Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Apr 24, 2013
Mercury (Hg) speciation and mobility were determined in calcines and waste rocks collected from 9... more Mercury (Hg) speciation and mobility were determined in calcines and waste rocks collected from 9 Hg mines in China. Total Hg (THg) concentrations in the mine wastes varied widely in different Hg mines (with a range of 0.369 to 2,620 mg kg(-1)). Cinnabar is the dominant form of Hg in the mine wastes. However, Hg(2+) and Hg(0) concentrations in the calcines were significantly higher than these in the waste rocks, which suggested the retorting can produce large amounts of by-product Hg compounds. The THg and Hg(0) concentrations in certain mine wastes exceeded soil guidelines recommended by US Environmental Protection Agency; while total soluble Hg concentrations of leachates in certain mine wastes exceeded National Surface Water Quality Standard of China. Mine wastes are important Hg pollution sources to the aquatic ecosystem and atmosphere.
It was reported in this article that the transgenic elite indica container line D297B containing ... more It was reported in this article that the transgenic elite indica container line D297B containing snowdrop lectin (Galanthus nivalis agglutinin, GNA) gene gna was obtained by biolisties. PCR, Southern blotting and Western blotting indicated that the transgenes were integrated into the genome of D297B and expressed in transgenic plants. Analysis of protein activity showed that product of transgene had activity of agglutinin. Resistance of transgenic seeds to Hygromycin B suggested that the transgenes were integrated in a single locus and inherited according to the pattern of 3:1 in most of transgenic plants. In addition, the PCR analysis revealed that the insect-resistant gene gna and selective marker gene hpt were co-integrated and co-inherited.
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was e... more ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The acute phase response (APR) is a set of metabolic and physiological reactions occurring in the... more The acute phase response (APR) is a set of metabolic and physiological reactions occurring in the host in response to tissue infection or injury and is a crucial component of the larger innate immune response. The APR is best characterized by dramatic changes in the concentration of a group of plasma proteins known as acute phase proteins (APPs) which are synthesized in the liver and function in a wide range of immunity-related activities. Utilizing a new high-density in situ oligonucleotide microarray, we have evaluated the APR in channel catfish liver following infection with Edwardsiella ictaluri, a bacterial pathogen that causes enteric septicemia of catfish. Our catfish microarray design (28K) builds upon a previous 19K channel catfish array by adding recently sequenced immune transcripts from channel catfish along with 7159 unique sequences from closely related blue catfish. The analysis of microarray results using a traditional 2-fold change in gene expression cutoff and a 10% false-discovery rate revealed a well-developed APR in catfish, with particularly high upregulation (450-fold) of genes involved in iron homeostasis (i.e. intelectin, hemopexin, haptoglobin, ferritin, and transferrin). Other classical APP genes upregulated greater than 2-fold included coagulation factors, proteinase inhibitors, transport proteins, and complement components. Upregulation of the majority of the complement cascade was observed including the membrane attack complex components and complement inhibitors. A number of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) and chemokines were also differentially expressed in the liver following infection. Independent testing of a selection of differentially expressed genes with real-time RT-PCR confirmed microarray results. r (Z. Liu). Please cite this article as: Peatman E, et al. Expression analysis of the acute phase response in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) after infection with a Gram-negative bacterium. Dev Comp Immunol (2007), Please cite this article as: Peatman E, et al. Expression analysis of the acute phase response in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) after infection with a Gram-negative bacterium. Dev Comp Immunol (2007), Please cite this article as: Peatman E, et al. Expression analysis of the acute phase response in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) after infection with a Gram-negative bacterium. Dev Comp Immunol (2007), Please cite this article as: Peatman E, et al. Expression analysis of the acute phase response in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) after infection with a Gram-negative bacterium. Dev Comp Immunol (2007),
Materials Science Engineering a Structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, 2010
The present paper aims to study the crystallization behavior and the elastic properties of Cu 58.... more The present paper aims to study the crystallization behavior and the elastic properties of Cu 58.1 Zr 35.9 Al 6 bulk metallic glass using ultrasonic pulse focusing method. It is found that the changes of the elastic properties and microstructure can be classified into three stages corresponding to different temperature regions. Below the glass transition temperature T g , no structural change was observed by X-ray diffraction, and annealing only induced structural relaxation. After annealing at the super-cooled liquid region, the new phase Cu 10 Zr 7 formed, meanwhile, some anomalous acoustic and elastic behaviors occurred near T g (490). Above the onset crystallization temperature T x , the elastic properties increased further with the elevated temperature and Cu 8 Zr 3 phase was also observed besides Cu 10 Zr 7 phase. The annealing has a significant effect on the elastic property and microstructure of Cu 58.1 Zr 35.9 Al 6 bulk metallic glass, which is closely related to the annihilation of quenched-in free volume and the improvement of the atom order degree.
... Xingfu Song, Menghua Zhang，Jin Wang, Ping Li, Jianguo Yu National Engineering Research Center... more ... Xingfu Song, Menghua Zhang，Jin Wang, Ping Li, Jianguo Yu National Engineering Research Center for Integrated Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai ... 18. Sotowa K.-I, Hamamura T., Taniguchi H., Kano M., Hasebe Sh ...
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi, Mar 1, 2001
To investigate and identify the possible clinical risk factors associated with the formation of w... more To investigate and identify the possible clinical risk factors associated with the formation of wedge-shaped defects. Four hundred and ninety-three subjects were examined. The possible risk factors associated with wedge-shaped defects were identified by logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of wedge-shaped defects was observed 90.5% in this population. The prevalence and severity of wedge-shaped defects were found to be increasing with age. The correlation between age, sex, preferred side for tooth chewing, brushing twice a day, malocclusion, the formation and severity of wedge-shaped defects were noted. Occlusal factors and tooth brushing have found related to the formation of wedge-shaped defects.
Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi Zhonghua Kouqiang Yixue Zazhi Chinese Journal of Stomatology, Dec 1, 2001
To evaluate the long-term curative effect clinically and analysis of its influence factors after ... more To evaluate the long-term curative effect clinically and analysis of its influence factors after restoration of teeth with wedge-shaped defects. Seventy five cases of 509 teeth with various degrees of dental wedge-shaped defects were randomly divided into two groups--the group restored by Dyract Cement and the group restored by 3M-Vitremer. Evaluation was made with the modified USPHS evaluation criterion after restoration for 1,2,4 years respectively. The successful rate dropped down from 2 year successful rate 85.5% to 4-year 27.7%. The new wedge-shaped defects were presented at the cervical margin of the original restoration in 1.8% (2 years later) and 6.6% (4 years later). There were a lot of influence factors on long-term curative effect. The failure rate in the group with occlusal interference was significantly higher than that without occlusal interference. The clinical successful rates are affected by the value of occlusal force on the restored teeth and the physical properties of the restorative materials. It is suggested that the process of restoration of dental wedge-shaped defect should include obviating occlusal factors as well as to improve the properties of restorative materials.
This paper presents an adaptive nonlinear predictive control design strategy for a kind of nonlin... more This paper presents an adaptive nonlinear predictive control design strategy for a kind of nonlinear systems with output feedback coupling and results in the improvement of regulatory capacity for reference tracking, robustness and disturbance rejection. The nonlinear system is first transformed into an equal time-variant system by analyzing the nonlinear part. Then an extended state space predictive controller with a similar structure of a PI optimal regulator and with P-step setpoint feedforward control is designed. Because changes of the system state variables are considered in the objective function, the control performance is superior to conventional state space predictive control designs which only consider the predicted output errors. The proposed method is tested and compared with latest methods in literature. Tracking performance, robustness and disturbance rejection are improved.
Hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon thin films were fabricated from SiH4 with H2 dilution at a l... more Hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon thin films were fabricated from SiH4 with H2 dilution at a low substrate temperature of 200° C by the conventional plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique. A high deposition rate over 0.75 nm/s can be achieved. Raman scattering spectral measurements revealed that the crystalline fraction and grain size increased with the increase in hydrogen dilution ratio. Fourier transform infrared spectrum measurements showed that the hydrogen content decreased and the Si-H bonding configuration changed mainly from SiH to SiH2 with the increase in hydrogen dilution ratio. This suggested that the hydrogen dilution played an important role in the low-temperature growth of nanocrystalline silicon thin film. The growth mechanism is discussed in terms of a surface diffusion model and hydrogen etching effects.
IVMC 2001. Proceedings of the 14th International Vacuum Microelectronics Conference (Cat. No.01TH8586), 2001
Summary form only given. We report some research results obtained using nondestructive internal m... more Summary form only given. We report some research results obtained using nondestructive internal microtomography (NDIMT) to study ICs and vacuum microelectronic devices (VMDs) in the SEM. We apply the method to detect the microstructure and defects in the subsurface of ICs and VMDs, which is a direct measure of their quality. By employing a special attachment devised for NDIMT to SEM, we can perform nondestructive internal microtomographic visualization of ICs and VMDs
International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 2014
Through establishing the electroelastic model of hybrid piezoelectric(PE) and electromagnetic(EM)... more Through establishing the electroelastic model of hybrid piezoelectric(PE) and electromagnetic(EM) energy harvesting from random vibrations, normalized expressions of mean amplitude, voltage, current, power and their spectral density (SD) are derived, and effects of electromechanical coupling strength on harvester's performances are studied by numerical calculation and experimental test. It is found that the stronger coupling effect, the smaller amplitude and working space required, and the bigger mean voltage, current and power output until up to their maximums. Furthermore, variation extent of mean voltage, current and power with the PE and EM load increasing varies with the coupling strength. Besides, coupling strength changes the SD distributing in frequency domain. In the weak coupling, maximal SD of voltage, current and power are at the natural frequency of harvester. However, with the coupling effect strengthening, the frequency corresponding to peak spectral density is bigger than the natural frequency , and the 3dB bandwidth of harvester is much larger accordingly; moreover, the bandwidth decreases with EM load increasing while it rises firstly and fall later with PE load increasing, which reaches the maximum at the optimal load. The analysis results can provide certain criteria for hybrid piezoelectric-electromagnetic energy harvester design.
2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management, 2012
ABSTRACT Dongdagou stream accepted treated or untreated domestic wastewater and industrial sewage... more ABSTRACT Dongdagou stream accepted treated or untreated domestic wastewater and industrial sewage of baiyin city, which is an important base producing non-ferrous metals in China. Speciation and risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of Dongdagou stream have been investigated based on sediment samples collected from eight locations. Average metal concentrations in sediments decrease in the order Zn>;Pb>;Cu>;Cd>;Ni. Total concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu in sediments are much higher than US EPA PEC and EC PEL, indicating that Dongdagou stream is contaminated severely by these metals. Cu, Cd and Zn were mainly controlled by organic fraction, while carbonate fraction were dominant geochemical scavengers for Pb. Ni was mainly controlled by residual fraction. Risk assessment code (RAC) values suggested sediments of Dongdagou stream had high and very high risks to the environment for Cd and Pb in most samples, but with a medium risk associated with Cd at S-4. Sediments are posing low and medium risks for Zn, Cu and Ni, except for Cu at S-8, which has a high risk. Sediments of Dongdagou contaminated by heavy metals need be remedied.
Proceedings. 7th International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuits Technology, 2004., 2004
Nowadays, dynamically and partially reconfigurable architectures (DPRA) have been widely adopted ... more Nowadays, dynamically and partially reconfigurable architectures (DPRA) have been widely adopted by backbone equipment manufacturers to tackle the market pressure in terms of cost, performance, time to market, etc. Among all the advantages of DPRA, the run time rapid reconfiguration is still not fully utilized to deliver the greatest potential. In our work, a system level asynchronous virtual pipeline (SLAVP)
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Apr 24, 2013
Mercury (Hg) speciation and mobility were determined in calcines and waste rocks collected from 9... more Mercury (Hg) speciation and mobility were determined in calcines and waste rocks collected from 9 Hg mines in China. Total Hg (THg) concentrations in the mine wastes varied widely in different Hg mines (with a range of 0.369 to 2,620 mg kg(-1)). Cinnabar is the dominant form of Hg in the mine wastes. However, Hg(2+) and Hg(0) concentrations in the calcines were significantly higher than these in the waste rocks, which suggested the retorting can produce large amounts of by-product Hg compounds. The THg and Hg(0) concentrations in certain mine wastes exceeded soil guidelines recommended by US Environmental Protection Agency; while total soluble Hg concentrations of leachates in certain mine wastes exceeded National Surface Water Quality Standard of China. Mine wastes are important Hg pollution sources to the aquatic ecosystem and atmosphere.
It was reported in this article that the transgenic elite indica container line D297B containing ... more It was reported in this article that the transgenic elite indica container line D297B containing snowdrop lectin (Galanthus nivalis agglutinin, GNA) gene gna was obtained by biolisties. PCR, Southern blotting and Western blotting indicated that the transgenes were integrated into the genome of D297B and expressed in transgenic plants. Analysis of protein activity showed that product of transgene had activity of agglutinin. Resistance of transgenic seeds to Hygromycin B suggested that the transgenes were integrated in a single locus and inherited according to the pattern of 3:1 in most of transgenic plants. In addition, the PCR analysis revealed that the insect-resistant gene gna and selective marker gene hpt were co-integrated and co-inherited.
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was e... more ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The acute phase response (APR) is a set of metabolic and physiological reactions occurring in the... more The acute phase response (APR) is a set of metabolic and physiological reactions occurring in the host in response to tissue infection or injury and is a crucial component of the larger innate immune response. The APR is best characterized by dramatic changes in the concentration of a group of plasma proteins known as acute phase proteins (APPs) which are synthesized in the liver and function in a wide range of immunity-related activities. Utilizing a new high-density in situ oligonucleotide microarray, we have evaluated the APR in channel catfish liver following infection with Edwardsiella ictaluri, a bacterial pathogen that causes enteric septicemia of catfish. Our catfish microarray design (28K) builds upon a previous 19K channel catfish array by adding recently sequenced immune transcripts from channel catfish along with 7159 unique sequences from closely related blue catfish. The analysis of microarray results using a traditional 2-fold change in gene expression cutoff and a 10% false-discovery rate revealed a well-developed APR in catfish, with particularly high upregulation (450-fold) of genes involved in iron homeostasis (i.e. intelectin, hemopexin, haptoglobin, ferritin, and transferrin). Other classical APP genes upregulated greater than 2-fold included coagulation factors, proteinase inhibitors, transport proteins, and complement components. Upregulation of the majority of the complement cascade was observed including the membrane attack complex components and complement inhibitors. A number of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) and chemokines were also differentially expressed in the liver following infection. Independent testing of a selection of differentially expressed genes with real-time RT-PCR confirmed microarray results. r (Z. Liu). Please cite this article as: Peatman E, et al. Expression analysis of the acute phase response in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) after infection with a Gram-negative bacterium. Dev Comp Immunol (2007), Please cite this article as: Peatman E, et al. Expression analysis of the acute phase response in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) after infection with a Gram-negative bacterium. Dev Comp Immunol (2007), Please cite this article as: Peatman E, et al. Expression analysis of the acute phase response in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) after infection with a Gram-negative bacterium. Dev Comp Immunol (2007), Please cite this article as: Peatman E, et al. Expression analysis of the acute phase response in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) after infection with a Gram-negative bacterium. Dev Comp Immunol (2007),
Materials Science Engineering a Structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, 2010
The present paper aims to study the crystallization behavior and the elastic properties of Cu 58.... more The present paper aims to study the crystallization behavior and the elastic properties of Cu 58.1 Zr 35.9 Al 6 bulk metallic glass using ultrasonic pulse focusing method. It is found that the changes of the elastic properties and microstructure can be classified into three stages corresponding to different temperature regions. Below the glass transition temperature T g , no structural change was observed by X-ray diffraction, and annealing only induced structural relaxation. After annealing at the super-cooled liquid region, the new phase Cu 10 Zr 7 formed, meanwhile, some anomalous acoustic and elastic behaviors occurred near T g (490). Above the onset crystallization temperature T x , the elastic properties increased further with the elevated temperature and Cu 8 Zr 3 phase was also observed besides Cu 10 Zr 7 phase. The annealing has a significant effect on the elastic property and microstructure of Cu 58.1 Zr 35.9 Al 6 bulk metallic glass, which is closely related to the annihilation of quenched-in free volume and the improvement of the atom order degree.
... Xingfu Song, Menghua Zhang，Jin Wang, Ping Li, Jianguo Yu National Engineering Research Center... more ... Xingfu Song, Menghua Zhang，Jin Wang, Ping Li, Jianguo Yu National Engineering Research Center for Integrated Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai ... 18. Sotowa K.-I, Hamamura T., Taniguchi H., Kano M., Hasebe Sh ...
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi, Mar 1, 2001
To investigate and identify the possible clinical risk factors associated with the formation of w... more To investigate and identify the possible clinical risk factors associated with the formation of wedge-shaped defects. Four hundred and ninety-three subjects were examined. The possible risk factors associated with wedge-shaped defects were identified by logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of wedge-shaped defects was observed 90.5% in this population. The prevalence and severity of wedge-shaped defects were found to be increasing with age. The correlation between age, sex, preferred side for tooth chewing, brushing twice a day, malocclusion, the formation and severity of wedge-shaped defects were noted. Occlusal factors and tooth brushing have found related to the formation of wedge-shaped defects.
Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi Zhonghua Kouqiang Yixue Zazhi Chinese Journal of Stomatology, Dec 1, 2001
To evaluate the long-term curative effect clinically and analysis of its influence factors after ... more To evaluate the long-term curative effect clinically and analysis of its influence factors after restoration of teeth with wedge-shaped defects. Seventy five cases of 509 teeth with various degrees of dental wedge-shaped defects were randomly divided into two groups--the group restored by Dyract Cement and the group restored by 3M-Vitremer. Evaluation was made with the modified USPHS evaluation criterion after restoration for 1,2,4 years respectively. The successful rate dropped down from 2 year successful rate 85.5% to 4-year 27.7%. The new wedge-shaped defects were presented at the cervical margin of the original restoration in 1.8% (2 years later) and 6.6% (4 years later). There were a lot of influence factors on long-term curative effect. The failure rate in the group with occlusal interference was significantly higher than that without occlusal interference. The clinical successful rates are affected by the value of occlusal force on the restored teeth and the physical properties of the restorative materials. It is suggested that the process of restoration of dental wedge-shaped defect should include obviating occlusal factors as well as to improve the properties of restorative materials.
This paper presents an adaptive nonlinear predictive control design strategy for a kind of nonlin... more This paper presents an adaptive nonlinear predictive control design strategy for a kind of nonlinear systems with output feedback coupling and results in the improvement of regulatory capacity for reference tracking, robustness and disturbance rejection. The nonlinear system is first transformed into an equal time-variant system by analyzing the nonlinear part. Then an extended state space predictive controller with a similar structure of a PI optimal regulator and with P-step setpoint feedforward control is designed. Because changes of the system state variables are considered in the objective function, the control performance is superior to conventional state space predictive control designs which only consider the predicted output errors. The proposed method is tested and compared with latest methods in literature. Tracking performance, robustness and disturbance rejection are improved.
Hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon thin films were fabricated from SiH4 with H2 dilution at a l... more Hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon thin films were fabricated from SiH4 with H2 dilution at a low substrate temperature of 200° C by the conventional plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique. A high deposition rate over 0.75 nm/s can be achieved. Raman scattering spectral measurements revealed that the crystalline fraction and grain size increased with the increase in hydrogen dilution ratio. Fourier transform infrared spectrum measurements showed that the hydrogen content decreased and the Si-H bonding configuration changed mainly from SiH to SiH2 with the increase in hydrogen dilution ratio. This suggested that the hydrogen dilution played an important role in the low-temperature growth of nanocrystalline silicon thin film. The growth mechanism is discussed in terms of a surface diffusion model and hydrogen etching effects.
IVMC 2001. Proceedings of the 14th International Vacuum Microelectronics Conference (Cat. No.01TH8586), 2001
Summary form only given. We report some research results obtained using nondestructive internal m... more Summary form only given. We report some research results obtained using nondestructive internal microtomography (NDIMT) to study ICs and vacuum microelectronic devices (VMDs) in the SEM. We apply the method to detect the microstructure and defects in the subsurface of ICs and VMDs, which is a direct measure of their quality. By employing a special attachment devised for NDIMT to SEM, we can perform nondestructive internal microtomographic visualization of ICs and VMDs
International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 2014
Through establishing the electroelastic model of hybrid piezoelectric(PE) and electromagnetic(EM)... more Through establishing the electroelastic model of hybrid piezoelectric(PE) and electromagnetic(EM) energy harvesting from random vibrations, normalized expressions of mean amplitude, voltage, current, power and their spectral density (SD) are derived, and effects of electromechanical coupling strength on harvester's performances are studied by numerical calculation and experimental test. It is found that the stronger coupling effect, the smaller amplitude and working space required, and the bigger mean voltage, current and power output until up to their maximums. Furthermore, variation extent of mean voltage, current and power with the PE and EM load increasing varies with the coupling strength. Besides, coupling strength changes the SD distributing in frequency domain. In the weak coupling, maximal SD of voltage, current and power are at the natural frequency of harvester. However, with the coupling effect strengthening, the frequency corresponding to peak spectral density is bigger than the natural frequency , and the 3dB bandwidth of harvester is much larger accordingly; moreover, the bandwidth decreases with EM load increasing while it rises firstly and fall later with PE load increasing, which reaches the maximum at the optimal load. The analysis results can provide certain criteria for hybrid piezoelectric-electromagnetic energy harvester design.
2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management, 2012
ABSTRACT Dongdagou stream accepted treated or untreated domestic wastewater and industrial sewage... more ABSTRACT Dongdagou stream accepted treated or untreated domestic wastewater and industrial sewage of baiyin city, which is an important base producing non-ferrous metals in China. Speciation and risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of Dongdagou stream have been investigated based on sediment samples collected from eight locations. Average metal concentrations in sediments decrease in the order Zn>;Pb>;Cu>;Cd>;Ni. Total concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu in sediments are much higher than US EPA PEC and EC PEL, indicating that Dongdagou stream is contaminated severely by these metals. Cu, Cd and Zn were mainly controlled by organic fraction, while carbonate fraction were dominant geochemical scavengers for Pb. Ni was mainly controlled by residual fraction. Risk assessment code (RAC) values suggested sediments of Dongdagou stream had high and very high risks to the environment for Cd and Pb in most samples, but with a medium risk associated with Cd at S-4. Sediments are posing low and medium risks for Zn, Cu and Ni, except for Cu at S-8, which has a high risk. Sediments of Dongdagou contaminated by heavy metals need be remedied.
Proceedings. 7th International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuits Technology, 2004., 2004
Nowadays, dynamically and partially reconfigurable architectures (DPRA) have been widely adopted ... more Nowadays, dynamically and partially reconfigurable architectures (DPRA) have been widely adopted by backbone equipment manufacturers to tackle the market pressure in terms of cost, performance, time to market, etc. Among all the advantages of DPRA, the run time rapid reconfiguration is still not fully utilized to deliver the greatest potential. In our work, a system level asynchronous virtual pipeline (SLAVP)
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