Papers by International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management (IJHCUM)
178 Inherent health, safety and environmental risk assessment of nanoparticle synthesis M. Torabi... more 178 Inherent health, safety and environmental risk assessment of nanoparticle synthesis M. Torabifard, R. Arjmandi , A. Rashidi, J. Nouri, I. Mohammadfam 1 Department of Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 3 Nanotechnology Research Center, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran 4 Department of Environment and Energy ,Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 5 Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty af Health, University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran Submitted March 16 2017; Revised May 25, 2017
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Land use change can directly affect rainfall-runoff relationships. The... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Land use change can directly affect rainfall-runoff relationships. The change in land use is an essential factor in runoff production. This research evaluated the effect of urban development scenarios of land use change on runoff in Gonabad city of Iran. The innovation and importance of this work are to determine which land use changes have the greatest impact on the flood discharge in this urban area. Also, determine how much the minimum development of urban green space is to control and reduce peak flood discharge in this city that is located in a dry area. METHODS: The effect of urban development scenarios on runoff was evaluated by the WinTR-55 model in 5 sub-basins of Gonabad city. The main data required for inputting to the WinTR-55 model are sub-area and reach characteristics, curve number, and storm data. The storm data in TR-55 are 24-hour rainfall amounts in a return period of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years. The changes in the maximum flood discharge and flow hydrograph in each sub-area and return period were calculated by the WinTR-55 model under existing land use conditions and 9 scenarios of urban development. FINDINGS: The greatest increase in runoff production was related to the conversion of abandoned fallow and agricultural lands to residential. Also, the most effective increase or decrease of land cover change in peak flow discharge and total flow volume was at the 2-year return period. The decreased effect of the development of green spaces and urban gardens on peak flow discharge and total flow volume was seen only if their development was more than 50%. The average maximum decrease in peak discharge and total flow volume was 22.7% and 16.1%, respectively. While the average maximum increase in peak discharge and total flow volume was 84.4% and 53.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The effect of increasing green spaces and urban gardens on the reduction of peak discharge and volume of runoff was also evident in the study area. Land management and preventing the conversion of permeable land uses such as agricultural, gardening, fallow lands, and rangeland will be much simpler and less costly. Urban land use management to prevent urban floods requires the expansion of permeable surfaces, especially green spaces, and urban gardens. These are the important novelty of this research that can be beneficial for future urban developments of Gonabad city and its flood management activities.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Several investigations were previously conducted on the crucial role o... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Several investigations were previously conducted on the crucial role of Accounting Information System in enhancing organizational performance and accountability. However, there is a limited amount of knowledge regarding the factors that influence the quality of Accounting information system, especially when considering their application in local government settings in developing countries. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the factors determining Accounting information system quality in local government of Indonesia, including availability and functions of network, hardware, and software. The mediating role of accounting competency was also explored using resource orchestration theory. METHODS: This study adopted a questionnaire survey method and conducted statistical hypothesis testing using Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) method. The data were obtained from local government organization staff in Yogyakarta Special Region, selected based on involvement in using software. FINDINGS: The results showed that availability and functions of network and software, as well as accounting competency, were positively correlated with accounting information system quality, with p-values of 0.000, 0.023, and 0.000, respectively. Meanwhile, availability and functions of hardware did not show a significant correlation, as evidenced by p-value of 0.375. Accounting competency significantly mediated the relationship between availability and functions of network, software, and Accounting information system quality, with p-values of 0.032 and 0.001, respectively. Moreover, Adj. R2 was 0.467 (medium level), and the SRMR value assessed the model fit at 0.079 (good model fit). CONCLUSION: This study contributed a novel framework related to the determinants of improving Accounting information system quality in local government setting and addressed the debate surrounding the role of accounting competency in the system development. Moreover, there were emphases on the significant mediating role of accounting competency as a prerequisite for other determinants (availability and functions of network, hardware, and software) to promote better Accounting information system quality.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Green human resource management contributes to developing an eco-frien... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Green human resource management contributes to developing an eco-friendly culture by influencing employee green behavior. This study intends to examine the role of green human resource management on voluntary and innovative work eco-friendly behavior using the mediating effect of environmental knowledge. This study examined the direct relationship between Green human resource management practices (recruitment, training and development, compensation, performance appraisal, and employee involvement) and green employee behavior (voluntary and green innovative work behavior). This addresses the growing environmental challenges and the need for sustainable business practices. In order to promote environmentally conscious behavior at work, employers can benefit from the study's implications. METHODS: This study evaluated how environmental knowledge mediates the connection between the green human resource management practices and environmental behavior. Data was drawn from 15 firms in the Indian service sector. To analyze a quantified data set collected through a survey method using structured questionnaire and sent to all respondents through Google forms online survey by using simple random sampling technique. All analyses were conducted using "Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. FINDINGS: The analysis showed that green human resource management practices positively affect employee green behavior. Specifically, the results indicate that green recruitment, compensation, and employee involvement were positively related to one dimension of employee green behavior (green innovative work behavior). Green Performance appraisal was also found to affect green voluntary behavior positively. The path coefficients were positive, when the model's path coefficients (β) and t-statistics were used to evaluate the relationship between the independent and dependent variables, t-value should greater than 1.96 and p value should be greater than 0.05, in this study the following hypotheses are statistically significant (H1c: β=0.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUNS AND OBJECTIVES: As an integral component of urban space, green space assumes a pivotal... more BACKGROUNS AND OBJECTIVES: As an integral component of urban space, green space assumes a pivotal role in the purification and filtration of air, provision of recreational opportunities, and augmentation of the aesthetic allure of the urban landscape. In contemporary urban settings, the significance of urban green spaces is widely acknowledged and embraced as an indispensable facet of the city. The consequences of urban expansion and the resulting environmental problems have indefinitely made the presence of green spaces and their proper distribution essential. Meanwhile, it is necessary to pay attention to achieving spatial balance in the distribution of urban parks, as they are an important component of urban green spaces, particularly in large cities. The population in Karaj city in Iran, has experienced an excessive increase, particularly in the last three decades. This has resulted in the rapid expansion of urban areas the destruction of the natural landscape and the structural pattern of both natural and artificial ecosystems. The city of Karaj, formerly known as Baghshahr, has transformed into a metropolis, with only a few traces of its once abundant urban green spaces remaining. This research aims to evaluate the demand for green space and the distribution capacity among the districts of 3 and 8 of Karaj city. The objective of the current study is to provide solutions based on spatial justice to increase the use of green space.
METHODS: The current research utilizes a combination of descriptive-analytical and critical methods, as well as documentary and survey methods. To analyze and evaluate the condition of green spaces and their mapping, information, and data from relevant organizations and satellite images have been utilized within specific spatial-temporal scales and GIS software.
Results: The results showed that the highest weight obtained was related to participation, with a weight of 0.118. This was followed by social capital, with a weight of 0.116 percent. The lowest weight was related to public services, with a weight of 0.040.
CONCLUSION: District 3 has more green space than District 8 due to the presence of gardens and trees planted by the municipality on the outskirts of the district. Additionally, the political ecology in these neighborhoods has not been impacted by District 3. However, Jahanshahr and Molana neighborhoods in District 8 have a high per capita population due to their small population and large areas of parks. Additionally, the presence of Family, fruit, Fateh and small Iran Gardens, contribute to the high population density in these neighborhoods. However other areas in the district experience a significant shortage of urban green spaces and are affected by the influence of political ecology at both the neighborhood and regional levels.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Adaptive reuse of heritage buildings is important because of their imp... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Adaptive reuse of heritage buildings is important because of their impact on preserving the city's identity and urban integrity, as well as their hidden capabilities and values. In recent years, one of the adaptive reuse projects in existing factories around the world and also in Iran is transforming them into innovation centers. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the effective indicators of designing innovation centers and adapting the industrial heritage buildings to these criteria. This study aims to investigate and prioritize the criteria and indicators of designing innovation centers with industrial heritage renovation. METHODS: The current study is performed in two phases. First, the related literature was studied and criteria regarding industrial heritage and innovation centers were distinguished. In the next phase, post-occupancy evaluation of two cases of innovation centers in Tehran and Mashhad (Azadi innovation factory and Mashhad innovation factory) was carried out and the results were gained by applying structural equation modeling method using SmartPLS software. Thus, users' satisfaction level of these criteria and the importance of each criterion from the users' point of view were investigated. FINDINGS: The results revealed that, for designing innovation centers in industrial heritage sites, four main criteria such as environment, technology and energy, aesthetics and sociocultural could be discussed. According to the presented structural equation modeling, according to users' opinion, environment criteria with Path coefficients of 0.4 in both cases is the most important factor while technology criteria with Path coefficients of 0.3 ranks after it. The factor loadings show that attention should be paid to the appropriate dimensions of work spaces (0.8), flexible and appropriate furniture (0.7-0.9), and providing service areas (0.8). Also, creating a sense of place and increasing productivity and improving social interactions were very important from the users' point of view while designing adaptively reused heritage as innovation centers. CONCLUSION: For designing innovation centers the environment criteria are more important in users' opinion and more attention should be paid to greenery, space and mass and access to the complex. The environmental comfort factors for users are also of high importance and the users' satisfaction level reveals that in these two cases users are almost satisfied with the design.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Human resource analytics played a vital role in human resource practic... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Human resource analytics played a vital role in human resource practices like training, selection and performance management and other function of human resource management. The objective of this study is to identify the major challenges by understanding when, how and why human resource analytics leads to enhancement of performance of organization and unveil the methods that increase organization performances. The aim of stud is identifying the types of human resource decisions that can benefit from analytics and understanding the challenges and opportunities associated with incorporating data into decision-making. Impact on human resource functions: examine the specific areas within human resource management where analytics can have a significant impact. This may involve studying talent acquisition, employee engagement, performance management, training and development, and other human resource functions to assess how data-driven approaches can enhance efficiency and effectiveness. METHODS: The present study is mainly based on the primary data which is collected from human resource management personal of top 10 private life insurance company is considered for data collection of research. The data were collected from 194 employees of the human resource department. Quantitative methods are used to examine primary data gathered from the companies. The data is collected through a questionnaire-based survey. The questionnaires were distributed to the target population, it is a closed questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis and t-test were applied to analyze the data. The statistical package for the social sciences software was used to process the data. Validity and reliability test along with one sample t-test, independent sample t-test are conducted in this research. FINDINGS: The study found that the benefits of human resource analytics such as quick and reliable information processing, helping managers to draw meaningful patterns in the data, deeper insights in the employee data. Human resource analytics on organizational performance, multiple regressions were applied. The study found that the model explained 59% of the variance (R square = .593). The digitalization of human resource functions refers to the process of leveraging technology and digital tools to automate, streamline, and enhance various human resource processes and activities. It involves using digital platforms, software applications, and data-driven approaches to improve efficiency, accuracy, and effectiveness in managing human resources. Digitizing human resource processes reduces complexity within the department while also improving administrative quality and human resource flexibility. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated the importance of these fast decision making, better and improvement in the quality of decision-making significantly affects the human resource organizational performance and human resource functions. The study is helpful for human resource professionals to concentrate more on duties that are relevant to their work. In terms of efficiency, it is found that digitizing human resource procedures leads to an increase in administrative quality and human resource flexibility, as well as a decrease in bureaucracy within the function. Digitalization is a tool that speeds up the communication process while lowering costs, allowing companies to be more productive and perform more effectively and efficiently.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The importance of integrated urban management has become increasingly ... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The importance of integrated urban management has become increasingly evident in today's world, particularly for large cities facing physical, spatial, and demographic growth and complexity. In Iran, the lack of effective citizen participation and integrated management has posed a significant challenge to the urban management system. To address this issue, this research focuses on the role of citizens and urban activists in various levels of Tehran metropolis management, including policy making, planning, supervision, and control. It also evaluates the legislative and executive layers to emphasize their importance in achieving effective urban management. METHODS: The present study adopts a qualitative research design, with a practical orientation in terms of its objectives, and an analytical-exploratory approach for data collection. The study focuses on experts and city managers as the statistical population of interest. To gather data, a questionnaire was developed and distributed among the target community. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which yielded a high value of 0.97. Data analysis involved the use of descriptive statistics, including frequency, frequency percentage, mean, and standard deviation, as well as inferential statistics, specifically the onesample t-test. The statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS software package. FINDINGS: According to the findings, 31.4% of the responses identified the citizens and 25.7% of the responses identified the municipality as the owner of the city. 68.6% of the answers have identified the municipality as the manager of Tehran city. Also, 80% of the respondents said that management fragmentation is the biggest challenge of urban development in Iran. The most influential institutions in the process of urban management are Tehran Municipality at the policy-making level, self-governing experts and researchers at the planning level, the Tehran Islamic Council at the monitoring and control level, the Islamic Council at the legislative level and Tehran Municipality at the executive level, while the citizens are the last. CONCLUSION: The present urban management approach faces significant obstacles in the form of fragmentation and inadequate coordination among decision-making entities. These challenges result in disarray, duplication of efforts, and squandering of resources. Consequently, the absence of transparency and lucidity in the roles of city proprietors and managers, coupled with the lack of precise delineations for the engagement of organizations, individuals, and institutions in the urban management process, could impede the attainment of sustainable development objectives and curtail the capacity of civil society to comprehend and partake in effective urban governance.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Smart cities are technology-driven urban agglomerations. Sustainabilit... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Smart cities are technology-driven urban agglomerations. Sustainability, competitiveness, and quality of life are the three cardinal principles for smart cities. The available studies specific to smart cities are related to smart technologies, innovations, smart infrastructure, etc., and limited studies are conducted from citizens' perspectives. The present study aims to assess the impact of governance, general well-being, also called ease of living of citizens, and citizens' perception of smart cities on their quality of life in mid-sized smart cities of India. The innovation and novelty of present study is that it attempts to fill the research gap in studies on smart cities by adopting the citizen-centric approach rather than infrastructure and technology-centric approach in developing countries. METHODS: Three Indian mid-sized smart cities, Pune, Nagpur, and Indore were identified for the study. For the purpose of this study, a few hypotheses were developed and a structured questionnaire was prepared from the literature review. The data was collected from Pune, Nagpur, and Indore smart cities and it was analyzed by performing factorial analysis and Structural Equation Modelling using appropriate statistical package software. FINDINGS: The findings from the statistical analysis validated the hypotheses. The results of the study indicate a strong positive impact of citizens' perception of smart cities on quality of life (Standardized Estimates = 0.66) while governance (Standardized Estimates = 0.11) and ease of living (SE=0.46) presented low to medium impact relationship with citizens' quality of life. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study concludes that citizens' perception has highest influence on their quality of life. Considering these findings in the context of mid-sized smart cities, this study significantly contributes in existing research on tools and indicators of quality-of-life assessment in urban centers specifically in developing countries. This research article attempts to provide a substantial theoretical and practical contribution to urban studies.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: *Urban ecosystem services are provided by a multitude of habitats, inc... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: *Urban ecosystem services are provided by a multitude of habitats, including green and water spaces. Such services are commonly under the control of heavy demand raised by the large number of beneficiaries. In this context, urban green spaces viz. parks and gardens supply these services for city residents. From this perspective, this study is to analyze the spatiotemporal changes in the ecosystem servicevalue of urban green spaces in Districts 1 and 14 (out of 22) of Tehran Municipality, Tehran, Iran. The level of resilience (namely, capacity and adaptability) of these districts, once confronted with climate change and environmental degradation, particularly carbon sequestration, is then investigated. As an innovation, the current study ultimately assesses the ecosystem services value of urban green spaces with higher accuracy to exert more actions to improve these spaces. METHODS: *This library-based documentation study utilized spatiotemporal modeling with reference to software packages and field visits. In the first step, remote sensing was applied to create land-use maps using ENVI 5.3 software package and its formulas, algorithms, and extensions. In the second step, the InVEST software and model were used to model carbon sequestration in selected districts. To assess carbon sequestration and its changes over time, land-cover maps were generated for three 10-year periods (2003, 2013, and 2023) with 30 m accuracy via Landsat satellite-based program. The maps were classified in ENVI 5.3, and the net carbon sequestration in land, along with the market size of carbon sequestration, was estimated using the InVEST model, incorporating land-use maps, land-cover types, and carbon sequestration in reservoirs. Organic carbon content was determined based on other carbon reservoirs, previous surveys, and available data. Each carbon reservoir unit was valued in dollars, and discount rates and annual changes in carbon value were calculated based on global and local conditions surveys. FINDINGS: *The study results obtained from land-cover/use maps produced during 2003, 2013, and 2023 in the selected districts, demonstrated a diminishing trend of green spaces and barren lands, while the area of built land has increased over time. The numerous changes in land use in the company of construction in green spaces and barren lands in District 1 from 2003 to 2013 had further led to 191401608 tons of emission, including 179114669 tons of carbon, valued 49056267 and 4636422 million Dollars, respectively. In District 14, the emission during 2003-2023 was also equal to 18.3644 tons of carbon, and that was 3444.14 tons of carbon for the period of 2013-2023, worth 1873871 and 1749769 thousand Dollars, in that order. CONCLUSION: Indiscriminate construction and development of built-up areas in Tehran have undermined green spaces and barren lands, negating the benefits of green infrastructure efforts. This has resulted in a reduction in urban green spaces, hampering their capacity for carbon absorption and sequestration. Consequently, reduced carbon deposition will contribute to higher temperatures, diminishing the resilience of these urban areas.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: During the disclosure of the conceptual foundations of the environment... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: During the disclosure of the conceptual foundations of the environmental responsibility implementation in the functioning of corporations, the need to implement such approaches to conducting business activities that will provide rational usage of nature and balanced development of the national economy in accordance with the concept of sustainable development, where economic interests will be combined with ecological and social one, was identified. METHODS: On the basis of mathematical modeling methods and the developed algorithm, proposals regarding the implementation of economic forms of corporate environmental responsibility are substantiated. In particular, the author proposed a methodology for determining the integral indicator, which in turn makes it possible to calculate the level of corporative environmental responsibility. FINDINGS: In general, only 30-40% of corporations in Ukraine are environmentally responsible. In 2022, the share of implemented quality management and environmental protection certification systems among environmentally responsible corporations was 67%. The following indicators have the most significant positive influence on the change in the implementation level of corporate environmental responsibility: the number of certified quality management and environmental protection systems by Ukrainian corporations and the amount of current corporations' expenditures on environmental protection. CONCLUSION: It has been suggested to stimulate the formation of corporate environmental responsibility system at the national level by developing and using effective financial and economic tools. This will make it possible to level the capabilities of corporations, introduce proven international standards and principles of environmental responsibility, and bring the national economy to the path of sustainable development.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Due to the development of Information and communication technologies, ... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Due to the development of Information and communication technologies, data clouds produced by several sources containing vital information about cities, give more opportunities to tourists to access more information and services. Tourists can overcome challenges such as movement and finding information and services by improving the digital Tourism System's efficiency. Digital tourism system can help tourists to move and to live in unfamiliar destinations, know different cultures, and buy services and productions more easily and independently. Therefore, digital tourism systems and their efficiency are a significant concern, which this research aims to address by evaluating the position of digital tourism systems and identifying the dimensions and influential factors affecting their efficiency. METHODS: This study was a quantitative research and its target population consists of tourists or residents of the city of Mashhad use digital tourism systems. Due to the large population size, encompassing nearly 3 million residents and 20 million tourists annually, and considering the methods for determining the sample size for this study due to limitations arising from COVID-19, online questionnaires were utilized for data collection. Out of a total of 778 distributed questionnaires, 389 questionnaires were fully and accurately completed. The collected data was analysed using SPSS data analysis software to assess the analysis and relationships between the factors affecting the efficiency of digital tourism systems in Mashhad. FINDINGS: The results showed that more than 82% of respondents are using digital tourism system for managing their travels and three main functions of digital tourism system mentioned by tourists are "reservation services" (41%), "take information" (31%), "moving, find destination" (28%). Additionally, in brightness of this study, it demonstrated that digital tourism system usually uses smart recommender systems to personalise its recommendations, which need tourists' information. However, many of tourists (56%) are unwilling to share their personal information. one of the most important finding of this research is that receiving social content significantly correlates with users' confidence in digital tourism system for sharing their personal information. CONCLUSION: The findings showed that digital tourism system can optimise its personalisation process by using social content. It can ameliorate the users' confidence in digital tourism system for sharing their personal information, which will increase the efficiency of digital tourism system. This finding cannot only be a solution to overcome tourists' challenges but also is a key factor for tourism companies that are the beneficiaries of digital tourism system to achieve their business goals. Moreover, it is a wake-up alert for the public sector to accept its responsibility for legislating, monitoring and producing social content in digital tourism systems.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The digital age has led to significant changes in all aspects of human... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The digital age has led to significant changes in all aspects of human life, including the way businesses operate. It is expected that the digitalization process of this type of business will accelerate in the coming years, therefore the results of this research can have a great impact on increasing their productivity and economic growth. In this context, the current study aims to investigate the impact of digital leadership on the performance of businesses, with a particular focus on the mediating role of organizational entrepreneurship. METHODS: This research is applied in terms of research purpose and descriptive-survey method. The statistical population of this study consists of 601 employees and managers working in the printing and publishing industry in Tehran province. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula, and a total of 235 individuals were selected using available sampling techniques. Data was collected using standard questionnaires, and SmartPLS4 software and structural equation modeling were utilized to analyze the data. This approach allows for the examination of the complex relationships between digital leadership, organizational entrepreneurship, and business performance in the publishing industry. FINDINGS: This research examines the fit of a model at three levels of measurement: structural, general, and combined reliability. The R2 (equal path squared) values for organizational entrepreneurship and the performance of printing and publishing businesses are 0.739 and 0.653, respectively, indicating a strong level of fit for the structural model. The t-statistic was used to check the assumed relationships between the variables, with seven sub-hypotheses used to measure the main hypothesis. The t-coefficients relevant to the seven existing relationships have been confirmed, supporting the main hypothesis. CONCLUSION: Businesses that adopt digital leadership strategies are more likely to develop new digital facilities and make significant changes in their strategy-making processes and organizational culture. These findings emphasize the importance of digital leadership in the publishing industry and suggest that businesses that embrace digital leadership strategies are more likely to succeed in the digital age. The insights gained from this study can be used to develop effective digital leadership strategies to help publishing businesses thrive in an increasingly digital world.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Urban administrators of major cities in India are planning to deploy a... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Urban administrators of major cities in India are planning to deploy advanced information technologies such as artificial intelligence to deliver e-governance services. It is expected to enable citizens to acquire relevant information to their commonly asked question without significant technological expertise. With its text, speech, and image processing capabilities similar to human beings, artificial intelligence is predicted to have both positive and negative social impact. The objective of this paper was to develop a conceptual framework consisting of enablers and barriers in adopting artificial intelligence enabled service delivery in a smart city from citizens' perspectives. The study is novel in terms of empirically finding factors influencing adoption intention of artificial intelligence for availing citizen services in a nation like India which has a very large population and developing economy. METHODS: The study utilized an extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology framework and employed survey-based data collection technique. A structured survey was circulated as part of primary data collection. The responses were collected from 772 sample respondents from three upcoming smart cities in India and were further examined by deploying the structural equation modeling technique using IBM SPSS and AMOS tools. FINDINGS: The proposed framework in this research study has social implications in terms of key factors that are critical when conceptualizing government services using artificial intelligence to avoid any harmful effects on society. The findings demonstrated six enablers and three barriers significantly affecting adoption intention (p<0.05) and explained 81 percent of the variance (R2) with the model's Goodness-of-fit index above 0.9. The quantitative results are also validated with the case studies from six smart cities across the globe for designing and deploying artificial intelligence-based services in the public sector. CONCLUSION: The study highlights that the smart city management must make sufficient effort to ensure that artificial intelligence service delivery in a smart city is equitable for all socioeconomic levels of city residents. The study provides several policy recommendations for governments and technology service providers when deploying artificial intelligence-based services for citizens in developing countries like India.
IJHCUM, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are indications that climate change and its consequences are alr... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are indications that climate change and its consequences are already creating threats to the built environment in Nigeria. These environmental threats have negative implications for healthy, well-being, and urban sustainability. This empirical study aim to identify how climate change has influenced the built environment in Nigeria's South-Western region, considering the following objectives: to explore the reasons for climate change in South-western, Nigeria, to determine the consequences of environmental issues on inhabitant health in South-western, Nigeria; and to critically determine the key measures of climate change mitigation and adaptation to enhance the environmental sustainability of the Southwestern region of Nigeria.METHODS: An empirical quantitative method comprising 300 questionnaires survey was administered, and 235 were retrieved and used as a sample population for the research analysis. The distribution of questionnaires was based on the convenience sampling methods among professionals within the built environment. The internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (α), and the analysis was performed using the Statistical Software program; SPSS for Windows, version 22.FINDINGS: The results from descriptive analysis revealed that Land-degradation, biodiversity loss, pollution, deforestation, urbanization, health challenges and population growth are predictors factors of climate change with mean scores of 4.2576, 4.2300, 4.0775, 4.0875, 4.1075, 3.8450 and 4.0925 respectively. Furthermore, the research showed a causal linkage relationship of climate change and the factors of land degradation, biodiversity, pollution and deforestation of (p<0.001). Generally, the results affirm that the predictors of climate change are attributed to the factors of land degradation, biodiversity loss, pollution, urbanization and deforestation in the region.CONCLUSION: The research gives an understanding about the impacts of climate change in the south west region, Nigeria and remains a veritable document to government and policy maker towards the prevention and mitigating measures on climate change impacts. The outcome of the research has revealed negative impacts of environmental issues on inhabitants’ health through air pollution, temperature related effects and mental related infectious diseases. The climate change mitigation and adaptations results agreed that greening the environment/green infrastructure, provision of stronger urban-rural connections and promulgation of law that discourages human activities impacts are few among the items recommended in mitigating and combating the impacts of climate change in South-western Nigeria.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are indications that climate change and its consequences are alr... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are indications that climate change and its consequences are already creating threats to the built environment in Nigeria. These environmental threats have negative implications for healthy, well-being, and urban sustainability. This empirical study aim to identify how climate change has influenced the built environment in Nigeria's SouthWestern region, considering the following objectives: to explore the reasons for climate change in Southwestern , Nigeria, to determine the consequences of environmental issues on inhabitant health in Southwestern , Nigeria; and to critically determine the key measures of climate change mitigation and adaptation to enhance the environmental sustainability of the Southwestern region of Nigeria. METHODS: An empirical quantitative method comprising 300 questionnaires survey was administered, and 235 were retrieved and used as a sample population for the research analysis. The distribution of questionnaires was based on the convenience sampling methods among professionals within the built environment. The internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (α), and the analysis was performed using the Statistical Software program; SPSS for Windows, version 22. FINDINGS: The results from descriptive analysis revealed that Land-degradation, biodiversity loss, pollution, deforestation, urbanization, health challenges and population growth are predictors factors of climate change with mean scores of 4.2576, 4.2300, 4.0775, 4.0875, 4.1075, 3.8450 and 4.0925 respectively. Furthermore, the research showed a causal linkage relationship of climate change and the factors of land degradation, biodiversity, pollution and deforestation of (p<0.001). Generally, the results affirm that the predictors of climate change are attributed to the factors of land degradation, biodiversity loss, pollution, urbanization and deforestation in the region. CONCLUSION: The research gives an understanding about the impacts of climate change in the south west region, Nigeria and remains a veritable document to government and policy maker towards the prevention and mitigating measures on climate change impacts. The outcome of the research has revealed negative impacts of environmental issues on inhabitants' health through air pollution, temperature related effects and mental related infectious diseases. The climate change mitigation and adaptations results agreed that greening the environment/ green infrastructure, provision of stronger urban-rural connections and promulgation of law that discourages human activities impacts are few among the items recommended in mitigating and combating the impacts of climate change in Southwestern Nigeria.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Collective decision-making can increase the probability of reaching th... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Collective decision-making can increase the probability of reaching the correct decision. In Collective decision-making, information, experience, and knowledge are shared, and managers can use the wisdom of their employees with this method. In addition, in Collective decision-making, learning and ideation take place, and employees express their opinions freely and reach a common decision with the help of each other. METHODS: In this study, the concepts related to Collective decision-making are explained using the research background. Then, by using the grounded theory method, the most important questions related to why and how Collective decision-making are answered. To get the opinions of organizational and academic experts in this field, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 54 people who were selected by purposeful sampling. After collecting the data through interviews, the components are coded in an open, axial, and selective. FINDINGS: Through coding, 26 concepts were obtained which were later classified into 5 categories: causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, central phenomenon, strategies, and consequences. The findings of this study provide a comprehensive model for the central phenomenon of Collective decision-making. CONCLUSION: The results show that collection alliance, increased awareness and knowledge, growth, and development of members, increased wisdom and collective intelligence, increased members' commitment, increased quality of decision-making, and increased justice are the most important consequences of Collective decisionmaking. This study is important because it broadens the perspective of managers, and provides a deeper understanding of the nature of Collective decision-making in the organization.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Green Tourism to be an important factor as a medium of learning inform... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Green Tourism to be an important factor as a medium of learning information for residents, managers and government. However, since Covid-19 this sector has experienced a decline in the performance of human resources for greening at the Gembira Loka Zoo conservation agency, even though this plays an important role. At the beginning of this pandemic, it was like "starting from scratch" in procuring environmentally friendly human resources. This study aims to analyze the Effect of Green Training, Green Reward, and Green Recruitment on Organizational Citizenship Behavior for Environment Employees at the Gembira Loka Zoo conservation agency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This research is interesting, because of the innovative research conducted in the conservation sector on employees who are environmentally conscious. METHODS: This study uses inferential statistics. Field and library methods, literature reviews, and questionnaires were used to gather information. This study used a saturated sample method with quota sampling technique on 147 employees of the Gembira Loka Zoo conservation agency with Variance Based Structural Equation Modeling analysis. The outer model was made by testing the quality of raw material instruments with reliability tests using the Cronbah's Alfa method and Composite Reliability > 0.7. The validity test used convergent validity and discriminant validity with outer loading factor > 0.70, and discriminant validity with Average Variable Extract > 0.50. Inner model by looking at goodness-of-fit. Finally, the collected data was analyzed using SmartPLS version 4 software. FINDINGS: Based on the results of Structural Equation Model test, all indicators are reliable where the loading factor and Composite reliability > 0.7, all variables are valid because Average Variance Extracted > 0.50, P <0.05 value for hypotheses 2 and 3 is accepted, while hypothesis 1 is rejected because P > 0.05. This model is in accordance with the goodness of fit measures. CONCLUSION: The results of the study show that Green Training has no effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior for the Environment, but green reward and green recruitment have a positive and significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior for Environment, and green recruitment has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior for Environment.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The employee's experience during employment can play a very important ... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The employee's experience during employment can play a very important role in various aspects of the employee-employer relationship and subsequently in the personal improvement of the employee and the development and progress of the organization. Due to the fact that so far, the experience of employees has not been measured with regard to the effect of job satisfaction, workplace and organizational culture, this research has innovation. Therefore, the purpose of this research is the identifying the dimensions of employee experience according to the effect of satisfaction, workplace, and organizational culture. METHODS: This study is applied and descriptive. The statistical population consisted of employees of the municipality of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmed provinces. The statistical population of the research included 823 municipal employees, which was estimated to be 260 for the statistical sample according to the online Cochran formula. The researcher-made questionnaire was compiled according to the research literature and sent to the statistical sample through the porsline link of the questionnaire. For content validity, the evaluation of scientific and executive experts who are aware of the subject and society showed that the questions of the questionnaire evaluate the variables and their relationships well. In the measurement model, the internal consistency of the model or reliability has been measured by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient and shared reliability. To measure divergent validity, Fornell and Larcker criteria were used. Data analysis was done using the software of structural equations of Lisrel. FINDINGS: Convergent validity and Cronbach's alpha were used to fit the measurement. The convergent validity was higher than the standard value of 0.5, which was acceptable for all variables. Cronbach's alpha was higher than the standard value of 0.7, which was acceptable for all variables. The t-statistic was used to test the hypotheses. The amount of t-statistic for culture and satisfaction variable was more than the acceptable limit, i.e. 1.96, which means that these two hypotheses have been confirmed. The value of t statistic was less than acceptable and this hypothesis was rejected. CONCLUSION: Considering the relationship between organizational culture and job satisfaction with employee experience, there is a need for managers to try to carry out activities or make decisions that increase employee job satisfaction and improve and make organizational culture more effective in order to create an effective experience and be efficient for employees.
International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Historical reports show that COVID-19 pandemic has been confirmed over... more BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Historical reports show that COVID-19 pandemic has been confirmed over 213 nations or territories which accelerates the livelihoods. It also hampers the livelihoods of urban people's mainly poor slum dwellers in developing countries like Bangladesh. The purpose of this article is to assess the vulnerability of urban slum dwellers based on five livelihood capitals during COVID-19. METHODS: Rajshahi City Corporation area is purposively selected which is grouped into three zones (central, interim and peripheral) based on the distance from the central business district, Shaheb Bazar. The study is conducted with a semi-structured and self-developed questionnaire to fulfill its objective. The questionnaires are focused on predetermined 48 indicators of five livelihood capitals (human, social, physical, natural and financial). Total 361 slum households (9%) are selected from 4010 households at 95% significance level which are proportionately distributed in 12 slum areas and household heads are nominated through simple random samplings. Data are coded, edited and inserted carefully; standardized and livelihood capital index are calculated with SPSS and map is produced with ArcGIS 10.4. FINDINGS: Study reveals that about 47.8% (central), 57.5% (interim) and 45.1% (peripheral) slum dwellers are illiterate and live in a miserable condition. Human capital index is found higher in central slums (0.435) than peripheral (0.406) and interim (0.387). The social capital index is revealed as similar of human capital index. But physical capital index claims the trend as central (0.776)> interim (0.646)> peripheral (0.536). Again, financial capital index of the central slum dwellers is higher as they receive help during pandemic and get earning opportunity and these slum areas are located near the central business district. In addition, natural capital index is totally different and peripheral slum dwellers are in better position (0.635) than interim (0.549) and central (0.358) slums. Finally, the study concludes that mean livelihood capital index of central (0.4334) slum dwellers are better than interim (0.4216) and peripheral (0.4222) slums which assesses all the study slums as moderate. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that financial improvement is becoming an ultimate need for slum dwellers since the financial capital index reveals as poor among all the slum areas. Moreover, individual or community-based strategies, international collaborations, government and non-governmental organizations need to come forward to improve not only the financial capital but also other four capitals in all slum areas to build a sustainable livelihood as majority of them live below the standard livelihoods.
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Papers by International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management (IJHCUM)
METHODS: The current research utilizes a combination of descriptive-analytical and critical methods, as well as documentary and survey methods. To analyze and evaluate the condition of green spaces and their mapping, information, and data from relevant organizations and satellite images have been utilized within specific spatial-temporal scales and GIS software.
Results: The results showed that the highest weight obtained was related to participation, with a weight of 0.118. This was followed by social capital, with a weight of 0.116 percent. The lowest weight was related to public services, with a weight of 0.040.
CONCLUSION: District 3 has more green space than District 8 due to the presence of gardens and trees planted by the municipality on the outskirts of the district. Additionally, the political ecology in these neighborhoods has not been impacted by District 3. However, Jahanshahr and Molana neighborhoods in District 8 have a high per capita population due to their small population and large areas of parks. Additionally, the presence of Family, fruit, Fateh and small Iran Gardens, contribute to the high population density in these neighborhoods. However other areas in the district experience a significant shortage of urban green spaces and are affected by the influence of political ecology at both the neighborhood and regional levels.
METHODS: The current research utilizes a combination of descriptive-analytical and critical methods, as well as documentary and survey methods. To analyze and evaluate the condition of green spaces and their mapping, information, and data from relevant organizations and satellite images have been utilized within specific spatial-temporal scales and GIS software.
Results: The results showed that the highest weight obtained was related to participation, with a weight of 0.118. This was followed by social capital, with a weight of 0.116 percent. The lowest weight was related to public services, with a weight of 0.040.
CONCLUSION: District 3 has more green space than District 8 due to the presence of gardens and trees planted by the municipality on the outskirts of the district. Additionally, the political ecology in these neighborhoods has not been impacted by District 3. However, Jahanshahr and Molana neighborhoods in District 8 have a high per capita population due to their small population and large areas of parks. Additionally, the presence of Family, fruit, Fateh and small Iran Gardens, contribute to the high population density in these neighborhoods. However other areas in the district experience a significant shortage of urban green spaces and are affected by the influence of political ecology at both the neighborhood and regional levels.