Papers by György Andrássy
European public law, Mar 1, 2022
1994: 117. 2 Ez nagyban-egészben áll azokra az emberekre is, akik a saját nyelvükön kívül értenek... more 1994: 117. 2 Ez nagyban-egészben áll azokra az emberekre is, akik a saját nyelvükön kívül értenek és beszélnek még egy vagy több más nyelvet is. 3 Vö. https://www.ethnologue.com/statistics/size 4 A nyelvekre vonatkozó jogi szabályozásnak van egy másik normacsoportja is: ennek tárgyát az egyes nyelvek helyes használata képezi; a jelen tanulmány erre nem terjeszkedik ki. 5 Ezt 1998-ban fogalmaztam meg először, ám akkor még inkább a nyelvi jog megnevezést használtam (vö. Andrássy 1998). Megjegyzem, a nyelvjog terminus használata terjedőben van, de Witte (2004) például még egy fontos tanulmányának a címében is használta.
Az emberi jogok terület szerinti tagolódása Miért fontos, hogy a nyelvi, a kulturális és a vallás... more Az emberi jogok terület szerinti tagolódása Miért fontos, hogy a nyelvi, a kulturális és a vallási jogok részben területfüggő jogok?
International Journal on Minority and Group Rights, 2012
Human rights as legal rights originate from human rights as pre-existing moral rights; however, a... more Human rights as legal rights originate from human rights as pre-existing moral rights; however, as pre-existing human rights are unwritten and invisible, it is uncertain whether all of these rights have been recognised and defined properly. This article advances the thought that if there are any human rights at all and if the civil and political rights recognised and defined by the United Nations represent these pre-existing human rights, then there must be at least one more such right, the right of all to freedom of language and, therefore, the United Nations ought to recognise and define this right too.
History of European Ideas, 1995
4 A nyelvészek a nyelv kultúrahordozó szerepét még a nyelvjárások esetében is ki szokták emelni. ... more 4 A nyelvészek a nyelv kultúrahordozó szerepét még a nyelvjárások esetében is ki szokták emelni. Vö. pl. Kiss Jenő, http://nyelvor.c3.hu/period/1234/123401.htm (utolsó elérés: 2016. október 30.) Az anyanyelvoktatás, a nyelvjárások és a nyelvjárási hátterű iskolások.
Europäisches Journal für Minderheitenfragen, 2011
The paper advances the thesis that at present both international language law and national langua... more The paper advances the thesis that at present both international language law and national language law of most states in relation to the right to use one’s own language are confusing, incoherent and more complicated than ought to be. First the author points out that international language law, which is embedded into international human rights law, recognises the right to use one’s own language not as a universal right, a right for all but as a minority right, a right for some and that this way of recognition of this right is in sharp contradiction with underlying principles of human rights law such as the universal nature of human rights, the principle of equal rights and the principle of non-discrimination. Then the author analyses national language law and concludes that almost all states recognise the right to use one’s own language as a minority right and recognise it, though in most cases only implicitly, as a majority right, too. In other words, under national law practically all human beings do enjoy this right in one way or another. After all, international legislators also ought to recognise this right not only as the right of persons belonging to linguistic minorities, but as a simple universal human right, as everyone’s right to use his own language.
Ultimate Reality and Meaning, 1988
was born on May 5th 1818 in Germany, in Trier, Rhineland. His family was of Jewish origin. Among ... more was born on May 5th 1818 in Germany, in Trier, Rhineland. His family was of Jewish origin. Among his ancestors on his mother's side we know of several rabbis, and his father's grandfather was also a rabbi. Marx's father was a respected lawyer in Trier. His thinking was imbued with the ideals of the Enlightenment, and he liked Voltaire especially. In 1819 (Kliem, 1970, pp. 48-49) he became a Lutheran Christian under the pressure of the Prussian government. Marx spent his childhood in Trier which was inhabited mostly by Catholics. Picturesque Trier is one of Germany's oldest towns with great historical interest with some buildings from Roman times and an architectural tradition of two millenia. This special atmosphere may have contributed to the fact that history became central in Marx's thinking later on. We do not know whether Marx attended any primary school, but it is certain that he was a pupil of the grammar school in Trier between 1830 and 1835. According to the records certificate he was not a model pupil, but ranked among the better ones. He began his university studies in 1835, and studied law first at the University of Bonn, and philosophy and history from 1836 at the University of Berlin. During the two semesters in Bonn he led an easier life, whereas in Berlin he worked so intensively that his health suffered. In 1841 he acquired the title doctor of philosophy from the University of Jena for a thesis on Epicurus and Democritus. Because of his criticism of religion he was unable to get a professorship at the University of Bonn and he worked as a journalist in Cologne on the Rheinische Zeitung, but in 1843 the paper was suppressed. He married Jenny von Westphalen, a childhood friend of his who was more than four years older, and in the same year emigrated to Paris as a contributor to a newly-founded journal. However, only one issue of the Deutsch-Franzosische Jahrbucher was published. In it Marx published two important papers: On the Jewish Question and A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right: Introduction. In Paris his lifelong friendship with Friedrich Engels began and they wrote their first collective work, The Holy F amity.
Foreign Policy Review, 2021
International law recognizes language rights within international human rights law and the study ... more International law recognizes language rights within international human rights law and the study shows that while codifying human rights within the UN and the Council of Europe, legislators have made two serious mistakes that affect language rights. The competent bodies of implementation have corrected, to some extent the first mistake, but they have not recognized the second one or if they have recognized it, they have not interpreted it appropriately. Then the study concludes that what is most lacking from international law regarding language rights is the explicit recognition of freedom of language and a satisfactory definition of minority language rights. However, since minority language rights cannot be properly defined in the absence of the definition of freedom of language, the study seeks to define this freedom and according to the definition found, freedom of language is a partly territorial human right.
Shaping Language Rights Commentary on the European Charter For Regional or Minority Languages in Light of the Committee of Experts Evaluation 2012 Isbn 978 92 871 7216 7 Pags 79 120, 2012
Información del artículo Article 1c. Non-territorial languages.
Acta Humana
A tanulmány fő állítása az, hogy az Emberi Jogok Nemzetközi Törvényében (EJNT) elismert jogok ter... more A tanulmány fő állítása az, hogy az Emberi Jogok Nemzetközi Törvényében (EJNT) elismert jogok terület szerint (is) tagolódnak, éspedig a) területhez nem kötött, b) területhez kötött és c) területileg vegyes jogokra. A területhez nem kötött jogok mindenkit megilletnek mindenhol, a területhez kötött jogok mindenkit megilletnek, de nem mindenhol, a területileg vegyes jogok pedig mindenkit megilletnek részint mindenhol, részint nem mindenhol. A területi tipológia ellentmondásban áll az EJNT-t alkotó fő okmányoknak azokkal a rendelkezéseivel, amelyek értelmében az okmányokban elismert valamennyi jog mindenkit megillet mindenhol, azaz területhez nem kötött jog. A tanulmány azonban feltárja az új tipológia logikai-matematikai alapját, és rávilágít, hogy ennek fényében az említett rendelkezések egy következtetés folyományai, a következtetés azonban logikailag hamis. Kimutatja továbbá, hogy az EJNT-ben elismert jogok mintegy 40%-a részben vagy egészben területhez kötött jog, s ily mó...
Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies
This essay is an historical approach to the thesis that present changes in Hungary are, despite a... more This essay is an historical approach to the thesis that present changes in Hungary are, despite all appearances, parts and results of a long process. Western liberal democracies have served as models for various Hungarian political movments and social classes for some two centuries, and political changes similar to contemporary ones have occurred repeatedly in Hungary. An important feature of Hungarian political and civil attitudes is that these changes usually take the shape of "lawful revolutions." Most political, legal, and social conditions needed to complete the transition from a communist system to a free and democratic Hungary are now present. However, the process is endangered by a tremendous national debt and national conflicts in the region.
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Papers by György Andrássy