Objective: To investigate macroscopic, microscopic, qualitative phytochemical and pharmacognostic... more Objective: To investigate macroscopic, microscopic, qualitative phytochemical and pharmacognostic parameters of Kantakari (Solanum surrattense Burm f.) root, a plant species which is well mentioned in Ayurvedic classics and an important constituent of Ayurvedic combination forms i.e. laghupanchmula and dashmula. The plant is also used in preparation of variety of indigenous medicine. Methods: Macroscopic, microscopic, qualitative phytochemical analysis, physiochemical analysis, extractive values in ethanol and water of the root were done. Results: Macroscopic and microscopic study showed distinct morphological characteristics in the root. Physiochemical analysis of root powder revealed, moisture content 2.1%, total ash 10.4%, acid-insolubal ash 2.7%, sulphated ash 11.33%, alcohol soluble extractive7.5%, water soluble extractive 13.6%. Alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins, resins, saponins, steroid, tannin, starch, glycosides, flavonoids and triterpenoids were present in root extracts....
Azadirachta indica leaves indicated the presence of active principles with proven antioxidants, a... more Azadirachta indica leaves indicated the presence of active principles with proven antioxidants, antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory, free radical scavenging and healing properties. In the present study we evaluated the healing effects of 50% ethanol extract of dried leaves of Azadirachta indica on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in rats. Azadirachta indica extract (500 mg/kg) was administered orally, once daily for 14 days and studied for its effects on diarrhoea, food and water intake, body weight changes, colonic damage and inflammation, histology, antibacterial activity and free radicals (nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation), antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione) and myeloperoxidase activities in colonic tissue. Intracolonic trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid increased colonic mucosal damage and inflammation, diarrhea, but decreased body weight which were reversed by Azadirachta indica extract and sulfasalazine (positive control) treatments...
Journal of Drug Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, 2017
Introduction Laghupanchamula is a compound formulation prepared by combinations of roots of five ... more Introduction Laghupanchamula is a compound formulation prepared by combinations of roots of five herbs. Two variants of Laghupanchamula have been described in Ayurvedic classics where beside four common herbs fifth one is either Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris L.) or Eranda (Ricinus communis L.). The objective of the study is to make comparison between two variants of Laghupanchmula with respect to important group of phytochemicals and antioxidant activity to corroborate the science behind their therapeutic utility. Materials and methods Standard methods have been followed for quantitative determination of total quantity of phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and flavonols, and in vitro antioxidant activity in variants of Laghupanchmula formulations. Qualitative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis has also been performed to establish presence/absence of important chemical constituents in formulations. Results Additional quantity of phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and flavon...
Pongamia pinnata has been advocated in Ayurveda for the treatment of various inflammatory conditi... more Pongamia pinnata has been advocated in Ayurveda for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions and dyspepsia. The present work includes initial phytochemical screening and study of ulcer protective and healing effects of methanolic extract of seeds of P. pinnata (PPSM) in rats. Phytochemical tests indicated the presence of flavonoids in PPSM. PPSM when administered orally (po) showed dose-dependent (12.5-50 mg/kg for 5 days) ulcer protective effects against gastric ulcer induced by 2 h cold restraint stress. Optimal effective dose of PPSM (25 mg/kg) showed antiulcerogenic activity against acute gastric ulcers (GU) induced by pylorus ligation and aspirin and duodenal ulcer induced by cysteamine but not against ethanol-induced GU. It healed chronic gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid when given for 5 and 10 days. Further, its effects were studied on various parameters of gastric offensive acid-pepsin secretion, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and nitric oxide (NO) and defensive mucosa...
Usc of Dipaniya Mahakasaya, a group consist in ;~ of I 0 herbal dru gs, has been suggested in C h... more Usc of Dipaniya Mahakasaya, a group consist in ;~ of I 0 herbal dru gs, has been suggested in C haraka Samhit a to improve digestion. Out of these I 0 plants, three, viz. P. longton (water decoction), Z. officianalis (water decoction) and Femia species (coll oid al solution) were studied for th eir an tiul cer and mechani sm of antiulcer e ffects in rat s. All th e dru gs m th e dose of 50 mg/kg, po, 60 min prior to experiment, showed significant protection against gas tric ul cers in duced by 2 hr co ld restraint stress, aspirin (200 mg/kg, 4 hr) and 4 hr pylorus li gati on. The an tiul cerogenic effect seemed to be due to th e augmentation of mu cin secreti on and decreased cell sheddin g rath er th an offensive acid and pepsin secreti on which however, were found to be increased by th em.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Physalis somnifera L.) is a fairly ... more ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Physalis somnifera L.) is a fairly known perennial shrub of Solanaceae family, and is used in Ayurveda- Traditional Indian Medicine (TIM), since ancient times. It is well known as Ashwagandha in Sanskrit language in Ayurvedic classics. Its Mula (root) is recommended for health and healing, and the number of single and compound formulation is prescribed rationally. It is believed that the species name-somnifera is coined based on popular use to "induce sleep" in Ayurveda. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was aimed to bring out the experience-based traditional uses of Ashwagandha for health and healing with an emphasis on the pharmacological and biochemical scientific evidences to corroborate them. The scientific evidences have been explored from the national and international publications. MATERIALS AND METHOD A comprehensive literary search of Ayurvedic classics was carried out systematically regarding Ashwagandha for its rationality behind the traditional uses. To excavate the subject matter, the original Ayurvedic scriptures and several standard Ayurvedic texts of different period was studied insightfully for meaningful contribution. It is to be noted that the primary source of knowledge was considered in writing this manuscript without any biased attitude. The available literature on Ashwagandha was also searched to ascertain the basis of scientific Latin name and correct identity. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia and other relevant scientific works were also taken into consideration to make the subject matter more clearly to the scientific world. For the scientific evidence of the uses, the international and national Journals and other published material were also searched to make it inquisitiveness to the scholars interested in Ayurvedic medicinal plants. RESULTS The present paper throws ancient luminosity behind the therapeutic uses of one of the promising plant drug i.e., Ashwagandha of ancient India even to the present time. The scientific evidences corroborate the rationality ascribed in available Ayurvedic classics of various period of India has been gained. CONCLUSION The study explores that the first reference of Ashwagandha with its significant nomenclature, useful part, properties, action, and eloquent uses has its footprint in the original texts of Ayurveda. In later works enhanced knowledge with traditional uses continued even today. Several single and compound formulations have been found to maintain the health and to alleviate the disorders rationally. It is worthy to note here that the scientific evidences corroborate the uses practiced in Ayurveda.
Herbs and Spices - New Processing Technologies, 2021
Traditional Indian Medicine (TIM)- Ayurveda is a Sanskrit Language word, which signifies “true kn... more Traditional Indian Medicine (TIM)- Ayurveda is a Sanskrit Language word, which signifies “true knowledge of life”. It is recognized as one of the oldest Traditional health care systems of the World by World Health Organization. In fact, it was a main stream health care system till the introduction of convention medicine in India. Plant, animal and mineral origin natural substances are used in Ayurveda for health and healing. Of them, Garlic is one of the plant origin substances. Garlic is known as Lasuna, which signifies, destroyer of diseases. The fresh plants of Garlic are used as edible food substance and also the dried cloves are on ripening to alleviate the disorders rationally in TIM. Garlic is recommended as physical strength promoting, intellect promoting and as aphrodisiac to maintain healthy state of life. Its properties like- unctuous, hot, pungent, heavy has been described to alleviates skin diseases, intra abdominal tumor, chronic rhinitis, hemicranias, epilepsy, fainti...
Field survey was conducted in rural areas of Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh including Ramnaga... more Field survey was conducted in rural areas of Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh including Ramnagar, Manduadih and surrounding areas to identify and collect information on undocumented medicinal plants (Anukta Dravya) by direct interaction with folklore people through field survey and indirect means by means of comprehensive survey of available literature. Local names of undocumented medicinal plants along with other relevant information were collected, after recording local names of medicinal plants, their botanical identification was done by comprehensive survey of literature, and the plants were identified according to Bentham & Hooker's system of classification using local floristic works. Expert opinion of plant taxonomists was also sought for cross checking and confirmation on identity. The freshly collected specimens were photographed for visual identification of the species. After identification, nomenclature of 10 Anukta Dravya was done as per the criteria of nomenclatur...
Leea macrophylla Roxb. ex Hornem. (Leeaceae) commonly known as Hastikarnapalasa is mainly distrib... more Leea macrophylla Roxb. ex Hornem. (Leeaceae) commonly known as Hastikarnapalasa is mainly distributed throughout the tropical parts of India. Traditionally, the plant is found to be effective against guinea worm, ringworm and is applied to sores and wounds. The present study aims to validate traditional wound healing claim of Leea macrophylla scientifically. Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the extraction process. The optimized root tuber extract of Leea macrophylla was standardized with chlorogenic acid by HPLC for the first time. Both oral and topical routes were selected as administrative means for the wound healing study using excision and incision wound model. For topical treatment bioadhesive gel was formulated and characterized for mechanical and physical characteristics by texture profile analysis (TPA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect on wound healing was also assessed by evaluating antioxidant enzymes viz. glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismut...
In Ayurveda, Leea macrophylla Roxb. ex Hornem. (Leeaceae) is indicated in worm infestation, derma... more In Ayurveda, Leea macrophylla Roxb. ex Hornem. (Leeaceae) is indicated in worm infestation, dermatopathies, wounds, inflammation, and in symptoms of diabetes. The present study aims to determine the antioxidant and antibacterial potential of ethanolic extract and its different fractions of Leea macrophylla root tubers using phytochemical profiling which is still unexplored. Quantitative estimations of different phytoconstituents along with characterization of ethanol extract using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were performed using chlorogenic acid as a marker compound for the first time. The extract and its successive fractions were also evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity using different models. The extract was further tested against a few Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria for its antibacterial activity. Phytochemical screening and quantitative estimations revealed the extract to be rich in alkaloid, flavonoid, phenols, and tannins, whereas chlorogenic acid quantified by HPLC in ethanol extract was 9.01% w/w. The results also indicated potential antioxidant and antibacterial activity, which was more prominent in the extract followed by its butanol fraction.
AYU (An International Quarterly Journal of Research in Ayurveda), 2014
came into existence with the passage of time containing four common plants viz. Kantakari (Solanu... more came into existence with the passage of time containing four common plants viz. Kantakari (Solanum surratense Burm f.), Brihati (Solanum indicum Linn.), Shalaparni (Desmodium gangeticum DC.), and Prinshniparni (Uraria picta Desv.) with either Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris Linn.
Anti-inflammatory studies were conducted on a hot water decoction and on an ethanol extract of th... more Anti-inflammatory studies were conducted on a hot water decoction and on an ethanol extract of the stems of Polygonum glabrum. Effective anti-inflammatory activity was demonstrated against acute carrageenan-induced paw oedema, exudate and granuloma formation in the granuloma pouch test, acute and delayed reactions in formaldehyde arthritis, and acute primary and delayed secondary reactions in adjuvant-induced polyarthritis in albino rats. The acute toxicity in albino mice and 1-month studies on subacute toxicity in rats suggested a good margin of safety. The extract was more effective parenterally than by oral administration.
Anti-inflammatory studies were conducted on an ethanol extract of Echinops echinatus whole plant.... more Anti-inflammatory studies were conducted on an ethanol extract of Echinops echinatus whole plant. The extract effectively inhibited the acute inflammation induced in rats by carrageenan, formaldehyde and adjuvant and the chronic arthritis induced by formaldehyde and adjuvant. The extract was more effective parenterally than orally. The toxicity studies showed reasonable safety warranting further studies.
In Ayurveda, a healthy body is defined by a balance among the three doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) a... more In Ayurveda, a healthy body is defined by a balance among the three doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) and ailments result due to imbalances among them. It prescribes specific plant parts/tissues collected in a season-specific manner for curing dosha-related imbalances but the plants prescribed for treating a particular dosha imbalance belong to taxonomically diverse families and often contain similar classes of phytomolecules, making it difficult to provide a phytochemical validation for any similarity that might exist among them. This exploratory study hypothesised that plants of the same dosha-curing group may have similarity at the transcript level. For proving/disproving the hypothesis, cDNA-AFLP and specific expression subset analysis (SESA) were carried out on the Ayurveda-defined active tissues of four representative plants each of the three dosha-balancing groups. cDNA-AFLP analyses indicated that even though the plants belonging to a particular dosha-group may widely differ at the transcript level, there is a small fraction of transcripts that is monomorphic among their active tissues. SESA (Tester-active tissue cDNA; Driver-cDNA from other major tissue[s]) generated 803 subtractive ESTs from the twelve plants that yielded 150 unigenes upon assembly (of ESTs from each plant separately). Cross-plant EST assembly for plants in the same dosha group also corroborated the results. Although a distinct pattern of transcripts was not observed across all the plants in a particular dosha group, some commonalities were obtained that need further characterization towards searching for the hitherto elusive similarity among plants of the same group.
Objective: To investigate macroscopic, microscopic, qualitative phytochemical and pharmacognostic... more Objective: To investigate macroscopic, microscopic, qualitative phytochemical and pharmacognostic parameters of Kantakari (Solanum surrattense Burm f.) root, a plant species which is well mentioned in Ayurvedic classics and an important constituent of Ayurvedic combination forms i.e. laghupanchmula and dashmula. The plant is also used in preparation of variety of indigenous medicine. Methods: Macroscopic, microscopic, qualitative phytochemical analysis, physiochemical analysis, extractive values in ethanol and water of the root were done. Results: Macroscopic and microscopic study showed distinct morphological characteristics in the root. Physiochemical analysis of root powder revealed, moisture content 2.1%, total ash 10.4%, acid-insolubal ash 2.7%, sulphated ash 11.33%, alcohol soluble extractive7.5%, water soluble extractive 13.6%. Alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins, resins, saponins, steroid, tannin, starch, glycosides, flavonoids and triterpenoids were present in root extracts....
Azadirachta indica leaves indicated the presence of active principles with proven antioxidants, a... more Azadirachta indica leaves indicated the presence of active principles with proven antioxidants, antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory, free radical scavenging and healing properties. In the present study we evaluated the healing effects of 50% ethanol extract of dried leaves of Azadirachta indica on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in rats. Azadirachta indica extract (500 mg/kg) was administered orally, once daily for 14 days and studied for its effects on diarrhoea, food and water intake, body weight changes, colonic damage and inflammation, histology, antibacterial activity and free radicals (nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation), antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione) and myeloperoxidase activities in colonic tissue. Intracolonic trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid increased colonic mucosal damage and inflammation, diarrhea, but decreased body weight which were reversed by Azadirachta indica extract and sulfasalazine (positive control) treatments...
Journal of Drug Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, 2017
Introduction Laghupanchamula is a compound formulation prepared by combinations of roots of five ... more Introduction Laghupanchamula is a compound formulation prepared by combinations of roots of five herbs. Two variants of Laghupanchamula have been described in Ayurvedic classics where beside four common herbs fifth one is either Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris L.) or Eranda (Ricinus communis L.). The objective of the study is to make comparison between two variants of Laghupanchmula with respect to important group of phytochemicals and antioxidant activity to corroborate the science behind their therapeutic utility. Materials and methods Standard methods have been followed for quantitative determination of total quantity of phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and flavonols, and in vitro antioxidant activity in variants of Laghupanchmula formulations. Qualitative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis has also been performed to establish presence/absence of important chemical constituents in formulations. Results Additional quantity of phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and flavon...
Pongamia pinnata has been advocated in Ayurveda for the treatment of various inflammatory conditi... more Pongamia pinnata has been advocated in Ayurveda for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions and dyspepsia. The present work includes initial phytochemical screening and study of ulcer protective and healing effects of methanolic extract of seeds of P. pinnata (PPSM) in rats. Phytochemical tests indicated the presence of flavonoids in PPSM. PPSM when administered orally (po) showed dose-dependent (12.5-50 mg/kg for 5 days) ulcer protective effects against gastric ulcer induced by 2 h cold restraint stress. Optimal effective dose of PPSM (25 mg/kg) showed antiulcerogenic activity against acute gastric ulcers (GU) induced by pylorus ligation and aspirin and duodenal ulcer induced by cysteamine but not against ethanol-induced GU. It healed chronic gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid when given for 5 and 10 days. Further, its effects were studied on various parameters of gastric offensive acid-pepsin secretion, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and nitric oxide (NO) and defensive mucosa...
Usc of Dipaniya Mahakasaya, a group consist in ;~ of I 0 herbal dru gs, has been suggested in C h... more Usc of Dipaniya Mahakasaya, a group consist in ;~ of I 0 herbal dru gs, has been suggested in C haraka Samhit a to improve digestion. Out of these I 0 plants, three, viz. P. longton (water decoction), Z. officianalis (water decoction) and Femia species (coll oid al solution) were studied for th eir an tiul cer and mechani sm of antiulcer e ffects in rat s. All th e dru gs m th e dose of 50 mg/kg, po, 60 min prior to experiment, showed significant protection against gas tric ul cers in duced by 2 hr co ld restraint stress, aspirin (200 mg/kg, 4 hr) and 4 hr pylorus li gati on. The an tiul cerogenic effect seemed to be due to th e augmentation of mu cin secreti on and decreased cell sheddin g rath er th an offensive acid and pepsin secreti on which however, were found to be increased by th em.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Physalis somnifera L.) is a fairly ... more ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Physalis somnifera L.) is a fairly known perennial shrub of Solanaceae family, and is used in Ayurveda- Traditional Indian Medicine (TIM), since ancient times. It is well known as Ashwagandha in Sanskrit language in Ayurvedic classics. Its Mula (root) is recommended for health and healing, and the number of single and compound formulation is prescribed rationally. It is believed that the species name-somnifera is coined based on popular use to "induce sleep" in Ayurveda. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was aimed to bring out the experience-based traditional uses of Ashwagandha for health and healing with an emphasis on the pharmacological and biochemical scientific evidences to corroborate them. The scientific evidences have been explored from the national and international publications. MATERIALS AND METHOD A comprehensive literary search of Ayurvedic classics was carried out systematically regarding Ashwagandha for its rationality behind the traditional uses. To excavate the subject matter, the original Ayurvedic scriptures and several standard Ayurvedic texts of different period was studied insightfully for meaningful contribution. It is to be noted that the primary source of knowledge was considered in writing this manuscript without any biased attitude. The available literature on Ashwagandha was also searched to ascertain the basis of scientific Latin name and correct identity. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia and other relevant scientific works were also taken into consideration to make the subject matter more clearly to the scientific world. For the scientific evidence of the uses, the international and national Journals and other published material were also searched to make it inquisitiveness to the scholars interested in Ayurvedic medicinal plants. RESULTS The present paper throws ancient luminosity behind the therapeutic uses of one of the promising plant drug i.e., Ashwagandha of ancient India even to the present time. The scientific evidences corroborate the rationality ascribed in available Ayurvedic classics of various period of India has been gained. CONCLUSION The study explores that the first reference of Ashwagandha with its significant nomenclature, useful part, properties, action, and eloquent uses has its footprint in the original texts of Ayurveda. In later works enhanced knowledge with traditional uses continued even today. Several single and compound formulations have been found to maintain the health and to alleviate the disorders rationally. It is worthy to note here that the scientific evidences corroborate the uses practiced in Ayurveda.
Herbs and Spices - New Processing Technologies, 2021
Traditional Indian Medicine (TIM)- Ayurveda is a Sanskrit Language word, which signifies “true kn... more Traditional Indian Medicine (TIM)- Ayurveda is a Sanskrit Language word, which signifies “true knowledge of life”. It is recognized as one of the oldest Traditional health care systems of the World by World Health Organization. In fact, it was a main stream health care system till the introduction of convention medicine in India. Plant, animal and mineral origin natural substances are used in Ayurveda for health and healing. Of them, Garlic is one of the plant origin substances. Garlic is known as Lasuna, which signifies, destroyer of diseases. The fresh plants of Garlic are used as edible food substance and also the dried cloves are on ripening to alleviate the disorders rationally in TIM. Garlic is recommended as physical strength promoting, intellect promoting and as aphrodisiac to maintain healthy state of life. Its properties like- unctuous, hot, pungent, heavy has been described to alleviates skin diseases, intra abdominal tumor, chronic rhinitis, hemicranias, epilepsy, fainti...
Field survey was conducted in rural areas of Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh including Ramnaga... more Field survey was conducted in rural areas of Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh including Ramnagar, Manduadih and surrounding areas to identify and collect information on undocumented medicinal plants (Anukta Dravya) by direct interaction with folklore people through field survey and indirect means by means of comprehensive survey of available literature. Local names of undocumented medicinal plants along with other relevant information were collected, after recording local names of medicinal plants, their botanical identification was done by comprehensive survey of literature, and the plants were identified according to Bentham & Hooker's system of classification using local floristic works. Expert opinion of plant taxonomists was also sought for cross checking and confirmation on identity. The freshly collected specimens were photographed for visual identification of the species. After identification, nomenclature of 10 Anukta Dravya was done as per the criteria of nomenclatur...
Leea macrophylla Roxb. ex Hornem. (Leeaceae) commonly known as Hastikarnapalasa is mainly distrib... more Leea macrophylla Roxb. ex Hornem. (Leeaceae) commonly known as Hastikarnapalasa is mainly distributed throughout the tropical parts of India. Traditionally, the plant is found to be effective against guinea worm, ringworm and is applied to sores and wounds. The present study aims to validate traditional wound healing claim of Leea macrophylla scientifically. Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the extraction process. The optimized root tuber extract of Leea macrophylla was standardized with chlorogenic acid by HPLC for the first time. Both oral and topical routes were selected as administrative means for the wound healing study using excision and incision wound model. For topical treatment bioadhesive gel was formulated and characterized for mechanical and physical characteristics by texture profile analysis (TPA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect on wound healing was also assessed by evaluating antioxidant enzymes viz. glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismut...
In Ayurveda, Leea macrophylla Roxb. ex Hornem. (Leeaceae) is indicated in worm infestation, derma... more In Ayurveda, Leea macrophylla Roxb. ex Hornem. (Leeaceae) is indicated in worm infestation, dermatopathies, wounds, inflammation, and in symptoms of diabetes. The present study aims to determine the antioxidant and antibacterial potential of ethanolic extract and its different fractions of Leea macrophylla root tubers using phytochemical profiling which is still unexplored. Quantitative estimations of different phytoconstituents along with characterization of ethanol extract using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were performed using chlorogenic acid as a marker compound for the first time. The extract and its successive fractions were also evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity using different models. The extract was further tested against a few Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria for its antibacterial activity. Phytochemical screening and quantitative estimations revealed the extract to be rich in alkaloid, flavonoid, phenols, and tannins, whereas chlorogenic acid quantified by HPLC in ethanol extract was 9.01% w/w. The results also indicated potential antioxidant and antibacterial activity, which was more prominent in the extract followed by its butanol fraction.
AYU (An International Quarterly Journal of Research in Ayurveda), 2014
came into existence with the passage of time containing four common plants viz. Kantakari (Solanu... more came into existence with the passage of time containing four common plants viz. Kantakari (Solanum surratense Burm f.), Brihati (Solanum indicum Linn.), Shalaparni (Desmodium gangeticum DC.), and Prinshniparni (Uraria picta Desv.) with either Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris Linn.
Anti-inflammatory studies were conducted on a hot water decoction and on an ethanol extract of th... more Anti-inflammatory studies were conducted on a hot water decoction and on an ethanol extract of the stems of Polygonum glabrum. Effective anti-inflammatory activity was demonstrated against acute carrageenan-induced paw oedema, exudate and granuloma formation in the granuloma pouch test, acute and delayed reactions in formaldehyde arthritis, and acute primary and delayed secondary reactions in adjuvant-induced polyarthritis in albino rats. The acute toxicity in albino mice and 1-month studies on subacute toxicity in rats suggested a good margin of safety. The extract was more effective parenterally than by oral administration.
Anti-inflammatory studies were conducted on an ethanol extract of Echinops echinatus whole plant.... more Anti-inflammatory studies were conducted on an ethanol extract of Echinops echinatus whole plant. The extract effectively inhibited the acute inflammation induced in rats by carrageenan, formaldehyde and adjuvant and the chronic arthritis induced by formaldehyde and adjuvant. The extract was more effective parenterally than orally. The toxicity studies showed reasonable safety warranting further studies.
In Ayurveda, a healthy body is defined by a balance among the three doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) a... more In Ayurveda, a healthy body is defined by a balance among the three doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) and ailments result due to imbalances among them. It prescribes specific plant parts/tissues collected in a season-specific manner for curing dosha-related imbalances but the plants prescribed for treating a particular dosha imbalance belong to taxonomically diverse families and often contain similar classes of phytomolecules, making it difficult to provide a phytochemical validation for any similarity that might exist among them. This exploratory study hypothesised that plants of the same dosha-curing group may have similarity at the transcript level. For proving/disproving the hypothesis, cDNA-AFLP and specific expression subset analysis (SESA) were carried out on the Ayurveda-defined active tissues of four representative plants each of the three dosha-balancing groups. cDNA-AFLP analyses indicated that even though the plants belonging to a particular dosha-group may widely differ at the transcript level, there is a small fraction of transcripts that is monomorphic among their active tissues. SESA (Tester-active tissue cDNA; Driver-cDNA from other major tissue[s]) generated 803 subtractive ESTs from the twelve plants that yielded 150 unigenes upon assembly (of ESTs from each plant separately). Cross-plant EST assembly for plants in the same dosha group also corroborated the results. Although a distinct pattern of transcripts was not observed across all the plants in a particular dosha group, some commonalities were obtained that need further characterization towards searching for the hitherto elusive similarity among plants of the same group.
Uploads
Papers by vinod joshi