Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 2005
Brain stimulation for the treatment of psychiatric disorders has received increasing attention ov... more Brain stimulation for the treatment of psychiatric disorders has received increasing attention over the past decade. The introduction of experimental means to stimulate the brain noninvasively with magnetic fields not only has raised interest in these novel means of modulating brain activity but also has refocused attention on a mainstay in the treatment of severe major depression and other disorders (electroconvulsive therapy). This article reviews the current state of knowledge concerning the use electroconvulsive therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and magnetic seizure therapy in children and adolescents. Two cases of medically intractable epilepsia partialis continua are presented to add to the limited literature on the use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in children and adolescents and illustrate the concept of using functional neuroimaging results to target the application of a focal intervention in an attempt to dampen hyperactive regions of the cortex.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective and most rapidly acting treatment for sever... more Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective and most rapidly acting treatment for severe treatment resistant major depression, but its use is limited by its cognitive side effects. Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is a new form of convulsive therapy using high-dosage repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to induce focal cortical seizures under anesthesia. MST is under study as a means of reducing the side effects of ECT through the enhanced control over the sites of seizure initiation and topography of seizure propagation afforded by the relative focality of rTMS. This review traces the stages in the development of MST, from device development, to preclinical testing, to clinical trials. The results of a study on the comparative safety of chronic MST and electroconvulsive shock in non-human primates support the safety of both interventions, and indicate that the seizures induced by MST are more focal and have less impact on deeper brain structures. This non-human primate model and a controlled clinical trial in patients with major depression, suggest that MST may induce fewer side effects and less amnesia than ECT. Ongoing work will yield the first data on the antidepressant efficacy of MST. If ultimately shown to be effective, MST could represent a new, less invasive option for patients with severe treatment resistant depression or other disorders who would otherwise require ECT. q
... W. Paulus, F. Tergau, MA Nitsche, Ie Rothwell, U. Ziemann, M. Hallett 2003 Elsevier Science B... more ... W. Paulus, F. Tergau, MA Nitsche, Ie Rothwell, U. Ziemann, M. Hallett 2003 Elsevier Science BV All rights reserved 81 Chapter 9 Neurophysiological characterization of magnetic seizure therapy (MST) in non-human primates Sarah H. Lisanbyv'>, Tammy Moscrip", Oscar ...
Striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) is an abundant marine coastal fish of tropical waters and has a l... more Striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) is an abundant marine coastal fish of tropical waters and has a low commercial value. This work deals with the assessment of striped mullet as a resource for surimi gels. To improve the gels obtained, ...
Atlantic croaker (Micropogon undulatus), Mexican flounder (Cyclopsetta chittendeni) and Northern ... more Atlantic croaker (Micropogon undulatus), Mexican flounder (Cyclopsetta chittendeni) and Northern kingfish (Menticirrhus saxatilis) are warm water species abundant in the Gulf of Mexico, usually obtained as shrimp by-catch. Gels from these species were obtained by several treatments: (1) setting at 25 C/3 h followed by cooking at 90 C/15 min; (2) setting at 40 C/30 min and 90 C/15 min; (3) 90 C/15 min (control). Three different additives were studied: 0.66% ammonium chloride, 0.2% EDTA and 0.2% calcium chloride. The setting phenomenon was induced at 40 C in the three species. 0.2% calcium chloride improved shear stress and shear strain in surimi gels from Atlantic croaker and Northern kingfish. 87.98 and 98.49 kPa for shear stress, and 2.23 and 2.15 for shear strain were achieved, respectively. #
En los años recientes, el interés por la dimensión espacial de los fenómenos económicos y sociale... more En los años recientes, el interés por la dimensión espacial de los fenómenos económicos y sociales se viene fortaleciendo en las ciencias sociales. Este interés aparece sobre todo en las tentativas de diversos estudiosos en explicar el desarrollo (social y económico) positivo de algunas regiones rurales y la declinación de otras a través de la comprensión de su configuración espacial. De hecho, la variable espacial pasó a destacarse y ser apuntada por algunos estudiosos como de fundamental importancia para comprender el dinamismo de determinadas regiones y sus relaciones con los actores y las instituciones. Este dinamismo es explicado con base en la idea de que la mayor proximidad de los actores que actúan en determinado espacio corresponde a acciones colectivas y cooperativas (intercambio de experiencias, redes de colaboración) que ampliarían la espesura y la densidad de las relaciones sociales y, como consecuencia, favorecerían la aparición de oportunidades innovadoras de desarrollo.
Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 2005
Brain stimulation for the treatment of psychiatric disorders has received increasing attention ov... more Brain stimulation for the treatment of psychiatric disorders has received increasing attention over the past decade. The introduction of experimental means to stimulate the brain noninvasively with magnetic fields not only has raised interest in these novel means of modulating brain activity but also has refocused attention on a mainstay in the treatment of severe major depression and other disorders (electroconvulsive therapy). This article reviews the current state of knowledge concerning the use electroconvulsive therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and magnetic seizure therapy in children and adolescents. Two cases of medically intractable epilepsia partialis continua are presented to add to the limited literature on the use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in children and adolescents and illustrate the concept of using functional neuroimaging results to target the application of a focal intervention in an attempt to dampen hyperactive regions of the cortex.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective and most rapidly acting treatment for sever... more Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective and most rapidly acting treatment for severe treatment resistant major depression, but its use is limited by its cognitive side effects. Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is a new form of convulsive therapy using high-dosage repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to induce focal cortical seizures under anesthesia. MST is under study as a means of reducing the side effects of ECT through the enhanced control over the sites of seizure initiation and topography of seizure propagation afforded by the relative focality of rTMS. This review traces the stages in the development of MST, from device development, to preclinical testing, to clinical trials. The results of a study on the comparative safety of chronic MST and electroconvulsive shock in non-human primates support the safety of both interventions, and indicate that the seizures induced by MST are more focal and have less impact on deeper brain structures. This non-human primate model and a controlled clinical trial in patients with major depression, suggest that MST may induce fewer side effects and less amnesia than ECT. Ongoing work will yield the first data on the antidepressant efficacy of MST. If ultimately shown to be effective, MST could represent a new, less invasive option for patients with severe treatment resistant depression or other disorders who would otherwise require ECT. q
... W. Paulus, F. Tergau, MA Nitsche, Ie Rothwell, U. Ziemann, M. Hallett 2003 Elsevier Science B... more ... W. Paulus, F. Tergau, MA Nitsche, Ie Rothwell, U. Ziemann, M. Hallett 2003 Elsevier Science BV All rights reserved 81 Chapter 9 Neurophysiological characterization of magnetic seizure therapy (MST) in non-human primates Sarah H. Lisanbyv'>, Tammy Moscrip", Oscar ...
Striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) is an abundant marine coastal fish of tropical waters and has a l... more Striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) is an abundant marine coastal fish of tropical waters and has a low commercial value. This work deals with the assessment of striped mullet as a resource for surimi gels. To improve the gels obtained, ...
Atlantic croaker (Micropogon undulatus), Mexican flounder (Cyclopsetta chittendeni) and Northern ... more Atlantic croaker (Micropogon undulatus), Mexican flounder (Cyclopsetta chittendeni) and Northern kingfish (Menticirrhus saxatilis) are warm water species abundant in the Gulf of Mexico, usually obtained as shrimp by-catch. Gels from these species were obtained by several treatments: (1) setting at 25 C/3 h followed by cooking at 90 C/15 min; (2) setting at 40 C/30 min and 90 C/15 min; (3) 90 C/15 min (control). Three different additives were studied: 0.66% ammonium chloride, 0.2% EDTA and 0.2% calcium chloride. The setting phenomenon was induced at 40 C in the three species. 0.2% calcium chloride improved shear stress and shear strain in surimi gels from Atlantic croaker and Northern kingfish. 87.98 and 98.49 kPa for shear stress, and 2.23 and 2.15 for shear strain were achieved, respectively. #
En los años recientes, el interés por la dimensión espacial de los fenómenos económicos y sociale... more En los años recientes, el interés por la dimensión espacial de los fenómenos económicos y sociales se viene fortaleciendo en las ciencias sociales. Este interés aparece sobre todo en las tentativas de diversos estudiosos en explicar el desarrollo (social y económico) positivo de algunas regiones rurales y la declinación de otras a través de la comprensión de su configuración espacial. De hecho, la variable espacial pasó a destacarse y ser apuntada por algunos estudiosos como de fundamental importancia para comprender el dinamismo de determinadas regiones y sus relaciones con los actores y las instituciones. Este dinamismo es explicado con base en la idea de que la mayor proximidad de los actores que actúan en determinado espacio corresponde a acciones colectivas y cooperativas (intercambio de experiencias, redes de colaboración) que ampliarían la espesura y la densidad de las relaciones sociales y, como consecuencia, favorecerían la aparición de oportunidades innovadoras de desarrollo.
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