The nationally strategic aim of the Nantwich Waterlogged Deposits project was to develop and test... more The nationally strategic aim of the Nantwich Waterlogged Deposits project was to develop and test a scientifically rigorous methodology for characterizing and monitoring the historic buried remains in urban waterlogged deposits so that bespoke management plans could be designed to secure the long-term conservation of such remains in ancient urban centres where this is viable
Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites, 2016
A baseline survey in 2007 characterized the physical and chemical conditions for preservation wit... more A baseline survey in 2007 characterized the physical and chemical conditions for preservation within waterlogged remains at Nantwich. Installation of eighteen dipwells has allowed a five-year monitoring programme to be conducted from 2011. Two add-on projects supplemented this monitoring programme by examining the different methods for redox measurement, and for soil moisture measurement using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR). Initial results show two main zones of preservation, with reducing conditions attributed to location of the deposits in the floodplain, and a second zone uphill with more variable conditions for preservation. This study shows that sediment-coring programmes combined with dipwell installations can provide useful data to assess and monitor in situ preservation conditions, which can help to formulate management strategies for conservation of waterlogged archaeological deposits. This paper focuses on the efficacy of the methodology, referencing in particular comparative monitoring techniques and lists a series of recommendations for future studies.
This paper describes two phases of investigation to characterize conditions that have led to pres... more This paper describes two phases of investigation to characterize conditions that have led to preservation of archaeological remains beneath the historic core of Nantwich. It discusses the different types of monitoring employed and the relative merits between methodologies for monitoring key indicators, and outline experimental methods for the application of gas monitoring. The Nantwich project is in the middle of a five year programme and therefore interpretations presented here are provisional, and are briefly compared to similar studies from York. The continuation of conditions that have preserved organic remains beneath these two historic centres for over a thousand years are now subject to threat due to various causes from the impact of the modern world, and the conclusions suggest that achieving long-term sustainability of preservation conditions will require a holistic approach from spatial planners, engineers, hydrologists and archaeologists.
This report details the importance of the salt industry to the town and people of Middlewich. It ... more This report details the importance of the salt industry to the town and people of Middlewich. It examines the many uses of salt, the geological background, technological developments in extraction and production, social history, and how problems of transportation led to the construction of three canals to the town, and a chronological framework for the development history of some famous names in chemical industries, It is fully referenced and was compiled as a resource for educational and research purposes. It is supported by photographs and historic maps
The nationally strategic aim of the Nantwich Waterlogged Deposits project was to develop and test... more The nationally strategic aim of the Nantwich Waterlogged Deposits project was to develop and test a scientifically rigorous methodology for characterizing and monitoring the historic buried remains in urban waterlogged deposits so that bespoke management plans could be designed to secure the long-term conservation of such remains in ancient urban centres where this is viable
Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites, 2016
A baseline survey in 2007 characterized the physical and chemical conditions for preservation wit... more A baseline survey in 2007 characterized the physical and chemical conditions for preservation within waterlogged remains at Nantwich. Installation of eighteen dipwells has allowed a five-year monitoring programme to be conducted from 2011. Two add-on projects supplemented this monitoring programme by examining the different methods for redox measurement, and for soil moisture measurement using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR). Initial results show two main zones of preservation, with reducing conditions attributed to location of the deposits in the floodplain, and a second zone uphill with more variable conditions for preservation. This study shows that sediment-coring programmes combined with dipwell installations can provide useful data to assess and monitor in situ preservation conditions, which can help to formulate management strategies for conservation of waterlogged archaeological deposits. This paper focuses on the efficacy of the methodology, referencing in particular comparative monitoring techniques and lists a series of recommendations for future studies.
This paper describes two phases of investigation to characterize conditions that have led to pres... more This paper describes two phases of investigation to characterize conditions that have led to preservation of archaeological remains beneath the historic core of Nantwich. It discusses the different types of monitoring employed and the relative merits between methodologies for monitoring key indicators, and outline experimental methods for the application of gas monitoring. The Nantwich project is in the middle of a five year programme and therefore interpretations presented here are provisional, and are briefly compared to similar studies from York. The continuation of conditions that have preserved organic remains beneath these two historic centres for over a thousand years are now subject to threat due to various causes from the impact of the modern world, and the conclusions suggest that achieving long-term sustainability of preservation conditions will require a holistic approach from spatial planners, engineers, hydrologists and archaeologists.
This report details the importance of the salt industry to the town and people of Middlewich. It ... more This report details the importance of the salt industry to the town and people of Middlewich. It examines the many uses of salt, the geological background, technological developments in extraction and production, social history, and how problems of transportation led to the construction of three canals to the town, and a chronological framework for the development history of some famous names in chemical industries, It is fully referenced and was compiled as a resource for educational and research purposes. It is supported by photographs and historic maps
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Papers by Mark Swain
of archaeological remains beneath the historic core of Nantwich. It discusses the different types
of monitoring employed and the relative merits between methodologies for monitoring key indicators,
and outline experimental methods for the application of gas monitoring. The Nantwich project is in the
middle of a five year programme and therefore interpretations presented here are provisional, and are
briefly compared to similar studies from York. The continuation of conditions that have preserved
organic remains beneath these two historic centres for over a thousand years are now subject to threat
due to various causes from the impact of the modern world, and the conclusions suggest that achieving
long-term sustainability of preservation conditions will require a holistic approach from spatial planners,
engineers, hydrologists and archaeologists.
of archaeological remains beneath the historic core of Nantwich. It discusses the different types
of monitoring employed and the relative merits between methodologies for monitoring key indicators,
and outline experimental methods for the application of gas monitoring. The Nantwich project is in the
middle of a five year programme and therefore interpretations presented here are provisional, and are
briefly compared to similar studies from York. The continuation of conditions that have preserved
organic remains beneath these two historic centres for over a thousand years are now subject to threat
due to various causes from the impact of the modern world, and the conclusions suggest that achieving
long-term sustainability of preservation conditions will require a holistic approach from spatial planners,
engineers, hydrologists and archaeologists.