Papers by azira kamarudin
Control System Power and Grounding Better Practice, 2004
Publisher Summary This chapter provides guidelines for constructing a suitable and safe earth gro... more Publisher Summary This chapter provides guidelines for constructing a suitable and safe earth ground. An adequate earth ground system is extremely important to both user safety and correct operation of a control system. An earth ground, in parallel with the equipment ground system, safely conducts stray or induced electrical currents to earth. For digital switching circuits, several control system industry sources recommend a ground system that has a resistance of one ohm or less between the control system ground and true earth with a maximum resistance of three ohms. The control system ground must be at least as good as a ground associated with any other system. If a ground used with a radio communication system has a one-ohm resistance to true earth, the control system ground must have a one-ohm or less resistance to true earth. The electrical resistance of an earth ground system must be tested to ensure that the ground meets the requirements for control systems. The total resistance of the ground system is comprised of the resistance of the metal used in the plant earth ground grid, the resistance of ground cable connection to the grid, the resistance of the contact between the grid and earth, and the resistance of the earth itself.
Control System Power and Grounding Better Practice, 2004
Recycling means that we are going to try to sell our garbage, or other disposables, to someone. T... more Recycling means that we are going to try to sell our garbage, or other disposables, to someone. The problem is that garbage has very little value. In fact, if it were extremely valuable, it would be stolen. It is a fact that no one wants to buy garbage. Consequently, a lot of work must be done to the garbage pile to turn it into viable products. This work includes processing the garbage to quality raw materials that can be manufactured into products that can be sold to buyers who will buy it again, and again, and again. Recycling requires four elements: The EPA claims that eight percent of the 180 million tons of MSW or about 29 billion pounds of plastics in municipal solid waste accounts for about 20 percent of the volume (Figures 1 and 2).
Journal Of Research, Policy & Practice of Teachers & Teacher Education
Kajian ini dilaksanakan bagi membina sebuah manual pembelajaran berasaskan pemikiran yang dikenal... more Kajian ini dilaksanakan bagi membina sebuah manual pembelajaran berasaskan pemikiran yang dikenali sebagai 'Jom Fikir KdK' dan mengenal pasti persepsi guru pelatih mengenai manual yang telah dihasilkan. Pembinaan manual 'Jom Fikir KdK' ini dikategorikan sebagai kajian reka bentuk dan pembinaan yang berteraskan model ADDIE. Kajian tinjauan pula dijalankan bagi mengenal pasti persepsi guru pelatih terhadap manual 'Jom Fikir KdK' dari aspek kandungan, reka bentuk dan penggunaan. Kajian tinjuan ini dijalankan di sebuah universiti di negeri Perak yang melibatkan seramai 80 orang guru pelatih yang berada di semester 8 dari program Sarjana Muda Pendidikan Sains, Biologi, Fizik dan Kimia. Manual 'Jom Fikir KdK' yang dibina ini mempunyai nilai kesahan 96% persetujuan pakar dan nilai kebolehpercayaan Cronbach Alpha 0.960. Kajian tinjauan terhadap persepsi guru pelatih menunjukkan bahawa manual ini berada pada tahap yang baik bagi ketiga-tiga aspek iaitu kandungan (min=4.42), reka bentuk (min=4.31) dan penggunaan (min=4.77). Guru pelatih memberikan respon yang positif terhadap Manual 'Jom Fikir KdK' yang dibina. Melalui penghasilan manual ini, guru pelatih dapat memahami, menggunakan dan mengaplikasikan teknik kemahiran berfikir kepada pelajar mereka pada masa akan datang. Justeru manual Jom Fikir KdK boleh digunakan oleh guru pelatih dalam memupuk Kemahiran Berfikir Kritis dan Kreatif (KBKK) pelajar semasa proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Kata kunci: Kemahiran Berfikir Kritis dan Kreatif (KBKK), peta pemikiran, konstruktivisme sosial
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Papers by azira kamarudin