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Michael Hogge

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Papers by Michael Hogge

Fonctionnement exécutif et attentionnel consécutif à des lésions cérébrales acquises : une analyse de cas multiples

Revue de neuropsychologie, 2015

Article disponible en ligne à l'adresse Article disponible en ligne à l'adresse https://www.cairn... more Article disponible en ligne à l'adresse Article disponible en ligne à l'adresse https://www.cairn.info/revue-de-neuropsychologie-2015-2-page-71.htm Découvrir le sommaire de ce numéro, suivre la revue par email, s'abonner... Flashez ce QR Code pour accéder à la page de ce numéro sur Cairn.info.

Which drugs of choice are on the rise or in decline? A trend analysis of Belgium’s treatment settings (2015-2019)

Drugs, Habits and Social Policy

Purpose The opioid epidemic in the USA, the new psychoactive substances emerging on the market an... more Purpose The opioid epidemic in the USA, the new psychoactive substances emerging on the market and the recent increase in cocaine treatment demands in Western Europe, all emphasise the importance of monitoring the use and harms of drugs over time. To be informed about new consumption patterns, this study aims to study the trends among people entering treatment for substance use in Belgium. Design/methodology/approach Belgian data from the Treatment Demand Indicator collected between 2015 and 2019 were used. A reference group of treatment units was selected to allow for comparisons between the different years. Trend analysis was performed by using a joinpoint regression among different regions and groups of clients. Findings The drugs of choice that were most frequently mentioned among the 23,000 analysed treatment episodes were alcohol and cannabis. Both remained relatively stable over time. Heroin seemed to be decreasing significantly at the national level, but increased in Brussel...

Perspective taking in patients with fronto-temporal dementia

Peer reviewe

Owl or lark? Stroop-related cerebral activity is modulated by time of day and chronotype

Executive and attentional functioning following brain damage: a multiple cases analysis

Le fonctionnement exécutif a été conceptualisé comme un ensemble de processus cognitifs de haut n... more Le fonctionnement exécutif a été conceptualisé comme un ensemble de processus cognitifs de haut niveau pouvant être clairement distingués, et dont le substrat cérébral se situerait au sein des régions frontales. Un certain nombre de données obtenues notamment chez des patients présentant des lésions cérébrales acquises sont toutefois venues remettre en question cette conceptualisation. Dans ce contexte, nous avons administré une large batterie d’épreuves exécutives et attentionnelles à un petit groupe de patients cérébro-lésés (N=9) afin de déterminer, au moyen d’analyses de cas multiples, l’influence de la localisation et de l’étendue des lésions, ainsi que l’influence de difficultés attentionnelles, sur la survenue d’un syndrome dysexécutif. Les analyses de profils individuels semblent indiquer qu’un mauvais transfert d’information entre régions cérébrales antérieures et postérieures serait responsable de la survenue de troubles exécutifs, et que, dans certains cas, ce soient des ...

Stroop interference and negative priming in normal aging

... Title : Stroop interference and negative priming in normal aging. Language : English. Author,... more ... Title : Stroop interference and negative priming in normal aging. Language : English. Author, co-author : Hogge, Michaël []. Adam, Stéphane mailto [Université de Liège - ULg &gt; Département Psychologies et cliniques des systèmes humains &gt; Psychologie de la sénescence &gt;]. ...

Retrieval-induced forgetting in normal aging

Interference and Negative Priming in Normal Aging and in Mild Alzheimer's Disease

Psychologica Belgica, 2008

Most studies that have administered interference and negative priming tasks to patients with Alzh... more Most studies that have administered interference and negative priming tasks to patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy elderly subjects have demonstrated inhibitory dysfunction in AD patients, and mixed results in the elderly. In the present study, we re-explored these two effects in these populations by administering two tasks that allow assessing interference and negative priming effects. Results on both tasks showed (1) the presence of an interference effect in AD and elderly adults, that can be explained by cognitive slowing in the case of elderly controls; (2) the preservation of negative priming abilities in the two groups. These surprising results for AD patients were interpreted by proposing that AD patients have a preserved ability to suppress the representation of a distracter, but specific inhibitory deficits when they have to resolve a selection conflict at the stage of response production (i.e. when competing stimuli have been fully processed).

Inhibitory control of memory in normal ageing: Dissociation between impaired intentional and preserved unintentional processes

Memory, 2009

The aim of this study was to compare the performance of elderly and young participants on a serie... more The aim of this study was to compare the performance of elderly and young participants on a series of memory tasks involving either intentional or unintentional inhibitory control of memory content. Intentional inhibition processes in working and episodic memory were explored with directed forgetting tasks and in semantic memory with the Hayling task. Unintentional inhibitory processes in working memory, long-term memory and semantic memory were explored with an interference resolution task, the retrieval practice paradigm and the flanker task, respectively. The results indicate that elderly subjects' performance on the two directed forgetting tasks and the Hayling task is lower than that of young ones, and that this impairment is not related to their initial memory capacity. This suggests that there is a specific dysfunction affecting intentional inhibitory control of memory contents in normal aging.

Retrieval-induced forgetting in normal ageing

Journal of Neuropsychology, 2008

Comparison of Inhibitory Functioning in Mild Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia

Cortex, 2007

Executive dysfunction is frequently reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the frontal variant ... more Executive dysfunction is frequently reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the frontal variant of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). More specifically, inhibitory dysfunction is observed early in AD and inhibitory deficits are also prominent in patients with FTD. However, few studies have simultaneously explored and compared inhibitory abilities in both degenerative diseases. Consequently, the aim of this study was to compare verbal and motor inhibitory processes in the initial stages of AD and the frontal variant of FTD. Stroop and go/no-go tasks were administered. The results demonstrate that, on the go/nogo task, AD and FTD patients do not produce more errors than control subjects. However, both groups are impaired on the Stroop task (mainly with regard to the error score) but do not differ from each other. These results indicate that AD and FTD patients do not present a general impairment of their inhibitory abilities. Moreover, these two kinds of dementia present similar quantitative and qualitative inhibitory impairments on the two tasks, although their patterns of structural and functional cerebral impairments are known to be different. The presence of similar inhibitory deficits despite very different patterns of brain damage is in agreement with the hypothesis that inhibitory dysfunction in the two groups of patients depends on a disconnection process between anterior and posterior cerebral areas, rather than on the presence of focal metabolism decreases in different regions.

Directed Forgetting and Aging: The Role of Retrieval Processes, Processing Speed, and Proactive Interference

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 2008

The directed forgetting effect obtained with the item method is supposed to depend on both select... more The directed forgetting effect obtained with the item method is supposed to depend on both selective rehearsal of to-be-remembered (TBR) items and attentional inhibition of to-be-forgotten (TBF) items. In this study, we investigated the locus of the directed forgetting deficit in older adults by exploring the influence of recollection and familiarity-based retrieval processes on age-related differences in directed forgetting. Moreover, we explored the influence of processing speed, short-term memory capacity, thought suppression tendencies, and sensitivity to proactive interference on performance. The results indicated that older adults' directed forgetting difficulties are due to decreased recollection of TBR items, associated with increased automatic retrieval of TBF items. Moreover, processing speed and proactive interference appeared to be responsible for the decreased recall of TBR items.

Exploration of the neural substrates of executive functioning by functional neuroimaging

Neuroscience, 2006

This review presents neuroimaging studies that have explored the cerebral substrates of executive... more This review presents neuroimaging studies that have explored the cerebral substrates of executive functioning. These studies have demonstrated that different executive functions not only recruit various frontal areas but also depend upon posterior (mainly parietal) regions. These results are in accordance with the hypothesis that executive functioning relies on a distributed cerebral network that is not restricted to anterior cerebral areas. However, there exists an important heterogeneity in the cerebral areas associated with these different processes, and also between different tasks assessing the same process. Since these discrepant results could be due to the paradigms used (subtraction designs), recent results obtained with conjunction and interaction analyses are presented, which confirm the role of parietal areas in executive functioning and also demonstrate the existence of some specificity in the neural substrates of the executive processes of updating, shifting and inhibition. Finally, functional magnetic resonance imaging studies show that the activity in cerebral areas involved in executive tasks can be transient or sustained. Consequently, to better characterize the functional role of areas associated with executive functioning, it is important to take into account not only the localization of cerebral activity but also the temporal pattern of this activity.

Do attentional capacities and processing speed mediate the effect of age on executive functioning?

Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition, Jan 6, 2018

The executive processes are well known to decline with age, and similar data also exists for atte... more The executive processes are well known to decline with age, and similar data also exists for attentional capacities and processing speed. Therefore, we investigated whether these two last nonexecutive variables would mediate the effect of age on executive functions (inhibition, shifting, updating, and dual-task coordination). We administered a large battery of executive, attentional and processing speed tasks to 104 young and 71 older people, and we performed mediation analyses with variables showing a significant age effect. All executive and processing speed measures showed age-related effects while only the visual scanning task performance (selective attention) was explained by age when controlled for gender and educational level. Regarding mediation analyses, visual scanning partially mediated the age effect on updating while processing speed partially mediated the age effect on shifting, updating and dual-task coordination. In a more exploratory way, inhibition was also found t...

Social mind representation: Where does it fail in frontotemporal dementia?

Journal of cognitive …, 2007

& We aimed at investigating social disability and its cerebral correlates in frontotemporal demen... more & We aimed at investigating social disability and its cerebral correlates in frontotemporal dementia (FTD). To do so, we contrasted answers of patients with early-stage FTD and of their relatives on personality trait judgment and on behavior prediction in social and emotional situations. Such contrasts were compared to control contrasts calculated with answers of matched controls tested with their relatives. In addition, brain metabolism was measured in patients with positron emission tomography and the [ 18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose method. Patients turned out to be as accurate as controls in describing their relative's personality, but they failed to predict their relative's behavior in social and emotional circumstances. Concerning the self, patients were impaired both in current personality assessment and in prediction of their own behavior. Those two self-evaluation measures did not correlate. Only patients' anosognosia for social behavioral disability was found to be related to decreased metabolic activity in the left temporal pole. Such results suggest that anosognosia for social disability in FTD originates in impaired processing of emotional autobiographical information, leading to a self-representation that does not match current behavior. Moreover, we propose that perspective-taking disability participates in anosognosia, preventing patients from correcting their inaccurate self-representation based on their relative's perspective. &

Euphorisants légaux et nouvelles drogues de synthèse : enjeux et risques sanitaires

Psychotropes, Feb 17, 2015

Effect of parental socio-educational level on memory and attentional measures in children

La BREFA, Batterie Rapide d’Evaluation des Fonctions Attentionnelles chez l’enfant : données préliminaires

Evaluation de l’effet d’oubli induit à la récupération dans le vieillissement normal

Mémoire de travail et vieillissement normal

by Michael Hogge and Steve Majerus

Fonctionnement exécutif et attentionnel consécutif à des lésions cérébrales acquises : une analyse de cas multiples

Revue de neuropsychologie, 2015

Article disponible en ligne à l'adresse Article disponible en ligne à l'adresse https://www.cairn... more Article disponible en ligne à l'adresse Article disponible en ligne à l'adresse https://www.cairn.info/revue-de-neuropsychologie-2015-2-page-71.htm Découvrir le sommaire de ce numéro, suivre la revue par email, s'abonner... Flashez ce QR Code pour accéder à la page de ce numéro sur Cairn.info.

Which drugs of choice are on the rise or in decline? A trend analysis of Belgium’s treatment settings (2015-2019)

Drugs, Habits and Social Policy

Purpose The opioid epidemic in the USA, the new psychoactive substances emerging on the market an... more Purpose The opioid epidemic in the USA, the new psychoactive substances emerging on the market and the recent increase in cocaine treatment demands in Western Europe, all emphasise the importance of monitoring the use and harms of drugs over time. To be informed about new consumption patterns, this study aims to study the trends among people entering treatment for substance use in Belgium. Design/methodology/approach Belgian data from the Treatment Demand Indicator collected between 2015 and 2019 were used. A reference group of treatment units was selected to allow for comparisons between the different years. Trend analysis was performed by using a joinpoint regression among different regions and groups of clients. Findings The drugs of choice that were most frequently mentioned among the 23,000 analysed treatment episodes were alcohol and cannabis. Both remained relatively stable over time. Heroin seemed to be decreasing significantly at the national level, but increased in Brussel...

Perspective taking in patients with fronto-temporal dementia

Peer reviewe

Owl or lark? Stroop-related cerebral activity is modulated by time of day and chronotype

Executive and attentional functioning following brain damage: a multiple cases analysis

Le fonctionnement exécutif a été conceptualisé comme un ensemble de processus cognitifs de haut n... more Le fonctionnement exécutif a été conceptualisé comme un ensemble de processus cognitifs de haut niveau pouvant être clairement distingués, et dont le substrat cérébral se situerait au sein des régions frontales. Un certain nombre de données obtenues notamment chez des patients présentant des lésions cérébrales acquises sont toutefois venues remettre en question cette conceptualisation. Dans ce contexte, nous avons administré une large batterie d’épreuves exécutives et attentionnelles à un petit groupe de patients cérébro-lésés (N=9) afin de déterminer, au moyen d’analyses de cas multiples, l’influence de la localisation et de l’étendue des lésions, ainsi que l’influence de difficultés attentionnelles, sur la survenue d’un syndrome dysexécutif. Les analyses de profils individuels semblent indiquer qu’un mauvais transfert d’information entre régions cérébrales antérieures et postérieures serait responsable de la survenue de troubles exécutifs, et que, dans certains cas, ce soient des ...

Stroop interference and negative priming in normal aging

... Title : Stroop interference and negative priming in normal aging. Language : English. Author,... more ... Title : Stroop interference and negative priming in normal aging. Language : English. Author, co-author : Hogge, Michaël []. Adam, Stéphane mailto [Université de Liège - ULg &gt; Département Psychologies et cliniques des systèmes humains &gt; Psychologie de la sénescence &gt;]. ...

Retrieval-induced forgetting in normal aging

Interference and Negative Priming in Normal Aging and in Mild Alzheimer's Disease

Psychologica Belgica, 2008

Most studies that have administered interference and negative priming tasks to patients with Alzh... more Most studies that have administered interference and negative priming tasks to patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy elderly subjects have demonstrated inhibitory dysfunction in AD patients, and mixed results in the elderly. In the present study, we re-explored these two effects in these populations by administering two tasks that allow assessing interference and negative priming effects. Results on both tasks showed (1) the presence of an interference effect in AD and elderly adults, that can be explained by cognitive slowing in the case of elderly controls; (2) the preservation of negative priming abilities in the two groups. These surprising results for AD patients were interpreted by proposing that AD patients have a preserved ability to suppress the representation of a distracter, but specific inhibitory deficits when they have to resolve a selection conflict at the stage of response production (i.e. when competing stimuli have been fully processed).

Inhibitory control of memory in normal ageing: Dissociation between impaired intentional and preserved unintentional processes

Memory, 2009

The aim of this study was to compare the performance of elderly and young participants on a serie... more The aim of this study was to compare the performance of elderly and young participants on a series of memory tasks involving either intentional or unintentional inhibitory control of memory content. Intentional inhibition processes in working and episodic memory were explored with directed forgetting tasks and in semantic memory with the Hayling task. Unintentional inhibitory processes in working memory, long-term memory and semantic memory were explored with an interference resolution task, the retrieval practice paradigm and the flanker task, respectively. The results indicate that elderly subjects' performance on the two directed forgetting tasks and the Hayling task is lower than that of young ones, and that this impairment is not related to their initial memory capacity. This suggests that there is a specific dysfunction affecting intentional inhibitory control of memory contents in normal aging.

Retrieval-induced forgetting in normal ageing

Journal of Neuropsychology, 2008

Comparison of Inhibitory Functioning in Mild Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia

Cortex, 2007

Executive dysfunction is frequently reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the frontal variant ... more Executive dysfunction is frequently reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the frontal variant of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). More specifically, inhibitory dysfunction is observed early in AD and inhibitory deficits are also prominent in patients with FTD. However, few studies have simultaneously explored and compared inhibitory abilities in both degenerative diseases. Consequently, the aim of this study was to compare verbal and motor inhibitory processes in the initial stages of AD and the frontal variant of FTD. Stroop and go/no-go tasks were administered. The results demonstrate that, on the go/nogo task, AD and FTD patients do not produce more errors than control subjects. However, both groups are impaired on the Stroop task (mainly with regard to the error score) but do not differ from each other. These results indicate that AD and FTD patients do not present a general impairment of their inhibitory abilities. Moreover, these two kinds of dementia present similar quantitative and qualitative inhibitory impairments on the two tasks, although their patterns of structural and functional cerebral impairments are known to be different. The presence of similar inhibitory deficits despite very different patterns of brain damage is in agreement with the hypothesis that inhibitory dysfunction in the two groups of patients depends on a disconnection process between anterior and posterior cerebral areas, rather than on the presence of focal metabolism decreases in different regions.

Directed Forgetting and Aging: The Role of Retrieval Processes, Processing Speed, and Proactive Interference

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 2008

The directed forgetting effect obtained with the item method is supposed to depend on both select... more The directed forgetting effect obtained with the item method is supposed to depend on both selective rehearsal of to-be-remembered (TBR) items and attentional inhibition of to-be-forgotten (TBF) items. In this study, we investigated the locus of the directed forgetting deficit in older adults by exploring the influence of recollection and familiarity-based retrieval processes on age-related differences in directed forgetting. Moreover, we explored the influence of processing speed, short-term memory capacity, thought suppression tendencies, and sensitivity to proactive interference on performance. The results indicated that older adults' directed forgetting difficulties are due to decreased recollection of TBR items, associated with increased automatic retrieval of TBF items. Moreover, processing speed and proactive interference appeared to be responsible for the decreased recall of TBR items.

Exploration of the neural substrates of executive functioning by functional neuroimaging

Neuroscience, 2006

This review presents neuroimaging studies that have explored the cerebral substrates of executive... more This review presents neuroimaging studies that have explored the cerebral substrates of executive functioning. These studies have demonstrated that different executive functions not only recruit various frontal areas but also depend upon posterior (mainly parietal) regions. These results are in accordance with the hypothesis that executive functioning relies on a distributed cerebral network that is not restricted to anterior cerebral areas. However, there exists an important heterogeneity in the cerebral areas associated with these different processes, and also between different tasks assessing the same process. Since these discrepant results could be due to the paradigms used (subtraction designs), recent results obtained with conjunction and interaction analyses are presented, which confirm the role of parietal areas in executive functioning and also demonstrate the existence of some specificity in the neural substrates of the executive processes of updating, shifting and inhibition. Finally, functional magnetic resonance imaging studies show that the activity in cerebral areas involved in executive tasks can be transient or sustained. Consequently, to better characterize the functional role of areas associated with executive functioning, it is important to take into account not only the localization of cerebral activity but also the temporal pattern of this activity.

Do attentional capacities and processing speed mediate the effect of age on executive functioning?

Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition, Jan 6, 2018

The executive processes are well known to decline with age, and similar data also exists for atte... more The executive processes are well known to decline with age, and similar data also exists for attentional capacities and processing speed. Therefore, we investigated whether these two last nonexecutive variables would mediate the effect of age on executive functions (inhibition, shifting, updating, and dual-task coordination). We administered a large battery of executive, attentional and processing speed tasks to 104 young and 71 older people, and we performed mediation analyses with variables showing a significant age effect. All executive and processing speed measures showed age-related effects while only the visual scanning task performance (selective attention) was explained by age when controlled for gender and educational level. Regarding mediation analyses, visual scanning partially mediated the age effect on updating while processing speed partially mediated the age effect on shifting, updating and dual-task coordination. In a more exploratory way, inhibition was also found t...

Social mind representation: Where does it fail in frontotemporal dementia?

Journal of cognitive …, 2007

& We aimed at investigating social disability and its cerebral correlates in frontotemporal demen... more & We aimed at investigating social disability and its cerebral correlates in frontotemporal dementia (FTD). To do so, we contrasted answers of patients with early-stage FTD and of their relatives on personality trait judgment and on behavior prediction in social and emotional situations. Such contrasts were compared to control contrasts calculated with answers of matched controls tested with their relatives. In addition, brain metabolism was measured in patients with positron emission tomography and the [ 18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose method. Patients turned out to be as accurate as controls in describing their relative's personality, but they failed to predict their relative's behavior in social and emotional circumstances. Concerning the self, patients were impaired both in current personality assessment and in prediction of their own behavior. Those two self-evaluation measures did not correlate. Only patients' anosognosia for social behavioral disability was found to be related to decreased metabolic activity in the left temporal pole. Such results suggest that anosognosia for social disability in FTD originates in impaired processing of emotional autobiographical information, leading to a self-representation that does not match current behavior. Moreover, we propose that perspective-taking disability participates in anosognosia, preventing patients from correcting their inaccurate self-representation based on their relative's perspective. &

Euphorisants légaux et nouvelles drogues de synthèse : enjeux et risques sanitaires

Psychotropes, Feb 17, 2015

Effect of parental socio-educational level on memory and attentional measures in children

La BREFA, Batterie Rapide d’Evaluation des Fonctions Attentionnelles chez l’enfant : données préliminaires

Evaluation de l’effet d’oubli induit à la récupération dans le vieillissement normal

Mémoire de travail et vieillissement normal

by Michael Hogge and Steve Majerus