Papers by Mohammad Aljaradin
Sustainable Resources Management Journal, 2017
In the work, fifty soil samples were cultivated on selective Gauze agar medium plates containing ... more In the work, fifty soil samples were cultivated on selective Gauze agar medium plates containing carboymethyl cellulose as the sole carbon source. Thirty-two samples showed similarity to the morphological characteristics of Streptomyces bacterium which were tested for cellulolytic activity using the 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid reagent. Four efficient Streptomyces isolates were selected for their high cellulolytic activity which was recorded after 12 hours of incubation in the early logarithmic phase of growth. The four isolates attained their optimum cellulose activity after 96 hours of incubation with an enzyme activity of (0.55 + 0.1, 0.53+ 0.12 and 0.49 + 0.22 U/mL) by the Streptomyces isolates AA-17-1, AA-17-19 and AA-17-22 respectively with recording a specific enzymatic activity of (0.68 + 0.23 U/ml) of the Streptomyces isolate AA-17-32. The result showed, a supreme activity of the Streptomyces purpureus AA-17-32 to reduce (20 g) of paper waste to about (0.78 U/ml). After applying further morphological and biochemical analysis it's recognized that, the Streptomyces isolate AA-17-32 belonged to the species Streptomyces purpureus. It concludes that this method for the production of cellulose can be used for the sustainable development of sugar production from the degradable of waste materials.
Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development, 2018
Renewable energies can play an important role to provide electricity to rural communities .This w... more Renewable energies can play an important role to provide electricity to rural communities .This work study the design optimization of a hybrid hydro-wind , micro-power system in rural area. Six case studies, including the impact of hydro head, flow rate ,efficiency, and head loss for micro hydropower with wind turbine hub height were implemented based on HOMER software. The simulation results show the importance of using HOMER to assist system designers for assigning the optimum design of hybrid system components.
Sustainable Resources Management Journal, 2019
A Manual to Handling Gases in the Laboratory Type of Gases Gas Cylinders Risk Assessment Leakage ... more A Manual to Handling Gases in the Laboratory Type of Gases Gas Cylinders Risk Assessment Leakage Detectors Resources
Sustainable Resources Management Journal, 2020
Microplastics are emerging as an ever-increasing threat to the environment and are becoming an is... more Microplastics are emerging as an ever-increasing threat to the environment and are becoming an issue of concern among researchers. Microplastics are often detected in the environment, the risks they pose are debated and largely unknown. One important challenge in determining the threats of microplastics to humans and the environment is the heterogeneity of the physical and chemical properties, the nature and concentration of the particles and the difficulty in identifying standardized detection systems. Microplastics can reach drinking water supplies from surface runoff , degraded plastic waste, atmospheric deposition, and wastewater effluent. The effluent from wastewater treatment plants is one of the most important factors behind the contamination of microplastics. Microplastics in drinking water supplies have recently been detected. This article presents an analysis and review of available literature on the effects of microplastics on freshwater, agriculture, and ecosystems, as well as emerging treatment methods with an emphasis on microplastic biodegradation. The article will display a model used to measure the export of microplastic waste from land to sea. Finally, the policy and regulation and the way the Sustainable Development Goals will reduce microplastic emissions will be addressed.
AL-Karama dam, the second largest dam in Jordan, was constructed in the Jordan valley area in the... more AL-Karama dam, the second largest dam in Jordan, was constructed in the Jordan valley area in the year 1979. Currently, the dam holds about 72% of its designed storage capacity with total dissolved solids concentration of 2.2%. The dam water was designed to irrigate 100 km 2 of new reclaimed areas and to provide drinking water for more than 30,000 residences. In this work, solar desalination system was suggested. The suggested innovative solution is designed to increase the dam efficiency and to increase water availability annually by 3.3 MCM in phase one to reach 9.2 MCM in the final plan. Furthermore to increase the irrigated areas by 20% in Jordan valley area. Considering the water availability, population and costs, small-scale solar desalination plant with reverse osmosis membrane is recommended.
A comprehensive study was conducted to monitor the emission potential from solid waste landfilled... more A comprehensive study was conducted to monitor the emission potential from solid waste landfilled in Jordan over a period of 292 days using an anaerobic lysimeter. A 30 kg waste sample reflecting the typical municipal solid waste (MSW) streams generated in Jordan was used to simulate the influence of climate on the emission potential of landfills located in semi-arid areas. The experimental results demonstrated that a significant amount of leachate and landfill gas was produced. The methane content was found to be more than 45% and the leachate produced reached 15.7 l after 200 days. However, after 260 days the gas and leachate production rate became negligible. A significant amount of heavy metal traces was found in the leachate due to mixed waste disposal. Changes in biogas and leachate quality parameters in the lysimeter revealed typical landfill behaviour trends, the only difference being that they developed much more quickly. In view of current landfill practices in Jordan and the effect of climate change, the results suggest that landfill design and operational modes need to be adjusted in order to achieve sustainability. For this reason, optimized design parameters and operational scenarios for sustainable landfill based on the country's climatic conditions and financial as well as technical potential are recommended as a primary reference for future landfills in Jordan as well as in similar regions and climates.
Efficient and suitable daily landfill cover is considered the most important aspect for minimisin... more Efficient and suitable daily landfill cover is considered the most important aspect for minimising the negative impact of landfills on the local environment and population, especially in arid and semiarid countries. In this study, numerical model, HYDRUS-2D/3D, was used to investigate the impact of landfill cover type, cover thickness and antecedent water content on the quantity and the rate of contaminant percolation through the Mafraq landfill in Jordan during a 30-year simulation period. Four different cover types (sandy loam, clay loam, silt and clay), three cover thicknesses (0, 50, 100 cm) and two antecedent soil water content values (θ i = 0.12 and 0.20 m 3 m –3) were simulated. Initial chloride concentration of 665 mg/l which is equal to the measured concentration in Mafraq landfill leachate was used during simulation. Simulation results showed that maximum chloride concentration for different scenarios at all locations within the soil profile during the entire simulation period was less than the chloride concentration in the municipal solid waste (MSW) leachate. In addition, as the landfill cover thickness increases, the concentration of chloride at a certain location decreases. Meanwhile, the time required to reach this location increases. The simulation results also showed that the effect of θ i on chloride concentration reduction increases as the cover thickness increases. A cover thickness of 50 cm is suitable in case of low θ i .
Effective sustainable solid waste management is of great importance both for people's health and ... more Effective sustainable solid waste management is of great importance both for people's health and for environmental protection (Aljaradin and Kenneth 2012). In Jordan, insufficient financial resources, growing population, rapid urbanization, inadequate management and lacking of technical skills represent a serious environmental challenge confronting local government. At the same time, energy remains Jordan's top challenge for development. The energy needs to be produced in a sustainable way, preferably from renewable sources which have a minimum environmental impact. To face the future problems in waste management, as well as securing the demand of renewable energy, it is necessary to reuse the wasted resources in energy production. Jordan has definitely acknowledged that making affordable energy solutions available is critical to support industries, investment, and attain sustainable growth. One option is to use solid waste to generate electricity in centralized plants. Waste to energy options was recognized recently as an effective approach to improve recycling rates, reduce the dependence on fossil fuels, reduce the amount of materials sent to landfills and to avoid pollution.
Expanding electricity access and energy in rural area in center of Mozambique is a challenge. Mic... more Expanding electricity access and energy in rural area in center of Mozambique is a challenge. Micro-hydropower plant is one of the solutions to provide electricity. However, selecting the power plant size and the turbine type in designing hydropower system is critical. Giving specific site characteristics of head and flow to find specific turbine is necessary to select appropriate turbine. The main objective of this paper is to develop a methodology to select the best turbine that can be used in the micro-hydropower plant at Chimenza river-Manica in Mozambique. Flow duration curve and exceedance probability equation was successfully used to characterize the water flow of the river. The accurate measurement of the head and flow discharge will determine the best type of power plant size and turbine type. According to the result, the optimum flow was 0.29 m 3 /s combined with head. The appropriate turbine for this scheme is Pelton type with efficiency of 0.85% and the power capacity will be 157.2 kW.
Reusing of 3.3 MCM (million cubic meter) of water every year from utilizing thermal water of the ... more Reusing of 3.3 MCM (million cubic meter) of water every year from utilizing thermal water of the hot springs will boost the availability of water at the Dead Sea area. This water represent an additional sources of water for agribusiness in which all available springs and similar sources can follow the same way of successful. In this work the water quality of Afra hot springs was analysed at source and compared with the water at downstream at the Dead Sea area. Microbial analysis found no traces for faecal coliform and E.coli bacteria which lower the risk for contract diseases when the water is used for irrigation without any prior treatment. The water at upstream rich with high trace of metals with a significant content of bicarbonate, BOD 5 and COD but within Jordanian standards for irrigation purposes. Slight variations between physicochemical parameters and trace metal contents found between the water from the source and the water at the downstream because of surface runoff interactions at the way down. Afra spring water at the source is considered as low-enthalpy geothermal sources, as the temperature is range between 45-48 o C, therefore, power generation is unlikely to be possible. However, it can be used in curative water tourist. According to the water quality and availability, different suggestions for treatment and uses will be defined in this paper. Furthermore, to evaluate the potential uses at the downstream.
Sustainable resource management is often defined as the planning and decision making process that... more Sustainable resource management is often defined as the planning and decision making process that seeks to organize and balance the social, economic and environmental demands on resource use to achieve future sustainable benefits. The future of generation and the quality of life for people today will require standing on the use and consumption of natural resources, including materials, energy and land. Exploring new potentials of using suitable raw material streams for developing new products in close cooperation with the concerned sectors is significantly important. Most things that we produce end up at a landfill; our planet has limited amounts of resources. The current ways of producing and consuming products have therefore led to problems such as climate change, a decrease of available resources and pollution of our air, soil and water. The wise use of our resources is important to the environment and existence. The sustainable use and management of natural resources have therefore come into focus and has been the subject of many policy discussions over more than a decade, beginning with the summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. Sustainable Resources Management Journal (SRMJ) is an International, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary, monthly, and fully refereed journal accepting original and high-quality articles covering a wide range of topics in scientific research, dedicated to promoting high standards and excellence in the creation and dissemination of scientific knowledge. Sustainable Resources Management Journal has been launched to help meet the growing need for publications that foster productive discussions between researchers, and permit exchanging ideas related to sustainable resources management, in a manner that benefits both the research community and decision makers. The primary aim of the Journal is to raise environmental awareness and provide high quality information. As an interdisciplinary scholarly journal, with a scope on all aspects of natural science: water resources management, sustainability of water resources, ground and surface water, water use and reuse, desalination, sustainable waste management, recycling and waste to energy.
Effective sustainable solid waste management is of great importance both for people's health and ... more Effective sustainable solid waste management is of great importance both for people's health and for environmental protection (Aljaradin and Kenneth 2012). In Jordan, insufficient financial resources, growing population, rapid urbanization, inadequate management and lacking of technical skills represent a serious environmental challenge confronting local government. At the same time, energy remains Jordan's top challenge for development. The energy needs to be produced in a sustainable way, preferably from renewable sources which have a minimum environmental impact. To face the future problems in waste management, as well as securing the demand of renewable energy, it is necessary to reuse the wasted resources in energy production. Jordan has definitely acknowledged that making affordable energy solutions available is critical to support industries, investment, and attain sustainable growth. One option is to use solid waste to generate electricity in centralized plants. Waste to energy options was recognized recently as an effective approach to improve recycling rates, reduce the dependence on fossil fuels, reduce the amount of materials sent to landfills and to avoid pollution.
Scavengers play a major role in the waste management process in developing countries. This study ... more Scavengers play a major role in the waste management process in developing countries. This study analyzed the informal recycling activities carried out by scavenger in the Tafila region of Jordan. The results show that scavengers have an important role in the informal solid waste management (SWM) especially in term of waste reduction, minimization and material recovery. Significant values from the scavenged material make the scavenging somewhat a profitable business for poor people and could track more in the future. Socially scavenging tends to be acceptable in the community, especially with the increasing of the poverty and employments rates and became more acceptable in rural areas as it is already in urban areas. Despite the low level of education, the awareness for the negative health effect from working with waste was very high. The organizing of the scavenger work is suggested, since it would improve their working environment, income and living conditions. Therefore it should increase their contribution significantly to resource recovery.
Solid waste became one of the major environmental problems in Jordan, which has been aggravated o... more Solid waste became one of the major environmental problems in Jordan, which has been aggravated over the past 15 years by the sharp increase in the volume of waste generated as well as qualitative changes in its composition. The challenges face solid waste management (SWM) in Jordan are numerous. Financial constraints, shortage of proper equipment and limited availability of trained and skilled manpower together with massive and sudden population increases due to several waves of forced migration. In this work we discussed these challenges; the main problems which stand against developing this sector to sustainable levels in the coming future are identified. Suggestions and recommendations that should be taken in consideration for developing the sector are also presented.
Jordan is considered one of the most water-stressed countries in the world, with less than 150 cu... more Jordan is considered one of the most water-stressed countries in the world, with less than 150 cubic meters freshwater available per capita annually. Groundwater resources are clearly vital for Jordan´s population and economic wellbeing. It´s quality and amount has therefore to be managed in a sustainable way avoiding possible contaminations. Unfortunately the groundwater quality is threatened by several factors including unsafe landfilling. Jordan has been facing a unique situation in solid waste management due to sudden population and the change in living standards. Serious environmental problems are connected to this, which could threaten human, surface water and ground water. With the current regulation and attention focused in many environmental aspects in the country, the risk of water resources contamination is not completely recognized. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of environmental problems associated to the mismanagement of solid waste and the possible threats for human and water resources.
In this study, Jordanian feldspar from Wadi Al-Jayshiah area was invested to evaluate its applica... more In this study, Jordanian feldspar from Wadi Al-Jayshiah area was invested to evaluate its applicability as raw material for ceramic and industries. The chemical analysis indicated that the average Fe 2 O 3 content is 2.33%, which is very high, compared to commercial ceramic and glass grades feldspar. The SiO 2 content in the Wadi Al-Jayshiah feldspar (67.96%) lies within the required amount in commercial ceramic grade feldspar (75%) and the in commercial ceramic glass feldspar (68.9 %). On the other hand it was found that the contents of K 2 O and Na 2 O are 4.13 and 4.12, respectively, which makes it suitable for the ceramic industry. However for glass in industry a beneficiation pre-treatment step is required to increase the amount of Na 2 O.
Numerical evaluation of different landfill daily cover in semiarid areas – Jordan. Int. J. Enviro... more Numerical evaluation of different landfill daily cover in semiarid areas – Jordan. Int. J. Environment and Waste Management, Vol. 16 (2). DOI: 10.1504/IJEWM.2015.071286(Scopus).
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Papers by Mohammad Aljaradin