Papers by Dominiek Sandra
Studies in Written Language and Literacy, 2002
The role of orthographic onset-rime units in Dutch beginning readers Astrid Geudens* Dominiek San... more The role of orthographic onset-rime units in Dutch beginning readers Astrid Geudens* Dominiek Sandra** University of Antwerp One of the basic ... 1997; Sandra & Geudens, 1999; Theloosen &Van Bon, 1993; Van Daal, Reitsma & Van der Leij, 1994; Van den Bosch, 1991; but ...
Morphological Structure in Language Processing, 2003
... This research has led to an immense literature on the topic and we have learnt a lot about ho... more ... This research has led to an immense literature on the topic and we have learnt a lot about how morphologically complex words are processed and mentally represented (for a recent review, cf. McQueen and Cutler, Page 496. 486 Sandra and Fayol 1998). ...
The Mental Lexicon, 2009
Two experiments in which 12-year old children had to spell Dutch inflected verb forms are reporte... more Two experiments in which 12-year old children had to spell Dutch inflected verb forms are reported. Both experiments focus on homophone dominance, i.e., the fact that spellers tend to make more intrusion errors on the lower-frequency form than on the higher-frequency one. Homophone-induced errors are studied at the level of full forms in Experiment 1 and at the sublexical level in Experiment 2. In Experiment 1 the children had to fill out two types of verb forms with homophones in their 1st (verb-finald) and 3rd person (verb-finaldt) singular present tense. In both types the two verb forms had a very low frequency but the 1st person homophone of one type had the same spelling as a noun or adjective ending ind, or ended in such a word. The children made significantly moredintrusions on the 3rd person of these verbs than on the 3rd person of control verbs. In Experiment 2 three types of past tenses with stem-finaldand suffixdehad to be filled out, differing in the type of orthographic...
Memory & Cognition, 2009
Psycholinguistic experiments commonly show that a word is recognized faster following a morpholog... more Psycholinguistic experiments commonly show that a word is recognized faster following a morphologically related prime word than following an unrelated prime (e.g., viewer-view vs. sooner-view; see, e.g., Marslen-Wilson, Tyler, Waksler, & Older, 1994). Recognition times are usually measured as reaction times (RTs) in the wordnonword (lexical) decision task. Importantly, priming from morphological relatives is not only evident in comparison with unrelated prime-target pairs, but also with matched form-related and meaning-related items (e.g., viewer-view vs. freeze-free and bus-car). Furthermore, this pattern is also obtained in the visual masked priming paradigm (Forster & Davis, 1984), in which primes are unavailable for conscious report because of masking and a very brief presentation (e.g., Grainger, Colé, & Segui, 1991). These morphological priming effects are typically interpreted as reflecting access to some form of explicit representation of morphological structure during the recognition of morphologically complex words (see Diependaele, Grainger, & Sandra, in press, for a review). As summarized in Diependaele, Grainger, and Sandra (in press), different mechanisms and architectures have been proposed to account for morphological influences on word recognition. One key theoretical difference that has generated much research in the last decade is whether morphological structure is represented at the level of form representations (i.e., in terms of morpho-orthographic or-phonological representations) and accessed prior to or simultaneous with whole-word (lexical) form representations (e.g., Schreuder & Baayen, 1995; Taft, 1994; Taft & Forster, 1975) or, alternatively, at the level of amodal morpho-semantic representations accessed via wholeword form representations (e.g., Giraudo & Grainger, 2000; Marslen-Wilson et al., 1994). With respect to a possible role for morpho-orthographic representations, one key finding is that visual masked morphological priming with complex primes and stem targets not only occurs with semantically transparent primes (e.g., viewer-view), but also with semantically opaque and pseudocomplex primes (e.g., department-depart, corner-corn; e.g.
Language and Speech, 2010
Two experiments and two corpus studies focus on homophone dominance in the spelling of regularly ... more Two experiments and two corpus studies focus on homophone dominance in the spelling of regularly inflected verb forms, the phenomenon that the higher-frequency homophone causes more intrusion errors on the lower-frequency one than vice versa. Experiment 1 was a speeded dictation task focusing on the Dutch imperative, a verb form whose formation rule is poorly known. A clear-cut effect of homophone dominance was found. This effect was equally strong when the target imperative was preceded by another imperative in the same sentence whose pronunciation reflected the spelling rule. Experiment 2 indicated that the effect of homophone dominance cannot be reduced to an effect of recency. Language users cannot discriminate a recently seen verb form when shown the two homophones. Instead, they choose the most frequent spelling pattern. In Corpus Study 1 a Google search on the world wide web revealed a sublexical effect of homophone dominance in the spelling errors on regular past tense forms...
Language and Cognitive Processes, 1994
Language and Cognitive Processes, 2005
Journal of Neurolinguistics, 2013
Kemmerer, Tranel, and Zdanczyk (2009) reported patients who failed to discriminate between prefer... more Kemmerer, Tranel, and Zdanczyk (2009) reported patients who failed to discriminate between preferred and dispreferred orders of prenominal adjectives, yet were sensitive to the order of adjectives in relation to other parts of speech, and able to judge which of two adjectives was most similar to a cue adjective. The authors concluded that knowledge of the semantic constraints on prenominal adjective order can be impaired without an impairment of purely syntactic adjective order knowledge, or knowledge of semantic adjective classes. Using simulation studies, we demonstrate that the impairment of these patients can be characterized as overeager abstraction. Oversmoothing a similarity-based bigram language model with a similarity metric based on word co-occurrence distributions resulted in the same performance dissociation between tasks as reported for Kemmerer et al.'s selectively impaired patients. Additionally, the strength with which the patients preferred a specific adjective order for a given stimulus was predicted by the stimulus' robustness to overeager abstraction. Our results provide a general cognitive account based on the online creation of temporary summary representations that is supported by current neurocognitive views on verbal cognition. This account lends a more insightful explanation for impairments of linguistic knowledge than an explanation relying solely on linguistic abstractions.
Cognitive Psychology, 2007
We develop the view that inXection is driven partly by non-phonological analogy and that nonphono... more We develop the view that inXection is driven partly by non-phonological analogy and that nonphonological information is of particular importance to the inXection of non-canonical roots, which in the view of [
Bilingualism, 2006
To investigate decision level processes involved in bilingual word recognition tasks, Dutch–Engli... more To investigate decision level processes involved in bilingual word recognition tasks, Dutch–English participants had to name Dutch–English homographs in English. In a stimulus list containing items from both languages, interlingual homographs yielded longer naming latencies, more Dutch responses, and more other errors in both response languages if they had a high-frequency Dutch reading. Dutch naming latencies were slower than or equally slow as English naming latencies. In a stimulus list containing only English words and homographs, there was no homograph effect in naming latencies, although homographs did elicit more errors than control words. The results are interpreted as the consequence of list-induced variability in the competition between lexical items of the two languages involved. In addition, two additional decision processes have to be assumed: a language check, and a response deadline for non-target-language responses.
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2008
Dutch–English participants named words and nonwords with a between-language phonologically incons... more Dutch–English participants named words and nonwords with a between-language phonologically inconsistent rime, e.g., GREED and PREED, and control words with a language-typical rime, e.g., GROAN, in a monolingual stimulus list or in a mixed list containing Dutch words. Inconsistent items had longer latencies and more errors than typical items in the mixed lists but not in the pure list. The consistency effect depended on word frequency, but not on language membership, lexicality, or instruction. Instruction did affect the relative speed and number of errors in the two languages. The consistency effect is the consequence of the simultaneous activation of two sublexical codes in the…
Journal of Memory and Language, 2003
The importance of the onset-rime structure in phonological awareness is widely accepted. We focus... more The importance of the onset-rime structure in phonological awareness is widely accepted. We focused on Dutchspeaking childrenÕs explicit awareness. Four experiments failed to support the relevance of the onset-rime distinction in this domain. First, prereaders and first-graders found it easier to segment two-phoneme syllables within the rime VC (e.g., =o+t=), than between onset and rime in the reversed CV (e.g., =to+=). Second, prereaders did not find it easier to substitute a phoneme in a CV than in a VC. Third, when first-graders were required to segment CVCs, CV strings were left intact more frequently than rimes. Thus, Dutch-speaking children did not treat onsets and rimes as cohesive units of the syllable in tasks tapping explicit awareness. Phonetic factors may play an important role in determining cohesion between phonemes.
The modeling of psycholinguistic phenomena, such as word reading, with machine learning technique... more The modeling of psycholinguistic phenomena, such as word reading, with machine learning techniques requires the featurization of word stimuli into appropriate orthographic and phonological representations. Critically, the choice of features impacts the performance of machine learning algorithms, and can have important ramifications for the conclusions drawn from a model. As such, featurizing words with a variety of feature sets, without having to resort to using different tools is beneficial in terms of development cost. In this work, we present wordkit, a python package which allows users to switch between feature sets and featurizers with a uniform API, allowing for rapid prototyping. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first package which integrates a variety of orthographic and phonological featurizers in a single package. The package is fully compatible with scikit-learn, and hence can be integrated into a variety of machine learning pipelines. Furthermore, the package is...
... In another, they had to assess the degree of semantic congruity between context and target se... more ... In another, they had to assess the degree of semantic congruity between context and target sentence ... of the target sentences), included to counterbalance the high degree of semantic integration for ... Interestingly, this sense effect persists at target2, ie, the last word of the syntactic ...
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Papers by Dominiek Sandra