The Vitoria 2014 conference was attended by 120 participants from around the world and was organi... more The Vitoria 2014 conference was attended by 120 participants from around the world and was organized into four thematic areas: Application of biotechnologies in tree breeding and deployment; Physiological genetics and epi-genetics of somatic embryogenesis (SE) and other vegetative propagation techniques (VP); Development and application of complementary technologies based on SE and VP; and Development of SE and VP technologies and their scale-up applications. A total of 46 oral presentations (15 invited and 31 voluntary) were made. Equally important, 49 posters were presented. These scientific sessions provided ample opportunities to discuss the newest developments and to network with one another. The local committee (NEIKER -Tecnalia) executed flawless scientific sessions at historic "Palacio de Villa Suso" and arranged a fantastic social program and field trips: Welcome Reception, Rioja winery visit and dinner, Museum visit and Gala dinner, Old city visit and Pintxo-Pote, and Urdaibai Biosphere visit and farewell dinner. Thank you, Paloma, Iranzu, Itziar, Olatz, Yolanda, Alex and Pablo ! To promote the future scientific endeavors of this group, we held the first "Student Scientific Award" competition. Alexandre Morel (France) received the award, and the runners-up were Azahara Barra Jiménez (Spain), Johanna Carlsson (Sweden), Biljana Đorđević (Czech Republic), and Juliane Raschke (Germany). Also, Drs. Krystyna Klimaszewska, Heung-Kyu Moon, and David Thompson were recognized for their contributions to SE and VP. Dr. Yill-Sung Park, founder and first coordinator of this IUFRO unit, was recognized by all his colleagues for his scientific career and enthusiastic promotion of the working group. In anticipation of Yill-Sung's retirement, Jean-François Trontin assumed the responsibility of the coordinator for this IUFRO unit.
To implement multivarietal forestry, the availability of an efficient and economically viable met... more To implement multivarietal forestry, the availability of an efficient and economically viable methodology for vegetative propagation is required. In addition field tested varieties have to be developed. Somatic embryogenesis is increasingly being considered as the most appropriate way of cloning forest species. The cork oak (Quercus suber L.), one of the most important Mediterranean tree species, has been considered recalcitrant to vegetative propagation for long time. In this article we review the current status of plant regeneration by somatic embryogenesis in this species, and report on a joined effort between IMIDRA, a public research institution, and TRAGSA, a public company, to apply this tissue culture derived methodology to cork oak genetic improvement. At IMIDRA, a protocol to induce somatic embryogenesis in leaves of adult cork oak trees, applicable to any genotype, that allow to clone elite trees has been developed. In the frame of the project SEFEAL-2 led by TRAGSA, this protocol is being implemented with the goal of cloning trees, selected for their cork quality and productivity in Extremadura (Spain). Data on current frequencies of induction of embryogenic lines, and of plant conversion and survival at the operational level are provided.
Background: Adventitious rooting is an organogenic process by which roots are induced from differ... more Background: Adventitious rooting is an organogenic process by which roots are induced from differentiated cells other than those specified to develop roots. In forest tree species, age and maturation are barriers to adventitious root formation by stem cuttings. The mechanisms behind the respecification of fully differentiated progenitor cells, which underlies adventitious root formation, are unknown.
Investigación Agraria: Sistemas y Recursos Forestales, 2005
Para dar sentido agronómico a diferentes biotecnologías de aplicación, esto es, para poder transf... more Para dar sentido agronómico a diferentes biotecnologías de aplicación, esto es, para poder transferir las posibilidades que ofrecen a la actividad operativa, es necesario disponer de una técnica fiable de regeneración de plantas. El cultivo de tejidos de genotipos valiosos, de meristemos libres de virus, de células transformadas, etc., no sirve de nada desde un punto de vista aplicado si de ellos no es posible conseguir la multiplicación en masa de dichos genotipos selectos, obtener plantas saneadas o lograr plantas transgénicas, en condiciones económicamente viables. La embriogénesis somática está ampliamente considerada como la mejor vía de regeneración que utiliza las técnicas de cultivo de tejidos vegetales en biotecnología forestal. Los avances actuales en biotecnología-genómica están teniendo un gran impacto en el uso de material selecto en muchos programas de mejora. La embriogénesis somática está contribuyendo a la producción de plantas transgénicas y a la consecución de la silvicultura clonal de alta productividad, con calidad de madera mejorada y menor impacto de enfermedades, en plantaciones forestales. Este artículo revisa la situación actual de la embriogénesis somática aplicada a especies forestales.
Para dar sentido agronómico a diferentes biotecnologías de aplicación, esto es, para poder transf... more Para dar sentido agronómico a diferentes biotecnologías de aplicación, esto es, para poder transferir las posibilidades que ofrecen a la actividad operativa, es necesario disponer de una técnica fiable de regeneración de plantas. El cultivo de tejidos de genotipos valiosos, de meristemos libres de virus, de células transformadas, etc., no sirve de nada desde un punto de vista aplicado si de ellos no es posible conseguir la multiplicación en masa de dichos genotipos selectos, obtener plantas saneadas o lograr plantas transgénicas, en condiciones económicamente viables. La embriogénesis somática está ampliamente considerada como la mejor vía de regeneración que utiliza las técnicas de cultivo de tejidos vegetales en biotecnología forestal. Los avances actuales en biotecnología-genómica están teniendo un gran impacto en el uso de material selecto en muchos programas de mejora. La embriogénesis somática está contribuyendo a la producción de plantas transgénicas y a la consecución de la silvicultura clonal de alta productividad, con calidad de madera mejorada y menor impacto de enfermedades, en plantaciones forestales. Este artículo revisa la situación actual de la embriogénesis somática aplicada a especies forestales.
Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 2009
Regeneration of plants by somatic embryogenesis (SE) was achieved in Stone pine (Pinus pinea), on... more Regeneration of plants by somatic embryogenesis (SE) was achieved in Stone pine (Pinus pinea), one of the most characteristic tree species of the Mediterranean ecosystem. The initial explants were megagametophytes containing zygotic embryos from five selected half-sib families collected at different dates over 2 consecutive years. Rates of extrusion and initiation of SE differed in both years. However, qualitative patterns were very similar: for most families, the responsive developmental window was from late cleavage polyembryony to early cotyledonary stage. The highest overall mean frequencies of extrusion and SE initiation (7 and 0.9%, respectively, for the five families and the eight 2006 collections) were obtained on a modified Litvay's medium with 9 lM 2,4-D and 4.5 lM BAP, supplemented with L-glutamine and casein hydrolysate. Families showed large differences in frequencies of SE initiation from year to year. Only seven embryogenic lines were induced in 2005, representing three of the five families tested, whereas 34 lines from all the families were obtained in 2006. Proliferation of embryonal masses (EM) was significantly improved when they were subcultured after dispersing in liquid medium and collected on filter paper disks, instead of being subcultured as small clumps. This effect showed a significant interaction with genotype. Several preconditioning treatments and culture media combinations were tested for embryo development and maturation. The high proliferation rate of EM hampered somatic embryo development. However, up to 42 mature embryos from different lines of three of the five families were obtained, 23 of them germinated and seven converted into somatic seedlings.
The Vitoria 2014 conference was attended by 120 participants from around the world and was organi... more The Vitoria 2014 conference was attended by 120 participants from around the world and was organized into four thematic areas: Application of biotechnologies in tree breeding and deployment; Physiological genetics and epi-genetics of somatic embryogenesis (SE) and other vegetative propagation techniques (VP); Development and application of complementary technologies based on SE and VP; and Development of SE and VP technologies and their scale-up applications. A total of 46 oral presentations (15 invited and 31 voluntary) were made. Equally important, 49 posters were presented. These scientific sessions provided ample opportunities to discuss the newest developments and to network with one another. The local committee (NEIKER -Tecnalia) executed flawless scientific sessions at historic "Palacio de Villa Suso" and arranged a fantastic social program and field trips: Welcome Reception, Rioja winery visit and dinner, Museum visit and Gala dinner, Old city visit and Pintxo-Pote, and Urdaibai Biosphere visit and farewell dinner. Thank you, Paloma, Iranzu, Itziar, Olatz, Yolanda, Alex and Pablo ! To promote the future scientific endeavors of this group, we held the first "Student Scientific Award" competition. Alexandre Morel (France) received the award, and the runners-up were Azahara Barra Jiménez (Spain), Johanna Carlsson (Sweden), Biljana Đorđević (Czech Republic), and Juliane Raschke (Germany). Also, Drs. Krystyna Klimaszewska, Heung-Kyu Moon, and David Thompson were recognized for their contributions to SE and VP. Dr. Yill-Sung Park, founder and first coordinator of this IUFRO unit, was recognized by all his colleagues for his scientific career and enthusiastic promotion of the working group. In anticipation of Yill-Sung's retirement, Jean-François Trontin assumed the responsibility of the coordinator for this IUFRO unit.
To implement multivarietal forestry, the availability of an efficient and economically viable met... more To implement multivarietal forestry, the availability of an efficient and economically viable methodology for vegetative propagation is required. In addition field tested varieties have to be developed. Somatic embryogenesis is increasingly being considered as the most appropriate way of cloning forest species. The cork oak (Quercus suber L.), one of the most important Mediterranean tree species, has been considered recalcitrant to vegetative propagation for long time. In this article we review the current status of plant regeneration by somatic embryogenesis in this species, and report on a joined effort between IMIDRA, a public research institution, and TRAGSA, a public company, to apply this tissue culture derived methodology to cork oak genetic improvement. At IMIDRA, a protocol to induce somatic embryogenesis in leaves of adult cork oak trees, applicable to any genotype, that allow to clone elite trees has been developed. In the frame of the project SEFEAL-2 led by TRAGSA, this protocol is being implemented with the goal of cloning trees, selected for their cork quality and productivity in Extremadura (Spain). Data on current frequencies of induction of embryogenic lines, and of plant conversion and survival at the operational level are provided.
Background: Adventitious rooting is an organogenic process by which roots are induced from differ... more Background: Adventitious rooting is an organogenic process by which roots are induced from differentiated cells other than those specified to develop roots. In forest tree species, age and maturation are barriers to adventitious root formation by stem cuttings. The mechanisms behind the respecification of fully differentiated progenitor cells, which underlies adventitious root formation, are unknown.
Investigación Agraria: Sistemas y Recursos Forestales, 2005
Para dar sentido agronómico a diferentes biotecnologías de aplicación, esto es, para poder transf... more Para dar sentido agronómico a diferentes biotecnologías de aplicación, esto es, para poder transferir las posibilidades que ofrecen a la actividad operativa, es necesario disponer de una técnica fiable de regeneración de plantas. El cultivo de tejidos de genotipos valiosos, de meristemos libres de virus, de células transformadas, etc., no sirve de nada desde un punto de vista aplicado si de ellos no es posible conseguir la multiplicación en masa de dichos genotipos selectos, obtener plantas saneadas o lograr plantas transgénicas, en condiciones económicamente viables. La embriogénesis somática está ampliamente considerada como la mejor vía de regeneración que utiliza las técnicas de cultivo de tejidos vegetales en biotecnología forestal. Los avances actuales en biotecnología-genómica están teniendo un gran impacto en el uso de material selecto en muchos programas de mejora. La embriogénesis somática está contribuyendo a la producción de plantas transgénicas y a la consecución de la silvicultura clonal de alta productividad, con calidad de madera mejorada y menor impacto de enfermedades, en plantaciones forestales. Este artículo revisa la situación actual de la embriogénesis somática aplicada a especies forestales.
Para dar sentido agronómico a diferentes biotecnologías de aplicación, esto es, para poder transf... more Para dar sentido agronómico a diferentes biotecnologías de aplicación, esto es, para poder transferir las posibilidades que ofrecen a la actividad operativa, es necesario disponer de una técnica fiable de regeneración de plantas. El cultivo de tejidos de genotipos valiosos, de meristemos libres de virus, de células transformadas, etc., no sirve de nada desde un punto de vista aplicado si de ellos no es posible conseguir la multiplicación en masa de dichos genotipos selectos, obtener plantas saneadas o lograr plantas transgénicas, en condiciones económicamente viables. La embriogénesis somática está ampliamente considerada como la mejor vía de regeneración que utiliza las técnicas de cultivo de tejidos vegetales en biotecnología forestal. Los avances actuales en biotecnología-genómica están teniendo un gran impacto en el uso de material selecto en muchos programas de mejora. La embriogénesis somática está contribuyendo a la producción de plantas transgénicas y a la consecución de la silvicultura clonal de alta productividad, con calidad de madera mejorada y menor impacto de enfermedades, en plantaciones forestales. Este artículo revisa la situación actual de la embriogénesis somática aplicada a especies forestales.
Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 2009
Regeneration of plants by somatic embryogenesis (SE) was achieved in Stone pine (Pinus pinea), on... more Regeneration of plants by somatic embryogenesis (SE) was achieved in Stone pine (Pinus pinea), one of the most characteristic tree species of the Mediterranean ecosystem. The initial explants were megagametophytes containing zygotic embryos from five selected half-sib families collected at different dates over 2 consecutive years. Rates of extrusion and initiation of SE differed in both years. However, qualitative patterns were very similar: for most families, the responsive developmental window was from late cleavage polyembryony to early cotyledonary stage. The highest overall mean frequencies of extrusion and SE initiation (7 and 0.9%, respectively, for the five families and the eight 2006 collections) were obtained on a modified Litvay's medium with 9 lM 2,4-D and 4.5 lM BAP, supplemented with L-glutamine and casein hydrolysate. Families showed large differences in frequencies of SE initiation from year to year. Only seven embryogenic lines were induced in 2005, representing three of the five families tested, whereas 34 lines from all the families were obtained in 2006. Proliferation of embryonal masses (EM) was significantly improved when they were subcultured after dispersing in liquid medium and collected on filter paper disks, instead of being subcultured as small clumps. This effect showed a significant interaction with genotype. Several preconditioning treatments and culture media combinations were tested for embryo development and maturation. The high proliferation rate of EM hampered somatic embryo development. However, up to 42 mature embryos from different lines of three of the five families were obtained, 23 of them germinated and seven converted into somatic seedlings.
Uploads
Papers by Elena Carneros