Simulated Annealing (SA) is a common meta-heuristic algorithm that has been widely used to solve ... more Simulated Annealing (SA) is a common meta-heuristic algorithm that has been widely used to solve complex optimization problems. This is due to its ease of implementation and capability to escape from local optimum. This research conducts an investigation on three of SA components: the initial temperature, cooling schedule and neighborhood structure. We observed that the high initial temperature leads SA to accept any solution (wasting more computational time), whilst the lower value leads SA to quickly trap in local optimum. Based on research findings from this phase, for each component we suggested a technique to overcome the limitations. The limitations are: (i) a dynamic initial temperature mechanism that dynamically chose the suitable initial temperature for each instance problem; (ii) adaptive cooling schedule that will adjust the temperature value during the search; and (iii) a new neighborhood structure that will improve the search ability by minimizing the random selection. ...
Web service-based application is an architectural style, where a collection of Web services commu... more Web service-based application is an architectural style, where a collection of Web services communicates to each other to execute processes. With the popularity increase of developing Web service-based application and once Web services may change, in terms of functional and nonfunctional quality of service (QoS), we need mechanisms to monitor, diagnose, and repair Web services into a Web application. The goal of this paper is to build Web service that are reliable and adaptable without the need to be modified offline to meet the changing of the users’ requirements and system resources. This can be achieved by using the Web Service Self Healing Connector that provides a mechanism to supervising the traffic between Web Service providers and requesters to Monitor, dynamic run-time reconfiguration and Quality of Service (QoS) management. Keywords— Self Healing, Web Service, Service Oriented Architecture, Quality of Service, Service Agreement Level, Availability.
Counting people in a video stream for applications such as video surveillance or imaging statisti... more Counting people in a video stream for applications such as video surveillance or imaging statistical systems is considered a challenging task since video streams require complex computations and affected by noisy environment. This paper proposes a hybrid model for counting people using a video stream based on human skin detection and geometrical head recognition. This model is based on detecting single and multiple head-counts, while in motion by positioning the camera in different angle setups. A 45 and 90 camera positions will detect both the skin color information and the head shape of an object simultaneously. The experiments results indicated that the model accurately detects and counts people on real world environments and is robust to changes in viewpoint, scale, and object speed.
This paper introduces and studies new indexing techniques for content-based queries in images dat... more This paper introduces and studies new indexing techniques for content-based queries in images databases. Indexing is the key to providing sophisticated, accurate and fast searches for queries in image data. This research describes a new indexing approach, which depends on linear modeling of signals, using bases for modeling. A basis is a set of chosen images, and modeling an image is a least-squares approximation of the image as a linear combination of the basis images. The coefficients of the basis images are taken together to serve as index for that image. The paper describes the implementation of the indexing scheme, and presents the findings of our extensive evaluation that was conducted to optimize (1) the choice of the basis matrix (B), and (2) the size of the index A (N). Furthermore, we compare the performance of our indexing scheme with other schemes. Our results show that our scheme has significantly higher performance. Keywords—Axial Projection, images, indexing, multimed...
This paper proposes and simulates a new ad hoc multicasting routing protocol called Modified On-D... more This paper proposes and simulates a new ad hoc multicasting routing protocol called Modified On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (MODMRP). The MODMRP is based on On-Demand Multicasting Routing Protocol (ODMRP). MODMRP suggests two approaches aimed to reduce the service traffic; the local detection of routes and the information usage on the channels condition during the route information update timer values. The goal of MODMRP is to improve packet delivery efficiency. Through a course of simulation experiments, the MODMRP is compared to the ODMRP in reference to number factors such as Ratio of Packets Delivery and transmission delays. The Simulation results show an increase in the percentage of delivered multicast datagram on an average of 2% and a routing overhead costs decreased on average of 20.5% when compared to ODMRP.
2019 International Arab Conference on Information Technology (ACIT)
Data privacy and protection is the hottest topic in cloud computing-based systems. Cloud based sy... more Data privacy and protection is the hottest topic in cloud computing-based systems. Cloud based systems users keen on finding a way to ensure the security of information and maintaining privacy using remote document search to eliminate the need to retrieve data from the cloud. In this paper, we propose a novel model to provide a unique index using SHA-256 Hashing and to utilize the uniqueness of MAC address to produce a unique MAC-HASH with no collision and minimal processing time. The results has been proven to be irreversible and give a unique value for each user and lies in dispersing infiltrators of data and the hacker would have no access to the original data. Therefore, the files will be blind searched and the cloud administrator and the hacker would have no knowledge of your search.
In recent years some cryptographic algorithms have gained popularity due to properties that make ... more In recent years some cryptographic algorithms have gained popularity due to properties that make them suitable for use in constrained environment like mobile information appliances, where computing resources and power availability are limited. One of these cryptosystems is Elliptic curve which requires less computational power, memory and communication bandwidth compared to other cryptosystem. This makes the elliptic curve cryptography to gain wide acceptance as an alternative to conventional cryptosystems (DSA, RSA, AES, etc.). All existing protocols for elliptic curve cryptosystems that are used for either key exchange or for ciphering, assume that the curve E, the field F q and a point P on the curve are all public. In this research we propose a modified protocol for elliptic curve key exchange based on elliptic curve over rings, assuming that only the curve E and F q are public, keeping the base point P secret, which make attacking the cryptosystem harder by the eavesdropper. Also we provide imbedded authentication, so our protocol does not suffer from the man in the middle attack.
Social distancing during COVID-19 has become one of the most important measures in reducing the r... more Social distancing during COVID-19 has become one of the most important measures in reducing the risks of the spread of the virus. Implementing these measures at universities is crucial and directly related to the physical attendance of the populations of students, professors, employees, and other members on campus. This research proposes an automated scheduling approach that can help universities and schools comply with the social distancing regulations by providing assistance in avoiding huge assemblages of people. Furthermore, this paper proposes a novel course timetable-scheduling scheme based on four main constraints. First, a distance of two meters must be maintained between each student inside the classroom. Second, no classrooms should contain more than 20% of their regular capacity. Third, there would be no back-to-back classes. Lastly, no lectures should be held simultaneously in adjacent classrooms. The proposed approach was implemented using a variable neighborhood search (VNS) approach with an adaptive neighborhood structure (AD-NS) to resolve the problem of scheduling course timetables at Al-Ahlyyia Amman University. However, the experimental results show that the proposed techniques outperformed the standard VNS tested on university course timetabling benchmark dataset ITC2007-Track3. Meanwhile, the approach was tested using datasets collected from the faculty of information technology at Al-Ahlyyia Amman University (Jordan). Where the results showed that, the proposed technique could help educational institutes to resume their regular operations while complying with the social distancing guidelines.
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a style of software design where Web Services (WS) provide... more Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a style of software design where Web Services (WS) provide services to the other components through a communication protocol over a network. WS components are managed, updated, and rearranged at runtime to provide the business processes as SCs, which consist of a set of WSs that can be invoked in a specific order to fulfill the clients' requests. According to the Service Level Agreement (SLA) requirements, WS selection and composition are significant perspectives of research to meet the clients' expectations. This paper presents an effective technique using SMFS that attempts to improve the WS selection as well as SC construction and ultimately optimize the WS resource utilization. The results show that the proposed SMFS technique enhances the WS resource utilization by 9.6% compared to the standard Multistage Forward Search (MFS) technique. Similarly, the number of constructed SCs using the proposed SMFS technique are increased by 36.97% compared to the number of constructed SCs with the standard MFS technique.
International Journal of Science and Applied Information Technology
Internet of Things (IoT) is being aopted and used to revolutionize the way the globe can be conne... more Internet of Things (IoT) is being aopted and used to revolutionize the way the globe can be connected through seamless connection and through the use of smart and heterogeneous devices that are interrelated. Applications of the Internet of Things are transforming the daily lives of people and the activities that are often carried. The future of the applications that rely on the Internet of Things is dependent on the strength of the network connecting devices to each other; therefore the security will be main criteria as millions of devices are interconnected. In this paper we survey different cellular networks when they are applied in the development of the Internet of Things applications, we also discuss security challenges and solutions in cloud as well as security of IoT applications and cloud computing, this implies the discussion of implementing some criteria for Quality of Security (QoS) in 5G network like authentication, confidentiality, integrity and availability using AWS firewall.
Simulated Annealing (SA) is a common meta-heuristic algorithm that has been widely used to solve ... more Simulated Annealing (SA) is a common meta-heuristic algorithm that has been widely used to solve complex optimization problems. This work proposes a hybrid SA with EMC to divert the search effectively to another promising region. Moreover, a Tabu list memory applied to avoid cycling. Experimental results showed that the solution quality has enhanced using SA-EMCQ by escaping the search space from local optimum to another promising region space. In addition, the results showed that our proposed technique has outperformed the standard SA and gave comparable results to other approaches in the literature when tested on ITC2007-Track3 university course timetabling datasets.
International Journal of Wireless & Mobile Networks ( IJWMN ), 2010
Probabilistic broadcast has been widely used as a flooding optimization mechanism to alleviate th... more Probabilistic broadcast has been widely used as a flooding optimization mechanism to alleviate the effect of broadcast storm problem (BSP) in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Many research studies have been carried-out to develop and evaluate the performance of this mechanism in an error-free (noiseless) environment. In reality, wireless communication channels in MANETs are an error-prone and suffer from high packet-loss due to presence of noise, i.e., noisy environment. In this paper, we propose a simulation model that can be used to evaluate the performance of probabilistic broadcast for flooding in noisy environment. In the proposed model, the noise-level is represented by a generic name, probability of reception (p c) (0≤p c ≤1), where p c =1 for noiseless and <1 for noisy environment. The effect of noise is determined randomly by generating a random number ξ (0≤ξ<1); if ξ≤p c means the packet is successfully delivered to the receiving node, otherwise, unsuccessful delivery occurs. The proposed model is implemented on a MANET simulator, namely, MANSim. The effect of noise on the performance of probabilistic algorithm was investigated in four scenarios. The main conclusions of these scenarios are: the performance of probabilistic algorithm suffers in presence of noise. However, this suffering is less in high density networks, or if the nodes characterized by high retransmission probability or large radio transmission range. The nodes' speed has no or insignificant effect on the performance.
2007 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications, 2007
In this paper, an implementation of a neoteric and efficient video segmentation scheme aimed to d... more In this paper, an implementation of a neoteric and efficient video segmentation scheme aimed to detect interlaced video scenes using the normalized compression distance (NCD) is proposed. NCD approximates the value of a theoretical distance between two adjacent video frames using the Kolmogorov complexity theory. This proposed scheme presents a robust and efficient automatic video segmentation based on pervious researches which lack the accuracy when dealing with cuts, fades, or morphing as in sports, commercials and news clips where fading can be greatly noticed. The experimental results gave back a stunning recall and a high precision values. This scheme indicates an overall improvement on video segmentation results achieved in reference to our previous approaches.
2007 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications, 2007
... jo Eman Abu-Hammad Department of Computer Science Al-Balqa Applied University Salt - Jordan T... more ... jo Eman Abu-Hammad Department of Computer Science Al-Balqa Applied University Salt - Jordan Tel: +962 799938136 ... 4]. * Mohsin and Mar converts images into HSV values and using a training set to detect skin regions. ...
This paper proposes and simulates a new ad hoc multicasting routing protocol called Modified On-D... more This paper proposes and simulates a new ad hoc multicasting routing protocol called Modified On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (MODMRP). The MODMRP is based on On- Demand Multicasting Routing Protocol (ODMRP). MODMRP suggests two approaches aimed to reduce the service traffic; the local detection of routes and the information usage on the channels condition during the route information update timer values.
Simulated Annealing (SA) is a common meta-heuristic algorithm that has been widely used to solve ... more Simulated Annealing (SA) is a common meta-heuristic algorithm that has been widely used to solve complex optimization problems. This is due to its ease of implementation and capability to escape from local optimum. This research conducts an investigation on three of SA components: the initial temperature, cooling schedule and neighborhood structure. We observed that the high initial temperature leads SA to accept any solution (wasting more computational time), whilst the lower value leads SA to quickly trap in local optimum. Based on research findings from this phase, for each component we suggested a technique to overcome the limitations. The limitations are: (i) a dynamic initial temperature mechanism that dynamically chose the suitable initial temperature for each instance problem; (ii) adaptive cooling schedule that will adjust the temperature value during the search; and (iii) a new neighborhood structure that will improve the search ability by minimizing the random selection. ...
Web service-based application is an architectural style, where a collection of Web services commu... more Web service-based application is an architectural style, where a collection of Web services communicates to each other to execute processes. With the popularity increase of developing Web service-based application and once Web services may change, in terms of functional and nonfunctional quality of service (QoS), we need mechanisms to monitor, diagnose, and repair Web services into a Web application. The goal of this paper is to build Web service that are reliable and adaptable without the need to be modified offline to meet the changing of the users’ requirements and system resources. This can be achieved by using the Web Service Self Healing Connector that provides a mechanism to supervising the traffic between Web Service providers and requesters to Monitor, dynamic run-time reconfiguration and Quality of Service (QoS) management. Keywords— Self Healing, Web Service, Service Oriented Architecture, Quality of Service, Service Agreement Level, Availability.
Counting people in a video stream for applications such as video surveillance or imaging statisti... more Counting people in a video stream for applications such as video surveillance or imaging statistical systems is considered a challenging task since video streams require complex computations and affected by noisy environment. This paper proposes a hybrid model for counting people using a video stream based on human skin detection and geometrical head recognition. This model is based on detecting single and multiple head-counts, while in motion by positioning the camera in different angle setups. A 45 and 90 camera positions will detect both the skin color information and the head shape of an object simultaneously. The experiments results indicated that the model accurately detects and counts people on real world environments and is robust to changes in viewpoint, scale, and object speed.
This paper introduces and studies new indexing techniques for content-based queries in images dat... more This paper introduces and studies new indexing techniques for content-based queries in images databases. Indexing is the key to providing sophisticated, accurate and fast searches for queries in image data. This research describes a new indexing approach, which depends on linear modeling of signals, using bases for modeling. A basis is a set of chosen images, and modeling an image is a least-squares approximation of the image as a linear combination of the basis images. The coefficients of the basis images are taken together to serve as index for that image. The paper describes the implementation of the indexing scheme, and presents the findings of our extensive evaluation that was conducted to optimize (1) the choice of the basis matrix (B), and (2) the size of the index A (N). Furthermore, we compare the performance of our indexing scheme with other schemes. Our results show that our scheme has significantly higher performance. Keywords—Axial Projection, images, indexing, multimed...
This paper proposes and simulates a new ad hoc multicasting routing protocol called Modified On-D... more This paper proposes and simulates a new ad hoc multicasting routing protocol called Modified On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (MODMRP). The MODMRP is based on On-Demand Multicasting Routing Protocol (ODMRP). MODMRP suggests two approaches aimed to reduce the service traffic; the local detection of routes and the information usage on the channels condition during the route information update timer values. The goal of MODMRP is to improve packet delivery efficiency. Through a course of simulation experiments, the MODMRP is compared to the ODMRP in reference to number factors such as Ratio of Packets Delivery and transmission delays. The Simulation results show an increase in the percentage of delivered multicast datagram on an average of 2% and a routing overhead costs decreased on average of 20.5% when compared to ODMRP.
2019 International Arab Conference on Information Technology (ACIT)
Data privacy and protection is the hottest topic in cloud computing-based systems. Cloud based sy... more Data privacy and protection is the hottest topic in cloud computing-based systems. Cloud based systems users keen on finding a way to ensure the security of information and maintaining privacy using remote document search to eliminate the need to retrieve data from the cloud. In this paper, we propose a novel model to provide a unique index using SHA-256 Hashing and to utilize the uniqueness of MAC address to produce a unique MAC-HASH with no collision and minimal processing time. The results has been proven to be irreversible and give a unique value for each user and lies in dispersing infiltrators of data and the hacker would have no access to the original data. Therefore, the files will be blind searched and the cloud administrator and the hacker would have no knowledge of your search.
In recent years some cryptographic algorithms have gained popularity due to properties that make ... more In recent years some cryptographic algorithms have gained popularity due to properties that make them suitable for use in constrained environment like mobile information appliances, where computing resources and power availability are limited. One of these cryptosystems is Elliptic curve which requires less computational power, memory and communication bandwidth compared to other cryptosystem. This makes the elliptic curve cryptography to gain wide acceptance as an alternative to conventional cryptosystems (DSA, RSA, AES, etc.). All existing protocols for elliptic curve cryptosystems that are used for either key exchange or for ciphering, assume that the curve E, the field F q and a point P on the curve are all public. In this research we propose a modified protocol for elliptic curve key exchange based on elliptic curve over rings, assuming that only the curve E and F q are public, keeping the base point P secret, which make attacking the cryptosystem harder by the eavesdropper. Also we provide imbedded authentication, so our protocol does not suffer from the man in the middle attack.
Social distancing during COVID-19 has become one of the most important measures in reducing the r... more Social distancing during COVID-19 has become one of the most important measures in reducing the risks of the spread of the virus. Implementing these measures at universities is crucial and directly related to the physical attendance of the populations of students, professors, employees, and other members on campus. This research proposes an automated scheduling approach that can help universities and schools comply with the social distancing regulations by providing assistance in avoiding huge assemblages of people. Furthermore, this paper proposes a novel course timetable-scheduling scheme based on four main constraints. First, a distance of two meters must be maintained between each student inside the classroom. Second, no classrooms should contain more than 20% of their regular capacity. Third, there would be no back-to-back classes. Lastly, no lectures should be held simultaneously in adjacent classrooms. The proposed approach was implemented using a variable neighborhood search (VNS) approach with an adaptive neighborhood structure (AD-NS) to resolve the problem of scheduling course timetables at Al-Ahlyyia Amman University. However, the experimental results show that the proposed techniques outperformed the standard VNS tested on university course timetabling benchmark dataset ITC2007-Track3. Meanwhile, the approach was tested using datasets collected from the faculty of information technology at Al-Ahlyyia Amman University (Jordan). Where the results showed that, the proposed technique could help educational institutes to resume their regular operations while complying with the social distancing guidelines.
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a style of software design where Web Services (WS) provide... more Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a style of software design where Web Services (WS) provide services to the other components through a communication protocol over a network. WS components are managed, updated, and rearranged at runtime to provide the business processes as SCs, which consist of a set of WSs that can be invoked in a specific order to fulfill the clients' requests. According to the Service Level Agreement (SLA) requirements, WS selection and composition are significant perspectives of research to meet the clients' expectations. This paper presents an effective technique using SMFS that attempts to improve the WS selection as well as SC construction and ultimately optimize the WS resource utilization. The results show that the proposed SMFS technique enhances the WS resource utilization by 9.6% compared to the standard Multistage Forward Search (MFS) technique. Similarly, the number of constructed SCs using the proposed SMFS technique are increased by 36.97% compared to the number of constructed SCs with the standard MFS technique.
International Journal of Science and Applied Information Technology
Internet of Things (IoT) is being aopted and used to revolutionize the way the globe can be conne... more Internet of Things (IoT) is being aopted and used to revolutionize the way the globe can be connected through seamless connection and through the use of smart and heterogeneous devices that are interrelated. Applications of the Internet of Things are transforming the daily lives of people and the activities that are often carried. The future of the applications that rely on the Internet of Things is dependent on the strength of the network connecting devices to each other; therefore the security will be main criteria as millions of devices are interconnected. In this paper we survey different cellular networks when they are applied in the development of the Internet of Things applications, we also discuss security challenges and solutions in cloud as well as security of IoT applications and cloud computing, this implies the discussion of implementing some criteria for Quality of Security (QoS) in 5G network like authentication, confidentiality, integrity and availability using AWS firewall.
Simulated Annealing (SA) is a common meta-heuristic algorithm that has been widely used to solve ... more Simulated Annealing (SA) is a common meta-heuristic algorithm that has been widely used to solve complex optimization problems. This work proposes a hybrid SA with EMC to divert the search effectively to another promising region. Moreover, a Tabu list memory applied to avoid cycling. Experimental results showed that the solution quality has enhanced using SA-EMCQ by escaping the search space from local optimum to another promising region space. In addition, the results showed that our proposed technique has outperformed the standard SA and gave comparable results to other approaches in the literature when tested on ITC2007-Track3 university course timetabling datasets.
International Journal of Wireless & Mobile Networks ( IJWMN ), 2010
Probabilistic broadcast has been widely used as a flooding optimization mechanism to alleviate th... more Probabilistic broadcast has been widely used as a flooding optimization mechanism to alleviate the effect of broadcast storm problem (BSP) in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Many research studies have been carried-out to develop and evaluate the performance of this mechanism in an error-free (noiseless) environment. In reality, wireless communication channels in MANETs are an error-prone and suffer from high packet-loss due to presence of noise, i.e., noisy environment. In this paper, we propose a simulation model that can be used to evaluate the performance of probabilistic broadcast for flooding in noisy environment. In the proposed model, the noise-level is represented by a generic name, probability of reception (p c) (0≤p c ≤1), where p c =1 for noiseless and <1 for noisy environment. The effect of noise is determined randomly by generating a random number ξ (0≤ξ<1); if ξ≤p c means the packet is successfully delivered to the receiving node, otherwise, unsuccessful delivery occurs. The proposed model is implemented on a MANET simulator, namely, MANSim. The effect of noise on the performance of probabilistic algorithm was investigated in four scenarios. The main conclusions of these scenarios are: the performance of probabilistic algorithm suffers in presence of noise. However, this suffering is less in high density networks, or if the nodes characterized by high retransmission probability or large radio transmission range. The nodes' speed has no or insignificant effect on the performance.
2007 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications, 2007
In this paper, an implementation of a neoteric and efficient video segmentation scheme aimed to d... more In this paper, an implementation of a neoteric and efficient video segmentation scheme aimed to detect interlaced video scenes using the normalized compression distance (NCD) is proposed. NCD approximates the value of a theoretical distance between two adjacent video frames using the Kolmogorov complexity theory. This proposed scheme presents a robust and efficient automatic video segmentation based on pervious researches which lack the accuracy when dealing with cuts, fades, or morphing as in sports, commercials and news clips where fading can be greatly noticed. The experimental results gave back a stunning recall and a high precision values. This scheme indicates an overall improvement on video segmentation results achieved in reference to our previous approaches.
2007 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications, 2007
... jo Eman Abu-Hammad Department of Computer Science Al-Balqa Applied University Salt - Jordan T... more ... jo Eman Abu-Hammad Department of Computer Science Al-Balqa Applied University Salt - Jordan Tel: +962 799938136 ... 4]. * Mohsin and Mar converts images into HSV values and using a training set to detect skin regions. ...
This paper proposes and simulates a new ad hoc multicasting routing protocol called Modified On-D... more This paper proposes and simulates a new ad hoc multicasting routing protocol called Modified On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (MODMRP). The MODMRP is based on On- Demand Multicasting Routing Protocol (ODMRP). MODMRP suggests two approaches aimed to reduce the service traffic; the local detection of routes and the information usage on the channels condition during the route information update timer values.
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Papers by Khalid Kaabneh