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Analysis of genetic variability in regenerated and germinated plantlets of ten indica rice genoty... more Analysis of genetic variability in regenerated and germinated plantlets of ten indica rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.) using RAPD marker. Agrochimica, 56(1): 55-64.
The experiment was conducted at the research plot of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University farm, ... more The experiment was conducted at the research plot of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University farm, Dhaka during the period from February, 2017 to June, 2017 to study the effect of potassium levels and weed control methods on the growth and yield of mungbean. The treatment consisted of three potassium level viz. K0= Control (No Potassium), K1 = Recommended dose of Potassium (R), K2 = 30% increased of R and four weed control methods viz., W0 = No weeding (control), W1 = One hand weeding at 15 days after sowing (DAS), W2 = Two hand weeding at 15 DAS and 30 DAS, W3 = One paraxon spray at 15 DAS. The experiment was laid out in a two factors split plot design with three replications. The seeds of BARI mung6 variety were the test materials. The highest plant height (16.98, 27.71, 37.92, 43.35 and 45.30 cm at 15, 25, 35, 45 and 55 DAS, respectively), number of branch (4.51, 7.26, 9.48, 10.09 and 10.54 cm at 15, 25, 35, 45, and 55 DAS, respectively), number of leaflets (6.04, 11.90, 14.55, 16....
An experiment was carried out to study the effect of IAA and NAA on mycelia, colony proliferation... more An experiment was carried out to study the effect of IAA and NAA on mycelia, colony proliferation of Milky mushroom and varietal performance of different mushroom varieties on different media. The MEA medium supplemented with 5 mgL 1 IAA gave highest mycelial growth (8.20 cm) and lowest (6.50 cm) with 20 mgL 1 at 21 DAI; NAA at 10 rng1:1 gave the best mycelial growth (8.10 cm) and poor (6.90 cm) with 5 mgl....1.at 21 DAI. In case of combined effect, 5 mgl.:1 IAA + 10 mgC NAA performed highest for mycelia! growth (8.80 cm), while the lowest (6.80 cm) with 20 mg!....1 IAA + 5 mgl..-1 NAA at 21 DAI. The highest mycelial colony diameter (10.50 cm) was found in Milky mushroom with YPDA media whereas, the lowest (4.667 cm) was found in Button mushroom with PDA media at 21 DAI. Among the three varieties and media, Milky mushroom and YPDA medium performed best in mycelial colony proliferation of mushroom.
Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 2020
The present investigation was carried out to study the in vitro regeneration in Rucola. Different... more The present investigation was carried out to study the in vitro regeneration in Rucola. Different concentrations and combinations of BA and IBA were used for regeneration of root and shoot in rucola. Cotyledonary nodes were used as explants. The highest number of shoots (4.60) and leaves (6.4) were recorded in treatment 4.0 mg/l BA with minimum (9.00) days. The maximum days (14.00) was noticed in a simple MS medium to regenerate lower no. of shoots. The treatment BA 4.0 mg/l produced the highest number of the main root (4.60) while it was lowest in the control treatment. The highest number of shoot (3.40) was noticed from the BA 4.0 mg/l + IBA 3.0 mg/l. The treatment BA 4.0 mg/l+ IBA 4.0 mg/l gave the highest number of leaves (11.00) and maximum number of roots (3.60). The regenerated plantlet was acclimatized in natural pot and soil conditions. Finally, a convenient protocol technique has been established for in vitro regeneration of rucola, which can be used for large scale plantlet production.
Plants were regenerated by somatic embryogenesis from long-term callus cultures derived from five... more Plants were regenerated by somatic embryogenesis from long-term callus cultures derived from five garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivars. Thirty-five of these plants were subjected to RAPD analysis. The frequency of variation was found to be cultivar dependent: approximately 1% in the two clones Solent White and California Late and around 0.35% in another three clones, Chinese, Long Keeper and Madena. Certain band changes were found in regenerants of different cultivars, suggesting the existence of a mutation-sensitive part of the garlic genome. The karyotypes of another 75 regenerants derived from the same callus cultures of three parental garlic clones were examined. Of these plants, 9.3% were found to be tetraploids, 4% aneuploid and 2.6% showed a change in the position of the secondary constriction. No association could be shown between the rate of variation for molecular and cytological characters either by comparing cultivars or examining individual regenerants.
... Page 6. Regeneration of potato a b Plate 2. (a) Showing plantlets form internodal segment der... more ... Page 6. Regeneration of potato a b Plate 2. (a) Showing plantlets form internodal segment derived calli of Heera with 6.0 mgl-1 BAP (b) Showing plantlets form leaf segment derived calli of lalpakri with 2.0 mgl-1 BAP ... 50(3-4): 199-202. Ghaffoor A, Shah GB & Waseem K. 2003. ...
The present research was conducted to assess the interaction of growth regulators and genotypes o... more The present research was conducted to assess the interaction of growth regulators and genotypes on in vitro regeneration from root tips explants of local and exotic cultivars of garlic. Root tips were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different combinations of NAA and BAP. Among those combinations 1.0 mgl-1 NNA and 4.0 mg1-1 BAP was found to be the best hormonal supplement for the highest percentage of shoot regeneration (67.33%) in Chinese genotype. Chinese genotype had higher number (5.50) of longer shoots than the local genotypes. Rooting performance was also better in Chinese genotype.
Explants of nodal and root segments of bitter gourd were cultured on MS supplemented with various... more Explants of nodal and root segments of bitter gourd were cultured on MS supplemented with various concentrations of BAP in combination with either 2,4-D or NAA. Nodal segments produced the highest percentage (93.75) of callus in MS supplemented with 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/l BAP whereas, root segments produced the highest (85.00%) callus in 0.6 mg/l NAA and 2.5 mg/l BAP combination. A combination of 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/l BAP exhibited 75.00% shoot regeneration from nodal segments. The highest shoot length (5.15 cm) was recorded with 2.5 mg/l BAP and 0.2 mg/l IAA from nodal segments. No sign of regeneration of shoot was found from root segments in any of the combinations. However, some combinations produced only roots. Key words: In vitro propagation, bitter gourd, nodal segments, Root segments D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4916 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 45-52, 2009 (June)
The experiments were conducted at the Mushroom and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Horticulture Demons... more The experiments were conducted at the Mushroom and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Horticulture Demonstration and Training Center (HDTC), DAE, Keyotkhali, Mymensingh during the period from February to May 2006. Oyster mushroom was cultivated on different substrates viz. paddy straw, sugarcane bagasse and mustard straw using cylindrical block system to find out suitable substrate. Different substrates significantly affected the number of primordia and fruiting bodies, and the amount of fresh weight or yield of Oyster mushroom in cylindrical block system. The highest number of primordia and fruiting bodies, and the amount of fresh weight was obtained with sugarcane bagasse in all flushes whereas, the lowest with mustard straw.
The experiment was conducted to study the shelf life and quality as affected by different stages ... more The experiment was conducted to study the shelf life and quality as affected by different stages of ripening, storage temperature as well as wrapping materials fruits of guava cv. Kazi. All the studied parameters except marketability increased for a certain storage period and then declined due to the effect of stages of ripening and wrapping materials (perforated and non perforated white and black polythene bag), while in case of storage temperature, there was gradual increase of physiological weight loss, sugar content (reducing, non-reducing and total sugar) and TSS content. Marketability decreased markedly with the advancement of storage period. All stages of ripening and all wrapping materials were able to keep fruits in marketable condition for 36 days of storage period. But fruits were in better marketable condition when harvested at stage 3 (ripe, yellowish green in colour and crispy pulp) or wrapped with black non-perforated polythene. 5ºC storage temperature, was able to re...
Genetic divergence of 40 lime accessions was estimated using D2 and principal component analysis.... more Genetic divergence of 40 lime accessions was estimated using D2 and principal component analysis. The genotypes under study fell into 6 clusters. The distribution pattern indicated that the maximum number of genotypes were included in cluster III and the minimum number in cluster VI. The inter cluster distance in most of the cases were higher than the intra cluster distance indicating wider genetic diversity among the accessions of different groups. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and III (1568.51) followed by cluster II and VI (1223.72) showing wide diversity among the groups. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed for the cluster III and the lowest for the cluster VI. Leaf area and number of stamen showed maximum contribution towards total divergence among the genotypes.
Experiments were performed with mature embryos of four rice mutants for in vitro callus induction... more Experiments were performed with mature embryos of four rice mutants for in vitro callus induction and plant regeneration. Different concentrations of 2,4-D and BAP combined, Kn and NAA combined and MET were used to assess their effects on induction of callus, shoot and roots. Given concentrations of 2,4-D with BAP and rice mutants in vitro cultures showed that Y-1281 and Atomita-4 had produced the highest percentages of callus at 2 mgl-1 2,4-D with 0.5 mgl-1 BAP in both light and dark conditions. Similar results were obtained in terms of concentrations and genotypes when 2,4-D and BAP were used together. Combined 2,4-D and BAP treatments showed significantly higher callusing under light conditions (90%). For shoot and root regenerations, once again the mutant genotype Y-1281 produced the highest percentages of shoots and roots and it also showed highest root length. And 11 mgl-1 2,4-D, 0.5 mgl-1 NAA combined and 2.5 mgl-1 MET concentration resulted significantly the highest shoot an...
The present investigation was carried out to study the in vitro regeneration in chrysanthemum. MS... more The present investigation was carried out to study the in vitro regeneration in chrysanthemum. MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of BA and IAA for regeneration and multiple shoot formations. Nodal segments were used as explants. The shoot induction percentage was highest (76%) in the treatment BA 2.0 mg/l+ IAA 1.0 mg/l. The same combination regenerated the highest number of shoot (3.40) with minimum (7.60) days. The maximum days (15.80) was noticed in a simple MS medium. The highest number of leaf (11.60) was observed in the treatment of 3.0 mg/l BA+ 1.0 mg/l IAA. The treatment BA 2.0 mg/l + IAA 1.0 mg/l produced the highest number of main root (4.20) while it was lowest in the control treatment. A robust and healthy plantlet was regenerated within 28 days of subculture in the treatment BA 2.0 mg/l + IAA 1.0 mg/l. The regenerated plantlet was acclimatized in natural pot and soil conditions. An approximate 75% plantlet was established in both systems. Finally, a convenient protocol technique has been established for in vitro regeneration of chrysanthemum which can be used for large scale plantlet production in chrysanthemum.
Genetic divergence of 40 lime accessions was estimated using D 2 and principal component analysis... more Genetic divergence of 40 lime accessions was estimated using D 2 and principal component analysis. The genotypes under study fell into 6 clusters. The distribution pattern indicated that the maximum number of genotypes were included in cluster III and the minimum number in cluster VI. The inter cluster distance in most of the cases were higher than the intra cluster distance indicating wider genetic diversity among the accessions of different groups. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and III (1568.51) followed by cluster II and VI (1223.72) showing wide diversity among the groups. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed for the cluster III and the lowest for the cluster VI. Leaf area and number of stamen showed maximum contribution towards total divergence among the genotypes.
Eight of the regenerated plants were subjected to evaluate somaclonal variation by RAPD markers. ... more Eight of the regenerated plants were subjected to evaluate somaclonal variation by RAPD markers. The frequency of variation was found to be cultivar dependent: approximately 1.5% in Chinese clonses and around 3.17% in local clones. Among the observed number of alleles (1.3824) effective number of alleles was 1.3213. The estimate of Nei's (1972) genetic diversity across all varieties for all loci studies was 0.1691 with the standard deviation of 0.2272 and Shannon's Information Index was 0.2407. The values of genetic distance between varieties were ranged from 0.0000 to 0.4353. Comparatively higher genetic distance was observed in Chinese clone 1 , Chinese clone 2 , Chinese clone 3 vs local clone 1 . The lowest genetic distance (0.0000) was found in local clone 3 vs local clone 3 and Chinese clone 1 & Chinese clone 2 and also Chinese clone 2 & Chinese clone 3 . Certain changes were found in regenerants of both genotypes, suggesting the existence of a mutation-sensitive part of the garlic genome during in vitro culture. No association could be shown between the rate of variation for molecular characters either by comparing cultivars or examining individual regenerants.
Analysis of genetic variability in regenerated and germinated plantlets of ten indica rice genoty... more Analysis of genetic variability in regenerated and germinated plantlets of ten indica rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.) using RAPD marker. Agrochimica, 56(1): 55-64.
The experiment was conducted at the research plot of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University farm, ... more The experiment was conducted at the research plot of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University farm, Dhaka during the period from February, 2017 to June, 2017 to study the effect of potassium levels and weed control methods on the growth and yield of mungbean. The treatment consisted of three potassium level viz. K0= Control (No Potassium), K1 = Recommended dose of Potassium (R), K2 = 30% increased of R and four weed control methods viz., W0 = No weeding (control), W1 = One hand weeding at 15 days after sowing (DAS), W2 = Two hand weeding at 15 DAS and 30 DAS, W3 = One paraxon spray at 15 DAS. The experiment was laid out in a two factors split plot design with three replications. The seeds of BARI mung6 variety were the test materials. The highest plant height (16.98, 27.71, 37.92, 43.35 and 45.30 cm at 15, 25, 35, 45 and 55 DAS, respectively), number of branch (4.51, 7.26, 9.48, 10.09 and 10.54 cm at 15, 25, 35, 45, and 55 DAS, respectively), number of leaflets (6.04, 11.90, 14.55, 16....
An experiment was carried out to study the effect of IAA and NAA on mycelia, colony proliferation... more An experiment was carried out to study the effect of IAA and NAA on mycelia, colony proliferation of Milky mushroom and varietal performance of different mushroom varieties on different media. The MEA medium supplemented with 5 mgL 1 IAA gave highest mycelial growth (8.20 cm) and lowest (6.50 cm) with 20 mgL 1 at 21 DAI; NAA at 10 rng1:1 gave the best mycelial growth (8.10 cm) and poor (6.90 cm) with 5 mgl....1.at 21 DAI. In case of combined effect, 5 mgl.:1 IAA + 10 mgC NAA performed highest for mycelia! growth (8.80 cm), while the lowest (6.80 cm) with 20 mg!....1 IAA + 5 mgl..-1 NAA at 21 DAI. The highest mycelial colony diameter (10.50 cm) was found in Milky mushroom with YPDA media whereas, the lowest (4.667 cm) was found in Button mushroom with PDA media at 21 DAI. Among the three varieties and media, Milky mushroom and YPDA medium performed best in mycelial colony proliferation of mushroom.
Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 2020
The present investigation was carried out to study the in vitro regeneration in Rucola. Different... more The present investigation was carried out to study the in vitro regeneration in Rucola. Different concentrations and combinations of BA and IBA were used for regeneration of root and shoot in rucola. Cotyledonary nodes were used as explants. The highest number of shoots (4.60) and leaves (6.4) were recorded in treatment 4.0 mg/l BA with minimum (9.00) days. The maximum days (14.00) was noticed in a simple MS medium to regenerate lower no. of shoots. The treatment BA 4.0 mg/l produced the highest number of the main root (4.60) while it was lowest in the control treatment. The highest number of shoot (3.40) was noticed from the BA 4.0 mg/l + IBA 3.0 mg/l. The treatment BA 4.0 mg/l+ IBA 4.0 mg/l gave the highest number of leaves (11.00) and maximum number of roots (3.60). The regenerated plantlet was acclimatized in natural pot and soil conditions. Finally, a convenient protocol technique has been established for in vitro regeneration of rucola, which can be used for large scale plantlet production.
Plants were regenerated by somatic embryogenesis from long-term callus cultures derived from five... more Plants were regenerated by somatic embryogenesis from long-term callus cultures derived from five garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivars. Thirty-five of these plants were subjected to RAPD analysis. The frequency of variation was found to be cultivar dependent: approximately 1% in the two clones Solent White and California Late and around 0.35% in another three clones, Chinese, Long Keeper and Madena. Certain band changes were found in regenerants of different cultivars, suggesting the existence of a mutation-sensitive part of the garlic genome. The karyotypes of another 75 regenerants derived from the same callus cultures of three parental garlic clones were examined. Of these plants, 9.3% were found to be tetraploids, 4% aneuploid and 2.6% showed a change in the position of the secondary constriction. No association could be shown between the rate of variation for molecular and cytological characters either by comparing cultivars or examining individual regenerants.
... Page 6. Regeneration of potato a b Plate 2. (a) Showing plantlets form internodal segment der... more ... Page 6. Regeneration of potato a b Plate 2. (a) Showing plantlets form internodal segment derived calli of Heera with 6.0 mgl-1 BAP (b) Showing plantlets form leaf segment derived calli of lalpakri with 2.0 mgl-1 BAP ... 50(3-4): 199-202. Ghaffoor A, Shah GB & Waseem K. 2003. ...
The present research was conducted to assess the interaction of growth regulators and genotypes o... more The present research was conducted to assess the interaction of growth regulators and genotypes on in vitro regeneration from root tips explants of local and exotic cultivars of garlic. Root tips were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different combinations of NAA and BAP. Among those combinations 1.0 mgl-1 NNA and 4.0 mg1-1 BAP was found to be the best hormonal supplement for the highest percentage of shoot regeneration (67.33%) in Chinese genotype. Chinese genotype had higher number (5.50) of longer shoots than the local genotypes. Rooting performance was also better in Chinese genotype.
Explants of nodal and root segments of bitter gourd were cultured on MS supplemented with various... more Explants of nodal and root segments of bitter gourd were cultured on MS supplemented with various concentrations of BAP in combination with either 2,4-D or NAA. Nodal segments produced the highest percentage (93.75) of callus in MS supplemented with 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/l BAP whereas, root segments produced the highest (85.00%) callus in 0.6 mg/l NAA and 2.5 mg/l BAP combination. A combination of 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/l BAP exhibited 75.00% shoot regeneration from nodal segments. The highest shoot length (5.15 cm) was recorded with 2.5 mg/l BAP and 0.2 mg/l IAA from nodal segments. No sign of regeneration of shoot was found from root segments in any of the combinations. However, some combinations produced only roots. Key words: In vitro propagation, bitter gourd, nodal segments, Root segments D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4916 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 45-52, 2009 (June)
The experiments were conducted at the Mushroom and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Horticulture Demons... more The experiments were conducted at the Mushroom and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Horticulture Demonstration and Training Center (HDTC), DAE, Keyotkhali, Mymensingh during the period from February to May 2006. Oyster mushroom was cultivated on different substrates viz. paddy straw, sugarcane bagasse and mustard straw using cylindrical block system to find out suitable substrate. Different substrates significantly affected the number of primordia and fruiting bodies, and the amount of fresh weight or yield of Oyster mushroom in cylindrical block system. The highest number of primordia and fruiting bodies, and the amount of fresh weight was obtained with sugarcane bagasse in all flushes whereas, the lowest with mustard straw.
The experiment was conducted to study the shelf life and quality as affected by different stages ... more The experiment was conducted to study the shelf life and quality as affected by different stages of ripening, storage temperature as well as wrapping materials fruits of guava cv. Kazi. All the studied parameters except marketability increased for a certain storage period and then declined due to the effect of stages of ripening and wrapping materials (perforated and non perforated white and black polythene bag), while in case of storage temperature, there was gradual increase of physiological weight loss, sugar content (reducing, non-reducing and total sugar) and TSS content. Marketability decreased markedly with the advancement of storage period. All stages of ripening and all wrapping materials were able to keep fruits in marketable condition for 36 days of storage period. But fruits were in better marketable condition when harvested at stage 3 (ripe, yellowish green in colour and crispy pulp) or wrapped with black non-perforated polythene. 5ºC storage temperature, was able to re...
Genetic divergence of 40 lime accessions was estimated using D2 and principal component analysis.... more Genetic divergence of 40 lime accessions was estimated using D2 and principal component analysis. The genotypes under study fell into 6 clusters. The distribution pattern indicated that the maximum number of genotypes were included in cluster III and the minimum number in cluster VI. The inter cluster distance in most of the cases were higher than the intra cluster distance indicating wider genetic diversity among the accessions of different groups. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and III (1568.51) followed by cluster II and VI (1223.72) showing wide diversity among the groups. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed for the cluster III and the lowest for the cluster VI. Leaf area and number of stamen showed maximum contribution towards total divergence among the genotypes.
Experiments were performed with mature embryos of four rice mutants for in vitro callus induction... more Experiments were performed with mature embryos of four rice mutants for in vitro callus induction and plant regeneration. Different concentrations of 2,4-D and BAP combined, Kn and NAA combined and MET were used to assess their effects on induction of callus, shoot and roots. Given concentrations of 2,4-D with BAP and rice mutants in vitro cultures showed that Y-1281 and Atomita-4 had produced the highest percentages of callus at 2 mgl-1 2,4-D with 0.5 mgl-1 BAP in both light and dark conditions. Similar results were obtained in terms of concentrations and genotypes when 2,4-D and BAP were used together. Combined 2,4-D and BAP treatments showed significantly higher callusing under light conditions (90%). For shoot and root regenerations, once again the mutant genotype Y-1281 produced the highest percentages of shoots and roots and it also showed highest root length. And 11 mgl-1 2,4-D, 0.5 mgl-1 NAA combined and 2.5 mgl-1 MET concentration resulted significantly the highest shoot an...
The present investigation was carried out to study the in vitro regeneration in chrysanthemum. MS... more The present investigation was carried out to study the in vitro regeneration in chrysanthemum. MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of BA and IAA for regeneration and multiple shoot formations. Nodal segments were used as explants. The shoot induction percentage was highest (76%) in the treatment BA 2.0 mg/l+ IAA 1.0 mg/l. The same combination regenerated the highest number of shoot (3.40) with minimum (7.60) days. The maximum days (15.80) was noticed in a simple MS medium. The highest number of leaf (11.60) was observed in the treatment of 3.0 mg/l BA+ 1.0 mg/l IAA. The treatment BA 2.0 mg/l + IAA 1.0 mg/l produced the highest number of main root (4.20) while it was lowest in the control treatment. A robust and healthy plantlet was regenerated within 28 days of subculture in the treatment BA 2.0 mg/l + IAA 1.0 mg/l. The regenerated plantlet was acclimatized in natural pot and soil conditions. An approximate 75% plantlet was established in both systems. Finally, a convenient protocol technique has been established for in vitro regeneration of chrysanthemum which can be used for large scale plantlet production in chrysanthemum.
Genetic divergence of 40 lime accessions was estimated using D 2 and principal component analysis... more Genetic divergence of 40 lime accessions was estimated using D 2 and principal component analysis. The genotypes under study fell into 6 clusters. The distribution pattern indicated that the maximum number of genotypes were included in cluster III and the minimum number in cluster VI. The inter cluster distance in most of the cases were higher than the intra cluster distance indicating wider genetic diversity among the accessions of different groups. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and III (1568.51) followed by cluster II and VI (1223.72) showing wide diversity among the groups. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed for the cluster III and the lowest for the cluster VI. Leaf area and number of stamen showed maximum contribution towards total divergence among the genotypes.
Eight of the regenerated plants were subjected to evaluate somaclonal variation by RAPD markers. ... more Eight of the regenerated plants were subjected to evaluate somaclonal variation by RAPD markers. The frequency of variation was found to be cultivar dependent: approximately 1.5% in Chinese clonses and around 3.17% in local clones. Among the observed number of alleles (1.3824) effective number of alleles was 1.3213. The estimate of Nei's (1972) genetic diversity across all varieties for all loci studies was 0.1691 with the standard deviation of 0.2272 and Shannon's Information Index was 0.2407. The values of genetic distance between varieties were ranged from 0.0000 to 0.4353. Comparatively higher genetic distance was observed in Chinese clone 1 , Chinese clone 2 , Chinese clone 3 vs local clone 1 . The lowest genetic distance (0.0000) was found in local clone 3 vs local clone 3 and Chinese clone 1 & Chinese clone 2 and also Chinese clone 2 & Chinese clone 3 . Certain changes were found in regenerants of both genotypes, suggesting the existence of a mutation-sensitive part of the garlic genome during in vitro culture. No association could be shown between the rate of variation for molecular characters either by comparing cultivars or examining individual regenerants.
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