybrid Power System (HPS) for a remote location; the hybrid power system includes a solar PV system-Diesel Generator-Battery system for Francois, a remote community located on the southern coast of Newfoundland, Canada. This district has a significantly less population. Electricity demand is fulfilled by generating energy through fossil fuels, which is costly and threatens the climate. With the advancements in renewable energy technologies, it is more convenient to set up a hybrid system for remote locations to help decrease the energy distribution gap and provide the community with an efficient supply of electricity. The system sizing is carried out using the HOMER pro software. Longi solar panels, Volvo diesel generator, and Trojan SSIG Battery operated as Energy Storage System (ESS). The Net Present Cost (NPC) is $3599777, and the Cost of Energy (COE) is $0.2798 CAD, with more than 90% renewable penetration. The system dynamic modeling is created in MATLAB/Simulink. The findings show that the proposed model can accurately replicate the system's behavior in different scenarios:-standard operation settings, varying irradiance conditions, various load demand conditions, and different wind speed conditions. The system is supported by a battery and a diesel generator, and PV arrays supply the load with a fixed and steady voltage and frequency under all conditions.

Design and simulation of a hybrid energy system for Ramea Island, Newfoundland

by M. Tariq Iqbal, Siddhanth Kotian, Abdul Azeez, and Afreen Maliat

Renewable energy systems are widespread due to declining costs and rising efficiency. This resear... more Renewable energy systems are widespread due to declining costs and rising efficiency. This research examines the design, optimal sizing, and control of a Hybrid Power system to replace the current wind-diesel system of Ramea Island. The wind turbines of the current system are now not operational. It also has a hydrogen-based storage system and generator that is not operational. In this research, we proposed a new storage system model for the Island. The proposed Hybrid energy system, includes Solar powered PV, Wind turbines, Battery storage, and a Diesel generator. The target system is analyzed in different applications like RETScreen, REopt, and Homer Pro. MATLAB Simulink is used for dynamic modeling of the proposed system design. All the components are designed and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. Design and simulation results are included in this paper.

Sizing and dynamic modeling a Hybrid Renewable Power System for Paradise River, NL, Canada

In this study, a hybrid renewable energy system is designed, scaled, and modeled for a remote tow... more In this study, a hybrid renewable energy system is designed, scaled, and modeled for a remote town called Paradise River, located in the north of Labrador, Canada, to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and provide cheap and sustainable energy. The site's annual power consumption has been obtained by contacting related organizations. The system is sized, and the configuration is designed using the Homer Pro software, importing the available data and choosing suitable components. The cost of energy (COE) and net present cost (NPC) are $0.38 and $753,420(in CAD), respectively, according to the Homer Pro findings. The system's dynamic model is created in MATLAB Simulink at the conclusion of this research, and the simulation results are included and discussed in this paper.

Design of a Solar Water Pumping System for Sukkur, Pakistan

by M. Tariq Iqbal and Omair Ahmed

Pakistan is an agricultural country, and agriculture contributes 18.7 % of the total GDP. To meet... more Pakistan is an agricultural country, and agriculture contributes 18.7 % of the total GDP. To meet the needs of crops, diesel engines are widely used for water pumping. The rising price of diesel, along with carbon emissions, is producing economic as well as environmental complications. To overcome these issues, the economic feasibility of one experimental setup has been studied in this paper for a site in Sukkur Pakistan. To carry out the optimal analysis of the PV system for the fulfilment of electrical requirements, the NREL tool HOMER Pro is used. After feeding the site data, load details, and market prices, it used a complex algorithm to calculate the sizing results of a PV system. The finding indicates that designed PV system can meet the demand of solar water pumping irrigation system and the system has a life span of 25 years. The results indicate that the designed system is low-cost, eco-friendly solution for that site.

Instrumentation and Control Design for a Solar Powered Reverse Osmosis Desalination System for a Community in Pakistan

Accessibility of fresh water is the biggest challenge of today's world. In order to meet the incr... more Accessibility of fresh water is the biggest challenge of today's world. In order to meet the increasing demand of clean water without impacting the environment renewable energy needs to be integrated with reverse osmosis (RO) system to provide a clean drinking water system. This paper provides system design which includes selection of renewable energy system, reverse osmosis system and control system that can be integrated together to form a complete clean drinking water system. This paper further provides an elaborative instrumentation system design system that will fulfill the needs of water for a community in Pakistan. Furthermore, control system strategy is discussed to ensure that all process parameters are measured that will enable the system to work at its required capacity. Lastly, the hardware prototype setup designed in the lab is discussed to measure process parameters and ensure the system is fulfilling the operational and control requirements.

Solar Powered Pump for a Remote Oil Well in Nigeria

Most times, stripper oil wells, i.e. well with a production rate below 15 barrels of oil per day,... more Most times, stripper oil wells, i.e. well with a production rate below 15 barrels of oil per day, are dumped by the oil production company because the cost of production and maintenance does not tally with the production rate. This low production from these oil wells is primarily due to oil spillage. Oloibiri oil well in Nigeria is an example of such failure; due to the diminishing production rate in 1960, the oil well became abandoned with an initial oil production rate of 5,100 barrels per day. Eighteen drilled wells are in the Oloibiri oil site, and oil well 17 is only the well that can be described as a stripper well. Due to the high solar irradiance and solar insolation in Nigeria, the PV system is implemented into the methodology and a design of a solarpowered pump that should lift the oil from the depth of 3800m with a flow rate of 15 barrels of oil per day. The system design will be calculated, compared with the PVsyst and HOMER sizing, and the pump performance will be evaluated

Dynamic Simulation of an Off Grid Photovoltaic System with backup battery and generator for a Remote house in Nigeria

NECEC, 2021

This paper presents the simulation of an off grid Photovoltaic (PV) system with battery and gener... more This paper presents the simulation of an off grid Photovoltaic (PV) system with battery and generator backup for a house located in the remote areas of Edo State ,Nigeria. The case study is for a house with a peak load of 1.26kW and 3.4kWh daily energy consumption. The design was carried out using Homer Pro and simulation was performed in the Matlab Simulink software, the system is made up of 1.23kW PV comprised of 4 modules (325W, 2 in series, 2 in parallel), MPPT (maximum power point tracking), a DC-DC buck converter for stepping down the voltage, 4 batteries each of 12V, 350Ahr (48V, series connection), and a backup generator of 4.8kW. The system also incorporates a 1.6kW inverter which converts the output DC voltage from 48V to an equivalent AC. A step-up transformer connected directly to the inverter boosts the voltage from 48V AC to an output voltage of 220V AC for supply to the load. The dynamic simulation results and response to changing inputs are presented in this paper.

Design of a hybrid power system using Homer Pro and iHOGA

by M. Tariq Iqbal and Stephen Ogbikaya

NECEC, 2021

In this paper, a hybrid power system is designed for a house in St. John's. House located in Newf... more In this paper, a hybrid power system is designed for a house in St. John's. House located in Newfoundland is designed using the Energy 3D software and the annual energy (kWh) demand for the house is determined. The hybrid power system to meet this energy demand is designed and simulated using both Homer (Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Electric Renewables) Pro software and iHOGA (improved hybrid optimization genetic algorithm) software. Analysis reveals that for Homer Pro software, 95.8% (52,566kWh/yr) of the total annual energy is produced by the wind turbine and 4.2% (2,308kWh/yr) is produced by the solar cells. For the iHOGA software, 85.7% (8,188.6kWh/yr) of the total annual energy is produced by the wind turbine and 14.3% (1,361.6kWh/yr) is produced by the solar cells. Further analysis indicates that it more economical to design the hybrid power system in iHOGA software. However, irrespective of the software used in the system design, the energy generated for the isolated system is more than the energy demand of the house thus leaving excess electricity that can be sold to the grid system.

Design of Hybrid Electrical Power System for an Industrial Unit in Pakistan

NECEC, 2021

This paper is about the design of a solar power system for an industrial unit in Lahore Punjab, P... more This paper is about the design of a solar power system for an industrial unit in Lahore Punjab, Pakistan. A hybrid power system is designed in HOMER after collecting the site data and load profile The land requisition analysis has been done using the PVWatt software. The average load of consume is found to be 2485.6 kW and the peak load is 3257.7 kW. After the simulation, the system architecture is such that 8382 kW, ENN Solar Energy 480EST solar module-based array is required in a grid tied operation. For converting the DC to AC, 3119 kW Eaton Power Xpert inverter is needed. Overall, the initial cost of designed system is found to be $ 3080100.00. The proposed system reduces the cost of energy to $ 0.1020 per kWh, which provides good savings along with a renewable energy system. Design details and system simulation results are included in the paper.

Design and dynamic simulation of a wind turbine powered electric vehicle charging system

NECEC, 2021

These days, electric vehicles (EVs) are popular, and there is a need to increase the number of ch... more These days, electric vehicles (EVs) are popular, and there is a need to increase the number of charging stations for EVs. Newfoundland has considerable potential for wind energy to charge EVs. The design of such a system and its dynamics are described, and simulation results are provided in this paper.

Design and Simulation of a Solar Parking System to meet all Energy needs of 10 Electric Cars

Electric vehicles are a growing segment of the green transport industry and are helping reduce th... more Electric vehicles are a growing segment of the green transport industry and are helping reduce the carbon footprint of the global transport sector. However, EV adoption is slow due to the lack of charging infrastructure throughout the Newfoundland. We propose the design and control of a solar PV parking system that also serves as a charging station for 10 electric vehicles. The main source of power for our system would be solar PV and a battery bank for the storage of excess energy to be used during off-daylight hours. The sizing, design, and feasibility analysis of the system were performed in HOMER Pro. After that, the major components of the system were modeled in Simulink including PV, Battery, inverter, Load, and Controller. The solar charge controller utilized in our design used a DC-DC buck-boost converter running on the Perturbation and Observation (P&O) Algorithm. The system design details and simulation results are included in the paper.

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR THE REMOTE HYBRID POWER SYSTEM IN RAMEA, NEWFOUNDLAND

WESNET, 2011

Development of an Economical SCADA System for Solar Water Pumping in Iran

by Mohammad Zamanlou and M. Tariq Iqbal

2020 IEEE International IOT, Electronics and Mechatronics Conference (IEMTRONICS), 2020

In this paper, we developed a cost-effective SCADA system for a solar water pumping system in Ira... more In this paper, we developed a cost-effective SCADA system for a solar water pumping system in Iran. The SCADA is based on IoT versions and is comprised of a raspberry pi zero W, Arduino nano, camera, SIM 5320A 3G module, voltage, current, and light sensors. We used Node-RED to design a graphical user interface and published it securely to the worldwide internet. This allows a user to connect to the server via an IP address and monitor and control the system. The implementation of the project resulted in an open-source server and cost around CAD$ 162.38.

Open Source IoT-Based SCADA System for Remote Oil Facilities Using Node-RED and Arduino Microcontrollers

by Mohammad Zamanlou and M. Tariq Iqbal

2020 11th IEEE Annual Information Technology, Electronics and Mobile Communication Conference (IEMCON), 2020

An open source and low-cost Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System based on Node-RED and... more An open source and low-cost Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System based on Node-RED and Arduino microcontrollers is presented in this paper. The system is designed for monitoring, supervision, and remotely controlling motors and sensors deployed for oil and gas facilities. The Internet of Things (IoT) based SCADA system consists of a host computer on which a server is deployed using the Node-RED programming tool and two terminal units connected to it: Arduino Uno and Arduino Mega. The Arduino Uno collects and communicates the data acquired from the temperature, flowrate, and water level sensors to the Node-Red on the computer through the serial port. It also uses a local liquid crystal display (LCD) to display the temperature. Node-RED on the computer retrieves the data from the voltage, current, rotary, accelerometer, and distance sensors through the Arduino Mega. Also, a web-based graphical user interface (GUI) is created using Node-RED and hosted on the local server for parsing the collected data. Finally, an HTTP basic access authentication is implemented using Nginx to control the clients' access from the Internet to the local server and to enhance its security and reliability.

Design and Analysis of Solar Water Pumping with Storage for Irrigation in Iran

by Mohammad Zamanlou and M. Tariq Iqbal

2020 IEEE 17th International Conference on Smart Communities: Improving Quality of Life Using ICT, IoT and AI (HONET), 2020

In this project, two kinds of solar-powered water pump systems for micro-irrigation of a 14.7-hec... more In this project, two kinds of solar-powered water pump systems for micro-irrigation of a 14.7-hectare grape garden located in Iran were designed and studied. The difference between the systems is the storage type. One system uses a battery bank, and the other is with a water tank storage. The first system is designed using Lorentz compass3 software and includes a 6-inch 18.5 KW submersible pump. HOMER Pro software was used to model the second system and resulted in a 6-inch 11 KW submersible pump, and 44.4kw PV modules rated capacity and 144 KWh Battery Bank size. This research indicates using a storage system allows constant water flow for irrigation in solar water pumping and comparing the results, the research shows that using a battery bank is more economical than a water tank storage system.

Design and analysis of a solar water pumping system for drip irrigation of a fruit garden in Iran

by Mohammad Zamanlou and M. Tariq Iqbal

28th Annual Newfoundland Electrical and Computer Engineering Conference, November 19, 2019, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador. , 2019

In this research, a solar water pumping system for a 2.36-hectare grape garden in the northwest o... more In this research, a solar water pumping system for a 2.36-hectare grape garden in the northwest of Iran is designed and presented. Drip irrigation is used in that area to conserve water. Lorentz Compass3 was used to select a submersible water pump and then using HOMER Pro, all system's electrical components were selected. The proposed system consists of a 2kW PV, 10, 12V 105Ah batteries, and an 883W submersible pump. The designed system dynamic modeling was done in Simulink. A system controller was also designed and analyzed successfully. The simulation results show that the designed controller can maintain MPP by operating the PV array at 178.7V and at 8.3A. System economics and a method used to calculate water needs are also presented in the paper.

Small Induction Generator Based Wind Turbine Simulator

by M. Tariq Iqbal and Razzaqul Ahshan

Wind turbine simulator is an effective tool to evaluate wind energy conversion systems control. D... more Wind turbine simulator is an effective tool to evaluate wind energy conversion systems control. Due to random variation in wind speed, it is difficult to develop and improve the control mechanism for a successful wind energy conversion system while wind turbine is in a wind field. To achieve this aim, a wind turbine simulator has been proposed and initial development has been performed in the energy systems lab at MUN. This paper describes the developed small induction generator based wind turbine simulator. The wind turbine simulator consists of a computer controlled dc motor, a three-phase induction generator, interfacing I/O card, instrumentation for voltage, current, torque and speed measurements. The DC motor is controlled in such a way that its shaft behaves as a wind turbine rotor in the wind. A parameter optimized discrete PI controller has designed to control the torque of the dc motor. The controller also makes sure that the actual rotational speed of the motor is same as that of wind turbine rotor. This paper describes the operating principles, theoretical explanations and some test results of the developed simulator. This simulator will be used to develop and test controllers for a small induction generator based wind energy conversion system.