Papers by Sudheer Dharanikota
In this paper,wepropose a Quality of Service (QoS) architecture for an end-system protocol-suite.... more In this paper,wepropose a Quality of Service (QoS) architecture for an end-system protocol-suite. We use TCP/IP using ATM as the networking paradigm, as a testbed topropose our QoS architecture. With the help of no-load condition, host-load condition, and network-load condition experiments, we identify the QoS perturbations caused in such an environment. We analyze these results behind the QoS perturbations, and use them to arrive at the missing components in the current protocol architecture. We use TCP/IP/AAL5/ATM, and AAL5/ATM as two performance comparing protocol suites to obtain knowledge on the missing QoS components. We measure the application-level QoS in terms of throughput, delay, round trip time, and loss to identify the base-line performance an application can expect from such an environment. From the no-load condition we measure thebehavior of these protocols at various data rates and user submitted data block sizes. We demonstrate the trade-o s involved in obtaining hi...
The need for faster detection and restoration of faults and degradations is essential in the opti... more The need for faster detection and restoration of faults and degradations is essential in the optical networks due to the amount of traffic being carried by them. This calls for tighter control on the detection and reporting mechanisms. In this document we propose some such extensions that can be made to the LMP to run between the DWDM and OXC. This proposal is to extend [2] and to streamline the needs for such a protocol.
Network Transport Interface Protocol (NTIP) for Photonic
Currently, applications which use an underlying network can produce highly varied performance for... more Currently, applications which use an underlying network can produce highly varied performance for di erent e n dto-end protocols, and at di erent CPU, and network load conditions. With the proliferation of distributed and collaborative applications, the predictability in an application performance takes on more importance. In this work we attempt to provide predictable performance to di erent classes of applications. This paper deals with the protocols TCP/IP/AAL5/ATM, and AAL5/ATM under no-load condition. From the no-load condition we measure the behavior of these protocols at various data rates and user submitted data block sizes. We measure the application-level Quality of Service in terms of throughput, delay, round trip time, and loss, and compare these results for both protocol cases to identify the base-line performance an application can expect from these protocols. We demonstrate the trade-o s involved in obtaining high throughput, low delays, low R TT, and zero losses at di erent data rates.
draft-ghani-optical-rings-01.txt This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance wi... more draft-ghani-optical-rings-01.txt This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups ay also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
In this paper, we propose a Quality of Service (QoS) architecture, QUANTA, for an end system prot... more In this paper, we propose a Quality of Service (QoS) architecture, QUANTA, for an end system protocol suite. We use TCP(UDP)/IP over ATM as a testbed to develop the architecture. We measure the application-level QoS in terms of throughput, delay, round trip time, and loss to identify the base-line performance an application can expect from such an environment. From the no-load condition we measure the behavior of these protocols at various data rates and user submitted data block sizes. We demonstrate the trade-offs involved in obtaining high throughput, low delays, low round trip time, and zero losses at different data rates. We use host-load condition experiments to understand the interaction between the CPU-intensive jobs and the communication-intensive jobs. We use network-load condition experiments to observe interaction between multiple streams of the above two protocol-suites, and its effect on the application QoS. Given these observations we define the missing components in ...
This document discusses how inter-domain routing using Shared Risk Group (SRG) may be used for co... more This document discusses how inter-domain routing using Shared Risk Group (SRG) may be used for computing diverse paths, and also discusses the extensions that we propose for routing (and eventually signaling) protocols. The concepts proposed in this document are useful to provide the requested intelligent control plane for multi-layered networks.
Shared Risk Link Group (SRLG) is a well-known concept in the Telecommunications world. In this do... more Shared Risk Link Group (SRLG) is a well-known concept in the Telecommunications world. In this document we provide discussion on how this concept can be used for diverse path computation and risk assessment. The requirements we extract out of this discussion are mapped to the SRLG encoding and protocol requirements. Key words: SRLG, Diversity, MPLS, Risk assessment Notice This Document has been prepared to assist Standards Committee T1X1. It is offered to the committee as a basis for discussion and is not a binding proposal on Nayna Networks Inc., Caspian Networks Inc., Alcatel, or WorldCom. Information presented in this document may be subject to change after more study. Nayna Networks Inc., Caspian Networks Inc., Alcatel, and WorldCom specifically reserve the right to add to, amend, or to withdraw the statements contained herein. Boulder, CO., March 26 - 28, 2001 2 1
Diverse working and protection paths are used in telecommunication networks to increase survivabi... more Diverse working and protection paths are used in telecommunication networks to increase survivability and availability in case of faults. In selecting these diverse paths, it is important that the two paths do not share any links that share the same risk. This is done by assigning each link to a Shared Risk Link Group (SRLG). In this paper, we extend this concept to nodes and domains. Diverse paths should not pass through nodes that can both fail together, for example, by being located in the same building. Similarly, for a higher level of survivability, diverse paths may not pass through network domains that share the same risk. Domains are defined as subnetworks with common administrative control, technology, or geography. Shared Risk Group is an extension of the SRLG concept that avoids not only link level risks but also node and domain level risks. We demonstrate how to use the transport network diversity using this concept while computing application level diversity in a multi-...
Protection using rings has been the common method of reducing downtime on SONET/SDH based telecom... more Protection using rings has been the common method of reducing downtime on SONET/SDH based telecommunication networks. With the trend towards IP over DWDM, there is a need for IP based protection and restoration mechanisms. In this paper, the mechanisms being developed at several standards organizations including OIF, IETF, and ITU are described. These mechanisms are in some sense more powerful than the previous SONET/SDH based mechanisms and protect against not only link and node failures but also against domain failures. Here domain refers to an entire region of the network. In particular, Shared Risk Group (SRG) concepts being developed at IETF and OIF is explained. 2
This contribution is part of the NNI study document. It defines and investigates routing function... more This contribution is part of the NNI study document. It defines and investigates routing functionality requirements over the NNI while discussing some efficient mechanisms for its implementation. Notice: This Technical Document has been created via the Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF). This document is offered to the OIF Membership solely as a basis for agreement and is not a binding proposal on the companies listed as resources above. The OIF reserves the rights to at any time to add, amend, or withdraw statements contained herein. Nothing in this document is in any way binding on the OIF or any of its members. The user's attention is called to the possibility that implementation of the OIF implementation agreement contained herein may require the use of inventions covered by the patent rights held by third parties. By publication of this OIF implementation agreement, the OIF makes no representation or warranty whatsoever, whether expressed or implied, that implementation o...
The trends that lead to the recent development of the IP over DWDM architectures are presented. T... more The trends that lead to the recent development of the IP over DWDM architectures are presented. The need for such architectures arises from the overlapping functionalities provided in the current layered architectures. The issues encountered in such architectures, and the proposed solutions, in the standard committees, to solve them are discussed. The issues that require further research attention are also identified.
Obtaining a real-time synchronized video/audio stream through a low bandwidth network is a challe... more Obtaining a real-time synchronized video/audio stream through a low bandwidth network is a challenging task. In this paper we address several problems that arise in developing such an application and provide possible solutions to them. These problems include: video related issues such as deciding on the quality of the video and, setting the video parameters to obtain that quality; audio issues such as reducing the latency in accessing the audio data; and network-related issues such as deciding between TCP and UDP.
This document discusses how inter-domain routing using Shared Risk Group (SRG) may be used for co... more This document discusses how inter-domain routing using Shared Risk Group (SRG) may be used for computing diverse paths, and also discusses the extensions that we propose for routing (and eventually signaling) protocols. The concepts proposed in this document are useful to provide the requested intelligent control plane for multi-layered networks. Notice: This contribution has been created to assist the Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF). This document is offered to the OIF solely as a basis for discussion and is not a binding proposal on the companies listed as resources above. Each company in the source list, and the OIF, reserves the rights to at any time to add, amend, or withdraw statements contained herein. This Working Text represents work in progress by the OIF, and must not be construed as an official OIF Technical Report. Nothing in this document is in any way binding on the OIF or any of its members. The document is offered as a basis for discussion and communication, both within and without the OIF.
The trends that lead to the recent development of the IP over DWDM architectures are presented. T... more The trends that lead to the recent development of the IP over DWDM architectures are presented. The need for such architectures arises from the overlapping functionalities provided in the current layered architectures. The issues encountered in such architectures, and the proposed solutions, in the standard committees, to solve them are discussed. The issues that require further research attention are also identified.
Diverse working and protection paths are used in telecommunication networks to increase survivabi... more Diverse working and protection paths are used in telecommunication networks to increase survivability and availability in case of faults. In selecting these diverse paths, it is important that the two paths do not share any links that share the same risk. This is done by assigning each link to a Shared Risk Link Group (SRLG). In this paper, we extend this concept to nodes and domains. Diverse paths should not pass through nodes that can both fail together, for example, by being located in the same building. Similarly, for a higher level of survivability, diverse paths may not pass through network domains that share the same risk. Domains are defined as subnetworks with common administrative control, technology, or geography. Shared Risk Group is an extension of the SRLG concept that avoids not only link level risks but also node and domain level risks. We demonstrate how to use the transport network diversity using this concept while computing application level diversity in a multi-...
This document considers communication between Photonic Cross Connects (PXC) with Opto-electronic ... more This document considers communication between Photonic Cross Connects (PXC) with Opto-electronic line systems as an application that motivates the need for Optical Link Interface (OLI) or Virtual Backplane Interface (VBI).
The need for faster detection and restoration of faults and degradations is essential in the opti... more The need for faster detection and restoration of faults and degradations is essential in the optical networks due to the amount of traffic being carried by them. This calls for tighter control on the detection and reporting mechanisms. In this document we analyze the requirements event communications between the active and passive devices, which in turn can be used by the optical control plane. This function is to be defined in such that it works without an upper GMPLS layer.
The need for faster detection and restoration of faults and degradations is essential in the opti... more The need for faster detection and restoration of faults and degradations is essential in the optical networks due to the amount of traffic being carried by them. This calls for tighter control on the detection and reporting mechanisms. In this document we propose some such extensions that can be made to the LMP to run between the DWDM and OXC. This proposal is to extend [2, 3] and to streamline the requirements for such a protocol.
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Papers by Sudheer Dharanikota