Skip to main content

RAMINDER KAUR

Followers

38

Following

27

Co-authors

3

Public Views

•Dr. Raminder Kaur is Assistant professor in the Department of Polymer Science and Chemical Technology (Applied Chemistry Department), Delhi Technological University (formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India. She received her doctorate degree in Chemical Engineering from Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi (IITD). She has received her M.Tech degree in Polymer Technology from Department of Chemical Engineering, Panjab University, Chandigarh, Punjab and her B.Tech degree in Chemical Engineering from Beant College of Engineering and Technology, Gurdaspur, Punjab. Her research interests include Reaction Engineering, Bio-based Polymeric Materials and Composites, Conducting Polymers, Pollution Abatement Technologies. She has published over 40 research papers in international journals, one book chapter and about 75 papers in national and international conferences. She has worked/presently working on a different research project funded by CSIR, DRDO and DTU.She has received ‘Research Excellence Award’ from DTU for year 2017, 2018, 2019, 2021, 2022 and 2023. She is a fellow of IEChE, The Society of Polymer Science, India and Asian Polymer Association, MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY OF INDIA, SOCIETY FOR MATERIALS CHEMISTRY, INDIAN SOCIETY OF ANALYTICAL SCIENTISTS and Reviewer of many journals of international repute.

less

University of Zagreb

Uppsala University

University of East London

University of Leicester

Gwen Robbins Schug

University of North Carolina at Greensboro

Gabriel Gutierrez-Alonso

University of Salamanca

Macquarie University

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

Swansea University

Jesper Hoffmeyer

University of Copenhagen

Uploads

Papers by RAMINDER KAUR

Innovations in Packaging to Monitor and Maintain the Quality of the Food Products

Journal of packaging technology and research, Feb 14, 2024

Packaging is a technology and art that has been developed to enclose and protect a variety of obj... more Packaging is a technology and art that has been developed to enclose and protect a variety of objects for use in trade, storage, and circulation. Creating concepts for active and intelligent packaging has improved the superiority of food products and produced a wealth of new outcomes for postponing the deterioration of packaged food. Unquestionably, one of the best advancements in packaging technology is active packaging. Active packaging, such as modified active packaging (MAP) systems, improves appearance and delays ripening while also extending the shelf life of fresh items, providing a high-quality food product and lowering economic losses. To maintain the freshness of packed food products like fresh fruits, vegetables, dairy, and meat products, there are several different packaging solutions available. By incorporating components like antimicrobial agents, antioxidants, carbon dioxide absorbers, etc. in the built-in packaging systems, such as the packaging films, sachets, or an absorbent pad, that either release or absorb active chemicals into the packaged goods or adjoining environment, aids in extending the stability of packed food products and improves the performance of the packaging. These elements can surround the food, preventing food deterioration and extending the shelf life of the product. This extensive analysis examines the cutting-edge active food packaging technologies that have recently been developed with the aim of preserving or extending the shelf life and quality of food products.

Effect of Nano Filler on the Flammability of Bio-Based RPUF

Integrated Ferroelectrics, 2019

In this study, CaCO 3 nanostructures have been used to enhance the flame retardancy of vegetable ... more In this study, CaCO 3 nanostructures have been used to enhance the flame retardancy of vegetable oil based rigid polyurethane foams (RPUF). RPUFs were prepared by using polyol derived from transesterification reaction of castor oil. Prepared foams were characterized by cone calorimeter for their fire behavior. Results showed decrease in peak of heat release (PHRR) by the incorporation of nano calcium carbonate. Additionally, total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR) and total smoke release (TSR) were also found to decrease remarkably. So, CaCO 3 nanostructures have great potential as an additive to enhance flame retardant properties in vegetable oil based RPUF.

Response surface methodological evaluation of drilling for the optimization of residual compressive strength of bio-based RPUF composite

Materials Research Express, 2020

Engineering optimisation of process parameters for polymers: an overview

International Journal of Experimental Design and Process Optimisation, 2019

Flame retardancy of ceramic‐based rigid polyurethane foam composites

Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2019

ABSTRACTIn this work, ceramic fillers zirconia and alumina powder were incorporated in the rigid ... more ABSTRACTIn this work, ceramic fillers zirconia and alumina powder were incorporated in the rigid polyurethane foams derived from modified castor oil and their impact on the mechanical, thermal, and fire performances of composite foams have been analyzed. It was observed that the addition of ceramic filler showed improved mechanical and thermal properties and best properties were shown by 6% zirconia with compressive strength of 6.61 MPa and flexural strength of 5.72 MPa. Zirconia also demonstrated an increase in T5% up to 260 °C. Cone calorimetry shows a decrease in peak of heat release from 118 to 84 kW m−2 and 94 kW m−2 by the incorporation of alumina and zirconia powder, respectively. Furthermore, total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), and total smoke release (TSR) were also found to decrease remarkably on the incorporation of ceramic fillers. So, these fillers have a great potential as an additive to incorporate good mechanical, thermal, and fire properties in bi...

Investigation on flammability of rigid polyurethane foam‐mineral fillers composite

Fire and Materials, 2019

SummaryThis study investigates the incorporation of castor oil–based rigid polyurethane foam with... more SummaryThis study investigates the incorporation of castor oil–based rigid polyurethane foam with mineral fillers feldspar or kaolinite clay in order to enhance the mechanical, thermal, and flame retardant properties. Influence of mineral fillers on the mechanical strength was characterized by compressive strength and flexural strength measurement. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed to diagnose the changes in thermal properties, while cone calorimeter test was performed to ascertain the flame retardancy of the mineral filler–incorporated rigid polyurethane foam composites. Results showed that the foams incorporated with mineral filler demonstrated up to 182% increase in compressive strength and 351% increase in flexural strength. Thermal stability of these composite foams was also found to be enhanced on the incorporation of kaolinite clay filler with an increase in 5% weight loss temperature (T5%) from 192°C to 260°C. Furthermore, peak heat release rate (PHRR), total he...

Innovations in Packaging to Monitor and Maintain the Quality of the Food Products

Journal of packaging technology and research, Feb 14, 2024

Packaging is a technology and art that has been developed to enclose and protect a variety of obj... more Packaging is a technology and art that has been developed to enclose and protect a variety of objects for use in trade, storage, and circulation. Creating concepts for active and intelligent packaging has improved the superiority of food products and produced a wealth of new outcomes for postponing the deterioration of packaged food. Unquestionably, one of the best advancements in packaging technology is active packaging. Active packaging, such as modified active packaging (MAP) systems, improves appearance and delays ripening while also extending the shelf life of fresh items, providing a high-quality food product and lowering economic losses. To maintain the freshness of packed food products like fresh fruits, vegetables, dairy, and meat products, there are several different packaging solutions available. By incorporating components like antimicrobial agents, antioxidants, carbon dioxide absorbers, etc. in the built-in packaging systems, such as the packaging films, sachets, or an absorbent pad, that either release or absorb active chemicals into the packaged goods or adjoining environment, aids in extending the stability of packed food products and improves the performance of the packaging. These elements can surround the food, preventing food deterioration and extending the shelf life of the product. This extensive analysis examines the cutting-edge active food packaging technologies that have recently been developed with the aim of preserving or extending the shelf life and quality of food products.

Effect of Nano Filler on the Flammability of Bio-Based RPUF

Integrated Ferroelectrics, 2019

In this study, CaCO 3 nanostructures have been used to enhance the flame retardancy of vegetable ... more In this study, CaCO 3 nanostructures have been used to enhance the flame retardancy of vegetable oil based rigid polyurethane foams (RPUF). RPUFs were prepared by using polyol derived from transesterification reaction of castor oil. Prepared foams were characterized by cone calorimeter for their fire behavior. Results showed decrease in peak of heat release (PHRR) by the incorporation of nano calcium carbonate. Additionally, total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR) and total smoke release (TSR) were also found to decrease remarkably. So, CaCO 3 nanostructures have great potential as an additive to enhance flame retardant properties in vegetable oil based RPUF.

Response surface methodological evaluation of drilling for the optimization of residual compressive strength of bio-based RPUF composite

Materials Research Express, 2020

Engineering optimisation of process parameters for polymers: an overview

International Journal of Experimental Design and Process Optimisation, 2019

Flame retardancy of ceramic‐based rigid polyurethane foam composites

Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2019

ABSTRACTIn this work, ceramic fillers zirconia and alumina powder were incorporated in the rigid ... more ABSTRACTIn this work, ceramic fillers zirconia and alumina powder were incorporated in the rigid polyurethane foams derived from modified castor oil and their impact on the mechanical, thermal, and fire performances of composite foams have been analyzed. It was observed that the addition of ceramic filler showed improved mechanical and thermal properties and best properties were shown by 6% zirconia with compressive strength of 6.61 MPa and flexural strength of 5.72 MPa. Zirconia also demonstrated an increase in T5% up to 260 °C. Cone calorimetry shows a decrease in peak of heat release from 118 to 84 kW m−2 and 94 kW m−2 by the incorporation of alumina and zirconia powder, respectively. Furthermore, total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), and total smoke release (TSR) were also found to decrease remarkably on the incorporation of ceramic fillers. So, these fillers have a great potential as an additive to incorporate good mechanical, thermal, and fire properties in bi...

Investigation on flammability of rigid polyurethane foam‐mineral fillers composite

Fire and Materials, 2019

SummaryThis study investigates the incorporation of castor oil–based rigid polyurethane foam with... more SummaryThis study investigates the incorporation of castor oil–based rigid polyurethane foam with mineral fillers feldspar or kaolinite clay in order to enhance the mechanical, thermal, and flame retardant properties. Influence of mineral fillers on the mechanical strength was characterized by compressive strength and flexural strength measurement. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed to diagnose the changes in thermal properties, while cone calorimeter test was performed to ascertain the flame retardancy of the mineral filler–incorporated rigid polyurethane foam composites. Results showed that the foams incorporated with mineral filler demonstrated up to 182% increase in compressive strength and 351% increase in flexural strength. Thermal stability of these composite foams was also found to be enhanced on the incorporation of kaolinite clay filler with an increase in 5% weight loss temperature (T5%) from 192°C to 260°C. Furthermore, peak heat release rate (PHRR), total he...

PU foam derived from renewable sources: Perspective on properties enhancement: An overview

European Polymer Journal, 2017

Polymeric foams derived from renewable sources are a requirement of the modern world due to incre... more Polymeric foams derived from renewable sources are a requirement of the modern world due to increasing concern about the environment and various issues related to petroleum based foams. Much research has been conducted recently to produce foams using renewable sources; however, low mechanical strength, high flammability and low thermal stability are a matter of concern when using these foams on a commercial scale. Various approaches may be used to overcome these problems, including the modification of raw material or the incorporation of property-enhancing fillers, with or without surface treatment. In this overview, various methods that may be used to enhance mechanical, thermal and flame retardant properties of renewable source-based and other environmentally benign polyurethane foams are discussed.

Environment friendly qualitatively responsive ethyl cellulose films as smart food packaging

Materials Express, 2019

The present study assessed the applicability of pH indicators in the polymeric films that can be ... more The present study assessed the applicability of pH indicators in the polymeric films that can be used as smart packaging in the food industries. The pH responsive films using Ethyl cellulose (EC) and azo indicators [i.e., Methyl Orange (MO) and Methyl Red (MR)] have been developed, which have shown remarkable sensitivity towards the pH variation. After activation in different pH range, the colour variation was measured for each film with the CIE Lab methodology. A significant L * [the parameter L * represents the lightness of colours from 0 (dark) to 100 (light), in CIELAB units] variation of EC-MO was seen ranging from 59 (at 0% acid) to 32 (at 60% acid) while for EC-MR, the variation in L * parameter was seen ranging from 89 (at 0% acid) to 32 (at 50% acid). These qualitatively responsive films were further tested for their water absorption capacity and mechanical properties. The water absorption capacity of the EC film incorporated with indicators were observed to be low as compa...

Biodegradable Polymeric Film for Food Packaging

Food packaging films that show post-consumer biodegradability are rarely explored by researchers.... more Food packaging films that show post-consumer biodegradability are rarely explored by researchers. The present study was carried out to investigate the physicomechanical characteristics of ethyl cellulose (EC) based films to be used in food packaging. Ethyl cellulose was plasticized with different percentage of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The samples of standard dimensions were subjected to different testing such as soluble matter content, moisture content, oil permeability, surface morphology, mechanical testing etc. The data obtained was analysed to decide the moderate percentage of plasticizer that can be used to provide a rational explanation of a perfect quality specimen. It has been revealed that too high or too low percentage of plasticizer was not appropriate for a good film. Tensile stress analysis was used to estimate the mechanical properties of the films. The results have shown an increase in tensile properties with increase in coalescence temperature. Temperature-dependen...

Role of Polymers in Anchoring the Performance of Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage Applications: An Overview

Academia Materials Science, May 2, 2024

Phase change materials (PCMs) are employed for the thermal energy storage owing to their high he... more Phase change materials (PCMs) are employed for the thermal energy storage owing to their high heat storage ability, narrow temperature difference between storage and retrieval of latent heat energy, and availability in a variety of phase change transition temperatures. Numerous research attempts have been made to develop a broad array of PCMs based on inorganic, organic and polymeric compounds for diverse area of applications. To improve the performance efficiency and proper handling of PCMs, they are often encapsulated or confined within a shape-stabilized supporting material of an inorganic or organic origin. This review emphasizes on the current research status of the polymer-based PCMs developed using the various PCMs-polymer combinations available, material characteristics, encapsulation, and shape-stabilization methods and provides detailed information on the contribution of polymers towards the enhancement of PCM end product properties, in the state of the art of thermal energy storage technology.

Innovations in Packaging to Monitor and Maintain the Quality of the Food Products

by RAMINDER KAUR and neelam yadav

Springer, 2024

Packaging is a technology and art that has been developed to enclose and protect a variety of obj... more Packaging is a technology and art that has been developed to enclose and protect a variety of objects for use in trade, storage, and circulation. Creating concepts for active and intelligent packaging has improved the superiority of food products and produced a wealth of new outcomes for postponing the deterioration of packaged food. Unquestionably, one of the best advancements in packaging technology is active packaging. Active packaging, such as modified active packaging (MAP) systems, improves appearance and delays ripening while also extending the shelf life of fresh items, providing a high-quality food product and lowering economic losses. To maintain the freshness of packed food products like fresh fruits, vegetables, dairy, and meat products, there are several different packaging solutions available. By incorporating components like antimicrobial agents, antioxidants, carbon dioxide absorbers, etc. in the built-in packaging systems, such as the packaging films, sachets, or an absorbent pad, that either release or absorb active chemicals into the packaged goods or adjoining environment, aids in extending the stability of packed food products and improves the performance of the packaging. These elements can surround the food, preventing food deterioration and extending the shelf life of the product. This extensive analysis examines the cutting-edge active food packaging technologies that have recently been developed with the aim of preserving or extending the shelf life and quality of food products.

Nano-Structured Polyaniline as a Potential Adsorbent for Methylene Blue Dye Removal from Effluent

Journal of Composites Science, 2020

The textile sector is one of the major culprits of water pollution, and demands immediate attenti... more The textile sector is one of the major culprits of water pollution, and demands immediate attention. The coloured textile effluent, loaded with toxic dyes, when mixed with waterbodies, may harm aquatic life, plants, animals, and humans. Although polyaniline in its different forms was utilised for the adsorption of different dyes, the pure nano-fibrous form of polyaniline, i.e., PANI nanofibers, have reportedly not been used for the removal of dyes from wastewater. The present study aimed to employ nano-structured polyaniline, in the form of polyaniline nanofibers (base; PNB—polyaniline nanofiber base) for the elimination of methylene blue (cationic dye; MB) dye from its solution. The polyaniline nanofiber base (PNB) was synthesised by an interfacial polymerisation technique using ammonium persulphate as the oxidant and toluene as the organic solvent, and was characterised by FTIR, SEM, BET, HRTEM and XRD techniques. The HRTEM and SEM results showed that the average size of the synth...

Development of vegetable oil-based conducting rigid PU foam

by RAMINDER KAUR and Anuja Agrawal

e-Polymers, 2019

In this study, carbon fibre powder has been used as reinforcement to enhance the electrical condu... more In this study, carbon fibre powder has been used as reinforcement to enhance the electrical conductivity of bio-based rigid polyurethane foam. Effect of carbon fibre incorporation on the mechanical, thermal and flame retardant properties has also been investigated. Results concluded that the foams with 8% carbon fibre concentration showed up to 288% increase in compressive strength. Furthermore, up to 28% decrease in the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) was observed on the incorporation of carbon fibre powder. Additionally, the rate of smoke production was also found decreased for carbon fibre reinforced foams. Foams with 8% and 10% carbon fibre concentration show conductivity of 1.9 × 10-4 and 7.1 × 10-4 S/m, respectively. So, carbon fibre powder may be used as a potential filler to enhance the electrical conductivity of rigid foams without compromising the other properties.

Assessment of Bio-Based Polyurethanes: Perspective on Applications and Bio-Degradation

Macromol

Among numerous synthetic macromolecules, polyurethane in its different forms has proven its sheer... more Among numerous synthetic macromolecules, polyurethane in its different forms has proven its sheer dominance and established a reputation as a reliable and trusted material due to its proficiency in terms of superior properties, which include: high mechanical strength and abrasion resistance, good durability, good adhesion, good thermal stability, excellent chemical and weathering resistance. Synthetic polyurethane materials are non-biodegradable, poisonous, and use petrochemical-based raw materials, which are now depleting, leading to a surge in polyurethane production costs. Bio-based polyurethanes (PU) have been synthesized by researchers in recent decades and have mostly overtaken petrochemical-based PU in terms of challenges such as solid pollution, economic effectiveness, and availability of raw materials. Enormous kinds of available bio-renewable sources as predecessors for the production of polyols and isocyanates have been explored for the development of “greener” PU materia...

Innovations in Packaging to Monitor and Maintain the Quality of the Food Products

Journal of packaging technology and research, Feb 14, 2024

Packaging is a technology and art that has been developed to enclose and protect a variety of obj... more Packaging is a technology and art that has been developed to enclose and protect a variety of objects for use in trade, storage, and circulation. Creating concepts for active and intelligent packaging has improved the superiority of food products and produced a wealth of new outcomes for postponing the deterioration of packaged food. Unquestionably, one of the best advancements in packaging technology is active packaging. Active packaging, such as modified active packaging (MAP) systems, improves appearance and delays ripening while also extending the shelf life of fresh items, providing a high-quality food product and lowering economic losses. To maintain the freshness of packed food products like fresh fruits, vegetables, dairy, and meat products, there are several different packaging solutions available. By incorporating components like antimicrobial agents, antioxidants, carbon dioxide absorbers, etc. in the built-in packaging systems, such as the packaging films, sachets, or an absorbent pad, that either release or absorb active chemicals into the packaged goods or adjoining environment, aids in extending the stability of packed food products and improves the performance of the packaging. These elements can surround the food, preventing food deterioration and extending the shelf life of the product. This extensive analysis examines the cutting-edge active food packaging technologies that have recently been developed with the aim of preserving or extending the shelf life and quality of food products.

Effect of Nano Filler on the Flammability of Bio-Based RPUF

Integrated Ferroelectrics, 2019

In this study, CaCO 3 nanostructures have been used to enhance the flame retardancy of vegetable ... more In this study, CaCO 3 nanostructures have been used to enhance the flame retardancy of vegetable oil based rigid polyurethane foams (RPUF). RPUFs were prepared by using polyol derived from transesterification reaction of castor oil. Prepared foams were characterized by cone calorimeter for their fire behavior. Results showed decrease in peak of heat release (PHRR) by the incorporation of nano calcium carbonate. Additionally, total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR) and total smoke release (TSR) were also found to decrease remarkably. So, CaCO 3 nanostructures have great potential as an additive to enhance flame retardant properties in vegetable oil based RPUF.

Response surface methodological evaluation of drilling for the optimization of residual compressive strength of bio-based RPUF composite

Materials Research Express, 2020

Engineering optimisation of process parameters for polymers: an overview

International Journal of Experimental Design and Process Optimisation, 2019

Flame retardancy of ceramic‐based rigid polyurethane foam composites

Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2019

ABSTRACTIn this work, ceramic fillers zirconia and alumina powder were incorporated in the rigid ... more ABSTRACTIn this work, ceramic fillers zirconia and alumina powder were incorporated in the rigid polyurethane foams derived from modified castor oil and their impact on the mechanical, thermal, and fire performances of composite foams have been analyzed. It was observed that the addition of ceramic filler showed improved mechanical and thermal properties and best properties were shown by 6% zirconia with compressive strength of 6.61 MPa and flexural strength of 5.72 MPa. Zirconia also demonstrated an increase in T5% up to 260 °C. Cone calorimetry shows a decrease in peak of heat release from 118 to 84 kW m−2 and 94 kW m−2 by the incorporation of alumina and zirconia powder, respectively. Furthermore, total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), and total smoke release (TSR) were also found to decrease remarkably on the incorporation of ceramic fillers. So, these fillers have a great potential as an additive to incorporate good mechanical, thermal, and fire properties in bi...

Investigation on flammability of rigid polyurethane foam‐mineral fillers composite

Fire and Materials, 2019

SummaryThis study investigates the incorporation of castor oil–based rigid polyurethane foam with... more SummaryThis study investigates the incorporation of castor oil–based rigid polyurethane foam with mineral fillers feldspar or kaolinite clay in order to enhance the mechanical, thermal, and flame retardant properties. Influence of mineral fillers on the mechanical strength was characterized by compressive strength and flexural strength measurement. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed to diagnose the changes in thermal properties, while cone calorimeter test was performed to ascertain the flame retardancy of the mineral filler–incorporated rigid polyurethane foam composites. Results showed that the foams incorporated with mineral filler demonstrated up to 182% increase in compressive strength and 351% increase in flexural strength. Thermal stability of these composite foams was also found to be enhanced on the incorporation of kaolinite clay filler with an increase in 5% weight loss temperature (T5%) from 192°C to 260°C. Furthermore, peak heat release rate (PHRR), total he...

Innovations in Packaging to Monitor and Maintain the Quality of the Food Products

Journal of packaging technology and research, Feb 14, 2024

Packaging is a technology and art that has been developed to enclose and protect a variety of obj... more Packaging is a technology and art that has been developed to enclose and protect a variety of objects for use in trade, storage, and circulation. Creating concepts for active and intelligent packaging has improved the superiority of food products and produced a wealth of new outcomes for postponing the deterioration of packaged food. Unquestionably, one of the best advancements in packaging technology is active packaging. Active packaging, such as modified active packaging (MAP) systems, improves appearance and delays ripening while also extending the shelf life of fresh items, providing a high-quality food product and lowering economic losses. To maintain the freshness of packed food products like fresh fruits, vegetables, dairy, and meat products, there are several different packaging solutions available. By incorporating components like antimicrobial agents, antioxidants, carbon dioxide absorbers, etc. in the built-in packaging systems, such as the packaging films, sachets, or an absorbent pad, that either release or absorb active chemicals into the packaged goods or adjoining environment, aids in extending the stability of packed food products and improves the performance of the packaging. These elements can surround the food, preventing food deterioration and extending the shelf life of the product. This extensive analysis examines the cutting-edge active food packaging technologies that have recently been developed with the aim of preserving or extending the shelf life and quality of food products.

Effect of Nano Filler on the Flammability of Bio-Based RPUF

Integrated Ferroelectrics, 2019

In this study, CaCO 3 nanostructures have been used to enhance the flame retardancy of vegetable ... more In this study, CaCO 3 nanostructures have been used to enhance the flame retardancy of vegetable oil based rigid polyurethane foams (RPUF). RPUFs were prepared by using polyol derived from transesterification reaction of castor oil. Prepared foams were characterized by cone calorimeter for their fire behavior. Results showed decrease in peak of heat release (PHRR) by the incorporation of nano calcium carbonate. Additionally, total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR) and total smoke release (TSR) were also found to decrease remarkably. So, CaCO 3 nanostructures have great potential as an additive to enhance flame retardant properties in vegetable oil based RPUF.

Response surface methodological evaluation of drilling for the optimization of residual compressive strength of bio-based RPUF composite

Materials Research Express, 2020

Engineering optimisation of process parameters for polymers: an overview

International Journal of Experimental Design and Process Optimisation, 2019

Flame retardancy of ceramic‐based rigid polyurethane foam composites

Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2019

ABSTRACTIn this work, ceramic fillers zirconia and alumina powder were incorporated in the rigid ... more ABSTRACTIn this work, ceramic fillers zirconia and alumina powder were incorporated in the rigid polyurethane foams derived from modified castor oil and their impact on the mechanical, thermal, and fire performances of composite foams have been analyzed. It was observed that the addition of ceramic filler showed improved mechanical and thermal properties and best properties were shown by 6% zirconia with compressive strength of 6.61 MPa and flexural strength of 5.72 MPa. Zirconia also demonstrated an increase in T5% up to 260 °C. Cone calorimetry shows a decrease in peak of heat release from 118 to 84 kW m−2 and 94 kW m−2 by the incorporation of alumina and zirconia powder, respectively. Furthermore, total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), and total smoke release (TSR) were also found to decrease remarkably on the incorporation of ceramic fillers. So, these fillers have a great potential as an additive to incorporate good mechanical, thermal, and fire properties in bi...

Investigation on flammability of rigid polyurethane foam‐mineral fillers composite

Fire and Materials, 2019

SummaryThis study investigates the incorporation of castor oil–based rigid polyurethane foam with... more SummaryThis study investigates the incorporation of castor oil–based rigid polyurethane foam with mineral fillers feldspar or kaolinite clay in order to enhance the mechanical, thermal, and flame retardant properties. Influence of mineral fillers on the mechanical strength was characterized by compressive strength and flexural strength measurement. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed to diagnose the changes in thermal properties, while cone calorimeter test was performed to ascertain the flame retardancy of the mineral filler–incorporated rigid polyurethane foam composites. Results showed that the foams incorporated with mineral filler demonstrated up to 182% increase in compressive strength and 351% increase in flexural strength. Thermal stability of these composite foams was also found to be enhanced on the incorporation of kaolinite clay filler with an increase in 5% weight loss temperature (T5%) from 192°C to 260°C. Furthermore, peak heat release rate (PHRR), total he...

PU foam derived from renewable sources: Perspective on properties enhancement: An overview

European Polymer Journal, 2017

Polymeric foams derived from renewable sources are a requirement of the modern world due to incre... more Polymeric foams derived from renewable sources are a requirement of the modern world due to increasing concern about the environment and various issues related to petroleum based foams. Much research has been conducted recently to produce foams using renewable sources; however, low mechanical strength, high flammability and low thermal stability are a matter of concern when using these foams on a commercial scale. Various approaches may be used to overcome these problems, including the modification of raw material or the incorporation of property-enhancing fillers, with or without surface treatment. In this overview, various methods that may be used to enhance mechanical, thermal and flame retardant properties of renewable source-based and other environmentally benign polyurethane foams are discussed.

Environment friendly qualitatively responsive ethyl cellulose films as smart food packaging

Materials Express, 2019

The present study assessed the applicability of pH indicators in the polymeric films that can be ... more The present study assessed the applicability of pH indicators in the polymeric films that can be used as smart packaging in the food industries. The pH responsive films using Ethyl cellulose (EC) and azo indicators [i.e., Methyl Orange (MO) and Methyl Red (MR)] have been developed, which have shown remarkable sensitivity towards the pH variation. After activation in different pH range, the colour variation was measured for each film with the CIE Lab methodology. A significant L * [the parameter L * represents the lightness of colours from 0 (dark) to 100 (light), in CIELAB units] variation of EC-MO was seen ranging from 59 (at 0% acid) to 32 (at 60% acid) while for EC-MR, the variation in L * parameter was seen ranging from 89 (at 0% acid) to 32 (at 50% acid). These qualitatively responsive films were further tested for their water absorption capacity and mechanical properties. The water absorption capacity of the EC film incorporated with indicators were observed to be low as compa...

Biodegradable Polymeric Film for Food Packaging

Food packaging films that show post-consumer biodegradability are rarely explored by researchers.... more Food packaging films that show post-consumer biodegradability are rarely explored by researchers. The present study was carried out to investigate the physicomechanical characteristics of ethyl cellulose (EC) based films to be used in food packaging. Ethyl cellulose was plasticized with different percentage of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The samples of standard dimensions were subjected to different testing such as soluble matter content, moisture content, oil permeability, surface morphology, mechanical testing etc. The data obtained was analysed to decide the moderate percentage of plasticizer that can be used to provide a rational explanation of a perfect quality specimen. It has been revealed that too high or too low percentage of plasticizer was not appropriate for a good film. Tensile stress analysis was used to estimate the mechanical properties of the films. The results have shown an increase in tensile properties with increase in coalescence temperature. Temperature-dependen...

Role of Polymers in Anchoring the Performance of Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage Applications: An Overview

Academia Materials Science, May 2, 2024

Phase change materials (PCMs) are employed for the thermal energy storage owing to their high he... more Phase change materials (PCMs) are employed for the thermal energy storage owing to their high heat storage ability, narrow temperature difference between storage and retrieval of latent heat energy, and availability in a variety of phase change transition temperatures. Numerous research attempts have been made to develop a broad array of PCMs based on inorganic, organic and polymeric compounds for diverse area of applications. To improve the performance efficiency and proper handling of PCMs, they are often encapsulated or confined within a shape-stabilized supporting material of an inorganic or organic origin. This review emphasizes on the current research status of the polymer-based PCMs developed using the various PCMs-polymer combinations available, material characteristics, encapsulation, and shape-stabilization methods and provides detailed information on the contribution of polymers towards the enhancement of PCM end product properties, in the state of the art of thermal energy storage technology.

Innovations in Packaging to Monitor and Maintain the Quality of the Food Products

by RAMINDER KAUR and neelam yadav

Springer, 2024

Packaging is a technology and art that has been developed to enclose and protect a variety of obj... more Packaging is a technology and art that has been developed to enclose and protect a variety of objects for use in trade, storage, and circulation. Creating concepts for active and intelligent packaging has improved the superiority of food products and produced a wealth of new outcomes for postponing the deterioration of packaged food. Unquestionably, one of the best advancements in packaging technology is active packaging. Active packaging, such as modified active packaging (MAP) systems, improves appearance and delays ripening while also extending the shelf life of fresh items, providing a high-quality food product and lowering economic losses. To maintain the freshness of packed food products like fresh fruits, vegetables, dairy, and meat products, there are several different packaging solutions available. By incorporating components like antimicrobial agents, antioxidants, carbon dioxide absorbers, etc. in the built-in packaging systems, such as the packaging films, sachets, or an absorbent pad, that either release or absorb active chemicals into the packaged goods or adjoining environment, aids in extending the stability of packed food products and improves the performance of the packaging. These elements can surround the food, preventing food deterioration and extending the shelf life of the product. This extensive analysis examines the cutting-edge active food packaging technologies that have recently been developed with the aim of preserving or extending the shelf life and quality of food products.

Nano-Structured Polyaniline as a Potential Adsorbent for Methylene Blue Dye Removal from Effluent

Journal of Composites Science, 2020

The textile sector is one of the major culprits of water pollution, and demands immediate attenti... more The textile sector is one of the major culprits of water pollution, and demands immediate attention. The coloured textile effluent, loaded with toxic dyes, when mixed with waterbodies, may harm aquatic life, plants, animals, and humans. Although polyaniline in its different forms was utilised for the adsorption of different dyes, the pure nano-fibrous form of polyaniline, i.e., PANI nanofibers, have reportedly not been used for the removal of dyes from wastewater. The present study aimed to employ nano-structured polyaniline, in the form of polyaniline nanofibers (base; PNB—polyaniline nanofiber base) for the elimination of methylene blue (cationic dye; MB) dye from its solution. The polyaniline nanofiber base (PNB) was synthesised by an interfacial polymerisation technique using ammonium persulphate as the oxidant and toluene as the organic solvent, and was characterised by FTIR, SEM, BET, HRTEM and XRD techniques. The HRTEM and SEM results showed that the average size of the synth...

Development of vegetable oil-based conducting rigid PU foam

by RAMINDER KAUR and Anuja Agrawal

e-Polymers, 2019

In this study, carbon fibre powder has been used as reinforcement to enhance the electrical condu... more In this study, carbon fibre powder has been used as reinforcement to enhance the electrical conductivity of bio-based rigid polyurethane foam. Effect of carbon fibre incorporation on the mechanical, thermal and flame retardant properties has also been investigated. Results concluded that the foams with 8% carbon fibre concentration showed up to 288% increase in compressive strength. Furthermore, up to 28% decrease in the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) was observed on the incorporation of carbon fibre powder. Additionally, the rate of smoke production was also found decreased for carbon fibre reinforced foams. Foams with 8% and 10% carbon fibre concentration show conductivity of 1.9 × 10-4 and 7.1 × 10-4 S/m, respectively. So, carbon fibre powder may be used as a potential filler to enhance the electrical conductivity of rigid foams without compromising the other properties.

Assessment of Bio-Based Polyurethanes: Perspective on Applications and Bio-Degradation

Macromol

Among numerous synthetic macromolecules, polyurethane in its different forms has proven its sheer... more Among numerous synthetic macromolecules, polyurethane in its different forms has proven its sheer dominance and established a reputation as a reliable and trusted material due to its proficiency in terms of superior properties, which include: high mechanical strength and abrasion resistance, good durability, good adhesion, good thermal stability, excellent chemical and weathering resistance. Synthetic polyurethane materials are non-biodegradable, poisonous, and use petrochemical-based raw materials, which are now depleting, leading to a surge in polyurethane production costs. Bio-based polyurethanes (PU) have been synthesized by researchers in recent decades and have mostly overtaken petrochemical-based PU in terms of challenges such as solid pollution, economic effectiveness, and availability of raw materials. Enormous kinds of available bio-renewable sources as predecessors for the production of polyols and isocyanates have been explored for the development of “greener” PU materia...