Papers by Rekha Morchhale
archives of razi institute, Sep 26, 2021
Wound infections are among public health problems worldwide. However, progress has been made in i... more Wound infections are among public health problems worldwide. However, progress has been made in improving surgical techniques and antibiotic treatments. Misuse/overuse of antibiotics to prevent and treat bacterial infections eventually leads to increased bacterial resistance with rising incidences of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains. The wider dissemination of antibiotics may ultimately result in ineffectiveness to antibiotic therapy, thereby complicating/graving the outcome of a patient. In the present study, a 60-year-old male patient having wound infection with MDR bacterium that ultimately required surgical amputation of the toe was investigated. For the confirmation of MDR bacterium, two culture media viz., MacConkeyAgar and Mueller Hinton Agar media were used. The sensitivity of the isolated strain for various antibiotics was tested using the disc diffusion method. The wound sample was found positive for Gram-positive bacterium that was identified as Clostridium perfringens. The bacterium was screened for 40 antibiotics, and among all the antibiotics, it was found sensitive for only Piperacillin/Tazobactam antibiotic combination. C. perfringens bacterium caused the gas gangrene in the infected wound part of the patient. Amputation of the gangreneaffected foot part was performed by surgery, and with good medical care, the person recovered fast. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first-ever report of MDRC. perfringens single isolate harboring resistance against at least 40 antibiotics tested. More research is needed to develop really new and effective medicines that do not cross-react with antibiotics now in use and have robust activity against MDR organisms.
Archives of Razi Institute, 2021
Edema factor (EF) is one of the major secretory proteins of anthrax bacteria along with protectiv... more Edema factor (EF) is one of the major secretory proteins of anthrax bacteria along with protective antigen (PA) and lethal factor (LF). Edema factor is a calmodulin-and calcium-dependent adenylate cyclase that increases intracellular levels of cAMP. Intracellular trafficking of EF occurs through PA by binding to ATR/CMG2 receptors, which are also involved in other physiological functions of cells. cAMP is a secondary messenger which activates multiple signaling cascades involved in the cytokinetics of actin molecules and cell junction formation. The present study evaluated the effect of EF on growth and angiogenesis patterns in chicken embryos in the in ovo model. Angiogenesis in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of an embryonated chicken egg was decreased and embryo growth was delayed by EF despite the absence of trafficking moiety PA, which is required for transferring the EF molecule inside the cell. Angiogenesis inhibition and embryo growth retardation indicate the use of an al...
Edema factor (EF) is one of the major secretory proteins of anthrax bacteria along with protectiv... more Edema factor (EF) is one of the major secretory proteins of anthrax bacteria along with protective antigen (PA) and lethal factor (LF). Edema factor is a calmodulin-and calcium-dependent adenylate cyclase that increases intracellular levels of cAMP. Intracellular trafficking of EF occurs through PA by binding to ATR/CMG2 receptors, which are also involved in other physiological functions of cells. cAMP is a secondary messenger which activates multiple signaling cascades involved in the cytokinetics of actin molecules and cell junction formation. The present study evaluated the effect of EF on growth and angiogenesis patterns in chicken embryos in the in ovo model. Angiogenesis in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of an embryonated chicken egg was decreased and embryo growth was delayed by EF despite the absence of trafficking moiety PA, which is required for transferring the EF molecule inside the cell. Angiogenesis inhibition and embryo growth retardation indicate the use of an al...
Biomedicines, 2021
Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are disorders of the immune system that involve faulty cellular... more Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are disorders of the immune system that involve faulty cellular, humoral, or both cellular and humoral functions. PIDs are present at the crossroad between infections, immune dysregulation, and cancers. A panel encompassing 42 genes involved in both PIDs and cancer has been investigated for the genes’ compositional properties, codon usage patterns, various forces affecting codon choice, protein properties, and gene expression profiles. In the present study, the codon choice of genes was found to be dependent upon the richness of the nucleotide; the viz AT nucleotide rich genome preferred AT ending codons. The dinucleotide TpA adversely affected protein expression, while CpG did not. The CTG codon was the most overrepresented codon in 80.95% of genes. Analysis of various protein properties, including GRAVY, AROMA, isoelectric point, aliphatic index, hydrophobicity, instability index, and numbers of acidic, basic, and neutral amino acid residues revea...
The Veterinary record, Jan 25, 2007
SIR, — The highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) virus subtype h5n1 has become endemic in poul... more SIR, — The highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) virus subtype h5n1 has become endemic in poultry populations in south-east Asia since 2003. During the second week of July 2007, an unusual mortality of 82 per cent was reported in a flock of 132 chickens on a poultry farm in Manipur, northeast
Frontiers in immunology, 2018
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is a phenomenon in which preexisting poorly neutralizing ant... more Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is a phenomenon in which preexisting poorly neutralizing antibodies leads to enhanced infection. It is a serious concern with mosquito-borne flaviviruses such as Dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV). experimental evidences have indicated the preventive, as well as a pathogenicity-enhancing role, of preexisting DENV antibodies in ZIKV infections. ADE has been confirmed in DENV but not ZIKV infections. Principally, the Fc region of the anti-DENV antibody binds with the fragment crystallizable gamma receptor (FcγR), and subsequent C1q interactions and immune effector functions are responsible for the ADE. In contrast to normal DENV infections, with ADE in DENV infections, inhibition of STAT1 phosphorylation and a reduction in IRF-1 gene expression, NOS2 levels, and RIG-1 and MDA-5 expression levels occurs. FcγRIIA is the most permissive FcγR for DENV-ADE, and under hypoxic conditions, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha transcriptionally enhances ...
Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences ·Horizon Publisher India [HPI], 2020
The novel coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 is an emerging disease with ... more The novel coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 is an emerging disease with deadly consequences, extended its stride over the globe commenced from the epicenter, Wuhan wet market, China led to declare globally as pandemic disease. Several non-specific features of the disease like prolonged incubation period, asymptomatic yet contagious, longer illness duration, and conveyance post clinical recovery feature makes prevention difficult and is the key reason for its rapid spread across the world. Covid-19 shows varied manifestations with the majority of reported cases having mild or even no symptoms. However, the infection led to a destructive footprint in the pulmonary system, specifically, lungs are most prone to damage, making them incapable of conducting respiratory functions and thus, resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-organ dysfunction, and loss of life. Up to the present, there is no worldwide-approved treatment for COVID-19 and on...
Autophagy, 2008
Research in autophagy continues to accelerate, 1 and as a result many new scientists are entering... more Research in autophagy continues to accelerate, 1 and as a result many new scientists are entering the field. Accordingly, it is important to establish a standard set of criteria for monitoring macroautophagy in different organisms. Recent reviews have ...
International Journal of Pharmacology, Jul 1, 2017
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Papers by Rekha Morchhale