Este documento presenta opciones de configuraciones espaciales de estrategias REDD+ y explora sus... more Este documento presenta opciones de configuraciones espaciales de estrategias REDD+ y explora sus beneficios sociales y ambientales potenciales para tres escenarios de deforestación futura en el área de intervención priorizada por el Ministerio de Ambiente del Ecuador. El área priorizada abarca el 70% del área forestal potencial y tiene el 85% del área forestal remanente del Ecuador en el 2013. Aquí ocurrieron aproximadamente ocho de cada diez hectáreas de deforestación neta del país en el periodo 2008-2013. El área priorizada corresponde a cinco de las 14 zonas de procesos homogéneos de deforestación (ZPHD) identificadas por Castro et. al. (2014) en el Ecuador continental. Las ZPHD son agrupaciones de cantones cuyos sistemas productivos rurales y de decisiones sobre el uso de los suelos son relativamente homogéneos y que, por lo tanto, tienen paisajes similares y factores de deforestación comunes. Estas fueron la base para la implementación de los estudios económicos locales y de promotores de la deforestación a nivel nacional que se presentó en el Plan de Acción REDD+ Ecuador (PA REDD+).
Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used in ecology and conservation. Presence-only SDM... more Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used in ecology and conservation. Presence-only SDMs such as MaxEnt frequently use natural history collections (NHCs) as occurrence data, given their huge numbers and accessibility. NHCs are often spatially biased which may generate inaccuracies in SDMs. Here, we test how the distribution of NHCs and MaxEnt predictions relates to a spatial abundance model, based on a large plot dataset for Amazonian tree species, using inverse distance weighting (IDW). We also propose a new pipeline to deal with inconsistencies in NHCs and to limit the area of occupancy of the species. We found a significant but weak positive relationship between the distribution of NHCs and IDW for 66% of the species. The relationship between SDMs and IDW was also significant but weakly positive for 95% of the species, and sensitivity for both analyses was high. Furthermore, the pipeline removed half of the NHCs records. Presence-only SDM applications should consider th...
The extent to which pre-Columbian societies altered Amazonian landscapes is hotly debated. We per... more The extent to which pre-Columbian societies altered Amazonian landscapes is hotly debated. We performed a basin-wide analysis of pre-Columbian impacts on Amazonian forests by overlaying known archaeological sites in Amazonia with the distributions and abundances of 85 woody species domesticated by pre-Columbian peoples. Domesticated species are five times more likely than nondomesticated species to be hyperdominant. Across the basin, the relative abundance and richness of domesticated species increase in forests on and around archaeological sites. In southwestern and eastern Amazonia, distance to archaeological sites strongly influences the relative abundance and richness of domesticated species. Our analyses indicate that modern tree communities in Amazonia are structured to an important extent by a long history of plant domestication by Amazonian peoples.
This study demonstrates the importance of scale in understanding the common property institutions... more This study demonstrates the importance of scale in understanding the common property institutions of indigenous groups in the Amazon. Using the example of the Pueblo Kichwa de Rukullakta, an ethnic Kichwa group in the Ecuadorian Amazon, we analyze land tenure arrangements at the household, community, and territory levels using a common property framework. The specific bundle of rights identified by the framework is held at the household level but households rely on community and territory level arrangements for their enforcement. Land claims at the community and territory level also serve to define the pool of legitimate rights holders at the next lower level. Due to the importance of scale in understanding indigenous land tenure generally, we suggest an adaptation of the common property framework to explicitly recognize the role of scale. This adapted framework identifies the function, characteristics, and means of enforcement for land claims at each scale of analysis.
Project Number: NR-97-2. By: Rodrigo Sierra. Jordan Chamberlin. Department of Geography. ... In a... more Project Number: NR-97-2. By: Rodrigo Sierra. Jordan Chamberlin. Department of Geography. ... In addition, a small wetland area existed in what is today the port area of Puerto Peñasco. This has been called in this study the Puerto Peñasco Estuary. Yensen et al. ...
... Wildlife Conservation Society, Quito (Ecuador). Título : Areas prioritarias para la conservac... more ... Wildlife Conservation Society, Quito (Ecuador). Título : Areas prioritarias para la conservación de la biodiversidad en el Ecuador continental: un estudio basado en la biodiversidad de ecosistemas y su ornitofauna. Idioma : Es. P. imprenta : Quito (Ecuador). 1999. 171 p.. ...
El presente estudio examina los posibles futuros impactos asociados al desarrollo de grandes proy... more El presente estudio examina los posibles futuros impactos asociados al desarrollo de grandes proyectos de infraestructura vial en la amazonia oeste. Para esto se analizan los impactos en tres áreas de estudio, dos en Perú y una en Bolivia, asociadas a mejoras viales en proceso de implementación o planifiadas en el contexto de la Iniciativa para la Integración de la Infraestructura Regional Suramericana (IIRSA).
Este documento presenta opciones de configuraciones espaciales de estrategias REDD+ y explora sus... more Este documento presenta opciones de configuraciones espaciales de estrategias REDD+ y explora sus beneficios sociales y ambientales potenciales para tres escenarios de deforestación futura en el área de intervención priorizada por el Ministerio de Ambiente del Ecuador. El área priorizada abarca el 70% del área forestal potencial y tiene el 85% del área forestal remanente del Ecuador en el 2013. Aquí ocurrieron aproximadamente ocho de cada diez hectáreas de deforestación neta del país en el periodo 2008-2013. El área priorizada corresponde a cinco de las 14 zonas de procesos homogéneos de deforestación (ZPHD) identificadas por Castro et. al. (2014) en el Ecuador continental. Las ZPHD son agrupaciones de cantones cuyos sistemas productivos rurales y de decisiones sobre el uso de los suelos son relativamente homogéneos y que, por lo tanto, tienen paisajes similares y factores de deforestación comunes. Estas fueron la base para la implementación de los estudios económicos locales y de promotores de la deforestación a nivel nacional que se presentó en el Plan de Acción REDD+ Ecuador (PA REDD+).
Estudiamos los factores directos e indirectos que explican los cambios de la cobertura forestal n... more Estudiamos los factores directos e indirectos que explican los cambios de la cobertura forestal natural de Costa Rica en el periodo 1987-2013. Los factores directos corresponden a los agentes y sistemas de usos del suelo asociados a los cambios de cobertura observados en paisajes productivos determinados. Los factores indirectos son las razones por las que estos agentes toman decisiones que inciden en la cobertura forestal. Identificamos factores estructurales, que cambian e inciden en las tendencias de cobertura a largo plazo y cuyo efecto es difícil de revertir, y factores coyunturales, que varían e inciden en la cobertura a corto plazo y cuyo impacto es, generalmente, reversible. Examinamos independientemente los patrones regionales y temporales de la deforestación bruta y la regeneración bruta de bosques nativos. Para cada componente desarrollamos modelos empíricos de las tendencias estructurales y coyunturales y los relacionamos con los factores identificados para construir una propuesta de relaciones funcionales que explican los patrones observados. El análisis regional se enfoca en identificar Zonas de Procesos Homogéneos de Uso del Suelo (ZPHUS). Las ZPHUS son un intento de sistematizar la variabilidad regional de las tendencias y factores de cambio de la cobertura forestal natural de Costa Rica. El objetivo es identificar regiones con paisajes productivos característicos que responden a un set común de factores preponderantes.
This paper examines the impact of early market integration on the extraction of forest resources ... more This paper examines the impact of early market integration on the extraction of forest resources by traditional forest-based households, with emphasis on the commercial-subsistence dichotomy. Empirical analysis of resource use transition among the Huaorani People of the Ecuadorian Amazon shows that as markets become more accessible production patterns change but do not seem to affect subsistence production. Huaoranis increase the production of animal resources from forests. However, the extraction of harvested and primarily of farmed commodities seems not to be affected. Data also suggest that trade relies on limited specialization. Trade among the Huaorani communities studied depends on raising the production of some of the same commodities that are found in the subsistence basket. These changes are clearly explained if a flexible-labor theory of early market integration is used. This period is characterized by labor and land abundance and a relative ease to move labor from low return to more productive activities. Under these conditions, market participation need not be accompanied by a reduction in the production of subsistence commodities or commodity specialization. High risks and uncertainty and high transportation costs keep poor forest households from shifting completely to commercial activities. This contrasts with a long presumption that production of individual commodities responds quickly to price changes, based on demand shifts between products, but that total output is slow to respond. Only after all the surplus labor has been allocated to productive activities total output becomes less flexible. At this point increased production requires commodity or technological specialization .
Setting conservation priorities with a geographic vision is essential in developing countries due... more Setting conservation priorities with a geographic vision is essential in developing countries due to limited resources for conservation and the urgency of establishing new reserves. Priorities should re¯ect the risk ecosystems are facing and how represented they are in current national reserve networks (NRN). Conservation planning, research, and reserve design should focus on priority ecosystems. This study identi®ed the priority ecosystems for the conservation of continental Ecuador's biodiversity using a multi-criteria model developed in collaboration with Ecuador's Ministry of the Environment. This model ranked ecosystems based on four conditions: representativeness in the current reserve network, human pressure, habitat loss, and species-level value based on bird species data. Results show that although Ecuador's reserve network covers approximately 14% of the country, several ecosystems are poorly represented using a conservative 10% level benchmark, while others are not included at all. In general, highly diverse, humid environments are well represented while low-diversity, dry environments, are poorly represented. These low-diversity, low-representation ecosystems are also the most threatened. Conservation programs and new reserves design in continental Ecuador should concentrate on these ecosystems until the desired representativeness is attained. These results were formally presented to Ecuador's Ministry of the Environment in 2000. This study shows that an ecosystem-risk-representativeness approach can be implemented ef®ciently at scales that take advantage of limited resources yet are effective for policy and planning. Current technologies can be used effectively to map major ecosystems, and to assess various forms of risk and representativeness in reasonable time for a country or a large region. #
... Wildlife Conservation Society, Quito (Ecuador). Título : Areas prioritarias para la conservac... more ... Wildlife Conservation Society, Quito (Ecuador). Título : Areas prioritarias para la conservación de la biodiversidad en el Ecuador continental: un estudio basado en la biodiversidad de ecosistemas y su ornitofauna. Idioma : Es. P. imprenta : Quito (Ecuador). 1999. 171 p.. ...
This study examines the demand for land resources and agricultural production in the lower Pastaz... more This study examines the demand for land resources and agricultural production in the lower Pastaza River Basin of the Ecuadorian Amazon. Specifically, we concentrate on two territories controlled by Jivaroan indigenous groups. First, the analysis compares the structural characteristics of riverine and interfluvial cultivation systems in the region. Second, the study investigates the connections between agricultural intensity, population pressure and composition, and terrain conditions at the household level through the integration of geographic information systems, remote sensing, socio-economic surveys, and regression analyses. The study shows that although cultivation practices and the proportion between consumers and producers at the household level are not significantly different among riverine and interfluvial groups, riverine cultivators produce more intensively than interfluvial landholders. In general, the demand for agricultural production at a household level is positively correlated with population pressure and soil quality. In this region, the extent of cultivation is significantly associated with the proportion between consumers and producers along the household’s developmental cycle. These findings provide support for the view that land use intensification among indigenous peoples is similar to the dynamic among non-indigenous market-oriented producers.► Indigenous Amazonian cultivators produce more intensively in riverine areas than in interfluves. ► Agricultural production is positively correlated with population pressure and soil quality. ► The extent of cultivation is correlated with dependency ratio along the household’s life cycle. ► The dynamics of land use intensification is similar among indigenous peoples and pioneer farmers.
We use a spatial perspective to analyze traditional land use systems in Western Amazonia, with em... more We use a spatial perspective to analyze traditional land use systems in Western Amazonia, with emphasis on agriculture. This research examines the linkages between the social and spatial contexts of indigenous cultivators and agricultural change through the integration of geographic information systems, remote sensing, and logistic multiple regression. Results show that the probability of the presence of agriculture increases with population pressure in areas closer to existing cultivation fields. Areas that are close to service infrastructure and existing residential zones are less likely to be used for agriculture since these areas are recuperating as fallows. The model shows that the presence of agriculture is not affected by soil quality; however, extensive cultivation currently occurs in relatively steep slopes with poor soils. These findings suggest that there may be an overall scarcity of land resources for food production. Further research should involve time series data to model land use trajectories and determine when landscape changes could be expected.
Este documento presenta opciones de configuraciones espaciales de estrategias REDD+ y explora sus... more Este documento presenta opciones de configuraciones espaciales de estrategias REDD+ y explora sus beneficios sociales y ambientales potenciales para tres escenarios de deforestación futura en el área de intervención priorizada por el Ministerio de Ambiente del Ecuador. El área priorizada abarca el 70% del área forestal potencial y tiene el 85% del área forestal remanente del Ecuador en el 2013. Aquí ocurrieron aproximadamente ocho de cada diez hectáreas de deforestación neta del país en el periodo 2008-2013. El área priorizada corresponde a cinco de las 14 zonas de procesos homogéneos de deforestación (ZPHD) identificadas por Castro et. al. (2014) en el Ecuador continental. Las ZPHD son agrupaciones de cantones cuyos sistemas productivos rurales y de decisiones sobre el uso de los suelos son relativamente homogéneos y que, por lo tanto, tienen paisajes similares y factores de deforestación comunes. Estas fueron la base para la implementación de los estudios económicos locales y de promotores de la deforestación a nivel nacional que se presentó en el Plan de Acción REDD+ Ecuador (PA REDD+).
Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used in ecology and conservation. Presence-only SDM... more Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used in ecology and conservation. Presence-only SDMs such as MaxEnt frequently use natural history collections (NHCs) as occurrence data, given their huge numbers and accessibility. NHCs are often spatially biased which may generate inaccuracies in SDMs. Here, we test how the distribution of NHCs and MaxEnt predictions relates to a spatial abundance model, based on a large plot dataset for Amazonian tree species, using inverse distance weighting (IDW). We also propose a new pipeline to deal with inconsistencies in NHCs and to limit the area of occupancy of the species. We found a significant but weak positive relationship between the distribution of NHCs and IDW for 66% of the species. The relationship between SDMs and IDW was also significant but weakly positive for 95% of the species, and sensitivity for both analyses was high. Furthermore, the pipeline removed half of the NHCs records. Presence-only SDM applications should consider th...
The extent to which pre-Columbian societies altered Amazonian landscapes is hotly debated. We per... more The extent to which pre-Columbian societies altered Amazonian landscapes is hotly debated. We performed a basin-wide analysis of pre-Columbian impacts on Amazonian forests by overlaying known archaeological sites in Amazonia with the distributions and abundances of 85 woody species domesticated by pre-Columbian peoples. Domesticated species are five times more likely than nondomesticated species to be hyperdominant. Across the basin, the relative abundance and richness of domesticated species increase in forests on and around archaeological sites. In southwestern and eastern Amazonia, distance to archaeological sites strongly influences the relative abundance and richness of domesticated species. Our analyses indicate that modern tree communities in Amazonia are structured to an important extent by a long history of plant domestication by Amazonian peoples.
This study demonstrates the importance of scale in understanding the common property institutions... more This study demonstrates the importance of scale in understanding the common property institutions of indigenous groups in the Amazon. Using the example of the Pueblo Kichwa de Rukullakta, an ethnic Kichwa group in the Ecuadorian Amazon, we analyze land tenure arrangements at the household, community, and territory levels using a common property framework. The specific bundle of rights identified by the framework is held at the household level but households rely on community and territory level arrangements for their enforcement. Land claims at the community and territory level also serve to define the pool of legitimate rights holders at the next lower level. Due to the importance of scale in understanding indigenous land tenure generally, we suggest an adaptation of the common property framework to explicitly recognize the role of scale. This adapted framework identifies the function, characteristics, and means of enforcement for land claims at each scale of analysis.
Project Number: NR-97-2. By: Rodrigo Sierra. Jordan Chamberlin. Department of Geography. ... In a... more Project Number: NR-97-2. By: Rodrigo Sierra. Jordan Chamberlin. Department of Geography. ... In addition, a small wetland area existed in what is today the port area of Puerto Peñasco. This has been called in this study the Puerto Peñasco Estuary. Yensen et al. ...
... Wildlife Conservation Society, Quito (Ecuador). Título : Areas prioritarias para la conservac... more ... Wildlife Conservation Society, Quito (Ecuador). Título : Areas prioritarias para la conservación de la biodiversidad en el Ecuador continental: un estudio basado en la biodiversidad de ecosistemas y su ornitofauna. Idioma : Es. P. imprenta : Quito (Ecuador). 1999. 171 p.. ...
El presente estudio examina los posibles futuros impactos asociados al desarrollo de grandes proy... more El presente estudio examina los posibles futuros impactos asociados al desarrollo de grandes proyectos de infraestructura vial en la amazonia oeste. Para esto se analizan los impactos en tres áreas de estudio, dos en Perú y una en Bolivia, asociadas a mejoras viales en proceso de implementación o planifiadas en el contexto de la Iniciativa para la Integración de la Infraestructura Regional Suramericana (IIRSA).
Este documento presenta opciones de configuraciones espaciales de estrategias REDD+ y explora sus... more Este documento presenta opciones de configuraciones espaciales de estrategias REDD+ y explora sus beneficios sociales y ambientales potenciales para tres escenarios de deforestación futura en el área de intervención priorizada por el Ministerio de Ambiente del Ecuador. El área priorizada abarca el 70% del área forestal potencial y tiene el 85% del área forestal remanente del Ecuador en el 2013. Aquí ocurrieron aproximadamente ocho de cada diez hectáreas de deforestación neta del país en el periodo 2008-2013. El área priorizada corresponde a cinco de las 14 zonas de procesos homogéneos de deforestación (ZPHD) identificadas por Castro et. al. (2014) en el Ecuador continental. Las ZPHD son agrupaciones de cantones cuyos sistemas productivos rurales y de decisiones sobre el uso de los suelos son relativamente homogéneos y que, por lo tanto, tienen paisajes similares y factores de deforestación comunes. Estas fueron la base para la implementación de los estudios económicos locales y de promotores de la deforestación a nivel nacional que se presentó en el Plan de Acción REDD+ Ecuador (PA REDD+).
Estudiamos los factores directos e indirectos que explican los cambios de la cobertura forestal n... more Estudiamos los factores directos e indirectos que explican los cambios de la cobertura forestal natural de Costa Rica en el periodo 1987-2013. Los factores directos corresponden a los agentes y sistemas de usos del suelo asociados a los cambios de cobertura observados en paisajes productivos determinados. Los factores indirectos son las razones por las que estos agentes toman decisiones que inciden en la cobertura forestal. Identificamos factores estructurales, que cambian e inciden en las tendencias de cobertura a largo plazo y cuyo efecto es difícil de revertir, y factores coyunturales, que varían e inciden en la cobertura a corto plazo y cuyo impacto es, generalmente, reversible. Examinamos independientemente los patrones regionales y temporales de la deforestación bruta y la regeneración bruta de bosques nativos. Para cada componente desarrollamos modelos empíricos de las tendencias estructurales y coyunturales y los relacionamos con los factores identificados para construir una propuesta de relaciones funcionales que explican los patrones observados. El análisis regional se enfoca en identificar Zonas de Procesos Homogéneos de Uso del Suelo (ZPHUS). Las ZPHUS son un intento de sistematizar la variabilidad regional de las tendencias y factores de cambio de la cobertura forestal natural de Costa Rica. El objetivo es identificar regiones con paisajes productivos característicos que responden a un set común de factores preponderantes.
This paper examines the impact of early market integration on the extraction of forest resources ... more This paper examines the impact of early market integration on the extraction of forest resources by traditional forest-based households, with emphasis on the commercial-subsistence dichotomy. Empirical analysis of resource use transition among the Huaorani People of the Ecuadorian Amazon shows that as markets become more accessible production patterns change but do not seem to affect subsistence production. Huaoranis increase the production of animal resources from forests. However, the extraction of harvested and primarily of farmed commodities seems not to be affected. Data also suggest that trade relies on limited specialization. Trade among the Huaorani communities studied depends on raising the production of some of the same commodities that are found in the subsistence basket. These changes are clearly explained if a flexible-labor theory of early market integration is used. This period is characterized by labor and land abundance and a relative ease to move labor from low return to more productive activities. Under these conditions, market participation need not be accompanied by a reduction in the production of subsistence commodities or commodity specialization. High risks and uncertainty and high transportation costs keep poor forest households from shifting completely to commercial activities. This contrasts with a long presumption that production of individual commodities responds quickly to price changes, based on demand shifts between products, but that total output is slow to respond. Only after all the surplus labor has been allocated to productive activities total output becomes less flexible. At this point increased production requires commodity or technological specialization .
Setting conservation priorities with a geographic vision is essential in developing countries due... more Setting conservation priorities with a geographic vision is essential in developing countries due to limited resources for conservation and the urgency of establishing new reserves. Priorities should re¯ect the risk ecosystems are facing and how represented they are in current national reserve networks (NRN). Conservation planning, research, and reserve design should focus on priority ecosystems. This study identi®ed the priority ecosystems for the conservation of continental Ecuador's biodiversity using a multi-criteria model developed in collaboration with Ecuador's Ministry of the Environment. This model ranked ecosystems based on four conditions: representativeness in the current reserve network, human pressure, habitat loss, and species-level value based on bird species data. Results show that although Ecuador's reserve network covers approximately 14% of the country, several ecosystems are poorly represented using a conservative 10% level benchmark, while others are not included at all. In general, highly diverse, humid environments are well represented while low-diversity, dry environments, are poorly represented. These low-diversity, low-representation ecosystems are also the most threatened. Conservation programs and new reserves design in continental Ecuador should concentrate on these ecosystems until the desired representativeness is attained. These results were formally presented to Ecuador's Ministry of the Environment in 2000. This study shows that an ecosystem-risk-representativeness approach can be implemented ef®ciently at scales that take advantage of limited resources yet are effective for policy and planning. Current technologies can be used effectively to map major ecosystems, and to assess various forms of risk and representativeness in reasonable time for a country or a large region. #
... Wildlife Conservation Society, Quito (Ecuador). Título : Areas prioritarias para la conservac... more ... Wildlife Conservation Society, Quito (Ecuador). Título : Areas prioritarias para la conservación de la biodiversidad en el Ecuador continental: un estudio basado en la biodiversidad de ecosistemas y su ornitofauna. Idioma : Es. P. imprenta : Quito (Ecuador). 1999. 171 p.. ...
This study examines the demand for land resources and agricultural production in the lower Pastaz... more This study examines the demand for land resources and agricultural production in the lower Pastaza River Basin of the Ecuadorian Amazon. Specifically, we concentrate on two territories controlled by Jivaroan indigenous groups. First, the analysis compares the structural characteristics of riverine and interfluvial cultivation systems in the region. Second, the study investigates the connections between agricultural intensity, population pressure and composition, and terrain conditions at the household level through the integration of geographic information systems, remote sensing, socio-economic surveys, and regression analyses. The study shows that although cultivation practices and the proportion between consumers and producers at the household level are not significantly different among riverine and interfluvial groups, riverine cultivators produce more intensively than interfluvial landholders. In general, the demand for agricultural production at a household level is positively correlated with population pressure and soil quality. In this region, the extent of cultivation is significantly associated with the proportion between consumers and producers along the household’s developmental cycle. These findings provide support for the view that land use intensification among indigenous peoples is similar to the dynamic among non-indigenous market-oriented producers.► Indigenous Amazonian cultivators produce more intensively in riverine areas than in interfluves. ► Agricultural production is positively correlated with population pressure and soil quality. ► The extent of cultivation is correlated with dependency ratio along the household’s life cycle. ► The dynamics of land use intensification is similar among indigenous peoples and pioneer farmers.
We use a spatial perspective to analyze traditional land use systems in Western Amazonia, with em... more We use a spatial perspective to analyze traditional land use systems in Western Amazonia, with emphasis on agriculture. This research examines the linkages between the social and spatial contexts of indigenous cultivators and agricultural change through the integration of geographic information systems, remote sensing, and logistic multiple regression. Results show that the probability of the presence of agriculture increases with population pressure in areas closer to existing cultivation fields. Areas that are close to service infrastructure and existing residential zones are less likely to be used for agriculture since these areas are recuperating as fallows. The model shows that the presence of agriculture is not affected by soil quality; however, extensive cultivation currently occurs in relatively steep slopes with poor soils. These findings suggest that there may be an overall scarcity of land resources for food production. Further research should involve time series data to model land use trajectories and determine when landscape changes could be expected.
Identificamos a los agentes y factores que explican los cambios en la cobertura forestal nativa e... more Identificamos a los agentes y factores que explican los cambios en la cobertura forestal nativa en 50 Zonas de Procesos Homogéneos de Deforestación (ZPHDs) del Ecuador entre 1990 y 2018, con énfasis en el período 2014-2018. Las ZPHD sistematizan la variabilidad geográfica de los usos del suelo asociados a cambios nacionales y regionales recientes.
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Papers by Rodrigo Sierra
la Integración de la Infraestructura Regional Suramericana (IIRSA).
de intervención priorizada por el Ministerio de Ambiente del Ecuador. El área priorizada abarca el 70% del área forestal potencial y tiene el 85% del área forestal remanente del Ecuador en el 2013. Aquí ocurrieron aproximadamente ocho de cada diez hectáreas de deforestación neta del país en el periodo 2008-2013. El área priorizada corresponde a cinco de las 14 zonas de procesos homogéneos de deforestación (ZPHD) identificadas por Castro et. al. (2014) en el Ecuador continental. Las ZPHD son agrupaciones de cantones cuyos sistemas productivos rurales y de decisiones sobre el uso de los suelos son relativamente homogéneos y que, por lo tanto, tienen paisajes similares y factores de deforestación comunes. Estas fueron la base para la implementación
de los estudios económicos locales y de promotores de la deforestación a nivel nacional que se presentó en el Plan de Acción REDD+ Ecuador (PA REDD+).
la Integración de la Infraestructura Regional Suramericana (IIRSA).
de intervención priorizada por el Ministerio de Ambiente del Ecuador. El área priorizada abarca el 70% del área forestal potencial y tiene el 85% del área forestal remanente del Ecuador en el 2013. Aquí ocurrieron aproximadamente ocho de cada diez hectáreas de deforestación neta del país en el periodo 2008-2013. El área priorizada corresponde a cinco de las 14 zonas de procesos homogéneos de deforestación (ZPHD) identificadas por Castro et. al. (2014) en el Ecuador continental. Las ZPHD son agrupaciones de cantones cuyos sistemas productivos rurales y de decisiones sobre el uso de los suelos son relativamente homogéneos y que, por lo tanto, tienen paisajes similares y factores de deforestación comunes. Estas fueron la base para la implementación
de los estudios económicos locales y de promotores de la deforestación a nivel nacional que se presentó en el Plan de Acción REDD+ Ecuador (PA REDD+).