Economics needs to change from being a linear theory into being circular because of the need to b... more Economics needs to change from being a linear theory into being circular because of the need to be more scientific due to the use of both quantitative and qualitative, which reflects science in theory and practice. The application of circular economics to businesses, both in existing and new entrepreneurship, provides a construct way to address, change and reverse climate problems.
... assistance and investment advice to enter the markets of the former Eastern and ... funding i... more ... assistance and investment advice to enter the markets of the former Eastern and ... funding institutions designed to assist developing countries: Asian Development Bank, European Development Bank ... concept of 'capitalism' grew from the theory that the business owners were so ...
Page 1. 6 Cogeneration and Distributed Generation Journal The Green Hydrogen Paradigm Shift Woodr... more Page 1. 6 Cogeneration and Distributed Generation Journal The Green Hydrogen Paradigm Shift Woodrow W. Clark, Ph.D. ABSTRACT The change from a global economy dependent upon fossil fuels to renewable fuels for an hydrogen economy is occurring now. ...
... View Within Article. By the mid-1990s, the Ballard fuel cell, and realization of the dangers ... more ... View Within Article. By the mid-1990s, the Ballard fuel cell, and realization of the dangers of global warming, led to further popularization of hydrogen. Several articles appeared in the Economist and Science that promoted hydrogen as the fuel of the future. ...
Discusses the military-defense industry conversion in the USA, particularly the state of Californ... more Discusses the military-defense industry conversion in the USA, particularly the state of California. Describes specific American federal and state programs which link and co-ordinate the effort. Argues that the basic economic structure of post-Cold War America has been changed dramatically forever. Out of defense conversions are emerging new economic opportunities which will change the USA and affect world economies. Meanwhile, the US has much to learn from European (and Asian) economic programs.
In placing the issue of the ethics of using anthropological methods for educational evaluation in... more In placing the issue of the ethics of using anthropological methods for educational evaluation in the context of scientism, anthropology and other social sciences are viewed as being in part either qualitative or quantitative. Furthermore, the difference between research and evaluation places the ethnographer in another position in relationship to those studied. Two basic categories of ethical considerations are discussed: data gathering, including loyalty and employment of the field worker, methodology, and confidentiality; and the results of data collection, including the right of review, dissemination of findings, and impact of the data. In Section B, entitled The Interaction of Ethnics_and _Method, some of the ethical issues involved in designing a research methodology are dealt with. Comments are based on the experience of studying Project Follow Through using a group interview technique. (BW)
Economics needs to change from being a linear theory into being circular because of the need to b... more Economics needs to change from being a linear theory into being circular because of the need to be more scientific due to the use of both quantitative and qualitative, which reflects science in theory and practice. The application of circular economics to businesses, both in existing and new entrepreneurship, provides a construct way to address, change and reverse climate problems.
... assistance and investment advice to enter the markets of the former Eastern and ... funding i... more ... assistance and investment advice to enter the markets of the former Eastern and ... funding institutions designed to assist developing countries: Asian Development Bank, European Development Bank ... concept of 'capitalism' grew from the theory that the business owners were so ...
Page 1. 6 Cogeneration and Distributed Generation Journal The Green Hydrogen Paradigm Shift Woodr... more Page 1. 6 Cogeneration and Distributed Generation Journal The Green Hydrogen Paradigm Shift Woodrow W. Clark, Ph.D. ABSTRACT The change from a global economy dependent upon fossil fuels to renewable fuels for an hydrogen economy is occurring now. ...
... View Within Article. By the mid-1990s, the Ballard fuel cell, and realization of the dangers ... more ... View Within Article. By the mid-1990s, the Ballard fuel cell, and realization of the dangers of global warming, led to further popularization of hydrogen. Several articles appeared in the Economist and Science that promoted hydrogen as the fuel of the future. ...
Discusses the military-defense industry conversion in the USA, particularly the state of Californ... more Discusses the military-defense industry conversion in the USA, particularly the state of California. Describes specific American federal and state programs which link and co-ordinate the effort. Argues that the basic economic structure of post-Cold War America has been changed dramatically forever. Out of defense conversions are emerging new economic opportunities which will change the USA and affect world economies. Meanwhile, the US has much to learn from European (and Asian) economic programs.
In placing the issue of the ethics of using anthropological methods for educational evaluation in... more In placing the issue of the ethics of using anthropological methods for educational evaluation in the context of scientism, anthropology and other social sciences are viewed as being in part either qualitative or quantitative. Furthermore, the difference between research and evaluation places the ethnographer in another position in relationship to those studied. Two basic categories of ethical considerations are discussed: data gathering, including loyalty and employment of the field worker, methodology, and confidentiality; and the results of data collection, including the right of review, dissemination of findings, and impact of the data. In Section B, entitled The Interaction of Ethnics_and _Method, some of the ethical issues involved in designing a research methodology are dealt with. Comments are based on the experience of studying Project Follow Through using a group interview technique. (BW)
Government in the form of leadership by Clark (2003), public policy and as the initial market dri... more Government in the form of leadership by Clark (2003), public policy and as the initial market driver is needed to create the vision and set the objectives for innovations such as a hydrogen economy in particular. In order for the hydrogen economy to become a reality, there needs to be government leadership from the very top of the political spectrum with follow through from the administrative bureaucracy. Otherwise, this environmentally sound and clean energy innovation will not be taken seriously. Moreover, it will fail to become a reality. The hydrogen economy demands public leadership through a variety of processes. One such process is the declaration that the hydrogen economy, for example, is to be national policy, such as Iceland did when its government and Prime Minister in the Spring of 2001 declared, ‘‘Iceland would be the world’s First Hydrogen Economy’’. Shortly thereafter, former European Commission President Romano Prodi (2002) made a similar declaration for the European Union. Then in January 2003, President George W. 29 Bush echoed the same sentiment in his State of the Union Address. One year later, in January 2004, Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger declared California 32 would have a hydrogen highway in his State of the State Address (2004) and subsequent Executive Order (2004) all of which Clark was involved and drafted for Governor Schwarzenegger. Of course, none of the political statements were news for those working in the field of hydrogen. Schwarzenegger made it a part of his 2003 campaign for a recall of former Governor Gray Davis with his own election message through supporting working in the area for two years before that. Then in 2003, President Bush 41 announced his FreedomCar program which included the ‘‘hydrogen economy’’. Bush’s version of the hydrogen economy which some label as ‘‘dirty or black hydrogen’’ (Rifkin, 2004) rests upon federal program with roots in the US Department of Energy (e.g. clean coal, nuclear and fossil fuels) over decades and hundreds of millions of dollars spent.
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Of course, none of the political statements were news for those working in the field of hydrogen. Schwarzenegger made it a part of his 2003 campaign for a recall of former Governor Gray Davis with his own election message through supporting working in the area for two years before that. Then in 2003, President Bush 41 announced his FreedomCar program which included the ‘‘hydrogen economy’’. Bush’s version of the hydrogen economy which some label as ‘‘dirty or black hydrogen’’ (Rifkin, 2004) rests upon federal program with roots in the US Department of Energy (e.g. clean coal, nuclear and fossil fuels) over decades and hundreds of millions of dollars spent.