Papers by Lindell Ormsbee
Significant drinking water contamination events pose a serious threat to public and environmental... more Significant drinking water contamination events pose a serious threat to public and environmental health. Water utilities often must make timely, critical decisions without evaluating all facets of the incident. The data needed to enact informed decisions are inevitably dispersant and disparate, originating from policy, science, and heuristic contributors. Water Expert is a functioning hybrid decision support system (DSS) and expert system framework that emphasizes the meshing of parallel data structures in order to expedite and optimize the decision pathway. Delivered as a thin-client application through the user\u27s web browser, Water Expert\u27s extensive knowledgebase is a product of inter-university collaboration that methodically pieced together system decontamination procedures. Decontamination procedures are investigated through consultation with subject matter experts, literature review, and prototyping with stakeholders. This paper discusses the development of Water Exper...
The Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute (KWRRI) is one of 54 federally authorized water r... more The Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute (KWRRI) is one of 54 federally authorized water resource institutes or centers throughout the United States and its territories. It operates under the authority of the Water Resources Research Act of 1964 (P.L. 88-379 codified at 42 U.S.C. 10301 et seq.) through the Water Resources Research Institutes Program administered by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). KWRRI's annual base grant program under section 104(b) supports the following objectives specified in the Water Resources Research Act: 1. Plan, conduct, or otherwise arrange for competent applied and peer reviewed research that fosters: a. improvements in water supply reliability; b . the exploration of new ideas that address water problems and/or expand understanding of water and water-related phenomena; c. the entry of new research scientists into water resources fields; and d. the dissemination of research results to water managers and the public. 2. Cooperate clo...
KY 11 is primarily a branched system in Kentucky with the following assets: 28 Tanks, 21 Pumps, 1... more KY 11 is primarily a branched system in Kentucky with the following assets: 28 Tanks, 21 Pumps, 1 Water Treatment Plant, and approximately 1467297 feet of pipe. KY 11 provides 1.93 million gallons of water per day to its 5,330 customers at a rate which ranges between $9.00 and $12.00 per 1,000 gallons of water. Water loss for KY 11 is estimated at 21% of the water produced.
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2021
AbstractThis paper presents an assessment methodology that considers the impact of actual valve l... more AbstractThis paper presents an assessment methodology that considers the impact of actual valve locations in a water distribution system in creating discrete isolated groups of pipes or segments wh...
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 1987
The ASCE Task Committee on Research Databases for Water Distribution Systems was formed in 2013 f... more The ASCE Task Committee on Research Databases for Water Distribution Systems was formed in 2013 for the purpose of developing a database for use by the water distribution system community in developing and testing new algorithms for network design, analysis, and operations. This effort has led to the identification and collection of data files and supporting narratives for over 40 different distribution systems. This paper provides an overview of the database along with instructions for how the system data may be accessed for use.
Pike County, the largest coal producing and exporting county from the state of Kentucky was studi... more Pike County, the largest coal producing and exporting county from the state of Kentucky was studied to assess the impact of a possible coal slurry pipeline project on the water resources allocation and utilization in the region. Potential coal slurry pipelines from the region were identified and water requirement for operating several hypothetical pipelines were computed by using a recently developed computer program. Climatological data for the county were collected and analyzed for a 29-year period of record with a view to determining the monthly net consumptive use in the region. Available groundwater data for the region was also collected in an effort to assess the groundwater situation of the region. Present urban demand was quantified and an estimate of urban demand in 2010 A.D. was made.
KY 10 is primarily a branched system in Kentucky with the following assets: 13 Tanks, 13 Pumps, 1... more KY 10 is primarily a branched system in Kentucky with the following assets: 13 Tanks, 13 Pumps, 1 Water Treatment Plant, and approximately 1353879 feet of pipe. KY 10 provides 2.26 million gallons of water per day to its 9093 customers at a rate which ranges between $6.00 and $8.00 per 1,000 gallons of water. Water loss for KY 10 is estimated at 6% of the water produced.
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A comprehensive conceptual watershed model is developed to simulate the hydrologic response of st... more A comprehensive conceptual watershed model is developed to simulate the hydrologic response of steeply sloping forested watersheds. Twon nonHortonian and two Hortonian models were first tested with data from selected watersheds in West Virginia and eastern Kentucky in order to understand the different mechanisms of flow responsible for storm hydrograph generation in this type of watersheds. The two non-Hortonian models tested were the kinematic storage model (Sloan et al. 1983) and the saturation deficit model (Beven and Wood, 1983). Both models were unable to adequately reproduce the observed hydrographs in the four forested watersheds considered in this research. The two Hortonian models tested were Clark's unit hydrograph model and Snyder's unit hydrograph model. These two models were able to reproduce the observed hydrographs only through model calibration with unrealistic parameter values. Based on the conclusions from the testing of the two non-Hortonian and the two Ho...
This report provides a planning methodology and a design tool to help determine the appropriate l... more This report provides a planning methodology and a design tool to help determine the appropriate location and volume of detention basins required to control critical storm events. The technique involves using watershed characteristics including the SCS curve number, time of concentration, peak outflow rate, watershed area and the storage recurrence interval to help pred·ict these detention volumes. Historical rainfall records are used in a revised continuous sinulation program (SYNOP, Hydroscience, Inc,) to determine the rainfall excess from which runoff hydrographs are produced. Various combinations of the watershed characteristics were input and computer analyses done to obtain the required data base. A statistical analysis is performed in each computer analysis to obtain the statistics on the required volume. Graphs were drawn from these statis.tical results as functions of the watershed characteristics and the release rate. Entering the graphs with the governing watershed charact...
Contamination warning systems (CWS) are strategies to lessen the effects of contamination in wate... more Contamination warning systems (CWS) are strategies to lessen the effects of contamination in water distribution systems by delivering early indication of events. A critical component of CWS, online quality monitoring, involves a network of sensors that assess water quality and alert an operator of contamination. Utilities developing these monitoring systems are faced with the decision of what locations are optimal for deployment of sensors. The TEVA-SPOT software was developed to analyze the vulnerability of systems and aid utilities in designing sensor networks. However, many small utilities do not have the technical or financial resources needed to effectively use TEVA-SPOT. As a result, a sensor placement algorithm was developed and implemented in a commercial network distribution model (i.e. KYPIPE) as a simple tool to aid small utilities in sensor placement. The developed tool was validated using 12 small distribution system models and multiple contamination scenarios for the p...
Contamination warning systems (CWS) are strategies to lessen the effects of contamination in wate... more Contamination warning systems (CWS) are strategies to lessen the effects of contamination in water distribution systems by delivering early indication of events. A critical component of CWS, online quality monitoring, involves a network of sensors that assess water quality and alert an operator of contamination. Utilities developing these monitoring systems are faced with the decision of what locations are optimal for deployment of sensors. The TEVA-SPOT software was developed to analyze the vulnerability of systems and aid utilities in designing sensor networks. However, many small utilities do not have the technical or financial resources needed to effectively use TEVA-SPOT. As a result, a sensor placement algorithm was developed and implemented in a commercial network distribution model (i.e. KYPIPE) as a simple tool to aid small utilities in sensor placement. The developed tool was validated using 12 small distribution system models and multiple contamination scenarios for the p...
Application of systems analysis, mathematical modeling, numerical analysis, and optimization in w... more Application of systems analysis, mathematical modeling, numerical analysis, and optimization in water resources planning, design, construction, management and operation. Solution of engineering problems found in water supply, water and wastewater treatment, urban drainage, and river basin development and management by use of linear, nonlinear, and dynamic programming models. COURSE OBJECTIVES 7. All items in tables and figures should have appropriate and identified units. 8. All data sources should be referenced (including those from web).
A comprehesive model haa been developed for use in modeling the hydrologic response of rill netwo... more A comprehesive model haa been developed for use in modeling the hydrologic response of rill network systems. The model, which is called HYMODRIN, is composed of both a hydrologic runoff component and a hydraulic channel routing component. The hydrologic component of the model uses a Green Ampt infiltration approach linked with a nonlinear reservoir runoff model. The channel routing component of the model is baaed on a finite element solution ot the diffusion wave equations. In order to account for backwater effects the model employs a dual level iteration scheme. The model may be used in either a stand alone mode or aa part of a comprehensive integrated rill erosion model. In the latter case, the hydrologic data for the rill network and the aasociated interrill flow areas is provided by a geographic-hydrologic interface model called GHIM. This model accepts data from a digital elevation model and translates it into a form compatible with the hydrologic model. This report contains th...
The Task I report provided a review and critique of previous water supply studies of the Kentucky... more The Task I report provided a review and critique of previous water supply studies of the Kentucky River Basin. In particular, the review focused on the 1990 Harza study, entitled "Phase I Report: Water Demands and Water Supply Yield and Deficit" (see 2.5.1) and the 1991 Harza study entitled "Phase II Report: Development of a Long-Range Water Supply Plan" (see 2.5.2). The purpose of the overall KWRI study was to identify and assess unexamined or changed conditions that could significantly impact the conclusions and recommendations of the previous Harza studies.
The Water Sector Research and Development Working Group has stated that water utilities would ben... more The Water Sector Research and Development Working Group has stated that water utilities would benefit from a clearer and more consistent understanding of their system flow dynamics. Understanding flow dynamics is important to interpreting water quality measurements and to inform basic operational decision making regarding the distribution system. Because these models will be used in decisions that involve significant investment and potential impact to the community, it is important that the model be an accurate representation of the actual conditions in the system. However, creating a hydraulic model of a water distribution system of any size comes with many difficulties, as many engineers can attest. Modeling smaller systems, such as the one in this study, is simpler from an engineering perspective but the challenge comes from the amount and quality of the information necessary to produce accurate results. For this model calibration we overcame issues such as collection of boundary...
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Papers by Lindell Ormsbee