A classification theorem for the totally umbilical CR-submanifold of a nearly K~ihler manifold is... more A classification theorem for the totally umbilical CR-submanifold of a nearly K~ihler manifold is proved.
... t Centre for Solid State Physics, Punjab University, New Campus, Lahore 20, Pakistan. f Insti... more ... t Centre for Solid State Physics, Punjab University, New Campus, Lahore 20, Pakistan. f Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Punjab University, Lahore 20, Pakistan. 002&7217/89 $3.00 0 1989 Taylor & Francis Ltd. Page 2. A. Shamim et al. 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 ...
In this paper we have shown that there do not exist proper warped product submanifolds of the typ... more In this paper we have shown that there do not exist proper warped product submanifolds of the type N × f N T and N T × f N where N T is an invariant and N is any real non-anti invariant submanifold of a Kaehler manifold. We thus generalize the results of B. Sahin [10] who projected same results for a restricted class, the class of warped product submanifolds N θ × f N T and N T × f N θ .
Background The use of robotic systems for colorectal resections is well documented, but robotic s... more Background The use of robotic systems for colorectal resections is well documented, but robotic surgery is not yet established as a substitute for all laparoscopic colo-rectal procedures. The features of the new-generation robotic system seem to be ...
In TDMA (time division multiple access), stations trans-mit their messages on a shared communicat... more In TDMA (time division multiple access), stations trans-mit their messages on a shared communication channel us-ing their dedicated time slots. All the previous delay anal-yses of TDMA have been based on the assumption that ei-ther the interarrival times of the traffic is exponential or ...
1. INTRODUCTION The increasing resistance of human pathogens to current antimicrobial agents is a... more 1. INTRODUCTION The increasing resistance of human pathogens to current antimicrobial agents is a serious medical problem. During the 20 th century, vaccines for bacterial toxins and many other common acute viral infections were developed and made widely available. There ...
Khalid Mohammed Khan* ,a , Uzma Rasool Mughal a , Ambreen Khan a , Farzana Naz a , ... Shahnaz Pe... more Khalid Mohammed Khan* ,a , Uzma Rasool Mughal a , Ambreen Khan a , Farzana Naz a , ... Shahnaz Perveen b and M. Iqbal Choudhary a ... Received May 20, 2009: Revised October 28, 2009: Accepted October 28, 2009 Abstract: A series of N-aroylated isatins 1-15 was ...
Khalid Mohammed Khan* ,a , Uzma Rasool Mughal a , Samreen a , Shahnaz Perveen b and Muhammad ... ... more Khalid Mohammed Khan* ,a , Uzma Rasool Mughal a , Samreen a , Shahnaz Perveen b and Muhammad ... HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan b PCSIR Laboratories Complex, ...
Background: Over the last years key stake holders in the healthcare sector have increasingly reco... more Background: Over the last years key stake holders in the healthcare sector have increasingly recognised evidence based medicine (EBM) as a means to improving the quality of healthcare. However, there is considerable uncertainty about the best way to disseminate basic knowledge of EBM. As a result, huge variation in EBM educational provision, setting, duration, intensity, content, and teaching methodology exists across Europe and worldwide. Most courses for health care professionals are delivered outside the work context ('stand alone') and lack adaptation to the specific needs for EBM at the learners' workplace. Courses with modern 'adaptive' EBM teaching that employ principles of effective continuing education might fill that gap. We aimed to develop a course for postgraduate education which is clinically integrated and allows maximum flexibility for teachers and learners. Methods: A group of experienced EBM teachers, clinical epidemiologists, clinicians and educationalists from institutions from eight European countries participated. We used an established methodology of curriculum development to design a clinically integrated EBM course with substantial components of e-learning. An independent European steering committee provided input into the process.
Background: At postgraduate level evidence based medicine (EBM) is currently taught through tutor... more Background: At postgraduate level evidence based medicine (EBM) is currently taught through tutor based lectures. Computer based sessions fit around doctors' workloads, and standardise the quality of educational provision. There have been no randomized controlled trials comparing computer based sessions with traditional lectures at postgraduate level within medicine. Methods: This was a randomised controlled trial involving six postgraduate education centres in the West Midlands, U.K. Fifty five newly qualified foundation year one doctors (U.S internship equivalent) were randomised to either computer based sessions or an equivalent lecture in EBM and systematic reviews. The change from pre to post-intervention score was measured using a validated questionnaire assessing knowledge (primary outcome) and attitudes (secondary outcome). Results: Both groups were similar at baseline. Participants' improvement in knowledge in the computer based group was equivalent to the lecture based group (gain in score: 2.1 [S.D = 2.0] versus 1.9 [S.D = 2.4]; ANCOVA p = 0.078). Attitudinal gains were similar in both groups. Conclusion: On the basis of our findings we feel computer based teaching and learning is as effective as typical lecture based teaching sessions for educating postgraduates in EBM and systematic reviews.
Management of ingested foreign bodies and food impactions This is one of a series of statements d... more Management of ingested foreign bodies and food impactions This is one of a series of statements discussing the use of GI endoscopy in common clinical situations. The Standards of Practice Committee of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) prepared this text. In preparing this guideline, a search of the medical literature was performed by using PubMed. Studies or reports that described fewer than 10 patients were excluded from analysis if multiple series with more than 10 patients addressing the same issue were available. Additional references were obtained from the bibliographies of the identified articles and from recommendations of expert consultants. Guidelines for appropriate use of endoscopy are based on a critical review of the available data and expert consensus at the time that the guidelines are drafted. Further controlled clinical studies may be needed to clarify aspects of this guideline. This guideline may be revised as necessary to account for changes in technology, new data, or other aspects of clinical practice. The original guideline was published in 1995 and last updated in 2002. The recommendations are based on reviewed studies and are graded on the strength of the supporting evidence (Table 1). 1 The strength of individual recommendations is based both on the aggregate evidence quality and an assessment of the anticipated benefits and harms. Weaker recommendations are indicated by phrases such as "we suggest," whereas stronger recommendations are typically stated as "we recommend." This guideline is intended to be an educational device to provide information that may assist endoscopists in providing care to patients. This guideline is not a rule and should not be construed as establishing a legal standard of care or as encouraging, advocating, requiring, or discouraging any particular treatment. Clinical decisions in any particular case involve a complex analysis of the patient's condition and available courses of action. Therefore, clinical considerations may lead an endoscopist to take a course of action that varies from these guidelines.
A classification theorem for the totally umbilical CR-submanifold of a nearly K~ihler manifold is... more A classification theorem for the totally umbilical CR-submanifold of a nearly K~ihler manifold is proved.
... t Centre for Solid State Physics, Punjab University, New Campus, Lahore 20, Pakistan. f Insti... more ... t Centre for Solid State Physics, Punjab University, New Campus, Lahore 20, Pakistan. f Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Punjab University, Lahore 20, Pakistan. 002&7217/89 $3.00 0 1989 Taylor & Francis Ltd. Page 2. A. Shamim et al. 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 ...
In this paper we have shown that there do not exist proper warped product submanifolds of the typ... more In this paper we have shown that there do not exist proper warped product submanifolds of the type N × f N T and N T × f N where N T is an invariant and N is any real non-anti invariant submanifold of a Kaehler manifold. We thus generalize the results of B. Sahin [10] who projected same results for a restricted class, the class of warped product submanifolds N θ × f N T and N T × f N θ .
Background The use of robotic systems for colorectal resections is well documented, but robotic s... more Background The use of robotic systems for colorectal resections is well documented, but robotic surgery is not yet established as a substitute for all laparoscopic colo-rectal procedures. The features of the new-generation robotic system seem to be ...
In TDMA (time division multiple access), stations trans-mit their messages on a shared communicat... more In TDMA (time division multiple access), stations trans-mit their messages on a shared communication channel us-ing their dedicated time slots. All the previous delay anal-yses of TDMA have been based on the assumption that ei-ther the interarrival times of the traffic is exponential or ...
1. INTRODUCTION The increasing resistance of human pathogens to current antimicrobial agents is a... more 1. INTRODUCTION The increasing resistance of human pathogens to current antimicrobial agents is a serious medical problem. During the 20 th century, vaccines for bacterial toxins and many other common acute viral infections were developed and made widely available. There ...
Khalid Mohammed Khan* ,a , Uzma Rasool Mughal a , Ambreen Khan a , Farzana Naz a , ... Shahnaz Pe... more Khalid Mohammed Khan* ,a , Uzma Rasool Mughal a , Ambreen Khan a , Farzana Naz a , ... Shahnaz Perveen b and M. Iqbal Choudhary a ... Received May 20, 2009: Revised October 28, 2009: Accepted October 28, 2009 Abstract: A series of N-aroylated isatins 1-15 was ...
Khalid Mohammed Khan* ,a , Uzma Rasool Mughal a , Samreen a , Shahnaz Perveen b and Muhammad ... ... more Khalid Mohammed Khan* ,a , Uzma Rasool Mughal a , Samreen a , Shahnaz Perveen b and Muhammad ... HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan b PCSIR Laboratories Complex, ...
Background: Over the last years key stake holders in the healthcare sector have increasingly reco... more Background: Over the last years key stake holders in the healthcare sector have increasingly recognised evidence based medicine (EBM) as a means to improving the quality of healthcare. However, there is considerable uncertainty about the best way to disseminate basic knowledge of EBM. As a result, huge variation in EBM educational provision, setting, duration, intensity, content, and teaching methodology exists across Europe and worldwide. Most courses for health care professionals are delivered outside the work context ('stand alone') and lack adaptation to the specific needs for EBM at the learners' workplace. Courses with modern 'adaptive' EBM teaching that employ principles of effective continuing education might fill that gap. We aimed to develop a course for postgraduate education which is clinically integrated and allows maximum flexibility for teachers and learners. Methods: A group of experienced EBM teachers, clinical epidemiologists, clinicians and educationalists from institutions from eight European countries participated. We used an established methodology of curriculum development to design a clinically integrated EBM course with substantial components of e-learning. An independent European steering committee provided input into the process.
Background: At postgraduate level evidence based medicine (EBM) is currently taught through tutor... more Background: At postgraduate level evidence based medicine (EBM) is currently taught through tutor based lectures. Computer based sessions fit around doctors' workloads, and standardise the quality of educational provision. There have been no randomized controlled trials comparing computer based sessions with traditional lectures at postgraduate level within medicine. Methods: This was a randomised controlled trial involving six postgraduate education centres in the West Midlands, U.K. Fifty five newly qualified foundation year one doctors (U.S internship equivalent) were randomised to either computer based sessions or an equivalent lecture in EBM and systematic reviews. The change from pre to post-intervention score was measured using a validated questionnaire assessing knowledge (primary outcome) and attitudes (secondary outcome). Results: Both groups were similar at baseline. Participants' improvement in knowledge in the computer based group was equivalent to the lecture based group (gain in score: 2.1 [S.D = 2.0] versus 1.9 [S.D = 2.4]; ANCOVA p = 0.078). Attitudinal gains were similar in both groups. Conclusion: On the basis of our findings we feel computer based teaching and learning is as effective as typical lecture based teaching sessions for educating postgraduates in EBM and systematic reviews.
Management of ingested foreign bodies and food impactions This is one of a series of statements d... more Management of ingested foreign bodies and food impactions This is one of a series of statements discussing the use of GI endoscopy in common clinical situations. The Standards of Practice Committee of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) prepared this text. In preparing this guideline, a search of the medical literature was performed by using PubMed. Studies or reports that described fewer than 10 patients were excluded from analysis if multiple series with more than 10 patients addressing the same issue were available. Additional references were obtained from the bibliographies of the identified articles and from recommendations of expert consultants. Guidelines for appropriate use of endoscopy are based on a critical review of the available data and expert consensus at the time that the guidelines are drafted. Further controlled clinical studies may be needed to clarify aspects of this guideline. This guideline may be revised as necessary to account for changes in technology, new data, or other aspects of clinical practice. The original guideline was published in 1995 and last updated in 2002. The recommendations are based on reviewed studies and are graded on the strength of the supporting evidence (Table 1). 1 The strength of individual recommendations is based both on the aggregate evidence quality and an assessment of the anticipated benefits and harms. Weaker recommendations are indicated by phrases such as "we suggest," whereas stronger recommendations are typically stated as "we recommend." This guideline is intended to be an educational device to provide information that may assist endoscopists in providing care to patients. This guideline is not a rule and should not be construed as establishing a legal standard of care or as encouraging, advocating, requiring, or discouraging any particular treatment. Clinical decisions in any particular case involve a complex analysis of the patient's condition and available courses of action. Therefore, clinical considerations may lead an endoscopist to take a course of action that varies from these guidelines.
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