Papers by ENDRIS A EBRAHIM (PhD):Statistics
Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics
The Migration of Ethiopians to Middle Eastern countries has become a common phenomenon. Research ... more The Migration of Ethiopians to Middle Eastern countries has become a common phenomenon. Research emphasizing aspects of Migration in Ethiopia has focused on the causes of Migration and the situation in the host country. But there has been no focus on future intentions of forced mass return. The internal instability of Ethiopia is also another issue for returnees staying in their homeland. Thus, this cross-sectional mixed research reveals the causes, challenges, and expectations of forced female returnee migrants in the Amhara region while they were in Migration to the Middle East, during work, and upon arrival to the homeland, as well as their future intention/plan/ after return in the homeland by applying factor analysis and binary logistic regression model. The study participants in this research were 346 forced female returnees from the Middle East selected with multistage sampling and two key informants from each study area's labor and social affairs office. Findings indicat...
Verbal learning and memory summaries of older adults have usually been used to describe neuropsyc... more Verbal learning and memory summaries of older adults have usually been used to describe neuropsychiatric complaints. Bayesian hierarchical models are modern and appropriate approaches for predicting repeated measures data where information exchangeability is considered and a violation of the independence assumption in classical statistics. Such models are complex models for clustered data that account for distributions of hyper-parameters for fixed-term parameters in Bayesian computations. Repeated measures are inherently clustered and typically occur in clinical trials, education, cognitive psychology, and treatment follow-up. The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) is a general verbal knowledge and memory assessment administered repeatedly as part of a neurophysiological experiment to examine an individual’s performance outcomes at different time points. Multiple trial-based scores of verbal learning and memory tests were considered as an outcome measurement. In this article, we a...
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, 2017
The study protocol was performed according to the Helsinki declaration and approved by Research a... more The study protocol was performed according to the Helsinki declaration and approved by Research and Ethics Committee of Debre Tabor University. Informed written consent was obtained from Debre Tabore General Hospitals and Worta Health Center. The journal implements double-blind peer review practiced by specially invited international editorial board members.
International Journal of Secondary Education, 2015
Quality education is the question of many countries. Students' achievement were a measure of teac... more Quality education is the question of many countries. Students' achievement were a measure of teaching-learning process. Scholars suggested that regardless of the subject nature, many factors affect students' achievements in each school subject. This study is an attempt to determine factors influencing academic achievements of grade 8, 10 and 12 students in Debre Tabor Town (DT) and Bahir Dar Town (BDT) in 2013-2014 academic year with achievements variations occurred in student, class and school levels. Depending on the objectives descriptive analysis and multivariate multilevel linear regression analysis with maximum likelihood estimation were used to analyze the data. The results of BDT data show that school type and average work load of teachers jointly show a significant effect on both subjects; Teachers experience in terms of Mathematics, class size and availability of reference and text books in terms of English show significant influence on academic achievements. From the study, it was found out that multilevel modeling is much better than the single level ordinary regression model in fitting the data and in explaining the variations of the academic achievement at different levels. Likewise, on average non-governmental school students achievements were better than governmental. It can be concluded from this study that the variation of academic achievement of students in each grade level of mathematics and English subjects high within class followed by between schools. It can be recommended that academic facilities and managements at schools and home, and students personal efforts need to be improved in order to achieve better quality of education in all fields of studies at high standard.
The study protocol was performed according to the Helsinki declaration and approved by Research a... more The study protocol was performed according to the Helsinki declaration and approved by Research and Ethics Committee of Debre Tabor University. Informed written consent was obtained from Debre Tabore General Hospitals and Worta Health Center. The journal implements double-blind peer review practiced by specially invited international editorial board members.
Quality education is the question of many countries. Students' achievement were a measure of teac... more Quality education is the question of many countries. Students' achievement were a measure of teaching-learning process. Scholars suggested that regardless of the subject nature, many factors affect students' achievements in each school subject. This study is an attempt to determine factors influencing academic achievements of grade 8, 10 and 12 students in Debre Tabor Town (DT) and Bahir Dar Town (BDT) in 2013-2014 academic year with achievements variations occurred in student, class and school levels. Depending on the objectives descriptive analysis and multivariate multilevel linear regression analysis with maximum likelihood estimation were used to analyze the data. The results of BDT data show that school type and average work load of teachers jointly show a significant effect on both subjects; Teachers experience in terms of Mathematics, class size and availability of reference and text books in terms of English show significant influence on academic achievements. From the study, it was found out that multilevel modeling is much better than the single level ordinary regression model in fitting the data and in explaining the variations of the academic achievement at different levels. Likewise, on average non-governmental school students achievements were better than governmental. It can be concluded from this study that the variation of academic achievement of students in each grade level of mathematics and English subjects high within class followed by between schools. It can be recommended that academic facilities and managements at schools and home, and students personal efforts need to be improved in order to achieve better quality of education in all fields of studies at high standard.
Both frequentist and Bayesian statistics schools have improved statistical tools and model choice... more Both frequentist and Bayesian statistics schools have improved statistical tools and model choices for the collected data or measurements. Model selection approaches have advanced due to the difculty of comparing complicated hierarchical models in which linear predictors vary by grouping variables, and the number of model parameters is not distinct. Many regression model selection criteria are considered, including the maximum likelihood (ML) point estimation of the parameter and the logarithm of the likelihood of the dataset. Tis paper demonstrates the information complexity (ICOMP), Bayesian deviance information, or the widely applicable information criterion (WAIC) of the BRMS to hierarchical linear models ftted with repeated measures with a simulation and two real data examples. Te Fisher information matrix for the Bayesian hierarchical model considering fxed and random parameters under maximizing a posterior estimation is derived. Using Gibbs sampling and Hybrid Hamiltonian Monte Carlo approaches, six diferent models were ftted for three distinct application datasets. Te best-ftted candidate models were identifed under each application dataset with the two MCMC approaches. In this case, the Bayesian hierarchical (mixed efect) linear model with random intercepts and random slopes estimated using the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo method best fts the two application datasets. Information complexity (ICOMP) is a better indicator of the best-ftted models than DIC and WAIC. In addition, the information complexity criterion showed that hierarchical models with gradient-based Hamiltonian Monte Carlo estimation are the best ft and have supper convergence relative to the gradient-free Gibbs sampling methods.
COVID-pandemic were statistically significant. Besides, the nominated factors explained the total... more COVID-pandemic were statistically significant. Besides, the nominated factors explained the total variations in the MSSEs' growth and performance at a % significance level. Realizing this conclusion, the government and non-government bodies and operators of MSSEs should give attention to management, marketing, technology infrastructure, and entrepreneur-related factors.
Verbal learning and memory summaries of older adults have usually been used to describe neuropsyc... more Verbal learning and memory summaries of older adults have usually been used to describe neuropsychiatric complaints. Bayesian hierarchical models are modern and appropriate approaches for predicting repeated measures data where information exchangeability is considered and a violation of the independence assumption in classical statistics. Such models are complex models for clustered data that account for distributions of hyper-parameters for fixed-term parameters in Bayesian computations. Repeated measures are inherently clustered and typically occur in clinical trials, education, cognitive psychology, and treatment follow-up. The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) is a general verbal knowledge and memory assessment administered repeatedly as part of a neurophysiological experiment to examine an individual's performance outcomes at different time points. Multiple trial-based scores of verbal learning and memory tests were considered as an outcome measurement. In this article, we attempted to evaluate the predicting effect of individual characteristics in considering within and between-group variations by fitting various Bayesian hierarchical models via the hybrid Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) under the Bayesian Regression Models using 'Stan' (BRMS) package of R. Comparisons of the fitted models were done using leaveone-out information criteria (LOO-CV), Widely applicable information criterion (WAIC), and K-fold cross-validation methods. The full hierarchical model with varying intercepts and slopes had the best predictive performance for verbal learning tests [from the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) study dataset] using the hybrid Hamiltonian-Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach.
Verbal learning and memory summaries of older adults have usually been used to describe neuropsyc... more Verbal learning and memory summaries of older adults have usually been used to describe neuropsychiatric complaints. Bayesian hierarchical models are modern and appropriate approaches for predicting repeated measures data where information exchangeability is considered and a violation of the independence assumption in classical statistics. Such models are complex models for clustered data that account for distributions of hyper-parameters for fixed-term parameters in Bayesian computations. Repeated measures are inherently clustered and typically occur in clinical trials, education, cognitive psychology, and treatment follow-up. The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) is a general verbal knowledge and memory assessment administered repeatedly as part of a neurophysiological experiment to examine an individual's performance outcomes at different time points. Multiple trial-based scores of verbal learning and memory tests were considered as an outcome measurement. In this article, we attempted to evaluate the predicting effect of individual characteristics in considering within and between-group variations by fitting various Bayesian hierarchical models via the hybrid Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) under the Bayesian Regression Models using 'Stan' (BRMS) package of R. Comparisons of the fitted models were done using leaveone-out information criteria (LOO-CV), Widely applicable information criterion (WAIC), and K-fold cross-validation methods. The full hierarchical model with varying intercepts and slopes had the best predictive performance for verbal learning tests [from the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) study dataset] using the hybrid Hamiltonian-Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach.
The Migration of Ethiopians to Middle Eastern countries has become a common phenomenon. Research ... more The Migration of Ethiopians to Middle Eastern countries has become a common phenomenon. Research emphasizing aspects of Migration in Ethiopia has focused on the causes of Migration and the situation in the host country. But there has been no focus on future intentions of forced mass return. The internal instability of Ethiopia is also another issue for returnees staying in their homeland. Thus, this cross-sectional mixed research reveals the causes, challenges, and expectations of forced female returnee migrants in the Amhara region while they were in Migration to the Middle East, during work, and upon arrival to the homeland, as well as their future intention/plan/ after return in the homeland by applying factor analysis and binary logistic regression model. The study participants in this research were 346 forced female returnees from the Middle East selected with multistage sampling and two key informants from each study area's labor and social affairs office. Findings indicate that robbery, extortion, and lack of accommodation were challenges during Migration; verbal abuse, restricted mobility, and communication, no days off at work, and not receiving a wage for work were challenges during work in the Middle East. Besides, lack of happiness, lack of employment and support, and feeling inferiority and low self-esteem are challenges for return migrants after coming to their homeland. Most return migrants received continuous social counseling training, skill training, and entrepreneurship training. The study also reveals that currently married returnees have a significant positive intention to live in their homeland. Though, deprived economic and joblessness-related factors are statistically significant as the negative chance to live in the homeland. Lastly, the study recommends that close cooperation between all parties, governmental and non-governmental institutions, UN organizations like IOM, ILO, and other NGOs are needed to better reintegration and living of these forced returnees.
—Teaching learning process has been many challenges in the last decades. Quality of sciences educ... more —Teaching learning process has been many challenges in the last decades. Quality of sciences education has been dismissed due to many factors. Scholars suggested that sciences education should be practical and ICT based, rather than talk and choke. Currently, the education system of Ethiopia is moving towards practical and innovative approaches using ICT support. Frequently usage of ICT in teaching learning process will enhance the quality of sciences education in Higher Education Institutions. However, there are different factors the push up and pull down the ICT usage time of instructors in Debre Tabor University. Moreover, there was usage variation within departments among faculties and between faculties. The instructors have a bulky of ICT usage variation due to care to computers, LCD projectors and other ICT supports than their skill. Internet usage, skill, external challenges and others show a significant positive effect while ability to use lab top, Excel and LCD projector usage skills have a significant negative effects on ICT usage time in teaching learning process of science. It is recommended that the university provide a basic training on time management, care and skill development in ICT usage for a better enhancement of quality sciences education.
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Papers by ENDRIS A EBRAHIM (PhD):Statistics