In this chapter, we investigate the complex process of analyzing and understanding the factors th... more In this chapter, we investigate the complex process of analyzing and understanding the factors that influence individuals' access to and participation in digital education within the Higher Education context. While the digital transformation in Higher Education Institutions (HEI) has produced numerous benefits for both students and educators, it has also brought forth challenges, particularly for students with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND). A literature review was conducted, to gain insight into the specific requirements of this student demographic. This review aimed to identify the multifaceted factors that impact e-inclusion within Higher Education. Our research resulted in the identification of 24 different factors that should be considered when evaluating einclusion within HEI. These factors serve as essential indicators in the assessment of the accessibility and inclusivity of digital education, allowing for a more multifaceted understanding of the dynamics in the Higher Education landscape.
Despite efforts to promote digital inclusion for all, individuals with disabilities continue to e... more Despite efforts to promote digital inclusion for all, individuals with disabilities continue to experience a significant digital divide. Developing usable and accessible solutions also demands conducting user-based testing with real end users, particularly for users with disabilities, to detect and address real problems and barriers they experience and improve usability and accessibility based on their feedback through a user-centered approach. When including users with disabilities in user testing, additional attention must be paid to ensure that the testing is planned and carried out in such a way as to enable the successful and efficient integration of users with disabilities. In doing so, it is necessary to consider various restrictions related to users' disabilities. By conducting a systematic literature review, we collected and analyzed the challenges of including users with disabilities in user-based testing and best practices that researchers can apply in future user-based testing with users with disabilities. In the existing literature, a positive trend toward publishing articles describing testing with users with disabilities is noticeable. There is also an apparent need for more reporting on some phases of the testing studies. The main result of this study is a list of challenges and best practices that are important in the different phases of user-based testing with users with disabilities.
Despite efforts to promote digital inclusion for all, individuals with disabilities continue to e... more Despite efforts to promote digital inclusion for all, individuals with disabilities continue to experience a significant digital divide. Developing usable and accessible solutions also demands conducting user-based testing with real end users, particularly for users with disabilities, to detect and address real problems and barriers they experience and improve usability and accessibility based on their feedback through a user-centered approach. When including users with disabilities in user testing, additional attention must be paid to ensure that the testing is planned and carried out in such a way as to enable the successful and efficient integration of users with disabilities. In doing so, it is necessary to consider various restrictions related to users’ disabilities. By conducting a systematic literature review, we collected and analyzed the challenges of including users with disabilities in user-based testing and best practices that researchers can apply in future user-based t...
Področje optimizacije poslovnih procesov je pomembna a slabo podprta domena v slovenskih podjetji... more Področje optimizacije poslovnih procesov je pomembna a slabo podprta domena v slovenskih podjetjih, zato smo v prispevku naslovili to področje ter se osredotočili na analizo in predstavitev orodij, ki nudijo podporo optimizaciji procesov. Cilj prispevka je analizirati in predstaviti različna orodja, ki uporabnikom nudijo podporo pri razumevanju in preoblikovanju procesov. Ugotoviti smo želeli, katero izmed orodij nudi najboljšo podporo ter katere so ključne razlike med orodji. Dodatno smo želeli raziskati poznavanje analiziranih orodij in njihovo uporabo na oddelkih informatike v slovenskih podjetjih. Rezultati raziskav so pokazali, da se orodja med seboj razlikujejo glede na možnosti, ki jih ponujajo, ter notacije, ki jih podpirajo. Rezultati prav tako nakazujejo, da je poznavanje in uporaba orodij za optimizacijo poslovnih procesov v slovenskih podjetjih pomanjkljiva ter da slovenska podjetja poslovne procese redko sistematično optimizirajo.
There are different factors that can influence a learner's decision on how and when they will... more There are different factors that can influence a learner's decision on how and when they will use a particular, innovative e-learning technology. In the existing literature, there are many studies that deal with the identification of factors and their impact on a user's acceptance of e-learning technology. This paper demonstrates the results of a meta-analysis-a statistical synthesis method that provides the opportunity of viewing the research context by combining and analyzing the quantitative results of several independent empirical studies. The meta-analysis was conducted on the basis of empirical data gathered from 28 independent empirical studies in the field of e-learning acceptance. The meta-analysis provided strong evidence that perceived usefulness is the strongest predictor of a learner's adoption of an e-learning technology. INTRODUCTION E-learning is a way of learning that is supported by information communication technologies (ICT) and services, and that ...
To equip computers with human communication skills and to enable natural interaction between the ... more To equip computers with human communication skills and to enable natural interaction between the computer and a human, intelligent solutions are required based on artificial intelligence (AI) methods, algorithms, and sensor technology. This study aimed at identifying and analyzing the state-of-the-art AI methods and algorithms and sensors technology in existing human–computer intelligent interaction (HCII) research to explore trends in HCII research, categorize existing evidence, and identify potential directions for future research. We conduct a systematic mapping study of the HCII body of research. Four hundred fifty-four studies published in various journals and conferences between 2010 and 2021 were identified and analyzed. Studies in the HCII and IUI fields have primarily been focused on intelligent recognition of emotion, gestures, and facial expressions using sensors technology, such as the camera, EEG, Kinect, wearable sensors, eye tracker, gyroscope, and others. Researchers...
Contrary to the increasing popularity of JavaScript programming language in the field of web appl... more Contrary to the increasing popularity of JavaScript programming language in the field of web application development, the numerical expression of evidence about the quality of solutions developed in this language is still not reliable. Based on the preliminary literature review, which is the main subject of this paper, this area has not yet been fully explored. Measurement is done by application of general and object-oriented metrics, which can reflect only general characteristics of the solution, while the specifics related to the programming language are not expressible by existing metrics. Due to the popularity of the language and the increasing number of JavaScript projects, the idea is to determine appropriate metrics and approach to measurement for their application in practice. Finally, the measurement approach will be implemented in the SSQSA Framework to enable its application. The preliminary research presented in this paper was conducted during a student course of Empiric...
Quality assurance in software development is one of the key processes in any organization, where ... more Quality assurance in software development is one of the key processes in any organization, where Information Technology systems impact the realization of business processes significantly. For digitalization and informatization of business processes, organizations need to have a clear notion of their processes, which can be achieved by focusing on the evaluation, optimization, and continuous improvement of business processes, in addition to supporting software quality. The research addresses the problems of the financial business sector. More specifically, the frequently performed loan approval process and its existing information solution support. Reports have been made about existing risks, unexpected fallouts, resources wasted in the loan approval process and lack of quality information support. Therefore, the research focuses primarily on the possibilities to optimize the business process by analyzing and evaluating the process activities (measuring the quality of existing softwa...
The structure and content of XML schemas impacts significantly the quality of data respectively d... more The structure and content of XML schemas impacts significantly the quality of data respectively documents, defined by XML schemas. Attempts to evaluate the quality of XML schemas have been made, dividing them into six quality aspects: structure, transparency and documentation, optimality, minimalism, reuse and integrability. XML schema quality index was used to combine all the quality aspects and provide a general evaluation of XML schema quality in a specific domain, comparable with the quality of XML schemas from othe r domains. A quality estimation of an XML schema based on the quality index leads to a higher efficiency of its usage, simplification, more efficient maintenance and higher quality of data and processes. This paper addresses challenges in measuring the level of XML schema quality within the publishing domain, which deals with challenges of multimedia content presentation and transformation. Results of several XML schema evaluations from the publishing domain are pres...
The paper addresses and analyses Slovenian specifics in comparison with other European cities, tr... more The paper addresses and analyses Slovenian specifics in comparison with other European cities, trying to decide whether Slovenia is a suitable market for smart cities. Analyses were made based on two existing researches. The first one included the citizens’ opinions, based on a survey carried out by the European Statistical Office Eurostat, while the second one is based on an evaluation model that included several indicators divided into six categories, such as Smart Economy, Smart People, Smart Governance, Smart Mobility, Smart Environment, and Smart Living. The comparisons indicated that Slovenia has many things in common with other European cities; however, there are some differences which need to be taken into consideration when creating a smart city.
2019 42nd International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO), 2019
In the digital age, websites constitute an important source of gathering information. The website... more In the digital age, websites constitute an important source of gathering information. The website owners are responsible for providing the accessibility of their websites to all target groups of end users. This means that all web users can perceive, understand, navigate, interact and contribute to the Web. To ensure web accessibility, many concepts, guidelines and standards have been proposed, such as Section 508, Design for all, ISO/IEC 40500:2012, and others. This paper focuses on Web content accessibility guidelines (WCAG) and includes a comparative analysis of the accessibility of faculties’ websites between 2018 and 2019. Therefore, the objective of this research is to investigate the WCAG 2.0 compliance level of faculties’ websites in this time period. Web accessibility was assessed using an automatic evaluation tool, called the Web Accessibility Checker. Based on the results, recommendations for improving web accessibility are presented here.
Advancements in protocols, computing paradigms, and electronics have enabled the development of w... more Advancements in protocols, computing paradigms, and electronics have enabled the development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with high potential for various location-based applications in different fields. One of the most important topics in WSNs is the localization in environments with sensor nodes being scattered randomly over a region. Localization techniques are often challenged by localization latency, efficient energy consumption, accuracy, environmental factors, and others. The objective of this study was to improve the technique for detecting the nearest Bluetooth Low Energy sensor, which would enable the development of more efficient mobile applications for location advertising at fairs, exhibitions, and museums. The technique proposed in this study was based on the iBeacon protocol, and it was tested in a controlled room with three environmental settings regarding the density of obstacles, as well as in a real-world setting at the Expo Museum at Postojna in Slovenia. Th...
This paper demonstrates the results of our research activities, which investigated the positive a... more This paper demonstrates the results of our research activities, which investigated the positive and negative aspects of an e-learning system called Moodle. The research involved 235 students, providing us with unstructured answers about their opinions on what features are most important when using an e-learning system. The research focused on what students felt was missing and what they thought were the most important and beneficial features for an e-learning system used for on-line learning. Based on their answers, we conducted a qualitative analysis and identified the main factors that influenced the acceptance of e-learning systems. Based on the results of the qualitative analysis, we have proposed a theoretical acceptance model that could be used to measure the acceptance and use of an e-learning system.
Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, 2015
Contemporary information and communication technology is accelerating development of new and inno... more Contemporary information and communication technology is accelerating development of new and innovative ways for disseminating and sharing health information and knowledge between different healthcare institutions and users. Lately, several initiatives and technology innovations were introduced in the field of medical informatics. Researchers and practitioners are investing a lot of time and effort in research and development of standards for interoperable healthcare knowledge delivery and efficient healthcare KM. There are several challenges related to the healthcare KM that have to be addressed such as complexity and interoperability of healthcare information systems, impact of medical errors, patients’ data security, etc. In this paper, a case of integration of the RIS/PACS system with existing information systems in health centre Velenje is presented. Additionally, implementation of the teleradiology is presented together with an analysis of its impact on the radiology practice and cost savings.
This paper demonstrates the results of our research activities in which we validated state-of-the... more This paper demonstrates the results of our research activities in which we validated state-of-the-art theory of technology acceptance (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology - UTAUT) in the context of a specific e-learning system - Moodle. This research was performed because there is little research reported in the area of e-learning acceptance and there are only a few validations of UTAUT in the context of e-learning. Research objectives were achieved with an online survey in which we included Likert-based statements related to UTAUT concepts and concepts specific to e-learning systems. The survey was performed on a random sample of undergraduate students, who were asked about their level of agreement or disagreement related to their acceptance of Moodle. The answers from 235 students were primarily analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) which demonstrated the validity of concepts and the level of causal relationships between concepts. We found that performan...
In this chapter, we investigate the complex process of analyzing and understanding the factors th... more In this chapter, we investigate the complex process of analyzing and understanding the factors that influence individuals' access to and participation in digital education within the Higher Education context. While the digital transformation in Higher Education Institutions (HEI) has produced numerous benefits for both students and educators, it has also brought forth challenges, particularly for students with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND). A literature review was conducted, to gain insight into the specific requirements of this student demographic. This review aimed to identify the multifaceted factors that impact e-inclusion within Higher Education. Our research resulted in the identification of 24 different factors that should be considered when evaluating einclusion within HEI. These factors serve as essential indicators in the assessment of the accessibility and inclusivity of digital education, allowing for a more multifaceted understanding of the dynamics in the Higher Education landscape.
Despite efforts to promote digital inclusion for all, individuals with disabilities continue to e... more Despite efforts to promote digital inclusion for all, individuals with disabilities continue to experience a significant digital divide. Developing usable and accessible solutions also demands conducting user-based testing with real end users, particularly for users with disabilities, to detect and address real problems and barriers they experience and improve usability and accessibility based on their feedback through a user-centered approach. When including users with disabilities in user testing, additional attention must be paid to ensure that the testing is planned and carried out in such a way as to enable the successful and efficient integration of users with disabilities. In doing so, it is necessary to consider various restrictions related to users' disabilities. By conducting a systematic literature review, we collected and analyzed the challenges of including users with disabilities in user-based testing and best practices that researchers can apply in future user-based testing with users with disabilities. In the existing literature, a positive trend toward publishing articles describing testing with users with disabilities is noticeable. There is also an apparent need for more reporting on some phases of the testing studies. The main result of this study is a list of challenges and best practices that are important in the different phases of user-based testing with users with disabilities.
Despite efforts to promote digital inclusion for all, individuals with disabilities continue to e... more Despite efforts to promote digital inclusion for all, individuals with disabilities continue to experience a significant digital divide. Developing usable and accessible solutions also demands conducting user-based testing with real end users, particularly for users with disabilities, to detect and address real problems and barriers they experience and improve usability and accessibility based on their feedback through a user-centered approach. When including users with disabilities in user testing, additional attention must be paid to ensure that the testing is planned and carried out in such a way as to enable the successful and efficient integration of users with disabilities. In doing so, it is necessary to consider various restrictions related to users’ disabilities. By conducting a systematic literature review, we collected and analyzed the challenges of including users with disabilities in user-based testing and best practices that researchers can apply in future user-based t...
Področje optimizacije poslovnih procesov je pomembna a slabo podprta domena v slovenskih podjetji... more Področje optimizacije poslovnih procesov je pomembna a slabo podprta domena v slovenskih podjetjih, zato smo v prispevku naslovili to področje ter se osredotočili na analizo in predstavitev orodij, ki nudijo podporo optimizaciji procesov. Cilj prispevka je analizirati in predstaviti različna orodja, ki uporabnikom nudijo podporo pri razumevanju in preoblikovanju procesov. Ugotoviti smo želeli, katero izmed orodij nudi najboljšo podporo ter katere so ključne razlike med orodji. Dodatno smo želeli raziskati poznavanje analiziranih orodij in njihovo uporabo na oddelkih informatike v slovenskih podjetjih. Rezultati raziskav so pokazali, da se orodja med seboj razlikujejo glede na možnosti, ki jih ponujajo, ter notacije, ki jih podpirajo. Rezultati prav tako nakazujejo, da je poznavanje in uporaba orodij za optimizacijo poslovnih procesov v slovenskih podjetjih pomanjkljiva ter da slovenska podjetja poslovne procese redko sistematično optimizirajo.
There are different factors that can influence a learner's decision on how and when they will... more There are different factors that can influence a learner's decision on how and when they will use a particular, innovative e-learning technology. In the existing literature, there are many studies that deal with the identification of factors and their impact on a user's acceptance of e-learning technology. This paper demonstrates the results of a meta-analysis-a statistical synthesis method that provides the opportunity of viewing the research context by combining and analyzing the quantitative results of several independent empirical studies. The meta-analysis was conducted on the basis of empirical data gathered from 28 independent empirical studies in the field of e-learning acceptance. The meta-analysis provided strong evidence that perceived usefulness is the strongest predictor of a learner's adoption of an e-learning technology. INTRODUCTION E-learning is a way of learning that is supported by information communication technologies (ICT) and services, and that ...
To equip computers with human communication skills and to enable natural interaction between the ... more To equip computers with human communication skills and to enable natural interaction between the computer and a human, intelligent solutions are required based on artificial intelligence (AI) methods, algorithms, and sensor technology. This study aimed at identifying and analyzing the state-of-the-art AI methods and algorithms and sensors technology in existing human–computer intelligent interaction (HCII) research to explore trends in HCII research, categorize existing evidence, and identify potential directions for future research. We conduct a systematic mapping study of the HCII body of research. Four hundred fifty-four studies published in various journals and conferences between 2010 and 2021 were identified and analyzed. Studies in the HCII and IUI fields have primarily been focused on intelligent recognition of emotion, gestures, and facial expressions using sensors technology, such as the camera, EEG, Kinect, wearable sensors, eye tracker, gyroscope, and others. Researchers...
Contrary to the increasing popularity of JavaScript programming language in the field of web appl... more Contrary to the increasing popularity of JavaScript programming language in the field of web application development, the numerical expression of evidence about the quality of solutions developed in this language is still not reliable. Based on the preliminary literature review, which is the main subject of this paper, this area has not yet been fully explored. Measurement is done by application of general and object-oriented metrics, which can reflect only general characteristics of the solution, while the specifics related to the programming language are not expressible by existing metrics. Due to the popularity of the language and the increasing number of JavaScript projects, the idea is to determine appropriate metrics and approach to measurement for their application in practice. Finally, the measurement approach will be implemented in the SSQSA Framework to enable its application. The preliminary research presented in this paper was conducted during a student course of Empiric...
Quality assurance in software development is one of the key processes in any organization, where ... more Quality assurance in software development is one of the key processes in any organization, where Information Technology systems impact the realization of business processes significantly. For digitalization and informatization of business processes, organizations need to have a clear notion of their processes, which can be achieved by focusing on the evaluation, optimization, and continuous improvement of business processes, in addition to supporting software quality. The research addresses the problems of the financial business sector. More specifically, the frequently performed loan approval process and its existing information solution support. Reports have been made about existing risks, unexpected fallouts, resources wasted in the loan approval process and lack of quality information support. Therefore, the research focuses primarily on the possibilities to optimize the business process by analyzing and evaluating the process activities (measuring the quality of existing softwa...
The structure and content of XML schemas impacts significantly the quality of data respectively d... more The structure and content of XML schemas impacts significantly the quality of data respectively documents, defined by XML schemas. Attempts to evaluate the quality of XML schemas have been made, dividing them into six quality aspects: structure, transparency and documentation, optimality, minimalism, reuse and integrability. XML schema quality index was used to combine all the quality aspects and provide a general evaluation of XML schema quality in a specific domain, comparable with the quality of XML schemas from othe r domains. A quality estimation of an XML schema based on the quality index leads to a higher efficiency of its usage, simplification, more efficient maintenance and higher quality of data and processes. This paper addresses challenges in measuring the level of XML schema quality within the publishing domain, which deals with challenges of multimedia content presentation and transformation. Results of several XML schema evaluations from the publishing domain are pres...
The paper addresses and analyses Slovenian specifics in comparison with other European cities, tr... more The paper addresses and analyses Slovenian specifics in comparison with other European cities, trying to decide whether Slovenia is a suitable market for smart cities. Analyses were made based on two existing researches. The first one included the citizens’ opinions, based on a survey carried out by the European Statistical Office Eurostat, while the second one is based on an evaluation model that included several indicators divided into six categories, such as Smart Economy, Smart People, Smart Governance, Smart Mobility, Smart Environment, and Smart Living. The comparisons indicated that Slovenia has many things in common with other European cities; however, there are some differences which need to be taken into consideration when creating a smart city.
2019 42nd International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO), 2019
In the digital age, websites constitute an important source of gathering information. The website... more In the digital age, websites constitute an important source of gathering information. The website owners are responsible for providing the accessibility of their websites to all target groups of end users. This means that all web users can perceive, understand, navigate, interact and contribute to the Web. To ensure web accessibility, many concepts, guidelines and standards have been proposed, such as Section 508, Design for all, ISO/IEC 40500:2012, and others. This paper focuses on Web content accessibility guidelines (WCAG) and includes a comparative analysis of the accessibility of faculties’ websites between 2018 and 2019. Therefore, the objective of this research is to investigate the WCAG 2.0 compliance level of faculties’ websites in this time period. Web accessibility was assessed using an automatic evaluation tool, called the Web Accessibility Checker. Based on the results, recommendations for improving web accessibility are presented here.
Advancements in protocols, computing paradigms, and electronics have enabled the development of w... more Advancements in protocols, computing paradigms, and electronics have enabled the development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with high potential for various location-based applications in different fields. One of the most important topics in WSNs is the localization in environments with sensor nodes being scattered randomly over a region. Localization techniques are often challenged by localization latency, efficient energy consumption, accuracy, environmental factors, and others. The objective of this study was to improve the technique for detecting the nearest Bluetooth Low Energy sensor, which would enable the development of more efficient mobile applications for location advertising at fairs, exhibitions, and museums. The technique proposed in this study was based on the iBeacon protocol, and it was tested in a controlled room with three environmental settings regarding the density of obstacles, as well as in a real-world setting at the Expo Museum at Postojna in Slovenia. Th...
This paper demonstrates the results of our research activities, which investigated the positive a... more This paper demonstrates the results of our research activities, which investigated the positive and negative aspects of an e-learning system called Moodle. The research involved 235 students, providing us with unstructured answers about their opinions on what features are most important when using an e-learning system. The research focused on what students felt was missing and what they thought were the most important and beneficial features for an e-learning system used for on-line learning. Based on their answers, we conducted a qualitative analysis and identified the main factors that influenced the acceptance of e-learning systems. Based on the results of the qualitative analysis, we have proposed a theoretical acceptance model that could be used to measure the acceptance and use of an e-learning system.
Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, 2015
Contemporary information and communication technology is accelerating development of new and inno... more Contemporary information and communication technology is accelerating development of new and innovative ways for disseminating and sharing health information and knowledge between different healthcare institutions and users. Lately, several initiatives and technology innovations were introduced in the field of medical informatics. Researchers and practitioners are investing a lot of time and effort in research and development of standards for interoperable healthcare knowledge delivery and efficient healthcare KM. There are several challenges related to the healthcare KM that have to be addressed such as complexity and interoperability of healthcare information systems, impact of medical errors, patients’ data security, etc. In this paper, a case of integration of the RIS/PACS system with existing information systems in health centre Velenje is presented. Additionally, implementation of the teleradiology is presented together with an analysis of its impact on the radiology practice and cost savings.
This paper demonstrates the results of our research activities in which we validated state-of-the... more This paper demonstrates the results of our research activities in which we validated state-of-the-art theory of technology acceptance (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology - UTAUT) in the context of a specific e-learning system - Moodle. This research was performed because there is little research reported in the area of e-learning acceptance and there are only a few validations of UTAUT in the context of e-learning. Research objectives were achieved with an online survey in which we included Likert-based statements related to UTAUT concepts and concepts specific to e-learning systems. The survey was performed on a random sample of undergraduate students, who were asked about their level of agreement or disagreement related to their acceptance of Moodle. The answers from 235 students were primarily analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) which demonstrated the validity of concepts and the level of causal relationships between concepts. We found that performan...
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