Sareen Gropper

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Jaime R. Silva

Universidad del Desarrollo (UDD)

Steve Jamison, PhD

Harvard Medical School

Virginie Boucher

CSIC (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Spanish National Research Council)

Dr. Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari

Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.

tim anstiss

University of Reading

Nwangwa Eze

DELTA STATE UNIVERSITY, ABRAKA, DELTA STATE, NIGERIA

Marina García-Macia

Albert Einstein College of Medicine - Yeshiva University

Clare Llewellyn

University College London

John Christopher Examen

Chinese General Hospital Colleges

James Smoliga

High Point University

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Papers by Sareen Gropper

Plasma selenium levels and dietary selenium intakes of formula-fed (FF) and cow's milk-fed (CMF) infants

The FASEB Journal

The plasma selenium concentrations of 57 infants eight to 12 months of age ingesting either cow&#... more The plasma selenium concentrations of 57 infants eight to 12 months of age ingesting either cow's milk or milk-based infant formula as their primary beverage as part of a mixed diet for at least three months was assessed using flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The mean ({plus minus}SD) daily dietary selenium intake of 26 cow's milk-fed infants (34{plus minus} 13 ug)

Dietary selenium intake and plasma selenium concentrations of formula-fed and cow's milk-fed infants

Journal of the American Dietetic Association

ABSTRACT

Trace element status of children with PKU and normal children

Journal of the American Dietetic Association

The trace mineral (chromium, copper, iron, selenium, and zinc) status of 10 children (4 to 13.8 y... more The trace mineral (chromium, copper, iron, selenium, and zinc) status of 10 children (4 to 13.8 years) with phenylketonuria (PKU) and 9 normal children (6.5 to 15.9 years) was assessed. The children with PKU were treated with a phenylalanine-free L-amino acid mix that supplied the following percentages (mean +/- standard deviation) of total daily intake: energy, 45 +/- 13; protein, 75 +/- 11; copper (Cu), 62 +/- 10; iron (Fe), 82 +/- 7; selenium (Se), 40 +/- 20; and zinc (Zn) 87 +/- 8. Diet records and blood samples were collected from each subject. Children with PKU had significantly greater mean intakes of Cu, Fe, and Zn than normal children. Mean serum Cu, Fe, and Zn concentrations of the children with PKU and normal children were not different despite significantly greater intakes by the children with PKU. Normal children had a significantly greater mean serum Se concentration and a mean blood chromium concentration 1.6 times that of children with PKU. Individuals whose primary source of protein is an elemental diet are especially at risk for multiple trace mineral deficiencies. Manufacturers of chemically defined medical foods should evaluate composition, specifically molar ratios between minerals, as a basis for product formulation.

Free Galactose Content of Fresh Fruits and Strained Fruit and Vegetable Baby Foods

Journal of the American Dietetic Association

Journal of the American Dietetic Association, Volume 100, Issue 5, Pages 573-575, May 2000, Autho... more

Copper status of collegiate female athletes involved in different sports

International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism, 2003

Copper status was assessed in 70 female collegiate athletes aged 18 to 25 years participating in ... more Copper status was assessed in 70 female collegiate athletes aged 18 to 25 years participating in cross country track, tennis, softball, swimming, soccer, basketball, and gymnastics during the 2000-2001 season. A group of 8 college-aged females, 20 to 23 years of age, who were not collegiate athletes, served as controls. Mean copper intakes including supplements did not differ significantly among the controls and athletic teams. Mean copper intakes including supplements as micrograms/day and percent recommended dietary allowance (RDA) were as follows: controls 1071 +/- 772 microg (119 +/- 86%), cross country track 1468 +/- 851 microg (163 +/- 95%), tennis 1099 +/- 856 microg (122 +/- 95%), softball 654 +/- 420 microg (73 +/- 47%), swimming 1351 +/- 1060 g (150 +/- 118%), soccer 695 +/- 368 microg (77 +/- 41%), and gymnastics 940 +/- 863 microg (104 +/- 96%). Forty-one percent of athletes and 29% of controls failed to consume two thirds of the RDA for copper. Mean serum copper and cer...

Phosphate binders do not compromise the copper status of adult renal disease patients on hemodialysis

Biological trace element research, 2000

The effects of phosphate binder therapies (calcium carbonate, calcium acetate, or aluminum hydrox... more The effects of phosphate binder therapies (calcium carbonate, calcium acetate, or aluminum hydroxide) on copper status were assessed in 88 adult patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Subjects were divided into two groups based on binder therapy compliance as specified by medical criteria established by the Health Care Financing Administration. Binder compliant subjects (n = 62), aged 59.7+/-12.2 yr, maintained serum phosphorus concentrations of 3.5-6.0 mg/dL. Noncompliant subjects (n = 26), aged 54.2+/-13.8 yr, had serum phosphorus concentrations > 6.0 mg/dL. Mean plasma and red blood cell (RBC) copper, serum ceruloplasmin, and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity did not differ between binder compliant and noncompliant subjects. Mean RBC copper, plasma copper, and serum ceruloplasmin concentrations of hemodialysis subjects were within normal limits, despite copper intakes of less than two-thirds of the lower limit of the Estimated Safe and Adequate Daily Di...

Effect of chromium nicotinic acid supplementation on selected cardiovascular disease risk factors

Biological trace element research, 1996

The effects of daily supplemental chromium (200 micrograms) complexed with 1.8 mg nicotinic acid ... more The effects of daily supplemental chromium (200 micrograms) complexed with 1.8 mg nicotinic acid on plasma glucose and lipids, including total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, were assessed in 14 healthy adults and 5 adults with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) using a double-blind crossover study with 8-wk experimental periods. Eight of the 14 healthy subjects and all 5 subjects with NIDDM also underwent an oral glucose tolerance test with assessment of 90 min postprandial plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. No statistically significant effects of chromium nicotinic acid supplementation were found on plasma insulin, glucose, or lipid concentrations, although chromium nicotinic acid supplementation slightly lowered fasting plasma total and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose concentrations, and 90-min postprandial glucose concentrations in individuals with NIDDM.

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Perceived Stress, Eating Regulation Behaviors, and Body Mass Index, Body Weight and Percent Body Fat Relationships over the First Two Years of College

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2013

Weight and Body Composition Changes during the First Three Years of College

by Sareen Gropper and Lenda Connell

Journal of Obesity, 2012

Differences in weight, body mass index (BMI), percent and absolute body fat, fat-free mass, and w... more Differences in weight, body mass index (BMI), percent and absolute body fat, fat-free mass, and waist circumference were investigated in a group of males and females during the first three years (from 2007 to 2010) of college. Significant three-year gains were observed for weight 2.1 ± 4.7 kg, BMI 0.7 ± 1.6 kg/m 2 , percent body fat 2.7 ± 3.3%, and fat mass 2.3 ± 3.5 kg. A significant loss of fat-free mass, −0.5 kg, was observed among females. Absolute gains in weight, BMI, and percent and absolute body fat were highest during the freshman year, followed by the junior year, and lowest during the sophomore year. Among the 70% of students gaining weight over the three years, weight gain averaged 4.3 kg. The numbers of females with over 30% body fat doubled, and the number of males with over 20% body fat increased fivefold. Initially 15% of students were classified as obese/overweight and 79% normal weight; by the end of the junior year, 24% were obese/overweight and 70% were normal weight. Efforts on college campuses to promote healthy lifestyles among its student population are needed throughout the college years.

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Body composition changes during the first two years of university

Preventive Medicine, 2011

Objective. Changes in body weight, composition, and shape were investigated in male and female co... more

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Summer Doesn't Reverse Freshman Year Body Weight and Fat Gains in Female College Students

by Sareen Gropper and Alisha Gaines

The Open Nutrition Journal, 2011

Abstract: College students, especially females, gain weight their freshman year. Yet, what happen... more

Plasma molybdenum concentrations in children with and without phenylketonuria

Biological Trace Element Research, 1993

Plasma molybdenum concentrations were determined in children, ages two to 12 yr, with and without... more Plasma molybdenum concentrations were determined in children, ages two to 12 yr, with and without phenylketonuria (PKU). Mean plasma molybdenum concentrations did not differ significantly between the children with PKU (1.33 + 0.5 p~g/L) and without PKU (1.75 + 0.8 ~g/L). Plasma molybdenum concentrations in both groups of children ranged from <1 to 3 ~g/L.

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The influence of habitual exercise training and meal form on diet-induced thermogenesis in college-age men

by Sareen Gropper and Kevin Huggins

International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism, 2011

This study compared type of habitual exercise and meal form on diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) i... more This study compared type of habitual exercise and meal form on diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) in 29 men age 19-28 yr. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) and DIT response to solid-meal (bar) vs. liquid-meal (shake) ingestion were measured via indirect calorimetry; classifications were sedentary (n = 9), endurance trained (n = 11), or resistance trained (n = 9). Height, weight, and body composition (using bioelectrical impedance) were measured for each subject. Energy expenditure was determined before and every 30 min after meal consumption for 210 min. RMR was significantly (p = .045) higher in the endurance- and resistance-trained groups. However, when expressed per kilogram fat-free mass (FFM; relative RMR), differences were not significant. Both DIT (kcal/min) and relative DIT (kcal · min-1 · kg FFM-1) significantly increased with time (p < .0001) from RMR for each meal form. There was no significant exercise-group effect on DIT or relative DIT. There was a significant (p = .012) e...

Plasma phenylalanine concentrations are associated with hepatic iron content in a murine model for phenylketonuria

Molecular Genetics and Metabolism, 2004

Individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) have been reported to have altered trace mineral status. I... more Individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) have been reported to have altered trace mineral status. In this study, we evaluated in a murine PKU model whether protein level and level of phenylalanine (PHE) restriction could modulate iron, copper, and zinc status. Fifty-four male weanling PKU and control mice were assigned to receive for 56 days an elemental low or normal protein diet; PKU mice also were assigned to receive PHE restriction (treated) or no restriction (untreated). PHE-restricted mice consumed a prescribed dietary PHE to maintain plasma PHE concentrations between 120 and 480 mol/L. PHE-unrestricted and control mice received equal amounts of dietary PHE. Intestinal and hepatic copper, iron, and zinc were measured at day 56 and fecal minerals measured at baseline and day 56. Mean plasma PHE concentrations were signiWcantly greater in PKU PHE-unrestricted versus PKU PHErestricted mice and control mice. Mean intestinal weights when normalized for body weight were signiWcantly greater in PKU mice versus control mice. PKU PHE-unrestricted mice had signiWcantly lower hepatic copper and zinc than PKU PHE-restricted mice, and signiWcantly greater hepatic iron than control and PKU PHE-restricted mice. PKU PHE-unrestricted mice on a low protein diet had hepatic iron concentrations about 1.5 times that of the other mice. Fecal iron concentrations in all mice were signiWcantly greater at day 56 than at baseline. No animal group eVects or protein level eVects were found for fecal copper, iron, or zinc contents. We conclude that hyperphenylalaninemia alters the metabolism of iron, copper, and zinc in PKU mice. 

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VITAMIN AND MINERAL STATUS OF TRAINED COMPETITIVE CYCLISTS DURING ONE YEAR OF TRAINING 538

Medicine &amp Science in Sports &amp Exercise, 1996

Impact of Acute Illness on Nutritional Status of Infants and Young Children With Sickle Cell Disease

Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2000

To evaluate changes in growth, nutritional status, body composition, and energy and nutrient inta... more To evaluate changes in growth, nutritional status, body composition, and energy and nutrient intakes during illness and usual state of health in infants and young children with sickle cell disease. Sixteen children, aged 0.4 to 5.6 years, with SS type sickle cell disease (SCD-SS) were assessed at the time of hospital admission for an acute illness episode and during an 18-hour overnight follow-up visit 2 to 6 weeks after the acute illness episode when in a state of usual health. Main outcome measures included growth in height and weight compared with reference standards, body composition determined by the skinfold thickness technique and total body electrical conductivity, and dietary intake determined by 24-hour recall during hospital admission and at follow-up. Height, weight, and weight-for-height z scores did not differ from national reference data; triceps skinfold thickness and arm fat area z scores were less. Mean +/- standard error body fat was 15.6 +/- 2.1% at the time of hospital admission, as measured by total body electrical conductivity, and was not significantly different from the follow-up value (16.2 +/- 2.2%). Mean energy intake was 44 +/- 9% of Recommended Dietary Allowances at the time of admission and differed significantly from the follow-up value of 90 +/- 9% (P &lt; .05). Infants and children with sickle cell disease appear to be at nutritional risk during an acute illness episode, as indicated by body fat measures and inadequate intakes of energy and macronutrients. Energy intake may be suboptimal for several days surrounding an admission for an acute illness in children with sickle cell disease. Physicians and other health practitioners should be alert to inadequate nutrient intakes of their patients during this time period and may consider supplemental energy to avoid a potential net negative energy balance.

Galactose content of baby food meats: Considerations for infants with galactosemia

Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2003

Treatment of galactosemia requires a galactose-restricted diet. Although meats are not traditiona... more Treatment of galactosemia requires a galactose-restricted diet. Although meats are not traditionally thought of as a dietary carbohydrate source, small amounts may be present in free form and/or bound to proteins or lipids. The purpose of this study was to determine the free and bound galactose contents of baby food meats. Galactose was assayed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The free galactose content of baby food meats ranged from 0 to 0.031 mg/100 g. No statistically significant differences in free galactose content were found among the meats. Bound galactose was found in all analyzed baby food meats, ranging from 0.065 to 0.148 mg/100 g. The mean galactose content of BeechNut chicken (St. Louis, MO) was significantly less than that found in Gerber (Fremont, MI) and Heinz (Pittsburgh, PA) brands of chicken, beef, and turkey, and Gerber lamb and veal. Based on current recommendations, all examined baby food meats would be acceptable for infants with galactosemia.

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Nutrient intakes of adolescents with phenylketonuria and infants and children with maple syrup urine disease on semisynthetic diets

by Sareen Gropper and S. Rarback

Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1993

Adequacy of nutrient intakes of adolescents with and without phenylketonuria (PKU) and infants an... more Adequacy of nutrient intakes of adolescents with and without phenylketonuria (PKU) and infants and children with and without maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) were assessed using 3-day diet records sorted by disease and by age of the subject. Mean intakes of all nutrients were greater than two-thirds of the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) or Estimated Safe and Adequate Daily Dietary Intakes (ESADDI) for all adolescents studied, with the exception of selenium (Se) in PKU adolescents, which averaged 27.8 micrograms. For adolescents with PKU, &gt; 50% of the RDA or ESADDI for all nutrients was provided by elemental or modified protein hydrolysate medical foods, except for vitamin A in children aged 11-15 years and Se in children 11-18 years. Mean nutrient intakes of all infants and children were greater than two-thirds of the RDA or ESADDI for all nutrients except Se in MSUD children aged 1-11 years, where intakes ranged from 6.4 to 13.2 micrograms (21-66% of the RDA). The medical foods provided for most of the RDA and ESADDI recommendations, with the exception of Se in MSUD children.

The therapeutic effect of fiber in treating obesity

Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1987

This study provides preliminary data on the influence of ingestion of 15 g of dietary fiber daily... more This study provides preliminary data on the influence of ingestion of 15 g of dietary fiber daily for 4 weeks on weight change and serum iron concentrations in obese children. During two consecutive 4-week periods, subjects received either fiber/placebo supplements or placebo/fiber supplements. Initially, and after the fourth and eighth weeks, height, weight, and serum iron concentration were obtained. Diet records were maintained throughout the study. No significant differences (p less than or equal to 0.05) were found in weight change, energy, iron, and crude fiber intakes and serum iron concentrations of the subjects between periods of fiber and placebo supplementation. However, mean weight loss of subjects (336 g) was greater during fiber ingestion than during placebo ingestion (33 g). Due to the small sample size and the subjects&#39; poor compliance, further studies are needed, with a larger sample size, to determine the effectiveness of different fibers in the treatment of obesity.