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Claire Palmer

Loughborough University, Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Post-Doc

University of Nottingham, Computer Science, Post-Doc

University of Derby, Engineering and Technology/Bloc Digital, Post-Doc

University of Derby, Engineering and Technology, Post-Doc

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I am an interdisciplinary researcher. My interests are semantic modelling, ontologies, process modelling, digital manufacturing and knowledge acquisition. I have applied my skills within the areas of continuous, batch and discrete process engineering and within social science.

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Papers by Claire Palmer

Policy, Practice and Praxis: Computer-Aided Decision Support to Enable Policy-Making in Lifelong Learning

Palgrave studies in adult education and lifelong learning, 2023

Reference ontologies to support the development of global production network systems

Computers in Industry, Apr 1, 2016

In competitive and time sensitive market places, organisations are tasked with providing Product ... more In competitive and time sensitive market places, organisations are tasked with providing Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) approaches to achieve and maintain competitive advantage, react to change and understand the balance of possible options when making decisions on complex multi-faceted problems, Global Production Networks (GPN) is one such domain in which this applies. When designing and configuring GPN to develop, manufacture and deliver product-service provision, information requirements that affect decision making become more complex. The application of reference ontologies to a domain and its related information requirements can enhance and accelerate the development of new product-service systems with a view towards the seamless interchange of information or interoperability between systems and domains. This paper presents (i) preliminary results for the capture and modelling of end-user information, (ii) an initial higher level reference core ontology for the development of reference ontologies and (iii) the formal logical modelling of Level 1 of the FLEXINET reference ontology using a common logic based approach.

Standardised semantic models to support the configuration of global production networks

The configuration and deployment of global production networks, raises questions about the interc... more The configuration and deployment of global production networks, raises questions about the interchange of data and information between varied and different organisations, domains and systems. Standards should be an instrumental part of forming a basis to enable seamless interoperability, yet there is no clear support for global production networks. This paper sets out a reference ontology for global production networks being developed as a basis for interoperability between systems, with the potential for it to be developed as a standard.

Digital Twinning Remote Laboratories for Online Practical Learning

by Ben Roullier and Claire Palmer

ArXiv, 2021

The COVID19 pandemic has demonstrated a need for remote learning and virtual learning application... more The COVID19 pandemic has demonstrated a need for remote learning and virtual learning applications such as virtual reality (VR) and tablet-based solutions. Creating complex learning scenarios by developers is highly time-consuming and can take over a year. It is also costly to employ teams of system analysts, developers and 3D artists. There is a requirement to provide a simple method to enable lecturers to create their own content for their laboratory tutorials. Research has been undertaken into developing generic models to enable the semi-automatic creation of a virtual learning tools for subjects that require practical interactions with the lab resources. In addition to the system for creating digital twins, a case study describing the creation of a virtual learning application for an electrical laboratory tutorial has been presented.

Social capital, bounded agency and fuzzy logic: making data work in real world applications

Virtual Reality Based Digital Twin System for Remote Laboratories and Online Practical Learning

Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering, 2021

There is a need for remote learning and virtual learning applications such as virtual reality (VR... more There is a need for remote learning and virtual learning applications such as virtual reality (VR) and tablet-based solutions which the current pandemic has demonstrated. Creating complex learning scenarios by developers is highly time-consuming and can take over a year. There is a need to provide a simple method to enable lecturers to create their own content for their laboratory tutorials. Research is currently being undertaken into developing generic models to enable the semi-automatic creation of a virtual learning application. A case study describing the creation of a virtual learning application for an electrical laboratory tutorial is presented.

Reference Ontologies for Global Production Networks

Proceedings of the International Conference on Knowledge Management and Information Sharing, 2014

The development and utilisation of flexible, reconfigurable Global Production Network organisatio... more The development and utilisation of flexible, reconfigurable Global Production Network organisations presents issues for the sharing and reuse of information and knowledge between systems and domains. The research approach put forward in this paper posits that manufacturing reference ontologies can provide the necessary underlying flexibility in a semantic-base to support interoperability. Moreover for that to be of real value to industry it needs to be commonly applicable across the breadth of manufacturing business and therefore be offered as a standard.

Digital Twinning Remote Laboratories for Online Practical Learning

ArXiv, 2021

The COVID19 pandemic has demonstrated a need for remote learning and virtual learning application... more The COVID19 pandemic has demonstrated a need for remote learning and virtual learning applications such as virtual reality (VR) and tablet-based solutions. Creating complex learning scenarios by developers is highly time-consuming and can take over a year. It is also costly to employ teams of system analysts, developers and 3D artists. There is a requirement to provide a simple method to enable lecturers to create their own content for their laboratory tutorials. Research has been undertaken into developing generic models to enable the semi-automatic creation of a virtual learning tools for subjects that require practical interactions with the lab resources. In addition to the system for creating digital twins, a case study describing the creation of a virtual learning application for an electrical laboratory tutorial has been presented.

Maslow, Meaning and Data: Applying interdisciplinary approaches to evaluating a personalised youth employment programme

This research aimed to uncover barriers to unemployment faced by young people who are furthest fr... more This research aimed to uncover barriers to unemployment faced by young people who are furthest from the labour market. It arises from a research project, ENLIVEN – Encouraging Lifelong Learning for an Inclusive and Vibrant Europe (2016-2019), funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme, which focuses on interdisciplinary approaches to influencing policy formation. An evaluation of a local employment support service for young people unemployed for 12 months or more was undertaken by computer and social scientists within ENLIVEN. Two data mining approaches were utilised: proximity to the labour market indicator analysis and decision tree analysis of programme participant employment outcomes. An important question considered was whether the decision tree analysis would support anecdotal experience from local practitioners which indicated the relevance of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to their work within the context of the most vulnerable young people. It was found by decision ...

A reference ontology approach to support global product-service production

International Journal of Product Lifecycle Management, 2017

Interoperable manufacturing knowledge systems

International Journal of Production Research, 2017

For many years now, the importance of semantic technologies, that provide a formal, logic based r... more For many years now, the importance of semantic technologies, that provide a formal, logic based route to sharing meaning, has been recognized as offering the potential to support interoperability across multiple related applications and hence drive manufacturing competitiveness in the digital manufacturing age. However, progress in support of manufacturing enterprise interoperability has tended to be limited to fairly narrow domains of applicability. This paper presents a progression of research and understanding, culminating in the work undertaken in the recent EU FLEXINET project, to develop a comprehensive manufacturing reference ontology that can (a) support the clarification of understanding across domains, (b) support the ability to flexibly share information across interacting software systems and (c) provide the ability to readily configure company knowledge bases to support interoperable manufacturing systems.

An ontology supported risk assessment approach for the intelligent configuration of supply networks

Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 2016

Virtual Reality based Digital Twin System for remote laboratories and online practical Learning

Advances in Manufacturing Technology XXXIV Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Manufacturing Research, incorporating the 35th National Conference on Manufacturing Research, 7–10 September 2021, University of Derby, Derby, UK , 2021

There is a need for remote learning and virtual learning applications such as virtual reality (VR... more There is a need for remote learning and virtual learning applications such as virtual reality (VR) and tablet-based solutions which the current pandemic has demonstrated. Creating complex learning scenarios by developers is highly time-consuming and can take over a year. There is a need to provide a simple method to enable lecturers to create their own content for their laboratory tutorials. Research is currently being undertaken into developing generic models to enable the semi-automatic creation of a virtual learning application. A case study describing the creation of a virtual learning application for an electrical laboratory tutorial is presented.

Performance measurement and KPIs for remanufacturing

Journal of Remanufacturing, 2015

The paper provides a brief background to remanufacturing and the general use of Performance Measu... more The paper provides a brief background to remanufacturing and the general use of Performance Measurement and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) before introducing selected and newly formulated KPIs designed specifically for remanufacturing. Their relationships with the remanufacturing challenges faced by two contrasting remanufacturing businesses and the wider reman industry are described in detail.

An Ontology for Global Production Network Design and Reconfiguration

by Claire Palmer and Francisco Sanchez Cid

Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, 2015

Ontology in Engineering Applications

by Claire Palmer and Walter Terkaj

Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, 2015

A Manufacturing Foundation Ontology for Product Life Cycle Interoperability

by Nitishal Chungoora, Claire Palmer, Keith Case, and Jennifer A Harding

Enterprise Interoperability IV, 2010

A model-driven ontology approach for manufacturing system interoperability and knowledge sharing

by Keith Case, Claire Palmer, Bob Young, and A.F. Cutting-Decelle

Computers in Industry, 2013

The requirements for the interoperability of semantics and knowledge have become increasingly imp... more The requirements for the interoperability of semantics and knowledge have become increasingly important in Product Lifecycle Management (PLM), in the drive towards knowledgedriven decision support in the manufacturing industry. This article presents a novel concept, based on the Model Driven Architecture (MDA). The concept has been implemented under the Interoperable Manufacturing Knowledge Systems (IMKS) project in order to understand the extent to which manufacturing system interoperability can be supported using radically new methods of knowledge sharing. The concept exploits the capabilities of semantically well-defined core concepts formalised in a Common Logic-based ontology language. The core semantics can be specialised to configure multiple application-specific knowledge bases, as well as product and manufacturing information platforms. Furthermore, the utilisation of the expressive ontology language and the generic nature of core concepts help support the specification of system mechanisms to enable the verification of knowledge across multiple platforms. An experimental demonstration, using a test case based on the design and manufacture of an aerospace part, has been realised. This has led to the identification of several benefits of the approach, its current limitations as well as areas to be considered for further work.

Towards a formal manufacturing reference ontology

by Keith Case and Claire Palmer

International Journal of Production Research, 2013

ABSTRACT Due to the advancement in the application of Information and Communication Technology (I... more ABSTRACT Due to the advancement in the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), manufacturing industry and its many domains employ a wide range of different ICT tools. To be competitive, industries need to communicate effectively within and across their many system domains. This communication is hindered by the diversity in the semantics of concepts and information structures of these different domain systems. Whilst international standards provide an effective route to information sharing within narrowly specified domains, they are themselves not interoperable across the wide range of application domains needed to support manufacturing industry due to the inconsistency of concept semantics. Formal ontologies have shown promise in removing interpretation problems by computationally capturing the semantics of concepts, ensuring their consistency and thus providing a verifiable and shared understanding across multiple domains. The research work reported in this paper contributes to the development of formal reference ontology for manufacturing, which is envisaged as a key component in future interoperable manufacturing systems. A set of core manufacturing concepts are identified and their semantics have been captured in formal logic based on exploiting and extending existing standards’ definitions, where possible combined with an industrial investigation of the concepts required. A successful experimental investigation has been conducted to verify the application of the ontology based on the interaction between concepts in the design and manufacturing domains of an aerospace component.

Towards a formal manufacturing reference ontology

by Nitishal Chungoora and Claire Palmer

International Journal of Production Research, 2013

ABSTRACT Due to the advancement in the application of Information and Communication Technology (I... more ABSTRACT Due to the advancement in the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), manufacturing industry and its many domains employ a wide range of different ICT tools. To be competitive, industries need to communicate effectively within and across their many system domains. This communication is hindered by the diversity in the semantics of concepts and information structures of these different domain systems. Whilst international standards provide an effective route to information sharing within narrowly specified domains, they are themselves not interoperable across the wide range of application domains needed to support manufacturing industry due to the inconsistency of concept semantics. Formal ontologies have shown promise in removing interpretation problems by computationally capturing the semantics of concepts, ensuring their consistency and thus providing a verifiable and shared understanding across multiple domains. The research work reported in this paper contributes to the development of formal reference ontology for manufacturing, which is envisaged as a key component in future interoperable manufacturing systems. A set of core manufacturing concepts are identified and their semantics have been captured in formal logic based on exploiting and extending existing standards’ definitions, where possible combined with an industrial investigation of the concepts required. A successful experimental investigation has been conducted to verify the application of the ontology based on the interaction between concepts in the design and manufacturing domains of an aerospace component.

Policy, Practice and Praxis: Computer-Aided Decision Support to Enable Policy-Making in Lifelong Learning

Palgrave studies in adult education and lifelong learning, 2023

Reference ontologies to support the development of global production network systems

Computers in Industry, Apr 1, 2016

In competitive and time sensitive market places, organisations are tasked with providing Product ... more In competitive and time sensitive market places, organisations are tasked with providing Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) approaches to achieve and maintain competitive advantage, react to change and understand the balance of possible options when making decisions on complex multi-faceted problems, Global Production Networks (GPN) is one such domain in which this applies. When designing and configuring GPN to develop, manufacture and deliver product-service provision, information requirements that affect decision making become more complex. The application of reference ontologies to a domain and its related information requirements can enhance and accelerate the development of new product-service systems with a view towards the seamless interchange of information or interoperability between systems and domains. This paper presents (i) preliminary results for the capture and modelling of end-user information, (ii) an initial higher level reference core ontology for the development of reference ontologies and (iii) the formal logical modelling of Level 1 of the FLEXINET reference ontology using a common logic based approach.

Standardised semantic models to support the configuration of global production networks

The configuration and deployment of global production networks, raises questions about the interc... more The configuration and deployment of global production networks, raises questions about the interchange of data and information between varied and different organisations, domains and systems. Standards should be an instrumental part of forming a basis to enable seamless interoperability, yet there is no clear support for global production networks. This paper sets out a reference ontology for global production networks being developed as a basis for interoperability between systems, with the potential for it to be developed as a standard.

Digital Twinning Remote Laboratories for Online Practical Learning

by Ben Roullier and Claire Palmer

ArXiv, 2021

The COVID19 pandemic has demonstrated a need for remote learning and virtual learning application... more The COVID19 pandemic has demonstrated a need for remote learning and virtual learning applications such as virtual reality (VR) and tablet-based solutions. Creating complex learning scenarios by developers is highly time-consuming and can take over a year. It is also costly to employ teams of system analysts, developers and 3D artists. There is a requirement to provide a simple method to enable lecturers to create their own content for their laboratory tutorials. Research has been undertaken into developing generic models to enable the semi-automatic creation of a virtual learning tools for subjects that require practical interactions with the lab resources. In addition to the system for creating digital twins, a case study describing the creation of a virtual learning application for an electrical laboratory tutorial has been presented.

Social capital, bounded agency and fuzzy logic: making data work in real world applications

Virtual Reality Based Digital Twin System for Remote Laboratories and Online Practical Learning

Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering, 2021

There is a need for remote learning and virtual learning applications such as virtual reality (VR... more There is a need for remote learning and virtual learning applications such as virtual reality (VR) and tablet-based solutions which the current pandemic has demonstrated. Creating complex learning scenarios by developers is highly time-consuming and can take over a year. There is a need to provide a simple method to enable lecturers to create their own content for their laboratory tutorials. Research is currently being undertaken into developing generic models to enable the semi-automatic creation of a virtual learning application. A case study describing the creation of a virtual learning application for an electrical laboratory tutorial is presented.

Reference Ontologies for Global Production Networks

Proceedings of the International Conference on Knowledge Management and Information Sharing, 2014

The development and utilisation of flexible, reconfigurable Global Production Network organisatio... more The development and utilisation of flexible, reconfigurable Global Production Network organisations presents issues for the sharing and reuse of information and knowledge between systems and domains. The research approach put forward in this paper posits that manufacturing reference ontologies can provide the necessary underlying flexibility in a semantic-base to support interoperability. Moreover for that to be of real value to industry it needs to be commonly applicable across the breadth of manufacturing business and therefore be offered as a standard.

Digital Twinning Remote Laboratories for Online Practical Learning

ArXiv, 2021

The COVID19 pandemic has demonstrated a need for remote learning and virtual learning application... more The COVID19 pandemic has demonstrated a need for remote learning and virtual learning applications such as virtual reality (VR) and tablet-based solutions. Creating complex learning scenarios by developers is highly time-consuming and can take over a year. It is also costly to employ teams of system analysts, developers and 3D artists. There is a requirement to provide a simple method to enable lecturers to create their own content for their laboratory tutorials. Research has been undertaken into developing generic models to enable the semi-automatic creation of a virtual learning tools for subjects that require practical interactions with the lab resources. In addition to the system for creating digital twins, a case study describing the creation of a virtual learning application for an electrical laboratory tutorial has been presented.

Maslow, Meaning and Data: Applying interdisciplinary approaches to evaluating a personalised youth employment programme

This research aimed to uncover barriers to unemployment faced by young people who are furthest fr... more This research aimed to uncover barriers to unemployment faced by young people who are furthest from the labour market. It arises from a research project, ENLIVEN – Encouraging Lifelong Learning for an Inclusive and Vibrant Europe (2016-2019), funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme, which focuses on interdisciplinary approaches to influencing policy formation. An evaluation of a local employment support service for young people unemployed for 12 months or more was undertaken by computer and social scientists within ENLIVEN. Two data mining approaches were utilised: proximity to the labour market indicator analysis and decision tree analysis of programme participant employment outcomes. An important question considered was whether the decision tree analysis would support anecdotal experience from local practitioners which indicated the relevance of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to their work within the context of the most vulnerable young people. It was found by decision ...

A reference ontology approach to support global product-service production

International Journal of Product Lifecycle Management, 2017

Interoperable manufacturing knowledge systems

International Journal of Production Research, 2017

For many years now, the importance of semantic technologies, that provide a formal, logic based r... more For many years now, the importance of semantic technologies, that provide a formal, logic based route to sharing meaning, has been recognized as offering the potential to support interoperability across multiple related applications and hence drive manufacturing competitiveness in the digital manufacturing age. However, progress in support of manufacturing enterprise interoperability has tended to be limited to fairly narrow domains of applicability. This paper presents a progression of research and understanding, culminating in the work undertaken in the recent EU FLEXINET project, to develop a comprehensive manufacturing reference ontology that can (a) support the clarification of understanding across domains, (b) support the ability to flexibly share information across interacting software systems and (c) provide the ability to readily configure company knowledge bases to support interoperable manufacturing systems.

An ontology supported risk assessment approach for the intelligent configuration of supply networks

Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 2016

Virtual Reality based Digital Twin System for remote laboratories and online practical Learning

Advances in Manufacturing Technology XXXIV Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Manufacturing Research, incorporating the 35th National Conference on Manufacturing Research, 7–10 September 2021, University of Derby, Derby, UK , 2021

There is a need for remote learning and virtual learning applications such as virtual reality (VR... more There is a need for remote learning and virtual learning applications such as virtual reality (VR) and tablet-based solutions which the current pandemic has demonstrated. Creating complex learning scenarios by developers is highly time-consuming and can take over a year. There is a need to provide a simple method to enable lecturers to create their own content for their laboratory tutorials. Research is currently being undertaken into developing generic models to enable the semi-automatic creation of a virtual learning application. A case study describing the creation of a virtual learning application for an electrical laboratory tutorial is presented.

Performance measurement and KPIs for remanufacturing

Journal of Remanufacturing, 2015

The paper provides a brief background to remanufacturing and the general use of Performance Measu... more The paper provides a brief background to remanufacturing and the general use of Performance Measurement and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) before introducing selected and newly formulated KPIs designed specifically for remanufacturing. Their relationships with the remanufacturing challenges faced by two contrasting remanufacturing businesses and the wider reman industry are described in detail.

An Ontology for Global Production Network Design and Reconfiguration

by Claire Palmer and Francisco Sanchez Cid

Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, 2015

Ontology in Engineering Applications

by Claire Palmer and Walter Terkaj

Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, 2015

A Manufacturing Foundation Ontology for Product Life Cycle Interoperability

by Nitishal Chungoora, Claire Palmer, Keith Case, and Jennifer A Harding

Enterprise Interoperability IV, 2010

A model-driven ontology approach for manufacturing system interoperability and knowledge sharing

by Keith Case, Claire Palmer, Bob Young, and A.F. Cutting-Decelle

Computers in Industry, 2013

The requirements for the interoperability of semantics and knowledge have become increasingly imp... more The requirements for the interoperability of semantics and knowledge have become increasingly important in Product Lifecycle Management (PLM), in the drive towards knowledgedriven decision support in the manufacturing industry. This article presents a novel concept, based on the Model Driven Architecture (MDA). The concept has been implemented under the Interoperable Manufacturing Knowledge Systems (IMKS) project in order to understand the extent to which manufacturing system interoperability can be supported using radically new methods of knowledge sharing. The concept exploits the capabilities of semantically well-defined core concepts formalised in a Common Logic-based ontology language. The core semantics can be specialised to configure multiple application-specific knowledge bases, as well as product and manufacturing information platforms. Furthermore, the utilisation of the expressive ontology language and the generic nature of core concepts help support the specification of system mechanisms to enable the verification of knowledge across multiple platforms. An experimental demonstration, using a test case based on the design and manufacture of an aerospace part, has been realised. This has led to the identification of several benefits of the approach, its current limitations as well as areas to be considered for further work.

Towards a formal manufacturing reference ontology

by Keith Case and Claire Palmer

International Journal of Production Research, 2013

ABSTRACT Due to the advancement in the application of Information and Communication Technology (I... more ABSTRACT Due to the advancement in the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), manufacturing industry and its many domains employ a wide range of different ICT tools. To be competitive, industries need to communicate effectively within and across their many system domains. This communication is hindered by the diversity in the semantics of concepts and information structures of these different domain systems. Whilst international standards provide an effective route to information sharing within narrowly specified domains, they are themselves not interoperable across the wide range of application domains needed to support manufacturing industry due to the inconsistency of concept semantics. Formal ontologies have shown promise in removing interpretation problems by computationally capturing the semantics of concepts, ensuring their consistency and thus providing a verifiable and shared understanding across multiple domains. The research work reported in this paper contributes to the development of formal reference ontology for manufacturing, which is envisaged as a key component in future interoperable manufacturing systems. A set of core manufacturing concepts are identified and their semantics have been captured in formal logic based on exploiting and extending existing standards’ definitions, where possible combined with an industrial investigation of the concepts required. A successful experimental investigation has been conducted to verify the application of the ontology based on the interaction between concepts in the design and manufacturing domains of an aerospace component.

Towards a formal manufacturing reference ontology

by Nitishal Chungoora and Claire Palmer

International Journal of Production Research, 2013

ABSTRACT Due to the advancement in the application of Information and Communication Technology (I... more ABSTRACT Due to the advancement in the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), manufacturing industry and its many domains employ a wide range of different ICT tools. To be competitive, industries need to communicate effectively within and across their many system domains. This communication is hindered by the diversity in the semantics of concepts and information structures of these different domain systems. Whilst international standards provide an effective route to information sharing within narrowly specified domains, they are themselves not interoperable across the wide range of application domains needed to support manufacturing industry due to the inconsistency of concept semantics. Formal ontologies have shown promise in removing interpretation problems by computationally capturing the semantics of concepts, ensuring their consistency and thus providing a verifiable and shared understanding across multiple domains. The research work reported in this paper contributes to the development of formal reference ontology for manufacturing, which is envisaged as a key component in future interoperable manufacturing systems. A set of core manufacturing concepts are identified and their semantics have been captured in formal logic based on exploiting and extending existing standards’ definitions, where possible combined with an industrial investigation of the concepts required. A successful experimental investigation has been conducted to verify the application of the ontology based on the interaction between concepts in the design and manufacturing domains of an aerospace component.

Maslow, Meaning and Data: Applying interdisciplinary approaches to evaluating a personalised youth employment programme

This research aimed to uncover barriers to unemployment faced by young people who are furthest fr... more This research aimed to uncover barriers to unemployment faced by young people who are furthest from the labour market. It arises from a research project, ENLIVEN-Encouraging Lifelong Learning for an Inclusive and Vibrant Europe (2016-2019), funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 programme, which focuses on interdisciplinary approaches to