International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science
Being a key component of Ebonyi State economy, revenue from its agricultural sector has been on t... more Being a key component of Ebonyi State economy, revenue from its agricultural sector has been on the decline. Literature search show that issues of constraints to agricultural productivity in the State have not been sufficiently classified. This study fills this gap by ascertaining the impact of economic, social and environmental factors on agricultural productivity in Abakaliki metropolis. Based on structural change theory, primary data were generated with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 20 villages while purposive sampling technique was applied in selecting 10 farmers making it a total of 200 participants. Three null hypotheses were tested using F-test from analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Welch tests. We found that economic, social and environmental factors significantly constrained agricultural productivity in Abakaliki Metropolis. We also found evidences that high cost of mechanised farming relative to manual labour...
In recent times, various aspects of labour unionism have been the subject of numerous studies by ... more In recent times, various aspects of labour unionism have been the subject of numerous studies by economists, historians, lawyers, political scientists, psychologists and specialists in other disciplines but none of these have been able to empirically determine the major factors that propel employees into joining labour unions. By attempting to provide generalizations about the demand for unionism in the Nigeria workforce, this study departs from the traditions of much of the literatures in this field. By so doing, it hopes to be able to make some contributions to both the substance and the method of the theory of the demand for unionism in Nigeria. With the application of E-views 5, a regression analysis was carried out using time series data on cost of living, work stoppages, nominal wage, unemployment and labour union membership. The study concluded that while the influences of cost of living and nominal wage on union membership were positive and significant, work stoppages in the previous period had a positive but insignificant influence on the growth of labour union membership in Nigeria. This study therefore recommends that unions should not be looked upon as agents of destabilization; they should rather be co-opted into national planning/decision making processes.
International Journal of Economics Development Research, Jan 29, 2021
This study examines the impact of computing education and decent work on economic growth in Niger... more This study examines the impact of computing education and decent work on economic growth in Nigeria, using Enugu state as a case study. 250 respondents were randomly selected using a structured questionnaire. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) technique was employed in analyzing the data. Computing education is measured by household investment (enrolment) in ICT/computing education courses. Employment opportunitiesemployed household members-to-household size, remunerative employment, conditions of work and social security are used to measure decent work. Economic growth, on the other hand, is measured by per capita household income. The results of the study showed that computing education had a significant impact on economic growth. Employment opportunities and social security were also found to had a significant impact on economic growth. Conditions of work had a positive and insignificant impact on economic growth, while remunerative employment had a negative and insignificant impact on economic growth. Computing education and employment opportunities were complementary. Also, there was a complementary effect of computing education and remunerative employment, computing education and decent work, and computing education and social security on economic growth. Among the measures of decent work, conditions of work and social security were complimentary, while employment opportunities and remunerative employment, remunerative employment and conditions of work, and remunerative employment and social security were substitutes. Other variables such as the stock of human and physical capital played some diverse roles in enhancing economic growth. We, therefore, recommend the adoption of supportive policies to encourage computing education and decent work as well as physical and human capital development. In particular, policies to encourage computing education should include the incorporation of compulsory ICT/computing education courses in the nations one-year National Youth Service Corp (NYSC) scheme.
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science
The Nigerian government has consistently increased spending without a corresponding improvement i... more The Nigerian government has consistently increased spending without a corresponding improvement in the country’s economic growth trajectory. Using Hirschman’s approach, this study investigated the impact of government spending on economic growth in Nigeria, analyzing annual data from 1970 to 2020. The study utilized data from the CBN Statistical Bulletin to examine government’s spending in the transport, communication, health, education, and utilities sectors. An autoregressive distributed lag model was employed, and the results indicate a positive but non-significant short-term effect of communication and utility sector spending on Nigeria’s economic growth. However, there was a negative but non-significant short-term effect of transportation, health, and education sector spending on Nigeria’s economic growth. Thus, the study recommends that the government increase expenditure on the highlighted sectors, as well as the agricultural and petroleum sectors, which are areas where Niger...
Regular, adequate and affordable power supply, which are key indicators of improvements in econom... more Regular, adequate and affordable power supply, which are key indicators of improvements in economic welfare and by extension economic growth, are missing from Nigeria's clime hence the country faces a lot of developmental challenges including the risk of losing potential investors. This paper examined power infrastructure and electricity in Nigeria using descriptive demonstrations. Tables, charts and figures were used to provide evidences which support the huge gulf between electricity produced by the various power infrastructures and electricity demand in Nigeria. Electric power production, transmission and distribution capacities of 3,600MW, 5,838MW and 8,425MVA respectively are grossly inadequate to meet power demand of 10,000MW in Nigeria. This leaves estimated power generation, transmission and distribution deficits of 6,400MW, 3,502MVA and 6,740MW respectively. This study emphasizes that the infrastructure deficits requires about 8.1 trillion naira to finance and therefore recommends that the Nigerian government, the generating companies and the distribution companies should all make concerted efforts towards growing and developing the power infrastructure in the country. The government should also create a secure and enabling environment, free from corruption and undue interference, for the power sector to thrive and contribute positively towards improving the welfare of electricity consumers in the country.
Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, 2022
Although improving household welfare is essential to the attainment of numerous United Nations Su... more Although improving household welfare is essential to the attainment of numerous United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), developing countries such as Nigeria has continued to make negligible progress in enhancing household welfare and boosting prosperity with majority of her population still struggling to attain a minimum standard of living. Policy makers has suggested that financial inclusion could be a panacea for welfare improvement. This study examined the impact of financial inclusion on household welfare using Findex 2017 data. The study is a Quantitative research. It made use of quasi experimental research design. The target population are households from 15 years and above. The study performing a counterfactual analysis using propensity score matching technique found that financial inclusion has a positive significant impact on household welfare. The study recommended among others that to achieve increased financial inclusion for all, government, regulatory agenc...
Foreign capital flows depends on the prevailing monetary forces as supported by capital flows the... more Foreign capital flows depends on the prevailing monetary forces as supported by capital flows theory and the mechanism linking these two variables is that contraction of net domestic assets through an open market sale of bonds will place upward pressure on domestic interest rates. Higher interest rates attract foreign funds, generating a capital inflow which relieves the pressure on domestic interest rates. Has this actually happened? It is against this backdrop that the present study investigated the impact of monetary policy on international capital inflows in Nigeria for a period of 22 years (1994-2015) using time series data. The autoregressive distributed lag technique revealed that the short-run and long-run significant determinants of foreign capital inflows are largely from broad money supply, nominal exchange rate, inflation rate and interest rates spread except inflation rate that is insignificant in the long-run. This outcome upholds theoretical prediction. Long-run equil...
Taking global economic integration into consideration, this study investigates the effects of the... more Taking global economic integration into consideration, this study investigates the effects of the imposition of the tariff. For every tariff increase, a percentage of the trade volume is reduced. This means, there is a tradeoff between globalization and restricted trade. This chapter presents empirical evidence from the European Union and the Sub-Saharan Africa region using annual times series for the period, 1980–2019. Result indicates that with coefficient of 4.31 percent, the tradeoff in European Union is higher than Sub-Saharan Africa region with coefficient of 2.66 percent. Implied is that developing countries are more likely to suffer more from the negative effect of globalization due to trade restrictions than the developed countries of the world. This is an indication that whether in developed or developing countries, a tradeoff exists between globalization and restricted trade. Hence, the imposition of tariffs and counter-tariffs is capable of shutting down globalization.
Purpose This paper empirically assesses energy efficiency (EE) adoption among firms by examining ... more Purpose This paper empirically assesses energy efficiency (EE) adoption among firms by examining the factors that drive investment in EE in the Onitsha plastic cluster, South-East, Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach Self-administered questionnaires were delivered to the selected enterprises. A total of 450 questionnaires were administered of which 423 were certified valid and used for the analysis. A Heckit model was developed and estimated. Findings Gender, firm size, Joneses effect and expected cost reduction benefits are the significant determinants of EE investment. However, firm structure, government incentives, regulatory requirements and reduction of carbon emission are insignificant drivers of EE investment decisions in the Onitsha plastic cluster. Originality/value This paper presents a foremost attempt at analysing the determinants of energy investment in a cluster in Nigeria.
International Journal of Economics Development Research (IJEDR), 2021
The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8 is to promote decent work and economic growth. The goal ... more The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8 is to promote decent work and economic growth. The goal puts at the forefront, workers well-being through employment and decent work that respect the dignity of workers. Countries work towards achieving employment and decent work for inclusive poverty-reducing growth target by 2030. Computing education plays a significant role in achieving the target. This study, therefore, examined the impact of computing education and decent work on economic growth in Nigeria, using Enugu state as a case study. 250 respondents were randomly selected using a structured questionnaire. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) technique was employed in analyzing the data. Computing education is measured by household investment (enrolment) in ICT/computing education courses. Employment opportunities – employed household members-to-household size, remunerative employment, conditions of work and social security are used to measure decent work. Economic growth, on the other...
Education is regarded as the greatest investment that any nation can make for the development of ... more Education is regarded as the greatest investment that any nation can make for the development of its human and material resources. This paper investigated the socio-economic determinants of academic performance in Aguata local government area, Anambra state. The study made use of a qualitative response regression model to analyze the participant’s responses obtained through a well-structured questionnaire. The study presents some interesting findings. The ML-Binary logit estimation results show that parental income (PI); number of hours of study (NHS); parent educational achievement (PEA) and power supply (PS) have positive and significant impact on student’s academic performance (AP), family size (FS) has a negative and significant impact on student’s academic performance (AP) whereas residential area (RA) has positive and insignificant impact on academic performance. The correlation results show that all the variables except family size are positively correlated with student’s aca...
Purpose Given the ever-growing fiscal commitments of Nigeria and her chequered history of electri... more Purpose Given the ever-growing fiscal commitments of Nigeria and her chequered history of electricity generation and distribution, the fortunes of the energy sector in the country have been affected by the prevalence of energy poverty. Government policies such as public capital expenditure (PCE) present a crucial option for reducing energy poverty in Nigeria, providing the purpose of this study. Design/methodology/approach To investigate the relationship between government capital spending and five distinct energy poverty proxies, this research applies the Bayer–Hanck cointegration system and the auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound test. Findings The findings indicate that public capital spending in Nigeria worsens energy poverty by reducing access to electricity, urban electrification, renewable energy consumption and renewable electricity generation, with a positive but insignificant influence on rural electrification. Originality/value This inquiry presents a pioneering ...
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science
Being a key component of Ebonyi State economy, revenue from its agricultural sector has been on t... more Being a key component of Ebonyi State economy, revenue from its agricultural sector has been on the decline. Literature search show that issues of constraints to agricultural productivity in the State have not been sufficiently classified. This study fills this gap by ascertaining the impact of economic, social and environmental factors on agricultural productivity in Abakaliki metropolis. Based on structural change theory, primary data were generated with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 20 villages while purposive sampling technique was applied in selecting 10 farmers making it a total of 200 participants. Three null hypotheses were tested using F-test from analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Welch tests. We found that economic, social and environmental factors significantly constrained agricultural productivity in Abakaliki Metropolis. We also found evidences that high cost of mechanised farming relative to manual labour...
In recent times, various aspects of labour unionism have been the subject of numerous studies by ... more In recent times, various aspects of labour unionism have been the subject of numerous studies by economists, historians, lawyers, political scientists, psychologists and specialists in other disciplines but none of these have been able to empirically determine the major factors that propel employees into joining labour unions. By attempting to provide generalizations about the demand for unionism in the Nigeria workforce, this study departs from the traditions of much of the literatures in this field. By so doing, it hopes to be able to make some contributions to both the substance and the method of the theory of the demand for unionism in Nigeria. With the application of E-views 5, a regression analysis was carried out using time series data on cost of living, work stoppages, nominal wage, unemployment and labour union membership. The study concluded that while the influences of cost of living and nominal wage on union membership were positive and significant, work stoppages in the previous period had a positive but insignificant influence on the growth of labour union membership in Nigeria. This study therefore recommends that unions should not be looked upon as agents of destabilization; they should rather be co-opted into national planning/decision making processes.
International Journal of Economics Development Research, Jan 29, 2021
This study examines the impact of computing education and decent work on economic growth in Niger... more This study examines the impact of computing education and decent work on economic growth in Nigeria, using Enugu state as a case study. 250 respondents were randomly selected using a structured questionnaire. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) technique was employed in analyzing the data. Computing education is measured by household investment (enrolment) in ICT/computing education courses. Employment opportunitiesemployed household members-to-household size, remunerative employment, conditions of work and social security are used to measure decent work. Economic growth, on the other hand, is measured by per capita household income. The results of the study showed that computing education had a significant impact on economic growth. Employment opportunities and social security were also found to had a significant impact on economic growth. Conditions of work had a positive and insignificant impact on economic growth, while remunerative employment had a negative and insignificant impact on economic growth. Computing education and employment opportunities were complementary. Also, there was a complementary effect of computing education and remunerative employment, computing education and decent work, and computing education and social security on economic growth. Among the measures of decent work, conditions of work and social security were complimentary, while employment opportunities and remunerative employment, remunerative employment and conditions of work, and remunerative employment and social security were substitutes. Other variables such as the stock of human and physical capital played some diverse roles in enhancing economic growth. We, therefore, recommend the adoption of supportive policies to encourage computing education and decent work as well as physical and human capital development. In particular, policies to encourage computing education should include the incorporation of compulsory ICT/computing education courses in the nations one-year National Youth Service Corp (NYSC) scheme.
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science
The Nigerian government has consistently increased spending without a corresponding improvement i... more The Nigerian government has consistently increased spending without a corresponding improvement in the country’s economic growth trajectory. Using Hirschman’s approach, this study investigated the impact of government spending on economic growth in Nigeria, analyzing annual data from 1970 to 2020. The study utilized data from the CBN Statistical Bulletin to examine government’s spending in the transport, communication, health, education, and utilities sectors. An autoregressive distributed lag model was employed, and the results indicate a positive but non-significant short-term effect of communication and utility sector spending on Nigeria’s economic growth. However, there was a negative but non-significant short-term effect of transportation, health, and education sector spending on Nigeria’s economic growth. Thus, the study recommends that the government increase expenditure on the highlighted sectors, as well as the agricultural and petroleum sectors, which are areas where Niger...
Regular, adequate and affordable power supply, which are key indicators of improvements in econom... more Regular, adequate and affordable power supply, which are key indicators of improvements in economic welfare and by extension economic growth, are missing from Nigeria's clime hence the country faces a lot of developmental challenges including the risk of losing potential investors. This paper examined power infrastructure and electricity in Nigeria using descriptive demonstrations. Tables, charts and figures were used to provide evidences which support the huge gulf between electricity produced by the various power infrastructures and electricity demand in Nigeria. Electric power production, transmission and distribution capacities of 3,600MW, 5,838MW and 8,425MVA respectively are grossly inadequate to meet power demand of 10,000MW in Nigeria. This leaves estimated power generation, transmission and distribution deficits of 6,400MW, 3,502MVA and 6,740MW respectively. This study emphasizes that the infrastructure deficits requires about 8.1 trillion naira to finance and therefore recommends that the Nigerian government, the generating companies and the distribution companies should all make concerted efforts towards growing and developing the power infrastructure in the country. The government should also create a secure and enabling environment, free from corruption and undue interference, for the power sector to thrive and contribute positively towards improving the welfare of electricity consumers in the country.
Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, 2022
Although improving household welfare is essential to the attainment of numerous United Nations Su... more Although improving household welfare is essential to the attainment of numerous United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), developing countries such as Nigeria has continued to make negligible progress in enhancing household welfare and boosting prosperity with majority of her population still struggling to attain a minimum standard of living. Policy makers has suggested that financial inclusion could be a panacea for welfare improvement. This study examined the impact of financial inclusion on household welfare using Findex 2017 data. The study is a Quantitative research. It made use of quasi experimental research design. The target population are households from 15 years and above. The study performing a counterfactual analysis using propensity score matching technique found that financial inclusion has a positive significant impact on household welfare. The study recommended among others that to achieve increased financial inclusion for all, government, regulatory agenc...
Foreign capital flows depends on the prevailing monetary forces as supported by capital flows the... more Foreign capital flows depends on the prevailing monetary forces as supported by capital flows theory and the mechanism linking these two variables is that contraction of net domestic assets through an open market sale of bonds will place upward pressure on domestic interest rates. Higher interest rates attract foreign funds, generating a capital inflow which relieves the pressure on domestic interest rates. Has this actually happened? It is against this backdrop that the present study investigated the impact of monetary policy on international capital inflows in Nigeria for a period of 22 years (1994-2015) using time series data. The autoregressive distributed lag technique revealed that the short-run and long-run significant determinants of foreign capital inflows are largely from broad money supply, nominal exchange rate, inflation rate and interest rates spread except inflation rate that is insignificant in the long-run. This outcome upholds theoretical prediction. Long-run equil...
Taking global economic integration into consideration, this study investigates the effects of the... more Taking global economic integration into consideration, this study investigates the effects of the imposition of the tariff. For every tariff increase, a percentage of the trade volume is reduced. This means, there is a tradeoff between globalization and restricted trade. This chapter presents empirical evidence from the European Union and the Sub-Saharan Africa region using annual times series for the period, 1980–2019. Result indicates that with coefficient of 4.31 percent, the tradeoff in European Union is higher than Sub-Saharan Africa region with coefficient of 2.66 percent. Implied is that developing countries are more likely to suffer more from the negative effect of globalization due to trade restrictions than the developed countries of the world. This is an indication that whether in developed or developing countries, a tradeoff exists between globalization and restricted trade. Hence, the imposition of tariffs and counter-tariffs is capable of shutting down globalization.
Purpose This paper empirically assesses energy efficiency (EE) adoption among firms by examining ... more Purpose This paper empirically assesses energy efficiency (EE) adoption among firms by examining the factors that drive investment in EE in the Onitsha plastic cluster, South-East, Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach Self-administered questionnaires were delivered to the selected enterprises. A total of 450 questionnaires were administered of which 423 were certified valid and used for the analysis. A Heckit model was developed and estimated. Findings Gender, firm size, Joneses effect and expected cost reduction benefits are the significant determinants of EE investment. However, firm structure, government incentives, regulatory requirements and reduction of carbon emission are insignificant drivers of EE investment decisions in the Onitsha plastic cluster. Originality/value This paper presents a foremost attempt at analysing the determinants of energy investment in a cluster in Nigeria.
International Journal of Economics Development Research (IJEDR), 2021
The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8 is to promote decent work and economic growth. The goal ... more The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8 is to promote decent work and economic growth. The goal puts at the forefront, workers well-being through employment and decent work that respect the dignity of workers. Countries work towards achieving employment and decent work for inclusive poverty-reducing growth target by 2030. Computing education plays a significant role in achieving the target. This study, therefore, examined the impact of computing education and decent work on economic growth in Nigeria, using Enugu state as a case study. 250 respondents were randomly selected using a structured questionnaire. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) technique was employed in analyzing the data. Computing education is measured by household investment (enrolment) in ICT/computing education courses. Employment opportunities – employed household members-to-household size, remunerative employment, conditions of work and social security are used to measure decent work. Economic growth, on the other...
Education is regarded as the greatest investment that any nation can make for the development of ... more Education is regarded as the greatest investment that any nation can make for the development of its human and material resources. This paper investigated the socio-economic determinants of academic performance in Aguata local government area, Anambra state. The study made use of a qualitative response regression model to analyze the participant’s responses obtained through a well-structured questionnaire. The study presents some interesting findings. The ML-Binary logit estimation results show that parental income (PI); number of hours of study (NHS); parent educational achievement (PEA) and power supply (PS) have positive and significant impact on student’s academic performance (AP), family size (FS) has a negative and significant impact on student’s academic performance (AP) whereas residential area (RA) has positive and insignificant impact on academic performance. The correlation results show that all the variables except family size are positively correlated with student’s aca...
Purpose Given the ever-growing fiscal commitments of Nigeria and her chequered history of electri... more Purpose Given the ever-growing fiscal commitments of Nigeria and her chequered history of electricity generation and distribution, the fortunes of the energy sector in the country have been affected by the prevalence of energy poverty. Government policies such as public capital expenditure (PCE) present a crucial option for reducing energy poverty in Nigeria, providing the purpose of this study. Design/methodology/approach To investigate the relationship between government capital spending and five distinct energy poverty proxies, this research applies the Bayer–Hanck cointegration system and the auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound test. Findings The findings indicate that public capital spending in Nigeria worsens energy poverty by reducing access to electricity, urban electrification, renewable energy consumption and renewable electricity generation, with a positive but insignificant influence on rural electrification. Originality/value This inquiry presents a pioneering ...
Uploads
Papers by Ebele Nwokoye