Papers by Dr. Ghazwan Al-Haji
Media Komunikasi Teknik Sipil/Media komunikasi teknik sipil, Feb 25, 2024
WIT Transactions on the Built Environment, Jun 6, 2011
A strong monitoring system of road safety in a city is necessary to ensure that the strategies im... more A strong monitoring system of road safety in a city is necessary to ensure that the strategies implemented will meet stated targets at city and national levels. Although road safety performance is a result of many key indicators, only a few of these indicators are generally considered in monitoring the performance of road safety in a city and in comparison to other cities. A number of monitoring systems are already being developed and used in road safety and they range from relatively simple models to highly complex ones depending on the number of indicators involved, details of data and complexity of methods used in calculations and analysis. In road safety, there are three main types of monitoring that are generally used, which are: Process Monitoring, Outcome Monitoring and Target Monitoring. The aim of this paper is to provide the importance and usefulness of having a fourth type of monitoring, so-called Integrated Monitoring, that links process, outcome and targets together. The paper also provides a conceptual overview, and illustrations that are used in the construction of the integrated monitoring system.
LINKOEPING STUDIES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. LICENTIATE THESIS, 2005
To my parents, my wife, and my sweet little boy Aghyad with deep love and appreciation "…Road saf... more To my parents, my wife, and my sweet little boy Aghyad with deep love and appreciation "…Road safety is no accident, the theme for this year's World Health Day, reminds us that road safety does not happen by chance. Achieving and sustaining safety on the roads requires deliberate action from many sectors of society…".
Characterization, Mechanisms, Simulation, and Modeling, 2008
European Journal of Pain, 2016
Background: Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is a common complication after many surgical procedu... more Background: Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is a common complication after many surgical procedures, including cardiac surgery. The prevalence of CPSP after cardiac surgery ranges from 9.5% to 56%. Most studies on CPSP after cardiac surgery are retrospective and long-term prospective studies are scarce. The aim of this study was to follow CPSP and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) prospectively in a cohort of patients, emphasizing the prevalence from 12 months to 5 years. Methods: A total of 534 patients (23% ≥75 years, 67% men) were consecutively included before surgery. Study-specific questionnaires and the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) were used to measure CPSP at baseline, 12 months and 5-year follow-up. Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used to measure HRQOL. Results: Among 458 patients who were alive after 5 years, 82% responded (n = 373). The majority, 89.8% (335/373), did not report CPSP, neither 12 months nor 5 years after surgery. Among the 38 patients who reported CPSP after 12 months, 24 (63%) patients did not report CPSP after 5 years. The overall prevalence of CPSP after 5 years was 3.8% (14/373). Patients reporting CPSP and resolved CPSP had lower scores on HRQOL and more pain preoperatively than patients who did not report CPSP. Conclusions: The prevalence of CPSP was lower in this study than previously reported. Among the patients reporting CPSP at 12 months, 63% did not report CPSP after 5 years. Hence, the observed decline in CPSP is in line with studies evaluating CPSP in noncardiac surgery. Significance: The prevalence of chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) at 5 years after surgery of 3.8% is lower than previously reported. The majority of patients reporting CPSP after 12 months did not report CPSP after 5 years.
The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the road safety situation in the 10 ASEAN cou... more The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the road safety situation in the 10 ASEAN countries. In 2004, we carried out an Asian Development Bank/SIDA financed project to improve road safety in these ASEAN countries, using Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) as the means of education. The focus of this paper is on the safety of motorcyclists, which is analysed using data collected during this project as well as other information and experience gained during this project. This paper also looks into the behaviour and risks concerning motorcyclists. For the covering abstract see ITRD E137120.
This dissertation develops, presents and tests a new international tool, the so-called Road Safet... more This dissertation develops, presents and tests a new international tool, the so-called Road Safety Development Index (RSDI), which indicates in a comprehensive and easy way the severity of the road safety situation in a specific country and/or in comparison with other countries. There are three pillars of outcomes involved in the framework of RSDI. One pillar is the People focus (road user behaviour). The second is the System focus (safer vehicles, safer roads, enforcement, management, etc). The third is the Product focus in terms of accident death rates. This thesis analyses each of these pillars. In addition, RSDI links the key national practices of road safety to each other and to the end-results (accident death rates). The study suggests a master-list of performance indicators to be implemented for assessing road safety level in a country and for RSDI building. Based on the “master-list”, a short key list of performance indicators is chosen and classified into two primary catego...
Since the publication of Smeed‟s model in 1949, the research on road safety benchmarking has prog... more Since the publication of Smeed‟s model in 1949, the research on road safety benchmarking has progressed nationally and internationally. There are mainly three types of benchmarking: product of safety, practices, and strategic benchmarking. They differ depending on the type of indicators that model is trying to compare. It is not relevant to review all literature, however, our focus in this paper is on the background to some of the main benchmarking models that have been used in the past and very recent. In our brief review, we describe the evolution process of benchmarking into four generations of development. The latest generation realised the necessity of combining up all the three types of benchmarking into one index. The Road Safety Development Index (RSDI), as an example, provides a broad picture compared to the traditional (earlier) models in road safety.
Aim. This study suggests a set of methodologies to combine different indicators of road safety in... more Aim. This study suggests a set of methodologies to combine different indicators of road safety into a single index. The RSDI is a simple and quick composite index, which may become a significant me ...
Traffic calming measures, such as speed bumps and elevated crossing points, are used to reduce sp... more Traffic calming measures, such as speed bumps and elevated crossing points, are used to reduce speed, to prevent overtaking and generally contribute to a safer traffic situation. However, they migh ...
Detta dokument hålls tillgängligt på Internet-eller dess framtida ersättareunder en längre tid fr... more Detta dokument hålls tillgängligt på Internet-eller dess framtida ersättareunder en längre tid från publiceringsdatum under förutsättning att inga extraordinära omständigheter uppstår. Tillgång till dokumentet innebär tillstånd för var och en att läsa, ladda ner, skriva ut enstaka kopior för enskilt bruk och att använda det oförändrat för ickekommersiell forskning och för undervisning. Överföring av upphovsrätten vid en senare tidpunkt kan inte upphäva detta tillstånd. All annan användning av dokumentet kräver upphovsmannens medgivande. För att garantera äktheten, säkerheten och tillgängligheten finns det lösningar av teknisk och administrativ art. Upphovsmannens ideella rätt innefattar rätt att bli nämnd som upphovsman i den omfattning som god sed kräver vid användning av dokumentet på ovan beskrivna sätt samt skydd mot att dokumentet ändras eller presenteras i sådan form eller i sådant sammanhang som är kränkande för upphovsmannens litterära eller konstnärliga anseende eller egenart. För ytterligare information om Linköping University Electronic Press se förlagets hemsida http://www.ep.liu.se/ Copyright The publishers will keep this document online on the Internet-or its possible replacement-for a considerable time from the date of publication barring exceptional circumstances. The online availability of the document implies a permanent permission for anyone to read, to download, to print out single copies for your own use and to use it unchanged for any non-commercial research and educational purpose.
Most accidents occur in urban areas, and the most related casualties are vulnerable road users (p... more Most accidents occur in urban areas, and the most related casualties are vulnerable road users (pedestrians and cyclists). The traffic calming measures (TCMs) are widely used and considered to be successful in reducing speed and traffic volume. However, TCMs create unwanted effects include: noise, emissions, energy consumption, vehicle delays and emergency response time (ERT). Different vertical and horizontal TCMs have been already applied nationally (Sweden) and internationally with different impacts. It is a big challenge among traffic engineers, planners, and policy-makers to choose and priorities the best TCMs to be implemented. This study will assess the existing guidelines for TCMs in relation to safety and ERT with focus on data from Norrkoping city in Sweden. The expected results will save lives, time, and money on particularly Swedish Roads. The study will also review newly technologies and how they can improve safety and reduce ERT. Keywords—Traffic safety, traffic calmin...
This study suggests a new technique approach to assess the road safety achievements in a country ... more This study suggests a new technique approach to assess the road safety achievements in a country by developing the Road Safety Development Index (RSDI). This index will put large amounts of information from different sources into measurable indicators, which will be then an easier format to rank the road safety progress in different countries/ regions across the globe. The proposal concerns particularly developing countries where the issues are challenging. The methodology will be used to calculate RSDI is similar to that used by United Nations for their Human Development Index (HDI).
A strong monitoring system of road safety in a city is necessary to ensure that the strategies im... more A strong monitoring system of road safety in a city is necessary to ensure that the strategies implemented will meet stated targets at city and national levels. Although road safety performance is a result of many key indicators, only a few of these indicators are generally considered in monitoring the performance of road safety in a city and in comparison to other cities. A number of monitoring systems are already being developed and used in road safety and they range from relatively simple models to highly complex ones depending on the number of indicators involved, details of data and complexity of methods used in calculations and analysis. In road safety, there are three main types of monitoring that are generally used, which are: Process Monitoring, Outcome Monitoring and Target Monitoring. The aim of this paper is to provide the importance and usefulness of having a fourth type of monitoring, so-called Integrated Monitoring, that links process, outcome and targets together. Th...
Journal of Traffic and Logistics Engineering
Cycling is a sustainable transport mode, especially in urban areas for short distances. Electric ... more Cycling is a sustainable transport mode, especially in urban areas for short distances. Electric bikes and electric scooters are increasingly emerging into traffic network in cities in Sweden due to advantages related to accessibility, environment, etc. However, they bring questions in terms of traffic risk and accidents. The road infrastructure must be adapted to accommodate the increasing share of these new types of bikes in traffic. The study will assess both bikes and e-bikes safety according to exposure, risk and consequences. The study will review relevant literature on Traffic Calming Measures (TCMs). It will develop a conceptual framework to determine the impact of different TCMs (horizontal and vertical) on traffic safety for both traditional and e-bikes safety. Accident data from the Swedish Traffic Accident Data Acquisition (STRADA) will be collected and analysed in order to identify roundabouts (as a chosen type of TCMs) with high accidents rates for cyclists in Norrkopi...
Journal of Traffic and Logistics Engineering, 2014
Street lighting systems are very important in terms of traffic safety and energy saving. For the ... more Street lighting systems are very important in terms of traffic safety and energy saving. For the purpose of energy saving, new technologies of street lighting have been developed last decade and implemented in several cities worldwide. The most common of new technologies, with most potential of energy saving, are Light Emission Diodes (LED) and Adaptive Lighting Systems (ALS). The impact of these new technologies on road accidents is not well examined yet. This study attempts to evaluate the traffic safety impact and traffic risk of these technologies on road users, mainly drivers and pedestrians. Since the new lighting technologies have been recently tested and applied, the safety impact of them on road users could not be evaluated through direct measures of traffic safety e.g. before/after accident rates. Therefore, this study aims to create a new conceptual framework by introducing some indirect safety measures (e.g. speeding profile, behavior adaptation, traffic conflict, jerky driving and visibility of pedestrians) and presenting relevant performance indicators for future experimental design.
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Papers by Dr. Ghazwan Al-Haji