National resilience and defending the country are important concepts in maintaining the integrity... more National resilience and defending the country are important concepts in maintaining the integrity and sustainability of a country. National resilience includes the conception, conditions, and methods of strategy that guide the regulation of state administration. It involves ideological, political, cultural, and multi-layered dimensions of resilience concepts from the individual to the national level. At the core of national resilience is the ability to deal with both military and nonmilitary threats with an increasingly broad and complex spectrum. State defense activities are efforts of citizens to realize national resilience. State defense includes physical or military as well as nonphysical or nonmilitary actions from within and outside the country. Every citizen has the right and obligation to participate in the defense of the state. Defending the country physically involves "bearing arms" to deal with enemy attacks or aggression from outside. Meanwhile, defending the country nonphysically involves efforts to increase national and state awareness, instill love for the motherland, and play an active role in advancing the nation and state. Emphasis is given to the importance of understanding and active participation in national resilience and defending the state as an effort to maintain the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia. In an increasingly complex and diverse situation, all elements of society must unite to face the challenges and threats that may arise, both from within and outside the country.
The psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud is known for introducing the ego, superego and id in t... more The psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud is known for introducing the ego, superego and id in the human being. Although there is a lot of controversy over this theory, but in fact it is still used in the world of education. The superego and id are described as subconscious like an invisible part of an iceberg. Both are bigger than the egos that appear on the surface. The problem is that if id equals ego then superego equals zero. This means that the superego does not work. Thus immorality, and evil will more easily appear in human deeds. This paper aims to optimize the superego in the theory of Sigmund Freud in character education. If the superego is greater than the id then it is certain that the ego is the same as the superego. The approach used for the arguments of this paper is descriptive qualitative with a literature review approach. Studies that use literary sources related to psychoanalytic theory and its use in character education. The result is that the approach of Sigmund Freud's theory in character education with the optimization of the superego can prevent the potential of id from developing in the human being. The superego which consists of strengthening character, morals, love, and spirituality can restrain the development of id in a person to manifest in deeds (ego). This superego optimaslisation can be applied in basic education from an early age to strengthen character education in Indonesia.
National resilience and defending the country are important concepts in maintaining the integrity... more National resilience and defending the country are important concepts in maintaining the integrity and sustainability of a country. National resilience includes the conception, conditions, and methods of strategy that guide the regulation of state administration. It involves ideological, political, cultural, and multi-layered dimensions of resilience concepts from the individual to the national level. At the core of national resilience is the ability to deal with both military and nonmilitary threats with an increasingly broad and complex spectrum. State defense activities are efforts of citizens to realize national resilience. State defense includes physical or military as well as nonphysical or nonmilitary actions from within and outside the country. Every citizen has the right and obligation to participate in the defense of the state. Defending the country physically involves "bearing arms" to deal with enemy attacks or aggression from outside. Meanwhile, defending the country nonphysically involves efforts to increase national and state awareness, instill love for the motherland, and play an active role in advancing the nation and state. Emphasis is given to the importance of understanding and active participation in national resilience and defending the state as an effort to maintain the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia. In an increasingly complex and diverse situation, all elements of society must unite to face the challenges and threats that may arise, both from within and outside the country.
The psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud is known for introducing the ego, superego and id in t... more The psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud is known for introducing the ego, superego and id in the human being. Although there is a lot of controversy over this theory, but in fact it is still used in the world of education. The superego and id are described as subconscious like an invisible part of an iceberg. Both are bigger than the egos that appear on the surface. The problem is that if id equals ego then superego equals zero. This means that the superego does not work. Thus immorality, and evil will more easily appear in human deeds. This paper aims to optimize the superego in the theory of Sigmund Freud in character education. If the superego is greater than the id then it is certain that the ego is the same as the superego. The approach used for the arguments of this paper is descriptive qualitative with a literature review approach. Studies that use literary sources related to psychoanalytic theory and its use in character education. The result is that the approach of Sigmund Freud's theory in character education with the optimization of the superego can prevent the potential of id from developing in the human being. The superego which consists of strengthening character, morals, love, and spirituality can restrain the development of id in a person to manifest in deeds (ego). This superego optimaslisation can be applied in basic education from an early age to strengthen character education in Indonesia.
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