Papers by Luis Ramos-izquierdo
2008 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, 2008
Optical Engineering, 1991
A lidar system is described that measures laser pulse time-offlight and the distortion of the pul... more A lidar system is described that measures laser pulse time-offlight and the distortion of the pulse waveform for reflection from Earth surface terrain features. This instrument system is mounted on a.
Applied Optics, 2008
A compact, highly robust airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) that provides measurement... more A compact, highly robust airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) that provides measurements of aerosol backscatter and extinction coefficients and aerosol depolarization at two wavelengths has been developed, tested, and deployed on nine field experiments (over 650 flight hours). A unique and advantageous design element of the HSRL system is the ability to radiometrically calibrate the instrument internally, eliminating any reliance on vicarious calibration from atmospheric targets for which aerosol loading must be estimated. This paper discusses the design of the airborne HSRL, the internal calibration and accuracy of the instrument, data products produced, and observations and calibration data from the first two field missions: the Joint Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment-Phase B (IN-TEX-B)/Megacity Aerosol Experiment-Mexico City (MAX-Mex)/Megacities Impacts on Regional and Global Environment (MILAGRO) field mission (hereafter MILAGRO) and the Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study/Texas Air Quality Study II (hereafter GoMACCS/TexAQS II).
Micro (MEMS) and Nanotechnologies for Space Applications, 2006
This paper presents the design, analysis, and testing of a diffractive optical element (DOE) to b... more This paper presents the design, analysis, and testing of a diffractive optical element (DOE) to be part of the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) instrument scheduled to launch in 2008. LOLA will be one of six instruments to orbit the Moon for a year or more as part of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO). The various scientific instruments aboard the
Lidar Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring VI, 2005
For space-based lidar applications, conductively cooled lasers have been identified as a critical... more For space-based lidar applications, conductively cooled lasers have been identified as a critical technology for high energy, 2-micron laser transmitter. Effective thermal management is a challenge for high-energy, 2-micon lasers. In this paper, the design of a totally conductively cooled, diode pumped, 2-micron laser amplifier is presented. Based on the successful testing of a conductively cooled oscillator, concepts for a
Solid State Lasers XIX: Technology and Devices, 2010
We discuss past, present and future spaceborne laser instruments for high-resolution mapping of E... more We discuss past, present and future spaceborne laser instruments for high-resolution mapping of Earth and planetary surfaces. Previous spaceborne-laser-altimeters projected and imaged a single laser spot for surface-height measurements. In contrast, the recent Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) instrument on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) uses a non-scanning multi-beam system for surface topography mapping. The multi-beam instrument facilitates surface slope
In this paper we will discuss our progress in a three-year Instrument Incubator Program (IIP) fun... more In this paper we will discuss our progress in a three-year Instrument Incubator Program (IIP) funded by NASA Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO) on swath mapping laser altimetry system. The IIP began in 2009 and we are at the end of the second year. This paper will discuss the system approach, instrument development and enabling technologies for swath mapping laser
This paper addresses the requirements for testing and characterizing spaceborne laser altimeter s... more This paper addresses the requirements for testing and characterizing spaceborne laser altimeter systems. The Bench Checkout Equipment (BCE) system, test requirements, and flow-down traceability from the instrument system's functional requirements will also be presented. Mars Observer Laser Altimeter (MOLA) and the MOLA BCE are presented as representative of a 'typical' laser altimeter and its corresponding test system. The testing requirements
Water vapor and aerosols are important atmospheric constituents. Knowledge of the structure of wa... more Water vapor and aerosols are important atmospheric constituents. Knowledge of the structure of water vapor is important in understanding convective development, atmospheric stability, the interaction of the atmosphere with the surface, and energy feedback mechanisms and how they relate to global warming calculations. The Raman Lidar group at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) developed an advanced Raman Lidar
Laser altimetry provides a high-resolution, high-accuracy method for measurement of the elevation... more Laser altimetry provides a high-resolution, high-accuracy method for measurement of the elevation and horizontal variability of Earth-surface topography. The basis of the measurement is the timing of the round-trip propagation of short-duration pulses of laser radiation between a spacecraft and the Earth's surface. Vertical resolution of the altimetry measurement is determined primarily by laser pulsewidth, surface-induced spreading in time of
The design and construction of wide FOV imaging polarimeters for use in atmospheric remote sensin... more The design and construction of wide FOV imaging polarimeters for use in atmospheric remote sensing requires significant attention to the prevention of artificial polarization induced by the optical elements. Surface, coatings, and angles of incidence throughout the system must be carefully designed in order to minimize these artifacts because the remaining instrumental bias polarization is the main factor which drives
In this paper we will discuss our development effort of an airborne instrument as a pathfinder fo... more In this paper we will discuss our development effort of an airborne instrument as a pathfinder for the LIdar Surface Technology (LIST) mission. This paper will discuss the system approach, enabling technologies, instrument concept, final assembly and the preparation for flight with this new multi-beam non-scanning, swath mapping laser altimeter system.
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) has been engaging in Earth and planetary science instrume... more NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) has been engaging in Earth and planetary science instruments development for many years. With stunning topographic details of the Mars surface to Earth's surface maps and ice sheets dynamics of recent years, NASA GSFC has provided vast amount of scientific data products that gave detailed insights into Earth's and planetary sciences. In this paper
Optics Letters, 2000
We describe the retrieval of nighttime lidar profiles by use of a large holographic optical eleme... more We describe the retrieval of nighttime lidar profiles by use of a large holographic optical element to simultaneously collect and spectrally disperse Raman-shifted return signals. Results obtained with a 20-Hz, 6-mJ͞pulse, frequency-tripled Nd : YAG source demonstrate profiles for atmospheric nitrogen with a range greater than 1 km for a time average of 26 s.
Space science …, Jan 1, 2010
The Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) is an instrument on the payload of NASA's Lunar Reconnai... more The Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) is an instrument on the payload of NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft (LRO) (Chin et al., in Space Sci. Rev. 129:391-419, 2007). The instrument is designed to measure the shape of the Moon by measuring precisely the range from the spacecraft to the lunar surface, and incorporating precision orbit determination of LRO, referencing surface ranges to the Moon's center of mass. LOLA has 5 beams and operates at 28 Hz, with a nominal accuracy of 10 cm. Its primary objective is to produce a global geodetic grid for the Moon to which all other observations can be precisely referenced.
Geoscience and …, Jan 1, 2011
Page 1. SIXTEEN CHANNEL, NON-SCANNING AIRBORNE LIDAR SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY (LIST) SIMULATOR Anthony ... more Page 1. SIXTEEN CHANNEL, NON-SCANNING AIRBORNE LIDAR SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY (LIST) SIMULATOR Anthony W. Yu, Michael A. Krainak, David J. Harding, James B. Abshire, Xiaoli Sun, John Cavanaugh, Susan ...
beam quality, improved efficiency, and other technological advances. The Geoscience Laser Altimet... more beam quality, improved efficiency, and other technological advances. The Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS), launched in January 2003, is a laser altimeter and lidar U T T J~~U V T (UIM1er O*I~C~OIU $2)
Geoscience and …, Jan 1, 2011
We present the final configuration of the space flight laser transmitter as delivered to the LOLA... more We present the final configuration of the space flight laser transmitter as delivered to the LOLA instrument. The laser consists of two oscillators with co-aligned outputs on a single bench, each capable of providing one billion plus shots.
CLEO: Applications …, Jan 1, 2011
Page 1. Development of an Airborne Lidar Surface Topography Simulator Anthony W. Yu, David J. Har... more Page 1. Development of an Airborne Lidar Surface Topography Simulator Anthony W. Yu, David J. Harding, Michael A. Krainak, James B. Abshire, Xiaoli Sun, John F. Cavanaugh, Susan R. Valett, Luis A. Ramos-Izquierdo NASA ...
CLEO, Jan 1, 2008
1. Introduction After a series of successful manned missions to the moon by the Apollo program fr... more 1. Introduction After a series of successful manned missions to the moon by the Apollo program from 1963 to 1972, NASA's plan to return to the moon is initiated by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO). The LRO is the first mission in NASA's vision for space exploration whose ...
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Papers by Luis Ramos-izquierdo