Papers by Dr. Firdous Iqbal
Biomedica, Dec 25, 2023
Background and Objectives: People with pre-hypertension (PHTN) are more likely to develop hyperte... more Background and Objectives: People with pre-hypertension (PHTN) are more likely to develop hypertension (HTN), and have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease and renal disorders. This study aims to determine the prevalence of PHTN among the adult subjects employed at a teaching institute in Peshawar, Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted including 176 adult subjects at a teaching institute in Peshawar. A closeended questionnaire, containing demographic and medical information, was designed to fulfill the aim of the current study. Blood pressure measurement was taken from all subjects and data were analyzed by using statistical software. The p-value of ≤ 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of PHTN and HTN was 50.57% (n = 89) and 18.19% (n = 32), respectively. A statistically significant association was found between gender and PHTN (p = 0.036). PHTN was more prevalent among the male gender, i.e., 39.8% comparative to females, i.e., 10.8%. Conclusion: Random sampling of the staff working at a teaching institute showed that more than half of the study population had PHTN. The prevalence of PHTN was found statistically significant among the male gender.
Biomedica, Dec 25, 2023
Fibroadenomas (FAs) are the most common benign tumors of the breast in young females. Most of the... more Fibroadenomas (FAs) are the most common benign tumors of the breast in young females. Most of the time, it presents as a wellcircumscribed, painless, firm to hard, mobile, and slow-growing unilateral or bilateral breast lump. The median age of its presentation is 25 years with rare occurrence after menopause. The exact etiology of FA is still unclear. Unopposed estrogen in the growing breasts of young females is considered as a main factor in its pathogenesis. Family history and development of FA in identical twins are suggestive of genetic contribution to the pathogenesis of these tumors. This is a case report of young twin sisters who presented at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore with a complaint of a synchronously developed unilateral breast lump. Fine needle aspiration cytology was planned after taking a detailed history and clinical examination of both patients. Diagnosis of FA was confirmed radiologically and through cytological examination. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of its kind reported from Pakistan.
Fibroadenomas (FAs) are the most common benign tumors of the breast in young females. Most of the... more Fibroadenomas (FAs) are the most common benign tumors of the breast in young females. Most of the time, it presents as a wellcircumscribed, painless, firm to hard, mobile, and slow-growing unilateral or bilateral breast lump. The median age of its presentation is 25 years with rare occurrence after menopause. The exact etiology of FA is still unclear. Unopposed estrogen in the growing breasts of young females is considered as a main factor in its pathogenesis. Family history and development of FA in identical twins are suggestive of genetic contribution to the pathogenesis of these tumors. This is a case report of young twin sisters who presented at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore with a complaint of a synchronously developed unilateral breast lump. Fine needle aspiration cytology was planned after taking a detailed history and clinical examination of both patients. Diagnosis of FA was confirmed radiologically and through cytological examination. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of its kind reported from Pakistan.
Background and Objectives: People with pre-hypertension (PHTN) are more likely to develop hyperte... more Background and Objectives: People with pre-hypertension (PHTN) are more likely to develop hypertension (HTN), and have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease and renal disorders. This study aims to determine the prevalence of PHTN among the adult subjects employed at a teaching institute in Peshawar, Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted including 176 adult subjects at a teaching institute in Peshawar. A closeended questionnaire, containing demographic and medical information, was designed to fulfill the aim of the current study. Blood pressure measurement was taken from all subjects and data were analyzed by using statistical software. The p-value of ≤ 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of PHTN and HTN was 50.57% (n = 89) and 18.19% (n = 32), respectively. A statistically significant association was found between gender and PHTN (p = 0.036). PHTN was more prevalent among the male gender, i.e., 39.8% comparative to females, i.e., 10.8%. Conclusion: Random sampling of the staff working at a teaching institute showed that more than half of the study population had PHTN. The prevalence of PHTN was found statistically significant among the male gender.
Introduction: Breast cancer is on rise in Asian population. Identification of more prognostic and... more Introduction: Breast cancer is on rise in Asian population. Identification of more prognostic and predictive factor in breast invasive carcinoma is need of the time in order to provide best possible management to improve the outcome. Aim: the aim of the study is to observe Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) association with various clinicopathological parameters and molecular groups based on immunohistochemistry in invasive ductal breast carcinoma. Methodology: Eighty-three patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy with primary microscopically proven invasive ductal carcinoma were recruited from two tertiary care hospitals, Pakistan. Grossing & reporting including Biomarker was performed as per College of American Pathologists (CAP) protocol. Molecular groups were formed. Data was entered and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 27. Results: CEACAM5 was overexpressed in 78% of patients and negative in 22% of patient (p<0.001) of invasive ductal carcinoma breast (Figure 1). The mean age ± SD of CEACAM5 positive patient was 49.94 ± 11.4 years. Statistically significant association was observed with age, tumour stage, glandular formation, mitosis, Nottingham histological grade and non-triple negative molecular group. Conclusion: The increasing incidence of breast carcinoma in Pakistani population warrants dire need of new and cheap modalities for therapeutic assessments in order to provide the suitable treatment plan to patients. Significant association has been observed with various clinicopathological parameters and molecular group. CEACAM5 can be considered, as a predictive factor and follow-up marker, however, large-scale validation follow-up studies are required.
Pakistan Journal of Pathology
Objective: Comparative evaluation of Norfloxacin, Fosfomycin and Nitrofurantoin in urinary isolat... more Objective: Comparative evaluation of Norfloxacin, Fosfomycin and Nitrofurantoin in urinary isolates causing UTI Material and Methods: It was Comparative Cross-sectional study. It was conducted at Department of Pathology at THQ hospital Pindigheb. The study was completed (including data compilation & analysis) in 1 year period from 28 Aug 2021 to 27 Aug 2022. Two hundred and seventy-five urinary isolates from urine specimens received for culture and sensitivity in the department of pathology at THQ hospital Pindigheb, were included in the study, as approved in the Internal Review Board. Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used. Isolates were identified as urinary isolates by colonial morphology, Gram stain and biochemical tests. The zones of clearance around filter paper disc of Norfloxacin (10 µg), Fosfomycin (200µg) and Nitrofurantion (300µg) impregnated over lawn of bacterial isolate on Mueller-Hinton agar by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as per Clinical and Lab...
JAIMC: Journal of Allama Iqbal Medical College, Jan 9, 2023
Introduction: Breast cancer is on rise in Asian population. Identification of more prognostic and... more Introduction: Breast cancer is on rise in Asian population. Identification of more prognostic and predictive factor in breast invasive carcinoma is need of the time in order to provide best possible management to improve the outcome. Aim: the aim of the study is to observe Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) association with various clinicopathological parameters and molecular groups based on immunohistochemistry in invasive ductal breast carcinoma. Methodology: Eighty-three patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy with primary microscopically proven invasive ductal carcinoma were recruited from two tertiary care hospitals, Pakistan. Grossing & reporting including Biomarker was performed as per College of American Pathologists (CAP) protocol. Molecular groups were formed. Data was entered and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 27. Results: CEACAM5 was overexpressed in 78% of patients and negative in 22% of patient (p<0.001) of invasive ductal carcinoma breast (Figure 1). The mean age ± SD of CEACAM5 positive patient was 49.94 ± 11.4 years. Statistically significant association was observed with age, tumour stage, glandular formation, mitosis, Nottingham histological grade and non-triple negative molecular group. Conclusion: The increasing incidence of breast carcinoma in Pakistani population warrants dire need of new and cheap modalities for therapeutic assessments in order to provide the suitable treatment plan to patients. Significant association has been observed with various clinicopathological parameters and molecular group. CEACAM5 can be considered, as a predictive factor and follow-up marker, however, large-scale validation follow-up studies are required.
Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) can occur as a complication of SLE causing further distress to p... more Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) can occur as a complication of SLE causing further distress to patient. NGAL levels can help in foreseeing kidney injury in such afflicted. Thus, the study aimed to estimate serum NGAL levels in SLE patients with and without Lupus Nephritis. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at immunology Department, University of Health Sciences (UHS) Lahore. Purposive sampling technique was used to collect samples of patients diagnosed with SLE with and without Lupus Nephritis LN. Results: Study showed statistically significant results (p=0.00) with mean ±SD value of NGAL measured in patients of SLE with LN & without Lupus Nephritis LN. Conclusion: The study indicated that NGAL level was observed to be significantly raised in the patients of SLE with lupus nephritis as compare to the patients of SLE without lupus nephritis. Keywords: Acute kidney injury, Anti-double stranded DNA antibody, Chronic kidney disease, Lupus nephritis
Pakistan Journal of Pathology, Sep 3, 2022
Pakistan Journal of Pathology
Objectives: To assess the efficacy among tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and entecavir (ETV) ... more Objectives: To assess the efficacy among tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and entecavir (ETV) in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B monoinfection patients. Material and Methods: A cross sectional analytical study carried out at District Headquarter Hospital Attock at PKLI (Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute) between January 2019 to July 2020. Total 120 chronic HBV patients with quantitative PCR having DNA viral load > 20,000IU /ml after the treatment failure with any other Nucleos(t)ide Analogues (Lamivudine, Adefovir, Telbivudine) or PEG-IFN (peglyated interferon) were considered. The patients were sorted in two groups, 60 were given TDF (group 1) and 60 were given entecavir (group 2) for a period of 6 months. Follow up carried out after 24 weeks by comparing HBV-DNA levels to compare efficacy between two drugs. Assessment of treatment eligibility for chronic HBV mono-infection is formed by investigating the extent of existing liver disease by ultrasound examination, compl...
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Papers by Dr. Firdous Iqbal