Papers by Nirjala laxmi madhikarmi
MED PHOENIX, Jul 31, 2017
Background: Free radicals are reactive oxygen species which cause lipid peroxidation precipitatin... more Background: Free radicals are reactive oxygen species which cause lipid peroxidation precipitating many metabolic diseases including Diabetes Mellitus. However, these free radicals are quenched by substances known as antioxidants like vitamin C, vitamin E and several other compounds. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status were investigated in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes mellitus-Pokhara, Nepal. Methods: The extent of lipid peroxidation was assessed by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and the antioxidant parameter estimations were total antioxidant activity, Vitamin C and Vitamin E assessed in Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus patients along with matched healthy counterparts. results: The lipid peroxidation was increased in male Type 1 and 2 diabetic patients whereas female group showed decreased level as compared to its healthy counterparts. Similarly, the total antioxidant activity was found to be decreased in the diabetic group. The lipid peroxidation parameter and antioxidant status were statistically significant at p< 0.05. Conclusion: Oxidative stress and antioxidant status varied in male and female patients suffering from diabetes either Type 1 or Type 2. Apart from gender basis of evaluating oxidative stress, variables based on diet, habitat, socioeconomic status, education, etc. can also be considered.
Journal of Nepal Medical Association, Apr 30, 2019
Introduction: Human nose is one of the important anthropometric parameters for identification of ... more Introduction: Human nose is one of the important anthropometric parameters for identification of sex and ethnicity of an individual of an unknown identity. The nasal index holds a great value in anthropological studies, because it is one of the anthropometric indices acknowledged in nasal surgery as well as management. The study aims to find the mean nasal index and the nose type of dental students of Kantipur Dental College of Nepal. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 140 dental students in the
Birat Journal of Health Sciences, Nov 3, 2021
Journal of Physiological Society of Nepal, Jun 30, 2020
Introduction: Inter-arm difference (IAD) in blood pressure is the difference in the systolic and ... more Introduction: Inter-arm difference (IAD) in blood pressure is the difference in the systolic and the diastolic blood pressure between arms of an individual. Studies regarding IAD among elderly, pregnant women, patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes have been conducted but there are very limited studies carried out among young healthy adults. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the inter-arm blood pressure difference and its association with age, sex, BMI and family history of hypertension among Nepalese healthy young adults. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 230 students of Kantipur Dental College, Kathmandu, Nepal. Blood pressure was measured using a mercurial sphygmomanometer. Statistical analysis was done using paired t test, chi-square and Pearson's correlation test using SPSS 16. Results: The absolute mean IAD for SBP was 5.03±3.88 mm Hg and for DBP was 3.84±3.77 mm Hg. There is significant inter-arm difference for SBP (t=4.882, p<0.001) but not for DBP. Inter-arm SBP difference was significantly associated with family history of hypertension (χ 2 = 6.41, p=0.01) and positive but weakly correlated with age (r = +0.135, p=0.04). There is no significant association of inter-arm SBP difference with sex and BMI. Meanwhile, there is no statistically significant association of sex, family history of hypertension, age and BMI with inter-arm DBP. Conclusions: There is a significant inter-arm systolic blood pressure difference among the healthy young Nepalese adults and it is associated with the positive family history of hypertension and age.
Med Phoenix, 2017
Ayurveda, an orthodox as well as main stream system of medicine has been with a source of new con... more Ayurveda, an orthodox as well as main stream system of medicine has been with a source of new concepts and products for healthcare. Euphorbia hirta Linn. (EH) is an advantageously authenticated medicinal plant as observable from the literature. Rural and tribal people of India use different parts of this plant to surmount various diseases. Its use in traditional medicine has been assured on scientific basis by studying pharmacology of the plant in vitro and in vivo Information was collected from different data base resources.
ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to assess the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant l... more ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to assess the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant levels in patients with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA). Forty patients with IDA and forty healthy individuals with their informed consent were selected for the study. The enzymatic antioxidants- catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase; non-enzymatic antioxidants-vitamin C and E and total antioxidant activity (TAA) were also analyzed. The lipid peroxidation parameter thiobarbituric acid reactive substance was analyzed. The enzymatically antioxidants were found to be statistically increased but vitamin C and E and TAA were significantly lowered. Diminished antioxidant status disturbed oxidant-antioxidant balance alleviating oxidative stress state. Keywords- Antioxidant, catalase, enzymatic, glutathione peroxidase, iron deficiency anemia.
International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS)
Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. Oxid... more Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. Oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular and macrovascular complications. This study was undertaken to find the oxidative stress and antioxidant conditions in diabetic and healthy individuals.Method: A case-control study was carried out at Kantipur Dental College Teaching Hospital & Research center, Kathmandu, Nepal from January 2018 to January 2019 with 200 subjects. Amongst them 100 were diagnosed as diabetic individuals and rest 100 were healthy controls with age and gender matched. Blood samples were drawn after overnight fasting for the analysis of glucose, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), lipid hydroperoxides, nitric oxide, total antioxidant activity, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxidase and catalase.Result: The plasma glucose, lipid peroxidation parameters: TBARS, lipid hydroperoxid...
Research Journal of Science and Technology, Aug 28, 2012
Journal of Physiological Society of Nepal, 2021
Introduction: Persistent stress can impair the student’s wellbeing leading to diminished efficien... more Introduction: Persistent stress can impair the student’s wellbeing leading to diminished efficiency at work or learning. Dental students are frequently exposed to various stressors that are related to treatment procedures, training and administrative challenges in the college. The aim of the present study is to assess the stress, anxiety and depression levels of dental students during COVID-19. This study aimed to examine the impact of depression, anxiety and stress during COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kantipur Dental College Teaching Hospital & Research Center, Kathmandu Nepal during covid-19 pandemic. The study was conducted with 150 students with 50 students each from first year, second year and third year. Levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were measured using the Depression, anxiety and stress scale -21 (DASS-21); statistical analysis were performed using SPSS 20.0 and p<0.05 was considered level of significance....
Iranian biomedical journal, 2014
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency anemia is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide... more BACKGROUND Iron deficiency anemia is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Evidences from epidemiological and clinical studies suggest a possible correlation between antioxidant levels and the anemic disease risk. The present work is to investigate antioxidant levels and lipid peroxidation in anemic patients. METHODS A number of 30 patients (15 males and 15 females) were selected for the study. Likewise, 30 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers (15 males and 15 females) were selected with their informed consent. Patients and healthy subjects were supplemented with vitamins C and E for 15 days. The lipid peroxidation both in plasma and erythrocyte lysates was determined by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lipid peroxides. The antioxidant vitamins A, C, and E and total antioxidant activity were also analyzed. The antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were also determined. RESULTS Based on analysis, we foun...
International Journal of Applied Biology and P, 2012
The objective of this study was to assess the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant levels in p... more The objective of this study was to assess the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant levels in patients with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA). Forty patients with IDA and forty healthy individuals with their informed consent were selected for the study. The enzymatic antioxidants- catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase; non-enzymatic antioxidants-vitamin C and E and total antioxidant activity (TAA) were also analyzed. The lipid peroxidation parameter thiobarbituric acid reactive substance was analyzed. The enzymatically antioxidants were found to be statistically increased but vitamin C and E and TAA were significantly lowered. Diminished antioxidant status disturbed oxidant-antioxidant balance alleviating oxidative stress state.
Background and Objective: The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive data on lipid p... more Background and Objective: The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive data on lipid peroxidation in the whole blood, red blood cells and plasma of normal and anemic individuals. Methods: A total of forty (40) anemic individuals were enrolled for the study along with forty (40) healthy matched (with respect to age and sex) normal individuals. Lipid peroxidation was monitored by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) in whole blood, red blood cells and plasma, both in anemic case and healthy controls. Results and Interpretation: In the normal and anemic case, the age ranged from 15 to 55 years. MDA concentration was found to be 2.81 ± 0.80 nmol/ml, 2.30 ± 0.76 nmol/ml, 3.38 ± 1.43 nmol/ml, respectively, in whole blood, red blood cells and plasma of normal individuals. However in anemic case, MDA concentration was 4.44 ± 1.4 nmol/ml, 3.52 ± 1.3 nmol/ml and 4.12 ± 2.76 nmol/ml, and was highly significant at p< 0.005. Conclusion: The results showed an increase in oxidative ...
Birat Journal of Health Sciences, 2021
Introduction: Globally tobacco smoking is considered as a foremost public health problem. Erythro... more Introduction: Globally tobacco smoking is considered as a foremost public health problem. Erythrocytes membrane lipids are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and the oxidative effects of oxygen on its membrane are greater than other tissues and the condition is heightened by tobacco smoke.Free radicals present in the tobacco increases peroxidation products in blood and vascular tissues are chiefly responsible for harmful effects. Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the impact of stress induced by tobacco smoke on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant parameters in patients with anemia. Methodology: A hospital-based case-control study was carried out in Kantipur Dental College Teaching Hospital, included 150 tobacco smoking anemic and 150 healthy volunteers. The stress parameter was assessed by the determination of malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxide and nitric oxide. The non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamins A, C and E and total antioxidant activity and enz...
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, 2018
Objectives: To assess oxidative damage and lipid profile levels in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patie... more Objectives: To assess oxidative damage and lipid profile levels in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with or without tobacco chewing habit. Methods: Total of 141 newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with tobacco chewing habit from past >18 years were included, 136 Type 2diabetes mellitus without any tobacco chewing habit, 140 normal healthy subjects without any tobacco chewing habit were included in the study. Blood sample was collected after 8-12 hours fasting from each subject to estimate glucose and cholesterol. The plasma was used for estimation of total antioxidant (TAA) activity, Vitamin C and thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) by standard methods. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS version 16. Results: The glucose, cholesterol and TBARS levels were found to be increased significantly (p<0.001) in diabetic patients with tobacco chewing habit, as well as TAA, Vitamin C levels decreased significantly (p<0.001) when compared with healthy in...
Journal of Nepal Medical Association, 2019
Introduction: Human nose is one of the important anthropometric parameters for identification of ... more Introduction: Human nose is one of the important anthropometric parameters for identification of ethnicity and sex of an individual of an unknown identity. The nasal index holds a great value in anthropological studies, because it is one of the anthropometric indices acknowledged in nasal surgery as well as management. The study aims to find the mean nasal index and the nose type of dental students of Kantipur Dental College of Nepal. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 140 dental students of age groups 17-25 years, in the Department of Anatomy, Kantipur Dental College Teaching Hospital and Research Center, Basundhara, Kathmandu. The studied population belongs to dental students of Kantipur Dental College and Research Centre. The nasal parameters including the nasal height, nasal width was measured using Digital Vernier Caliper and the nose was classified in three different types based on the value of nasal index. Results: The mean nasal index of tota...
Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, 2015
Introduc on Body mass index is an important parameter associated with a variety of disease proces... more Introduc on Body mass index is an important parameter associated with a variety of disease processes. Hypertension is one of the major risk factor associated with cardiovascular disease. The risk of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases increases with an increase in body mass index.
Journal of Physiological Society of Nepal
Introduction: Inter-arm difference (IAD) in blood pressure is the difference in the systolic and ... more Introduction: Inter-arm difference (IAD) in blood pressure is the difference in the systolic and the diastolic blood pressure between arms of an individual. Studies regarding IAD among elderly, pregnant women, patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes have been conducted but there are very limited studies carried out among young healthy adults. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the inter-arm blood pressure difference and its association with age, sex, BMI and family history of hypertension among Nepalese healthy young adults. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 230 students of Kantipur Dental College, Kathmandu, Nepal. Blood pressure was measured using a mercurial sphygmomanometer. Statistical analysis was done using paired t test, chi-square and Pearson’s correlation test using SPSS 16. Results: The absolute mean IAD for SBP was 5.03±3.88 mm Hg and for DBP was 3.84±3.77 mm Hg. There is significant inter-arm difference for SBP (t=4.882, p...
Introduction: Inter-arm difference (IAD) in blood pressure is the difference in the systolic and ... more Introduction: Inter-arm difference (IAD) in blood pressure is the difference in the systolic and the diastolic blood pressure between arms of an individual. Studies regarding IAD among elderly, pregnant women, patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes have been conducted but there are very limited studies carried out among young healthy adults. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the inter-arm blood pressure difference and its association with age, sex, BMI and family history of hypertension among Nepalese healthy young adults. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 230 students of Kantipur Dental College, Kathmandu, Nepal. Blood pressure was measured using a mercurial sphygmomanometer. Statistical analysis was done using paired t test, chi-square and Pearson’s correlation test using SPSS 16. Results: The absolute mean IAD for SBP was 5.03±3.88 mm Hg and for DBP was 3.84±3.77 mm Hg. There is significant inter-arm difference for SBP (t=4.882, p...
Birat Journal of Health Sciences
Introduction: Body mass index is an important parameter associated with a variety of disease proc... more Introduction: Body mass index is an important parameter associated with a variety of disease processes. The risk of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases increases with an increase in body mass index. The study was conducted to compare the relationship between body mass index and blood pressure. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and correlate the Obesity and Hypertension in medical students Methodology: The study was conducted in 200 students (113 males and 87 females). Height, weight and blood pressure were recorded from all participants and body mass index was calculated. The recorded body mass index was utilized to divide the student into underweight, normal, over weight and obese category according to the World Health organization body mass index classification. Hypertension was determined from the measure of blood pressure. Then comparison of blood pressure with body mass index was made. Results: Among 200 students 6% were obese, 22% were overweight, 65% were normal ...
Uploads
Papers by Nirjala laxmi madhikarmi