Concentration of critical nutrients in tolerant and susceptible sorghum lines for use in screenin... more Concentration of critical nutrients in tolerant and susceptible sorghum lines for use in screening under acid ... 103 Table 2. Pooled leaf elemental concentration** of selected sorghum genotypes grown under five acid ... soil, one year each on a Cedar bluff and a Cecil soil) Al Mr. Fe ...
Juvenile sorghum plants traditionally resist infection by Colletotrichumn graminicola quite well,... more Juvenile sorghum plants traditionally resist infection by Colletotrichumn graminicola quite well, and much of this resistance may be due to a thick, waxy physical barrier on the leaves and leaf sheaths. Once the plant reached the reproductive state, a shifting priority to train filling over maintenance of the leaf wax load may account for....
Some constituents found in irrigation water can influence water infiltration into the soil. Wheth... more Some constituents found in irrigation water can influence water infiltration into the soil. Whether chemical treatment of the irrigation water is required depends on the specific problem. There are conditions where soil-applied treatments can be equally or more effective. The type of chemical treatment also is dependent on the nature of the problem. Four situations can occur that limit water infiltration into soils:
Development of improved grass cultivars has provided the southern half of the United States with ... more Development of improved grass cultivars has provided the southern half of the United States with some of its most important pasture grasses. Resistance to larvae of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), has been found in several grasses, including bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.), centipedegrass [Ere-mochola ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.], and zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.). Eighty-one Paspalum spp. were investigated for resistance
Maize (Zea mays L.) and grain sorghum, (Sorghum bicolor (L.) moench), are two important cereal cr... more Maize (Zea mays L.) and grain sorghum, (Sorghum bicolor (L.) moench), are two important cereal crops. Maize is grown throughout temperate, subtropical, and tropical latitudes, whereas grain sorghum is usually grown in more arid environments that receive limited rainfall.
Plant Nutrition — Physiology and Applications, 1990
Shoot growth of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] cultivars (Funk G522DR, GP140, TAM428, SC28... more Shoot growth of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] cultivars (Funk G522DR, GP140, TAM428, SC283, SC599, and SC574) was shown to respond similarly to increased [H+] and the response was explicable as a gibberellic acid (GA) sequestering and failure of GA translocation. Root growth inhibition by increased [H+] was explicable as a failure of indoleacetic acid (IAA) translocation. Mn2+ was shown to inhibit GA precursor biosyntheses and possibly, to increase IAA oxidation. Amylase and isocitric lyase activities were sensitive to H+, Ca2+, and Mn2+. Differences in growth patterns of acid soil tolerant and sensitive sorghum cultivars depended upon the physiology and biochemistry of the individual cultivars.
Plant Nutrition — Physiology and Applications, 1990
The adaptation of plants to acid soil conditions may be associated with mineral elements taken in... more The adaptation of plants to acid soil conditions may be associated with mineral elements taken into plants. Leaf mineral element concentrations were determined in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) genotypes grown on an acid ultisol (pH 4.0, 60% Al saturation) to better understand mineral element concentrations that might be associated with species and genotypic differences to tolerate acid soil conditions. Sorghum genotypes showed a broad range in grain yield while all pearl millet genotypes had relatively good grain yields when grown on the acid soil. Leaf concentrations of Si, Ca, Mg, S, and Cu were higher; P, K, and Al were lower; and N, Mn, Fe and Zn were similar in pearl millet when relative comparisons were made with sorghum. The relatively high leaf concentrations of Ca, Mg, and especially Si in pearl millet may have contributed to its ability to yield well on the acid soil.
Several sampling techniques (variable number of plants per sample, specific leaf sampling, sequen... more Several sampling techniques (variable number of plants per sample, specific leaf sampling, sequential growth stage sampling, and specific plant part sampling) were investigated for sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] under acid soil pH levels > 6.0 and < 4.8. Plant Al, Mn, Mg, and Ca concentrations were determined for samples of three genotypes which varied in their reaction to acid soil stress conditions. Five plants provided a sufficient sample for sorghum grown under variable acid soil stress conditions, although a low quantity of plant material of the most susceptible genotype was a problem. Nutrient concentrations were generally highest for GS1 (emergence to panicle initiation) samples and decreased with subsequent growth stages, regardless of soil pH. Sampling leaves 2, 3 or 4 (from the top of the plant) during GS2 (panicle initiation to anthesis) and GS3 (anthesis to physiological grain maturity) provided representative concentrations for the four nutrients. In comparison with other plant parts for whole plants, leaf samples provided good representative plant samples for nutrient analyses, regardless of soil pH. Differential Ca uptake by genotypes may be a key component in the overall acid soil tolerance mechanism.
Concentration of critical nutrients in tolerant and susceptible sorghum lines for use in screenin... more Concentration of critical nutrients in tolerant and susceptible sorghum lines for use in screening under acid ... 103 Table 2. Pooled leaf elemental concentration** of selected sorghum genotypes grown under five acid ... soil, one year each on a Cedar bluff and a Cecil soil) Al Mr. Fe ...
Juvenile sorghum plants traditionally resist infection by Colletotrichumn graminicola quite well,... more Juvenile sorghum plants traditionally resist infection by Colletotrichumn graminicola quite well, and much of this resistance may be due to a thick, waxy physical barrier on the leaves and leaf sheaths. Once the plant reached the reproductive state, a shifting priority to train filling over maintenance of the leaf wax load may account for....
Some constituents found in irrigation water can influence water infiltration into the soil. Wheth... more Some constituents found in irrigation water can influence water infiltration into the soil. Whether chemical treatment of the irrigation water is required depends on the specific problem. There are conditions where soil-applied treatments can be equally or more effective. The type of chemical treatment also is dependent on the nature of the problem. Four situations can occur that limit water infiltration into soils:
Development of improved grass cultivars has provided the southern half of the United States with ... more Development of improved grass cultivars has provided the southern half of the United States with some of its most important pasture grasses. Resistance to larvae of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), has been found in several grasses, including bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.), centipedegrass [Ere-mochola ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.], and zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.). Eighty-one Paspalum spp. were investigated for resistance
Maize (Zea mays L.) and grain sorghum, (Sorghum bicolor (L.) moench), are two important cereal cr... more Maize (Zea mays L.) and grain sorghum, (Sorghum bicolor (L.) moench), are two important cereal crops. Maize is grown throughout temperate, subtropical, and tropical latitudes, whereas grain sorghum is usually grown in more arid environments that receive limited rainfall.
Plant Nutrition — Physiology and Applications, 1990
Shoot growth of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] cultivars (Funk G522DR, GP140, TAM428, SC28... more Shoot growth of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] cultivars (Funk G522DR, GP140, TAM428, SC283, SC599, and SC574) was shown to respond similarly to increased [H+] and the response was explicable as a gibberellic acid (GA) sequestering and failure of GA translocation. Root growth inhibition by increased [H+] was explicable as a failure of indoleacetic acid (IAA) translocation. Mn2+ was shown to inhibit GA precursor biosyntheses and possibly, to increase IAA oxidation. Amylase and isocitric lyase activities were sensitive to H+, Ca2+, and Mn2+. Differences in growth patterns of acid soil tolerant and sensitive sorghum cultivars depended upon the physiology and biochemistry of the individual cultivars.
Plant Nutrition — Physiology and Applications, 1990
The adaptation of plants to acid soil conditions may be associated with mineral elements taken in... more The adaptation of plants to acid soil conditions may be associated with mineral elements taken into plants. Leaf mineral element concentrations were determined in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) genotypes grown on an acid ultisol (pH 4.0, 60% Al saturation) to better understand mineral element concentrations that might be associated with species and genotypic differences to tolerate acid soil conditions. Sorghum genotypes showed a broad range in grain yield while all pearl millet genotypes had relatively good grain yields when grown on the acid soil. Leaf concentrations of Si, Ca, Mg, S, and Cu were higher; P, K, and Al were lower; and N, Mn, Fe and Zn were similar in pearl millet when relative comparisons were made with sorghum. The relatively high leaf concentrations of Ca, Mg, and especially Si in pearl millet may have contributed to its ability to yield well on the acid soil.
Several sampling techniques (variable number of plants per sample, specific leaf sampling, sequen... more Several sampling techniques (variable number of plants per sample, specific leaf sampling, sequential growth stage sampling, and specific plant part sampling) were investigated for sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] under acid soil pH levels > 6.0 and < 4.8. Plant Al, Mn, Mg, and Ca concentrations were determined for samples of three genotypes which varied in their reaction to acid soil stress conditions. Five plants provided a sufficient sample for sorghum grown under variable acid soil stress conditions, although a low quantity of plant material of the most susceptible genotype was a problem. Nutrient concentrations were generally highest for GS1 (emergence to panicle initiation) samples and decreased with subsequent growth stages, regardless of soil pH. Sampling leaves 2, 3 or 4 (from the top of the plant) during GS2 (panicle initiation to anthesis) and GS3 (anthesis to physiological grain maturity) provided representative concentrations for the four nutrients. In comparison with other plant parts for whole plants, leaf samples provided good representative plant samples for nutrient analyses, regardless of soil pH. Differential Ca uptake by genotypes may be a key component in the overall acid soil tolerance mechanism.
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