Papers by Gert Wijlhuizen
The current paper describes an integrated behavioural model that includes the main factors that c... more The current paper describes an integrated behavioural model that includes the main factors that can contribute to<br> a modal shift from motorized to active transport modes. It has been built based on an extensive literature review<br> of existing models from different disciplines, such as psychology, public health, urban planning and behavioural<br> economics. The model accounts for factors shaping behavioural intentions, such as attitudes, social norms and<br> perceived behavioural control, based on an extended version of the Theory of Planned Behaviour'. But the model<br> in this paper also acknowledges the role of non-conscious, automatic influences on behaviour, such as habits.<br> Habits have been consistently identified as a powerful determinant of modal choice.<br> The developed model is part of the ISAAC project ("Stimulating safe walking and cycling within a multimodal<br> transport environment"). It will be one...
European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research, 2021
Bicycle infrastructure is utilised to improve cycling safety and encourage bicycle use as a susta... more Bicycle infrastructure is utilised to improve cycling safety and encourage bicycle use as a sustainable and healthy transport mode. This study sets out to assess whether providing physically separated cycle tracks along distributor roads, as prescribed in Dutch design guidelines and the Sustainable Safety vision, yields the expected safety benefits for cyclists. Therefore the safety of physically separated cycle tracks is compared to marked or painted cycle lanes and to mixed traffic conditions at distributor roads with a speed limit of 50 km/h in Amsterdam in the Netherlands. The study also includes the presence of the risk factors curbside parking and trams. Since police records are known to underreport single bicycle crashes and other crashes without a motor vehicle involved, ambulance records are used in this study instead. Also, both motor vehicle volumes as well as cyclists counts are taken into account in the crash analysis. By doing so, this study aims to address two weaknes...
Sustainability
In the last few years, there has been a strong increase in the interest in and usage of so-called... more In the last few years, there has been a strong increase in the interest in and usage of so-called “Personal e-Transporters” (PeTs), also referred to as micro-mobility devices. Empirical research on the usage of PeTs as a transport mode is virtually non-existent, especially within Europe. This paper aims to fill this gap by investigating people’s motivations and barriers to the use of PeTs. To this end, a behavioural survey was conducted in nine European cities. A representative sample of approximately 250 respondents per city was collected, resulting in a dataset, after data cleaning, of 2159 observations. Generally, respondents’ perceptions of PeTs are not (yet) very favourable. Respondents’ perceptions related to cost and safety received the lowest scores. The results from the transtheoretical model of behavioural change show that a variety of factors influence the stage of behavioural change in which the respondents can be situated. These factors include cycling norms, current wa...
Ontwikkeling en presentatie van een nieuwe visie op valpreventie Datum Juli 2008 Auteur(s) G.J. W... more Ontwikkeling en presentatie van een nieuwe visie op valpreventie Datum Juli 2008 Auteur(s) G.J. Wijlhuizen Opdrachtgever Ministerie van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport Projectnummer 031.12121 Aantal pagina's 111 (incl. bijlagen) Aantal bijlagen 1 Alle rechten voorbehouden. Niets uit dit rapport mag worden vermenigvuldigd en/of openbaar gemaakt door middel van druk, fotokopie, microfilm of op welke andere wijze dan ook, zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van TNO. Indien dit rapport in opdracht werd uitgebracht, wordt voor de rechten en verplichtingen van opdrachtgever en opdrachtnemer verwezen naar de Algemene Voorwaarden voor onderzoeksopdrachten aan TNO, dan wel de betreffende terzake tussen de partijen gesloten overeenkomst. Het ter inzage geven van het TNO-rapport aan direct belanghebbenden is toegestaan.
Monitor Policy Stimulus Road Safety 2013 – Research justification This report is a background doc... more Monitor Policy Stimulus Road Safety 2013 – Research justification This report is a background document to the monitor of the Policy Stimulus Road Safety (Weijermars & Bos, 2014). The Policy Stimulus Road Safety was drawn up in 2012 and presents 23 extra measures that the Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment and its administrative and social partners intend to implement in order to reduce the number of serious road injuries. The Policy Stimulus mainly focuses on the target groups that do not (yet) show the desired decline: cyclists and elderly road users. The purpose of the monitor of the Policy Stimulus Road Safety is twofold. One, it discusses the developments of the numbers of road fatalities and serious road injuries and other developments that are relevant for road safety, and two, it investigates how the implementation of the measures presented in the Policy Stimulus is progressing. The findings can serve as a basis for discussion of whether the policy and/or its impl...
Studies in health technology and informatics, 1998
Applied Cognitive Psychology, 1987
ABSTRACT
Accident Analysis & Prevention, 1992
Earlier studies on the subject of subjective judgment of traffic conflicts showed that untrained ... more Earlier studies on the subject of subjective judgment of traffic conflicts showed that untrained subjects can reliably judge the dangerousness of filmed traffic conflicts. It was concluded that these judgments were based on a concept of dangerousness. In line with these findings two experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 tested the hypothesis that traffic experts (traffic energineers trained to evaluate and improve traffic safety) and lay people use the same concept of dangerousness when judging filmed conflicts. Experiment 2 investigated which aspects of the conflicts are considered by experts when making these judgements. The results show that (i) experts and lay people are equally reliable in judging traffic conflicts. (ii) experts base their judgement on the same concept of dangerousness. (iii) experts do not base their judgement on aspects that they themselves regard as important for the conflict, (iv) a weak relation is found between violations of traffic regulations and judgements of dangerousness. Sciences, 07-049.
The American Journal of Psychology, 1987
ABSTRACT
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2007
The American Journal of Psychology, 1987
ABSTRACT
Studies in health technology and informatics
Road safety monitor 2012; Developments in road fatalities, serious road injuries, measures, and b... more Road safety monitor 2012; Developments in road fatalities, serious road injuries, measures, and behaviour in 2011 Every year, SWOV carries out research into recent road safety developments as part of the project ‘Assessments’. These annual analyses are of a descriptive nature and primarily present a survey of the recent developments. From 2009, the annual analysis has been published under the title Road safety monitor. In addition, the four-yearly ‘Road safety assessment’ looks into explanations for the road safety developments. The present Road safety monitor analyses the developments in 2011. The most important findings of this monitor are: 1. The overall trend in the number of road fatalities is still downward, although the number of road in 2011 (N = 661) is higher than in 2010. 2. The increase in the number of serious road injuries in recent years has continued in 2011. 3. Elderly road users and cyclists in particular have increasingly been involved in road crashes, both in fat...
Evaluation of the moped riding test; Effectiveness concerning road safety of the moped riding tes... more Evaluation of the moped riding test; Effectiveness concerning road safety of the moped riding test and preparatory theory lessons On 1 March 2010, the moped riding test (BPE) was introduced to increase the safety of (light) moped riders and microcar drivers. The BPE consists of two types of tests: 1. the ‘AM2 test’ for (light) moped riders, testing traffic behaviour, and 2. the ‘AM4 test’ for microcar drivers, testing vehicle skills on a closed circuit. In February 2011, the first evaluation of content, execution and results of both practical tests and theory lessons was carried out by Royal HaskoningDHV engineering consultancy. SWOV was asked to perform a second evaluation which was to focus on the road safety effects. To this end, the Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment formulated a number of questions. This report presents the best possible answers to these questions based on the available data. Question 1: Does the AM2 test have a positive effect on road safety?...
TSG, 2008
Een val treedt op bij een persoon op het moment dat men de controle over de balans kwijt is. Voor... more Een val treedt op bij een persoon op het moment dat men de controle over de balans kwijt is. Voor het voorkómen van een val is het van belang om verminderde balanscontrole bij ouderen tijdig te signaleren en behandelen, zoveel mogelijk voordat ouderen komen te vallen. In dit artikel wordt betoogd dat de geringe bereidheid van ouderen om deel te nemen aan interventies gericht op valpreventie samenhangt met hun toenemende lichamelijke inactiviteit. Suggesties worden gedaan voor tijdige signalering van verminderde balanscontrole en preventie van vallen.
Zeitschrift f�r Gerontologie und Geriatrie, 2003
n Summary Physical activity is usually considered as an important component of a healthy lifestyl... more n Summary Physical activity is usually considered as an important component of a healthy lifestyle, including a preventive effect on the risk of falls in the elderly. The relationship between physical activity and falls is complex: physical activity is a prerequisite to maintain neuromuscular functioning, necessary to keep balance and to react to a fall, but a higher level of physical activity also implies a greater exposure to environmental threats, possibly leading to a fall. Related to this greater exposure to threats, the use of a walking aid may protect against falls in those who have impaired mobility. In this cross-sectional study we investigated the relationship between daily physical activity and falls and the use of a walking aid in elderly subjects. Participants were 131 men and 563 women, aged 70 years and over (mean age and standard deviation: 82 ± 6 years), living in homes for the elderly (n = 335) and apartment houses for elderly (n = 359). Data on baseline characteristics and falls in the previous year were obtained using a questionnaire. The level of daily physical activity in the previous year was obtained by means of a questionnaire regarding household and leisure activities. Subjects with a lower extremity fracture in the previous year were excluded from the analyses. Data were analysed using multiple logistic regression, adjusted for age, gender, and residence. In the past year, 40% of the participants fell at least one time, and 19% of the participants fell two times or more. Since falls and recurrent falls were nonlinearly related to the level of daily physical activity, the physical activity score was grouped into quartiles: the highest quartile cor-responding to the highest activity level. Odds ratios (and 95% confidence intervals) for falls and recurrent falls for subjects in the highest quartile contrasted with those in the lowest quartile were 0.5 (0.3-0.9) and 0.3 (0.2-0.6), respectively. The risk of falls and recurrent falls was not lower for those with intermediate levels of daily physical activity.
Preventive Medicine, 2007
The aim of this study was to test the assumption that the level of outdoor physical activity medi... more The aim of this study was to test the assumption that the level of outdoor physical activity mediates the relationship between fear of falling and actual outdoor falls according to the Task Difficulty Homeostasis Theory. A prospective follow-up study of 10 months conducted in the year 2000 in three municipalities in the province of Friesland, The Netherlands. The participants were 1752 people aged 65 and older, living independently, in the community. Main baseline data were age, sex, outdoor physical activities (walking, bicycling), and fear of outdoor falls. The number of people who fell outdoors was recorded. People with a high fear of falling were more often low to moderately active or active compared with people who had no such fears and were more often very active. Fear of falling was not associated with outdoor falls, but it was after taking the level of physical activity into account. Outdoor physical activity mediates the relationship between fear of falling and actual outdoor falls. This implies that the incidence of falls as an outcome in studies does not adequately represent the impact of risk factors for falls and that level of physical activity should be taken into account.
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Papers by Gert Wijlhuizen