Richard Vincent
Richard C. Vincent (Ph.D., 1983, University of Massachusetts-Amherst) is professor of Communication at Indiana State University.
Listed in "Who's Who in America" as well as "Who's Who in the World". Author of five books and monographs and numerous scholarly articles and chapters, with background in International Communication, global journalism, and specifically the political economy of media and Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs).
Dr. Vincent came to ISU after teaching for 17 years at the University of Hawaii, Manoa. He has been teaching at Indiana State for the past 13 years. He presently is working on a textbook on Global Communication, and a second edition of Equity in Global Communication, among other projects and writings.
Phone: 812-237-3246
Address: Department of Communication
217 N 6th Street, Gillum 328
Indiana State University
Terre haute, IN 47809
Listed in "Who's Who in America" as well as "Who's Who in the World". Author of five books and monographs and numerous scholarly articles and chapters, with background in International Communication, global journalism, and specifically the political economy of media and Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs).
Dr. Vincent came to ISU after teaching for 17 years at the University of Hawaii, Manoa. He has been teaching at Indiana State for the past 13 years. He presently is working on a textbook on Global Communication, and a second edition of Equity in Global Communication, among other projects and writings.
Phone: 812-237-3246
Address: Department of Communication
217 N 6th Street, Gillum 328
Indiana State University
Terre haute, IN 47809
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Papers by Richard Vincent
The main issue of the media world is to which extent the resources for communication – both material and mental – are distributed in a fair and equal way between nations and people. New technologies have brought along many new possibilities, but their potential has far from materialized due to social and economic structures. While “imbalance” as the overall theme since the 1970s has been replaced by “digital divide” in the 2010s, the fundamental question is still equity.
The book begins by offering a broad overview of communication by two eminent scholars. Johan Galtung’s presentation of the triangle State-Capital-Civil Society is a classic in the study of media and society. Majid Tehranian’s examination of communication and democracy suggests an exceptionally powerful historical and visionary perspective.
The rest of the chapters are either updated from the first edition or new chapters that provide up-to-the-moment appraisals of some of the most important socioeconomic and political issues that affect the world of communication currently.
The Appendix provides a complete record of the eleven MacBride Round Tables that were held between 1989 and 1999, a strategic move to carry on the idea of the NWICO in the ecumenical spirit of democratization of communication as advocated by the MacBride Report Many Voices, One World (1980).
This book is meant for the students and scholars of international communication and development, political economy and international relations. It is also a resource for members of governments and NGOs, as well as advocates of human rights and grassroots communication.
PART I
GLOBAL VISIONS
Johan Galtung, the scholar who first introduced the concept of news structure, and then later helped pioneer the notion of center and periphery in international communication and political economy, offers a seminal chapter which argues that all modern societies are built on three pillars: State, Capital and Civil Society. While there has always been communication between State and Civil Society, though often weak and tenuous, the economic sphere seems a law unto itself. There are few communication channels between State and Capital, and none at all between Capital and Civil
Society's condition causing frustration and repression.
The new world disorder is the subject of Majid Tehranian's chapter. A political economist and global communication scholar, Tehranian critiques discourses on the new world order and analyzes the global changes taking place, and their implications for communication and democratization. The chapter offers both historical and visionary insights. All indicators point to the need to strengthen, through dialogue and new means of self-expression, democratic diversity and cultural pluralism of two-thirds of humankind
which hitherto have been objects rather than subjects of history.
Both of these chapters appeared in the first edition of this book but here they are reproduced as shorter versions.
PART II
MacBRIDE MOVEMENT
The second section is directly devoted to the MacBride movement itself.
Kaarle Nordenstreng, a scholar and activist in the NWICO movement from its beginning, reviews the great media debate, the context of the movement from the important years of the early 1970s on. This chapter is reproduced from the first edition of this book and is updated to cover the developments to the new millennium.
Mustapha Masmoudi, Tunisia’s former Minister of Information, who hosted the 1976 Non-Aligned Symposium on Information where the concept of NWICO was created, sat on the Unesco MacBride Commission in the late 1970s and wrote before his death in 2013 a review of MacBride
Report objectives with parallels to the more recent World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS). His testimony was not included in the first edition.
PART III
PROSPECTIVES AND PERSPECTIVES
The third section takes up some strands in the rope that ties us to the future. Focusing on journalism, Dennis Davis identifies a new role for journalism in postmodern societies, namely, to construct and share culture and provide a bridge between different cultures.
Development journalism is then taken up by Hemant Shaw, who proposes a normative model that would foster emancipation from modernization. These two are edited versions of respective chapters in the first edition.
Wolfgang Kleinwächter finally reviews the history of transborder communication in an original chapter As a member of WGIG and the UN IGF Improvement Working Group I, this chapter offers a some unique perspectives from an Internet governance insider. Kleinwächter also comments on various events and perspectives regarding the continuing leadership debate on the Internet.
PART IV
MACBRIDE LEGACY
The final section of original chapters is devoted to exploring the MacBride legacy as it relates to the present communication milieu. Katharine Sarikakis begins by examining the trajectory of political claims expressed in the
MacBride Report to the current politics of governance of culture, media and communications. She discusses the role of new trans/urban geographies of production/consumption in the construction of communicative landscapes as they are linked to new priorities in global media policy making.
Robin Mansell focuses on Network Neutrality and the nature of Internets, both public and private in the Post-MacBride Era. She calls on the principles of Civil Society to study the social, political and economic implications of a private Internet. She concludes that justice cannot be
achieved if a growing proportion of online activities is “hidden” from public view and participation.
As a capstone chapter, Richard Vincent uses the concept of Justice and examines the evolution of the MacBride movement, the realities of a global governance system of trade agreements and intellectual property laws. A
major conclusion of this chapter is that any hope that Civil Society might play a dominant role in the WSIS process was dashed as it became obvious that most Civil Society agenda items had ultimately become marginalized and the future for many MacBride-inspired principles was uncertain at best.
Abstract
This book is about a major process of our times: the New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO). The authors contend that the process was formally derailed because of First World resistance and an inability of Third World nations to agree on a common set of objectives and implementation methods. The book is an effort to look into the background for the process, as it has unfolded. It is also an effort to spell out what NWICO might mean, in concrete terms, in four major international news communication themes—peace, development, ecology and war—in a quest for a new global journalism which is problem-conscious, socially conscious, and at home in the world as a whole.
Global Glasnost begins by examining global cause-effect chains, and then attempts to locate some of them on a world political map. The many possible relationships of such a classificatory scheme, and the associated possibilities for change in news communication within the old or new world information and communication order (NWICO), are the subjects of the first chapter. It is concluded that there is little doubt that a quantitative transformation has been taking place, with somewhat less relative emphasis on the former Center and somewhat more on the former Periphery. It is difficult to tell, however, whether this is being accompanied by a similar qualitative transformation, changing the character of what is regarded as news itself. Furthermore, while communication has become more relevant to global problems than ever before, it may also have become increasingly counter-productive. A vast array of detached space/time events or "atoms" have been seemingly presented as news constitutes a set of events, not a set of problems. These notions are developed and explored.
The book then turns to a detailed exploration of the research environment in which news flow and international news content has been examined via both qualita-tive and quantitative research techniques. Prior research is criticized for its failure to look beyond the superficial "flow" of news items, and instead examine deeper themes and messages. The authors argue that through newer approaches to news analysis, our understanding of international news would benefit. Another feature is an expanded discussion of the news structure paradigm first introduced by Professor Galtung in 1961.
Global Glasnost goes on to examine the NWICO concept, as it has unfolded. This is done by thoroughly reviewing U.N./UNESCO conferences, assemblies, discussions and symposia, and various non-aligned movement, government and media organization actions as they pertain to communication from 1946 to the present. We can see some of the complexities, at the macro level, of the relationship between economics and information-communication within the new international order.
The final chapters of the book are an effort to say something concrete about a new global and human journalism for four major issue-areas: peace, development, environment, and war reporting, with the latter including major discussion of the Persian Gulf War. The authors explore various trends found in reporting on these topics, and provide a journalistic agenda for future newswriting. A "high quality" news media, it is argued, would give more attention to periphery people in periphery countries, to how structures operate day in and day out, and to reporting positive factors. Also included in the complex and comprehensive analysis are many observations on the state of journalism, its relationship with elites, and the education of journalists.
Professors Galtung and Vincent conclude that whereas the old interna¬tional order was grounded in much economic exchange—with exploita¬tion, and not much dialogue—an attractive alternative may be greater dialogue with less economic exchange. Yet a new global journalism is still far away. The most likely "development" will be based on much rhetoric that sounds like dialogue and on the structure of the old international economic order, only located at new places. In short, little progress will be made toward global and human journalism. The structure of news has been sliding and jumping all over the globe, but the product has remained basically the same.
Key Words: conflict resolution • content analysis • IRA • newspapers • Northern Ireland
"
use of visual devices and narrative structure. Air crashes raise serious
questions about the safety of technology and arouse many deep-seated fears
associated with flying. The stories were found to provide quite effective
explanations of events which raised and answered questions while also
resolving emotions aroused by the crash. Stories for all networks and all
crashes showed many similarities in their use of visual devices and narrative
structure. These stories may do much to prevent the spread of rumors.
The main issue of the media world is to which extent the resources for communication – both material and mental – are distributed in a fair and equal way between nations and people. New technologies have brought along many new possibilities, but their potential has far from materialized due to social and economic structures. While “imbalance” as the overall theme since the 1970s has been replaced by “digital divide” in the 2010s, the fundamental question is still equity.
The book begins by offering a broad overview of communication by two eminent scholars. Johan Galtung’s presentation of the triangle State-Capital-Civil Society is a classic in the study of media and society. Majid Tehranian’s examination of communication and democracy suggests an exceptionally powerful historical and visionary perspective.
The rest of the chapters are either updated from the first edition or new chapters that provide up-to-the-moment appraisals of some of the most important socioeconomic and political issues that affect the world of communication currently.
The Appendix provides a complete record of the eleven MacBride Round Tables that were held between 1989 and 1999, a strategic move to carry on the idea of the NWICO in the ecumenical spirit of democratization of communication as advocated by the MacBride Report Many Voices, One World (1980).
This book is meant for the students and scholars of international communication and development, political economy and international relations. It is also a resource for members of governments and NGOs, as well as advocates of human rights and grassroots communication.
PART I
GLOBAL VISIONS
Johan Galtung, the scholar who first introduced the concept of news structure, and then later helped pioneer the notion of center and periphery in international communication and political economy, offers a seminal chapter which argues that all modern societies are built on three pillars: State, Capital and Civil Society. While there has always been communication between State and Civil Society, though often weak and tenuous, the economic sphere seems a law unto itself. There are few communication channels between State and Capital, and none at all between Capital and Civil
Society's condition causing frustration and repression.
The new world disorder is the subject of Majid Tehranian's chapter. A political economist and global communication scholar, Tehranian critiques discourses on the new world order and analyzes the global changes taking place, and their implications for communication and democratization. The chapter offers both historical and visionary insights. All indicators point to the need to strengthen, through dialogue and new means of self-expression, democratic diversity and cultural pluralism of two-thirds of humankind
which hitherto have been objects rather than subjects of history.
Both of these chapters appeared in the first edition of this book but here they are reproduced as shorter versions.
PART II
MacBRIDE MOVEMENT
The second section is directly devoted to the MacBride movement itself.
Kaarle Nordenstreng, a scholar and activist in the NWICO movement from its beginning, reviews the great media debate, the context of the movement from the important years of the early 1970s on. This chapter is reproduced from the first edition of this book and is updated to cover the developments to the new millennium.
Mustapha Masmoudi, Tunisia’s former Minister of Information, who hosted the 1976 Non-Aligned Symposium on Information where the concept of NWICO was created, sat on the Unesco MacBride Commission in the late 1970s and wrote before his death in 2013 a review of MacBride
Report objectives with parallels to the more recent World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS). His testimony was not included in the first edition.
PART III
PROSPECTIVES AND PERSPECTIVES
The third section takes up some strands in the rope that ties us to the future. Focusing on journalism, Dennis Davis identifies a new role for journalism in postmodern societies, namely, to construct and share culture and provide a bridge between different cultures.
Development journalism is then taken up by Hemant Shaw, who proposes a normative model that would foster emancipation from modernization. These two are edited versions of respective chapters in the first edition.
Wolfgang Kleinwächter finally reviews the history of transborder communication in an original chapter As a member of WGIG and the UN IGF Improvement Working Group I, this chapter offers a some unique perspectives from an Internet governance insider. Kleinwächter also comments on various events and perspectives regarding the continuing leadership debate on the Internet.
PART IV
MACBRIDE LEGACY
The final section of original chapters is devoted to exploring the MacBride legacy as it relates to the present communication milieu. Katharine Sarikakis begins by examining the trajectory of political claims expressed in the
MacBride Report to the current politics of governance of culture, media and communications. She discusses the role of new trans/urban geographies of production/consumption in the construction of communicative landscapes as they are linked to new priorities in global media policy making.
Robin Mansell focuses on Network Neutrality and the nature of Internets, both public and private in the Post-MacBride Era. She calls on the principles of Civil Society to study the social, political and economic implications of a private Internet. She concludes that justice cannot be
achieved if a growing proportion of online activities is “hidden” from public view and participation.
As a capstone chapter, Richard Vincent uses the concept of Justice and examines the evolution of the MacBride movement, the realities of a global governance system of trade agreements and intellectual property laws. A
major conclusion of this chapter is that any hope that Civil Society might play a dominant role in the WSIS process was dashed as it became obvious that most Civil Society agenda items had ultimately become marginalized and the future for many MacBride-inspired principles was uncertain at best.
Abstract
This book is about a major process of our times: the New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO). The authors contend that the process was formally derailed because of First World resistance and an inability of Third World nations to agree on a common set of objectives and implementation methods. The book is an effort to look into the background for the process, as it has unfolded. It is also an effort to spell out what NWICO might mean, in concrete terms, in four major international news communication themes—peace, development, ecology and war—in a quest for a new global journalism which is problem-conscious, socially conscious, and at home in the world as a whole.
Global Glasnost begins by examining global cause-effect chains, and then attempts to locate some of them on a world political map. The many possible relationships of such a classificatory scheme, and the associated possibilities for change in news communication within the old or new world information and communication order (NWICO), are the subjects of the first chapter. It is concluded that there is little doubt that a quantitative transformation has been taking place, with somewhat less relative emphasis on the former Center and somewhat more on the former Periphery. It is difficult to tell, however, whether this is being accompanied by a similar qualitative transformation, changing the character of what is regarded as news itself. Furthermore, while communication has become more relevant to global problems than ever before, it may also have become increasingly counter-productive. A vast array of detached space/time events or "atoms" have been seemingly presented as news constitutes a set of events, not a set of problems. These notions are developed and explored.
The book then turns to a detailed exploration of the research environment in which news flow and international news content has been examined via both qualita-tive and quantitative research techniques. Prior research is criticized for its failure to look beyond the superficial "flow" of news items, and instead examine deeper themes and messages. The authors argue that through newer approaches to news analysis, our understanding of international news would benefit. Another feature is an expanded discussion of the news structure paradigm first introduced by Professor Galtung in 1961.
Global Glasnost goes on to examine the NWICO concept, as it has unfolded. This is done by thoroughly reviewing U.N./UNESCO conferences, assemblies, discussions and symposia, and various non-aligned movement, government and media organization actions as they pertain to communication from 1946 to the present. We can see some of the complexities, at the macro level, of the relationship between economics and information-communication within the new international order.
The final chapters of the book are an effort to say something concrete about a new global and human journalism for four major issue-areas: peace, development, environment, and war reporting, with the latter including major discussion of the Persian Gulf War. The authors explore various trends found in reporting on these topics, and provide a journalistic agenda for future newswriting. A "high quality" news media, it is argued, would give more attention to periphery people in periphery countries, to how structures operate day in and day out, and to reporting positive factors. Also included in the complex and comprehensive analysis are many observations on the state of journalism, its relationship with elites, and the education of journalists.
Professors Galtung and Vincent conclude that whereas the old interna¬tional order was grounded in much economic exchange—with exploita¬tion, and not much dialogue—an attractive alternative may be greater dialogue with less economic exchange. Yet a new global journalism is still far away. The most likely "development" will be based on much rhetoric that sounds like dialogue and on the structure of the old international economic order, only located at new places. In short, little progress will be made toward global and human journalism. The structure of news has been sliding and jumping all over the globe, but the product has remained basically the same.
Key Words: conflict resolution • content analysis • IRA • newspapers • Northern Ireland
"
use of visual devices and narrative structure. Air crashes raise serious
questions about the safety of technology and arouse many deep-seated fears
associated with flying. The stories were found to provide quite effective
explanations of events which raised and answered questions while also
resolving emotions aroused by the crash. Stories for all networks and all
crashes showed many similarities in their use of visual devices and narrative
structure. These stories may do much to prevent the spread of rumors.