Papers by Emiliano Carnieri
La malacofauna e gli ornamenti del Neolitico-Eneolitico di Grotta all'Onda, 2002
Nous avons analyse les ornements decouverts aux niveaux du Neolithique et du Chalcolithique au co... more Nous avons analyse les ornements decouverts aux niveaux du Neolithique et du Chalcolithique au cours des recentes fouilles dans le depot prehistorique de Grotta all'Onda (Camaiore, Lucca). Les materiaux utilises sont: pierre (steatite, schiste, marbre), os, dents, coquillages et autres organismes marins. La malacofaune marine des memes niveaux de ce site a ete egalement etudiee.
Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2003
The hominid calvarium from Ceprano (Italy) shows peculiar characters, especially in the frontal b... more The hominid calvarium from Ceprano (Italy) shows peculiar characters, especially in the frontal bone. This specimen differs from the other hominid species (H. ergaster, H. erectus, and H. heidelbergensis). The morphometric and the cladistic analyses show that the Italian fossil is a new hominid species. The typical characters of European H. heidelbergensis are absent in the frontal morphology of Ceprano, which is a representative of an African population that perhaps migrated at about 1.0 Ma (represented by the specimen from Bouri and as demonstrated by the cladistic analysis) and that did not ultimately contribute to the human population of Europe during the Middle and Late Pleistocene. On the other hand, Ceprano shares features with Middle Pleistocene H. rhodesiensis, and this allows us to suppose that Ceprano is an early relative of this African form. To cite this article: F.
Homo neanderthalensis, evolved from the European populations of H. heidelbergensis, and shows som... more Homo neanderthalensis, evolved from the European populations of H. heidelbergensis, and shows some special morphological traits, probably due to an adaptation to particular climatic conditions. It also appears that H. neanderthals had a specialized diet which was mostly carnivorous. Anatomically modern humans of the European Upper Palaeolithic seem to differ from the alimentary behaviour that characterized the Neanderthals; their diet was more varied, with a greater contribution from freshwater alimentary resources (molluscs and fishes). Comparison between the various strategies of subsistence adopted by the two species allows us to propose a hypothesis about the extinction of H. neanderthalensis.
HOMO-Journal of Comparative Human …, 2002
The description of several teeth and a fragment of mandible found in the Visogliano rock-shelter ... more The description of several teeth and a fragment of mandible found in the Visogliano rock-shelter (Northern Italy) is presented in this paper. The teeth have been analysed from a morphological and metrical point of view and compared with other specimens of Homo erectus, archaic Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis. The MD and BL diameters and the peculiar dental features are archaic and support the antiquity of the specimens. Microwear analysis of Visogliano teeth show various dietary strategies adopted by the individuals of the same site. Riassunto Si tratta dell'analisi antropologica (metrica, morfometrica e morfologica) di alcuni denti e di un frammento di mandibola ritrovati, durante gli scavi archeologici, dall' èquipe paletnologica di Carlo Tozzi,
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Human Evolution
Homo neanderthalensis, evolved from the European populations of H. heidelbergensis, and shows som... more Homo neanderthalensis, evolved from the European populations of H. heidelbergensis, and shows some special morphological traits, probably due to an adaptation to particular climatic conditions. It also appears that H. neanderthals had a specialized diet which was mostly carnivorous. Anatomically modern humans of the European Upper Palaeolithic seem to differ from the alimentary behaviour that characterized the Neanderthals; their diet was more varied, with a greater contribution from freshwater alimentary resources (molluscs and fishes). Comparison between the various strategies of subsistence adopted by the two species allows us to propose a hypothesis about the extinction of H. neanderthalensis.
Comptes Rendus …, 2003
A hominid calvaria (Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) has been recovered in March 1994 and until today i... more A hominid calvaria (Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) has been recovered in March 1994 and until today it can represent the most ancient fossil of Europe [1 and 2]. It was very fragmented at the moment of the discovery but, several previous reconstructions [3 and 7], one of the authors (FM) ...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2016
Nondestructive diagnostic imaging for mummies study has a long tradition and high-resolution imag... more Nondestructive diagnostic imaging for mummies study has a long tradition and high-resolution images of the samples morphology have been extensively acquired by using computed tomography (CT). However, although in early reports no signal or image was obtained because of the low water content, mummy magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was demonstrated able to generate images of such ancient specimens by using fast imaging techniques. Literature demonstrated the general feasibility of nonclinical MRI for visualizing historic human tissues, which is particularly interesting for archeology. More recently, multinuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was demonstrated able to detect numerous organic biochemicals from such remains. Although the quality of these images is not yet comparable to that of clinical magnetic resonance (MR) images, and further research will be needed for determining the full capacity of MR in this topic, the information obtained with MR can be viewed as complementary to the one provided by CT and useful for paleoradiological studies of mummies. This work contains an overview of the state of art of the emerging uses of MRI in paleoradiology.
Rassegna Di Archeologia, 2002
HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, 2003
The authors describe a new specimen of Oreopithecus bambolii, a catarrhine primate from late Mioc... more The authors describe a new specimen of Oreopithecus bambolii, a catarrhine primate from late Miocene sites of Tuscany and Sardinia (Italy). Microwears of 4 specimens of Oreopithecus bambolii have been analysed on standard surfaces of facet 9 to determine the diet. The microwear pattern confirms the hypothesis already put forward on the basis of its dental morphology that Oreopithecus bambolii had a leaf-based diet.
HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology, 2002
The description of several teeth and a fragment of mandible found in the Visogliano rock-shelter ... more The description of several teeth and a fragment of mandible found in the Visogliano rock-shelter (Northern Italy) is presented in this paper. The teeth have been analysed from a morphological and metrical point of view and compared with other specimens of Homo erectus, archaic Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis. The MD and BL diameters and the peculiar dental features are archaic and support the antiquity of the specimens. Microwear analysis of Visogliano teeth show various dietary strategies adopted by the individuals of the same site.
Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2003
The hominid calvarium from Ceprano (Italy) shows peculiar characters, especially in the frontal b... more The hominid calvarium from Ceprano (Italy) shows peculiar characters, especially in the frontal bone. This specimen differs from the other hominid species (H. ergaster, H. erectus, and H. heidelbergensis). The morphometric and the cladistic analyses show that the Italian fossil is a new hominid species. The typical characters of European H. heidelbergensis are absent in the frontal morphology of Ceprano, which is a representative of an African population that perhaps migrated at about 1.0 Ma (represented by the specimen from Bouri and as demonstrated by the cladistic analysis) and that did not ultimately contribute to the human population of Europe during the Middle and Late Pleistocene. On the other hand, Ceprano shares features with Middle Pleistocene H. rhodesiensis, and this allows us to suppose that Ceprano is an early relative of this African form. To cite this article: F. Mallegni et al., C. R. Palevol 2 (2003) 153-159. Résumé Homo cepranensis sp. nov. et l'évolution des hominidés eurafricains du Pléistocène moyen. Le crâne de Ceprano (Italie) montre quelques caractères anatomiques très intéressants, surtout en ce qui concerne l'anatomie de l'os frontal, qui diffère en cela de ceux des autres hominidés de l'hémisphère septentrional (H. ergaster, H. erectus et H. heidelbergensis). Les analyses morphométriques et cladistiques tendent à démontrer que le crâne de Ceprano peut représenter une espèce nouvelle. Les spécimens européens relatifs à H. heidelbergensis montrent des caractères différents et Ceprano peut être considéré, en Europe, comme le premier représentant d'une population d'origine africaine ; cette espèce émigra vers le nord il y a un million d'années environ (un autre représentant pourrait être Bouri, ainsi que l'analyse cladistique semble le démontrer). Il semble aussi que cette nouvelle espèce ne contribua que peu à l'établissement du peuplement humain des territoires septentrionaux pendant le Pléistocène moyen et supérieur. Ceprano semble annoncer, de par ces caractères, les formes humaines représentées par des * Correspondence and reprints. : 1 0 . 1 0 1 6 / S 1 6 3 1 -0 6 8 3 ( 0 3 ) 0 0 0 1 5 -0 spécimens attribués à Homo rhodesiensis ; tout cela permet de supposer que Ceprano représente une forme précoce de ces derniers. Pour citer cet article : F. Mallegni et al., C. R. Palevol 2 (2003) 153-159.
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Papers by Emiliano Carnieri