Papers by Eduardo Garcia-Paricio
Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, Feb 1, 2020
Gas and electricity transmission systems are increasingly interconnected, and an attack on certai... more Gas and electricity transmission systems are increasingly interconnected, and an attack on certain assets can cause serious energy supply disruptions, as stated in recommendation (EU) 2019/553 on cybersecurity in the energy sector, recently approved by the European Commission. This study aims to assess the vulnerability of coupled natural gas and electricity infrastructures and proposes a method based on graph theory that incorporates the effects of interdependencies between networks. This study is built in a joint framework, where two different attack strategies are applied to the integrated systems: (1) disruptions to facilities with most links and (2) disruptions to the most important facilities in terms of flow. The vulnerability is measured after each network attack by quantifying the unmet load (UL) through a power flow analysis and calculating the topological damage of the systems with the geodesic vulnerability (̅) index. The proposed simulation framework is applied to a case study that consists of the IEEE 118-bus test system and a 25-node high-pressure natural gas network, where both are coupled through seven gas-fired power plants (GFPPs) and three electric compressors (ECs). The methodology is useful for estimating vulnerability in both systems in a coupled manner, studying the propagation of interdependencies in the two networks and showing the applicability of the ̅ index as a substitute for the UL index.
Forecasting
Assessing the training process of artificial neural networks (ANNs) is vital for enhancing their ... more Assessing the training process of artificial neural networks (ANNs) is vital for enhancing their performance and broadening their applicability. This paper employs the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) technique, integrated with a stopping criterion, to construct the probability distribution of the learning error of an ANN designed for short-term forecasting. The training and validation processes were conducted multiple times, each time considering a unique random starting point, and the subsequent forecasting error was calculated one step ahead. From this, we ascertained the probability of having obtained all the local optima. Our extensive computational analysis involved training a shallow feedforward neural network (FFNN) using wind power and load demand data from the transmission systems of the Netherlands and Germany. Furthermore, the analysis was expanded to include wind speed prediction using a long short-term memory (LSTM) network at a site in Spain. The improvement gained from t...
Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2021
One of the most critical issues in the evaluation of power systems is the identification of criti... more One of the most critical issues in the evaluation of power systems is the identification of critical buses. For this purpose, this paper proposes a new methodology that evaluates the substitution of the power flow technique by the geodesic vulnerability index to identify critical nodes in power systems. Both methods are applied comparatively to demonstrate the scope of the proposed approach. The applicability of the methodology is illustrated using the IEEE 118-bus test system as a case study. To identify the critical components, a node is initially disconnected, and the performance of the resulting topology is evaluated in the face of simulations for multiple cascading faults. Cascading events are simulated by randomly removing assets on a system that continually changes its structure with the elimination of each component. Thus, the classification of the critical nodes is determined by evaluating the resulting performance of 118 different topologies and calculating the damaged area for each of the disintegration curves of cascading failures. In summary, the feasibility and suitability of complex network theory are justified to identify critical nodes in power systems.
Energy, 2019
A computational model for designing direct-load control (DLC) demand response (DR) contracts is p... more A computational model for designing direct-load control (DLC) demand response (DR) contracts is presented in this paper. The critical and controllable loads are identified in each node of the distribution system (DS). Critical loads have to be supplied as demanded by users, while the controllable loads can be connected during a determined time interval. The time interval at which each controllable load can be supplied is determined by means of a contract or compromise established between the utility operator and the corresponding consumers of each node of the DS. This approach allows us to reduce the negative impact of the DLC program on consumers' lifestyles. Using daily forecasting of wind speed and power, solar radiation and temperature, the optimal allocation of DR resources is determined by solving an optimization problem through a genetic algorithm where the energy content of conventional power generation and battery discharging energy are minimized. The proposed approach was illustrated by analyzing a system located in the Virgin Islands. Capabilities and characteristics of the proposed method in daily and annual terms are fully discussed, as well as the influence of forecasting errors.
Electric Power Systems Research, 2019
The ATLAS experiment is composed of a set of sub-detectors which have differing requirements for ... more The ATLAS experiment is composed of a set of sub-detectors which have differing requirements for operation. The task of the Detector Control System is to enable the coherent and safe operation of the experiment. In order to provide the required functionality, the Back-End of the control system is hierarchically organized, using a Finite State Machine approach. This paper presents the overall architecture and the standardized interfaces used to represent the sub-detectors, subsystems and hardware components that constitute the hierarchical experiment control system.
Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2019
Gas and electricity transmission systems are increasingly interconnected, and an attack on certai... more Gas and electricity transmission systems are increasingly interconnected, and an attack on certain assets can cause serious energy supply disruptions, as stated in recommendation (EU) 2019/553 on cybersecurity in the energy sector, recently approved by the European Commission. This study aims to assess the vulnerability of coupled natural gas and electricity infrastructures and proposes a method based on graph theory that incorporates the effects of interdependencies between networks. This study is built in a joint framework, where two different attack strategies are applied to the integrated systems: (1) disruptions to facilities with most links and (2) disruptions to the most important facilities in terms of flow. The vulnerability is measured after each network attack by quantifying the unmet load (UL) through a power flow analysis and calculating the topological damage of the systems with the geodesic vulnerability (̅) index. The proposed simulation framework is applied to a case study that consists of the IEEE 118-bus test system and a 25-node high-pressure natural gas network, where both are coupled through seven gas-fired power plants (GFPPs) and three electric compressors (ECs). The methodology is useful for estimating vulnerability in both systems in a coupled manner, studying the propagation of interdependencies in the two networks and showing the applicability of the ̅ index as a substitute for the UL index.
2020 IEEE International Autumn Meeting on Power, Electronics and Computing (ROPEC), 2020
Traditionally, vulnerability is the level of degradation caused by failures or disturbances, and ... more Traditionally, vulnerability is the level of degradation caused by failures or disturbances, and resilience is the ability to recover after a high-impact event. This paper presents a topological procedure based on graph theory to evaluate the vulnerability and resilience of power grids. A cascading failures model is developed by eliminating lines both deliberately and randomly, and four restoration strategies inspired by the network approach are proposed. In the two cases, the degradation and recovery of the electrical infrastructure are quantified through four centrality measures. Here, an index called flow-capacity is proposed to measure the level of network overload during the iterative processes. The developed sequential framework was tested on a graph of 600 nodes and 1196 edges built from the 400 kV high-voltage power system in Spain. The conclusions obtained show that the statistical graph indices measure different topological aspects of the network, so it is essential to combine the results to obtain a broader view of the structural behaviour of the infrastructure.
2020 IEEE International Autumn Meeting on Power, Electronics and Computing (ROPEC), 2020
Traditionally, vulnerability is the level of degradation caused by failures or disturbances, and ... more Traditionally, vulnerability is the level of degradation caused by failures or disturbances, and resilience is the ability to recover after a high-impact event. This paper presents a topological procedure based on graph theory to evaluate the vulnerability and resilience of power grids. A cascading failures model is developed by eliminating lines both deliberately and randomly, and four restoration strategies inspired by the network approach are proposed. In the two cases, the degradation and recovery of the electrical infrastructure are quantified through four centrality measures. Here, an index called flow-capacity is proposed to measure the level of network overload during the iterative processes. The developed sequential framework was tested on a graph of 600 nodes and 1196 edges built from the 400 kV high-voltage power system in Spain. The conclusions obtained show that the statistical graph indices measure different topological aspects of the network, so it is essential to com...
Energies, 2019
In this paper, we evaluate the use of statistical indexes from graph theory as a possible alterna... more In this paper, we evaluate the use of statistical indexes from graph theory as a possible alternative to power-flow techniques for analyzing cascading failures in coupled electric power and natural gas transmission systems. Both methodologies are applied comparatively to coupled IEEE and natural gas test networks. The cascading failure events are simulated through two strategies of network decomposition: Deliberate attacks on highly connected nodes and random faults. The analysis is performed by simulating successive N-k contingencies in a coupled network, where the network structure changes with the elimination of each node. The suitability of graph-theoretic techniques for assessing the vulnerability of interdependent electric power and natural gas infrastructures is demonstrated.
Desarrollo de una metodologia util y de sencilla aplicacion para determinar la incidencia en las ... more Desarrollo de una metodologia util y de sencilla aplicacion para determinar la incidencia en las emisiones contaminantes a la atmosfera, directas e indirectas, debidas a la sustitucion, en mayor o menor proporcion, de vehiculos convencionales de combustion interna por vehiculos electricos en el ambito urbano. Se analiza con igual profundidad el efecto que la predicha sustitucion provoca en el comportamiento de la demanda energetica de la ciudad considerada. Se ha tomado como modelo la ciudad de Zaragoza (Espana). Para finalizar, se evalua el potencial fotovoltaico de las cubiertas de la ciudad modelo mediante un metodo aproximado desarrollado a tal efecto para esta aplicacion, y se evalua su incidencia en la demanda energetica electrica y en las emisiones contaminantes, en combinacion con la sustitucion de vehiculos. En funcion de datos estadisticos o datos fisicos de las demas capitales de provincia espanolas, partiendo de la ciudad modelo, se desarrolla una metodologia de extrapol...
IEEE Latin America Transactions, 2021
Electric power systems are prone to disturbances and contingencies, which can trigger cascading f... more Electric power systems are prone to disturbances and contingencies, which can trigger cascading failures with severe consequences for society. These undesirable events could disintegrate the electrical infrastructure in areas with disconnected elements. In this article, we propose a novel procedure to restore a collapsed power grid composed of multiple islands and isolated assets. The framework developed identifies the power lines to be closed during the electrical network recovery stages. In the latter, link overload limits and generation thresholds are taken into account. Two disintegrated networks based on the well-known IEEE 57-bus test system are built to demonstrate the performance of our proposal. In summary, this methodology provides a solution to recover the power system optimally and reliably.
Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2020
One of the most critical issues in the evaluation of power systems is the identification of criti... more One of the most critical issues in the evaluation of power systems is the identification of critical buses. For this purpose, this paper proposes a new methodology that evaluates the substitution of the power flow technique by the geodesic vulnerability index to identify critical nodes in power grids. Both methods are applied comparatively to demonstrate the scope of the proposed approach. The applicability of the methodology is illustrated using the IEEE 118-bus test system as a case study. To identify the critical components, a node is initially disconnected , and the performance of the resulting topology is evaluated in the face of simulations for multiple cascading faults. Cascading events are simulated by randomly removing assets on a system that continually changes its structure with the elimination of each component. Thus, the classification of the critical nodes is determined by evaluating the resulting performance of 118 different topologies and calculating the damage area ...
Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2020
One of the most critical issues in the evaluation of power systems is the identification of criti... more One of the most critical issues in the evaluation of power systems is the identification of critical buses. For this purpose, this paper proposes a new methodology that evaluates the substitution of the power flow technique by the geodesic vulnerability index to identify critical nodes in power grids. Both methods are applied comparatively to demonstrate the scope of the proposed approach. The applicability of the methodology is illustrated using the IEEE 118-bus test system as a case study. To identify the critical components, a node is initially disconnected , and the performance of the resulting topology is evaluated in the face of simulations for multiple cascading faults. Cascading events are simulated by randomly removing assets on a system that continually changes its structure with the elimination of each component. Thus, the classification of the critical nodes is determined by evaluating the resulting performance of 118 different topologies and calculating the damage area ...
2020 IEEE International Autumn Meeting on Power, Electronics and Computing (ROPEC), 2020
Traditionally, vulnerability is the level of degradation caused by failures or disturbances, and ... more Traditionally, vulnerability is the level of degradation caused by failures or disturbances, and resilience is the ability to recover after a high-impact event. This paper presents a topological procedure based on graph theory to evaluate the vulnerability and resilience of power grids. A cascading failures model is developed by eliminating lines both deliberately and randomly, and four restoration strategies inspired by the network approach are proposed. In the two cases, the degradation and recovery of the electrical infrastructure are quantified through four centrality measures. Here, an index called flow-capacity is proposed to measure the level of network overload during the iterative processes. The developed sequential framework was tested on a graph of 600 nodes and 1196 edges built from the 400 kV high-voltage power system in Spain. The conclusions obtained show that the statistical graph indices measure different topological aspects of the network, so it is essential to combine the results to obtain a broader view of the structural behaviour of the infrastructure.
Energies, 2019
In this paper, we evaluate the use of statistical indexes from graph theory as a possible alterna... more In this paper, we evaluate the use of statistical indexes from graph theory as a possible alternative to power-flow techniques for analyzing cascading failures in coupled electric power and natural gas transmission systems. Both methodologies are applied comparatively to coupled IEEE and natural gas test networks. The cascading failure events are simulated through two strategies of network decomposition: Deliberate attacks on highly connected nodes and random faults. The analysis is performed by simulating successive N-k contingencies in a coupled network, where the network structure changes with the elimination of each node. The suitability of graph-theoretic techniques for assessing the vulnerability of interdependent electric power and natural gas infrastructures is demonstrated.
Uploads
Papers by Eduardo Garcia-Paricio