Papers by Karno B. Batiran
Forest and Society, Apr 26, 2020
This article describes the ways in which the Nuri Talaud, a small colorful bird located on an isl... more This article describes the ways in which the Nuri Talaud, a small colorful bird located on an island at the northern reaches of Indonesia, first became a hunted commodity and evolved into a thriving protected species. Told from the life history of Om Zaka, a local hunter turned bird conservationist, this article describes the background that shaped the shifting values placed on the Nuri Talaud. The bird initially gained value as a symbol of the state through its selection for inclusion in Indonesia's national theme park. As a result of its newfound prominence, local hunters emerged to systematically hunt the bird for sale through a network of international species trade. Nearly facing extinction, various actors and initiatives came together to protect the Nuri Talaud. This paper shows the ways in which a species can be targeted to almost extinction, and the processes that can take shape to ensure its protection.
Development Policy Review
SummaryMotivationThere has been growing interest in recent years in a better understanding of kno... more SummaryMotivationThere has been growing interest in recent years in a better understanding of knowledge/science and policy co‐production in environmental governance.PurposeWe aim to shed more light on the politics among the numerous actors shaping ideas that drive environmental policy in Indonesia. We focus our theoretical engagement on a framing of bureaucratic politics, which is a research tradition that has made various strides in explaining the formal and non‐formal processes that influence environmental governance outcomes.Methods and approachBuilding from a wide range of case studies drawn from deep engagement of participatory research in policy‐making in Indonesia, we established a simple typology that helps explain eight categories that emerge when bureaucracies, knowledge institutions, and publics come together to shape environmental governance outcomes.FindingsThe bureaucratic politics specifically clarified the features of cases that have clear fragmentation of bureaucrac...
MethodsX, 2021
Land use conflict's visibility assessments are often reserved to descriptive reports in their mea... more Land use conflict's visibility assessments are often reserved to descriptive reports in their measurement of a conflict depth. The existing literature has limited the ability to measure the degree of the conflict visibility. In light of this deficiency, we establish a technique to measure the degree of both latent and manifest conflicts using the actor-centered framing. This heuristics approach is focused on the gradation of interaction between conflicted actors by juxtaposing state and local community actors in defending their interest. We measure how state actors deploy policy instruments, mobilizing resources and interventions, and vice versa observing local actors that seek to internalize their issues and interests and getting public attention by building alliances and advocacy. This paper proposes a novel framework for exploring what is implied by latent and manifest tensions between local community and land use government institutions in greater depth. Practitioners will be able to get a better understanding of the conflict visibility, and to develop suitable intervention in conflict in order to reach a manageable situation. This paper also generates possible hypotheses for future research by examining how actors develop and utilize policy instruments for their interest in managing land use conflict. • Juxtaposing powerless and dominant actors. • The gradation points of latent and manifest in conflict visibility continuum.
Forest and Society
Studies on interactions between national parks and Indigenous Peoples in Indonesia have gained mu... more Studies on interactions between national parks and Indigenous Peoples in Indonesia have gained much attention in recent years, which mainly examine eviction, boundary disputes, and remediation. This research focuses on changing institutions since the establishment of Kelimutu National Park, foregrounding socio-cultural and livelihood impacts over time. This study involves in-depth interviews, FGDs, and observations from April to May 2019 and revisiting in November 2021. Findings highlight changing traditional institutions (Mosalaki) uprooted by the formal National Park governing authority. Such transitions also shift governing authority over natural resources access and control in ways that negatively affect the livelihoods of the Lio people of Kelimutu.
Jurnal WACANA, 2013
This study argues that small-scale agriculture system has proven to have potential in supporting ... more This study argues that small-scale agriculture system has proven to have potential in supporting climate change adaptation, and even mitigation, processes. The system has been used to conserve resources and biodiversity, and considers local food availability, before the massive adoption of Green Revolution system. This case study based on a series fieldworks in a village west to Bantimutung-Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi. It tries to demonstrate how a number of smallholder farmers innovate their agricultural system by applying System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in semicollective manner. The study shows that the farmers are able to significantly reduce chemical inputs and water usage, encourage the application of organic fertilizer and collective work in each of their rice plots and by doing so reduce their production cost substantially. It also boost their trust in collective works and inspire them to expand it to other economic activities-and inspire others to follow. The system can be a reverse of Green Revolution ones which tends to accelerate smallholders vulnerability to hazards, including climate related ones.
Forest and Society, 2020
This study explains how kewang, a traditional institution that deals with social affairs and natu... more This study explains how kewang, a traditional institution that deals with social affairs and natural resource management, maintains traditional ecological knowledge and practices in Maluku. This study focuses on two comparative villages (negeri): Haruku and South Buano. The study adopts a historically situated new institutionalism approach to analyzing the dynamic developments of kewang and how it affects community members in the context of conservation and natural resource management of the petuanan customary areas of the two negeri. By examining institutional change including history, ideology, organization and authority of kewang with other institutional forms such as soa, government, church, and NGOs the study shows the path-dependence of the two respective kewangs. In Haruku, the kewang has long stayed intact because the institution is still practiced as a cultural principle, maintaining itself through the tradition-based leadership succession mechanisms and by continuing to ca...
Forest and Society, 2021
Thirteen years ago, PAYOPAYO Peasant School Network, an Indonesian community organizing network b... more Thirteen years ago, PAYOPAYO Peasant School Network, an Indonesian community organizing network based in Sulawesi, facilitated Participatory Action Research (PAR) that eventually culminated in a creation of a common resource management regime around an irrigation system for agricultural use in Tompobulu, a village within a national park in upland South Sulawesi. This note from the field presents a reflection on collective action experiences of a community in building the commons in 2008 to 2009, and revisits the extent to which the commons has been managed, how management regimes changed over time, and how it survives as a commons today. The initial factors allowing for establishment of the commons, understood here as a social practice toward common goals, were a shared need for water (local needs & conditions), and the success to make use of the irrigation commons as a means to initiate other collective actions. Drawing from concerted engagement and analysis conducted in 2021, this...
Forest and Society, 2020
This study explains how kewang, a traditional institution that deals with social affairs and natu... more This study explains how kewang, a traditional institution that deals with social affairs and natural resource management, maintains traditional ecological knowledge and practices in Maluku. This study focuses on two comparative villages (negeri): Haruku and South Buano. The study adopts a historically situated new institutionalism approach to analyzing the dynamic developments of kewang and how it affects community members in the context of conservation and natural resource management of the petuanan customary areas of the two negeri. By examining institutional change including history, ideology, organization and authority of kewang with other institutional forms such as soa, government, church, and NGOs the study shows the path-dependence of the two respective kewangs. In Haruku, the kewang has long stayed intact because the institution is still practiced as a cultural principle, maintaining itself through the tradition-based leadership succession mechanisms and by continuing to ca...
Jurnal Wacana, 2013
| This study argues that small-scale agriculture system has proven to have potential in supportin... more | This study argues that small-scale agriculture system has proven to have potential in supporting climate change adaptation, and even mitigation, processes. The system has been used to conserve resources and biodiversity, and considers local food availability, before the massive adoption of Green Revolution system. This case study based on a series fieldworks in a village west to Bantimutung-Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi. It tries to demonstrate how a number of smallholder farmers innovate their agricultural system by applying System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in semi-collective manner. The study shows that the farmers are able to significantly reduce chemical inputs and water usage, encourage the application of organic fertilizer and collective work in each of their rice plots and by doing so reduce their production cost substantially. It also boost their trust in collective works and inspire them to expand it to other economic activities-and inspire others to follow. The system can be a reverse of Green Revolution ones which tends to accelerate smallholders vulnerability to hazards, including climate related ones.
Jurnal Wacana, 2013
| This study argues that small-scale agriculture system has proven to have potential in supportin... more | This study argues that small-scale agriculture system has proven to have potential in supporting climate change adaptation, and even mitigation processes. The system has been used to conserve resources and biodiversity, and considers local food availability, before the massive adoption of Green Revolution system. This case study based on a series fieldworks in a village west to Bantimutung-Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi. It tries to demonstrate how a number of smallholder farmers innovate their agricultural system by applying System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in semi-collective manner. The study shows that the farmers are able to significantly reduce chemical inputs and water usage, encourage the application of organic fertilizer and collective work in each of their rice plots, and by doing so reduce their production cost substantially. It also boost their trust in collective works and inspire them to expand it to other economic activities-and inspire others to follow. The system can be a reverse of Green Revolution ones which tends to accelerate smallholders vulnerability to hazards, including climate related ones.
This study explains how kewang, a traditional institution that deals with social affairs and natu... more This study explains how kewang, a traditional institution that deals with social affairs and natural resource management, maintains traditional ecological knowledge and practices in Maluku. This study focuses on two comparative villages (negeri): Haruku and South Buano. The study adopts a historically situated new institutionalism approach to analyzing the dynamic developments of kewang and how it affects community members in the context of conservation and natural resource management of the petuanan customary areas of the two negeri. By examining institutional change including history, ideology, organization and authority of kewang with other institutional forms such as soa, government, church, and NGOs the study shows the path-dependence of the two respective kewangs. In Haruku, the kewang has long stayed intact because the institution is still practiced as a cultural principle, maintaining itself through the tradition-based leadership succession mechanisms and by continuing to carry out its functions, as well as pursuing innovations within kewang education for future generations. In South Buano however, due to the long absence of a kewang, efforts at revival show the strong influence of rational choice thinking principles, dependent on the formal authority of the negeri government. The study concludes that historical junctures shape the role and authority of kewangs in performing natural resource functions, and which can have longnstanding generational impacts on conservation possibilities. Meanwhile, kewang also rely on both its continued endogenous acceptance among local community members, and depend on its relations with other key institutions in society.
Elong maliung bettuana is a unique form of riddle (puzzle poem). Unlike other genres of puzzle or... more Elong maliung bettuana is a unique form of riddle (puzzle poem). Unlike other genres of puzzle or poem; élong maliung bettuanna uniquely explore the orthography characteristic of Bugis language which is syllabic alphabetical to hide meaning in multilayer covers. In order to hide meaning élong maliung bettuanna uses two element of linguistic that are the semiotic device through symbolic system which is strongly related to the context of socio-cultural of Bugis people and the semantic property.
The semiotic dimension related to the symbol represents events outside of the language elements; while the semantic side related to the using such kind of semantic property that is ambiguity to hide meaning and distort information of the poem. The ambiguity arise from the homograph of words; it is enabled by the characteristic of the Bugis script which is syllabic alphabetical.
The language game that enables meaning to be hidden in multilayers cover uses those two language element, the semiotic dimension via symbol and semantic property via ambiguity of the homograph words that is enabled by the orthography characteristic of Bugis language.
Key words: permainan bahasa, élong, élong maliung bettuanna, teka-teki, semiotika, semantik, homograf, ortografi, bugis.
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Papers by Karno B. Batiran
The semiotic dimension related to the symbol represents events outside of the language elements; while the semantic side related to the using such kind of semantic property that is ambiguity to hide meaning and distort information of the poem. The ambiguity arise from the homograph of words; it is enabled by the characteristic of the Bugis script which is syllabic alphabetical.
The language game that enables meaning to be hidden in multilayers cover uses those two language element, the semiotic dimension via symbol and semantic property via ambiguity of the homograph words that is enabled by the orthography characteristic of Bugis language.
Key words: permainan bahasa, élong, élong maliung bettuanna, teka-teki, semiotika, semantik, homograf, ortografi, bugis.
The semiotic dimension related to the symbol represents events outside of the language elements; while the semantic side related to the using such kind of semantic property that is ambiguity to hide meaning and distort information of the poem. The ambiguity arise from the homograph of words; it is enabled by the characteristic of the Bugis script which is syllabic alphabetical.
The language game that enables meaning to be hidden in multilayers cover uses those two language element, the semiotic dimension via symbol and semantic property via ambiguity of the homograph words that is enabled by the orthography characteristic of Bugis language.
Key words: permainan bahasa, élong, élong maliung bettuanna, teka-teki, semiotika, semantik, homograf, ortografi, bugis.