Qlantic Journal of social sciences and Humanities, 2024
The present study aims to measure emotional intelligence level leadership abilities and find out... more The present study aims to measure emotional intelligence level leadership abilities and find out the relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership abilities of head teachers of girls' secondary school at district Rahim Yar Khan. This descriptive correlational nature study used a survey research design. Headteachers of girls’ secondary schools in the district of Rahim Yar Khan constituted the population of the study. The 96 head teachers contributed to data collection. An online questionnaire was used as a research tool for data collection. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS-22 and presented in tables and figures. The study found a significant positive correlation between the emotional intelligence and leadership abilities of secondary school head teachers at district Rahim Yar Khan. The researchers recommended that the head teachers be given proper training in emotional intelligence in order to provide them with sufficient know-how about emotional intelligence and teach them how to use it for handling and motivating the employees under their auspices. The researchers also recommended that the study be replicated in other districts and at different levels of education to pave the way for generalizing the results of studies already conducted in this regard.
This newfangled research is masterpiece evidence in the dominion of the research field, an exerti... more This newfangled research is masterpiece evidence in the dominion of the research field, an exertion towards capturing the impact of Pakistani truck quotes; a great Pakistani culture. The study undertakes multimodal discourse analysis embedded in the sayings on the Pakistani Trucks The evidence for the existing research was educed from the truck quotes by using different resources. The study uses some selected verses for sampling, which were taken from the websites. The congregated statistics were later evaluated by using contextualization thematic analysis to capture the essence of quotes by highlighting and considering the broader socio-cultural context as well as embedded on trucks. Inductive reasoning is used by the researcher in this study as Themes emerge from the data without being constrained by pre-existing theoretical frameworks. In this research multimodal analysis of truck quotes was used to identify common themes and their societal implications. The study finds the discourse of sad emotions, feelings, requests, Satire on the Nation, Revenge attitude & severe pain, warning of having love, A good wish, and Love towards a Personality. In the end, researchers presented some recommendations on the base of the results.
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is crucial in shaping the evolution of emoji usage, especially w... more Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is crucial in shaping the evolution of emoji usage, especially within touch-based smartphone interfaces. As technology progresses, frequent updates introduce new emojis, cementing their integral role in digital communication. Understanding these dynamics is essential for optimizing emoji use in HCI, which enhances communication effectiveness and user satisfaction. Emojis have fundamentally transformed text-based communication by enabling users to convey nuanced emotions and prevent miscommunication in the absence of vocal cues. They offer a broader spectrum of emotional expression compared to traditional text alone. This study focuses on examining the frequency and perception of emojis among traditional-aged college students (ages 16-25 above). College students, being heavy users of technology and influencers of personal tech trends, serve as an ideal demographic for this study. By applying insights from Linguistics to HCI, this interdisciplinary approach aims to advance emoji development and maintenance in technology. This research explores how college students integrate emojis into their communication practices, their perceptions of emoji effectiveness, and their influence on digital interactions. By bridging linguistics with HCI, this study contributes to enhancing technological innovations that support richer and more effective communication through emojis.
The study highlights several key findings regarding the differences in students' perceptions betw... more The study highlights several key findings regarding the differences in students' perceptions between face-to-face (F2F) and online learning methods, using course experience questionnaires (CEQ) and online course experience questionnaires (OCEQ). Here's a breakdown of the findings and implications: The study found significant differences in several factors between F2F and online learning methods. These include the total score of the questionnaire, the factor of good teaching (GT), the factor of clear goals (CG), and the factor of appropriate assessment (AA). These differences indicate that students perceive distinct qualities and effectiveness in these aspects depending on the learning method. The lack of social interaction in online learning compared to F2F settings is suggested as a potential reason for these differences. According to constructionist theory, social interaction plays a crucial role in learning, potentially explaining why students rate factors like good teaching, clear goals, and appropriate assessment differently in online contexts. Interestingly, the study found that the factor of emphasis on independence did not show significant differences between F2F and online learning methods. This contrasts with previous research findings, which might be due to the increasing flexibility and adaptability of blended learning approaches where both F2F and online components are integrated. In summary, while online learning has become a prominent alternative due to the pandemic, this study underscores the importance of understanding and addressing the differences in students' perceptions and experiences between online and face-to-face learning environments.
Flouting of the conversational maxims (Principles) using hedging techniques by the
politicians a... more Flouting of the conversational maxims (Principles) using hedging techniques by the politicians and educationists in the political talk shows is interested to be explored. The present study examined that how the maxim of manner and maxim of relation is ignored by the speakers in media discourse by taking insight from the Grice’s cooperative principles; and how maxim of manner and the maxim of relevance are hedged by the speakers. The current study employs the qualitative research design. Twelve sociopolitical and educational programs were selected for data analysis. The research findings revealed that the maxim of relation and maxim of manner was flouted by the speakers in political talk shows; and female politicians and educationists used hedging technique more than male politicians and educationists. Moreover, study exposed the reasons of flouting of the conversational maxims by the speakers, and also found that female speakers interrupt more than male speakers. On the base of these results some recommendations are presented in the end.
Generally assumed that, the students who are taught phonological instructions perform better in p... more Generally assumed that, the students who are taught phonological instructions perform better in pronunciation than the students who are not taught phonological instructions. The present research aim is to analyze the effect of phonological instructions on the improvement of ESL students' pronunciation. The selected sample was the university level ESL students. The sample was divided into two equal groups named as control group and experimental group through purposive sampling technique. Experimental group was taught through phonological instructions by multiple video recordings and classroom lessons while control group was taught through the traditional instructions. A pronunciation test was taken as pretest and posttest and collected data was analyzed through SPSS with the application of independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test. The obtained results showed that there was significant improvement in the mean scores between the control and experimental group. The performance of the students of experimental group was improved. This research is useful in the ESL teaching-learning process by using the Phonological instructions to solve the pronunciation problems.
The present research explores the role of YouTube lectures, vlogs, and videos in enhancing ESL Le... more The present research explores the role of YouTube lectures, vlogs, and videos in enhancing ESL Learning. The mixed approach was used in this study. The study population comprises ESL students of English at schools and colleges. A sample size of 60 participants was selected equally from these schools and colleges through random sampling. An online questionnaire was used as a research tool /instrument for the purposive data collection. The questionnaire contained three parts; the first comprised demographic information about the research, the second part contained ten close-ended questions, and the third part contained two open-ended questions. The questionnaire was sent via WhatsApp and email using Google Forms. The collected and assembled data were later analyzed using SPSS's latest version 24. The data was presented in numerical form in figures and tables. The research findings revealed students' positive responses to the role of YouTube lectures, vlogs, and videos in enhancing ESL learning. Based on these findings, the researchers presented some recommendations for future researchers.
The effect of conditional sentences on the cognitive learning of ESL students is important becaus... more The effect of conditional sentences on the cognitive learning of ESL students is important because, in different cognitive tests, the questions related to conditional sentences are included. During the studies, students should have proper awareness and knowledge about conditional sentences. Investigating the awareness, learning, knowledge as well as deficiencies about this topic is necessary. The study was survey and descriptive in nature. The quantitative as well as qualitative (QUAN-qual) method was implemented for the planned study. The explanatory sequential technique was implied. On the whole, the results of this research showed that KFUEIT students have good learning opportunities in their classrooms and a good number of students have awareness and knowledge of conditional sentences So, the results were opposite to the hypothesis of the researcher that there is no sufficient role of effect of conditional sentences on the cognitive learning of graduate students. The research will prove beneficial for ESL learners. In the end researchers has presented some recommendations on the base of research findings.
The effect of conditional sentences on the cognitive learning of graduate students is
important ... more The effect of conditional sentences on the cognitive learning of graduate students is important because, in different cognitive tests, the questions related to conditional sentences are included. During the studies, students should have proper awareness and knowledge about conditional sentences. Investigating the awareness, learning, knowledge as well as deficiencies about this topic is necessary. For this survey and descriptive nature study the quantitative and qualitative (QUAN-qual.) method was implemented. The explanatory sequential technique was implied. The researchers analyzed the responses of the participants of the two indicators: type-one indicator conditional sentences, and typetwo conditional sentences. The results of the indicators were concerned according to the responses of the students. Results showed that majority of students have consciousness and knowledge of conditional sentences and they try to keep the practice of conditional sentences. The students understand the correct and incorrect sentences. In the end some recommendations are presented on the base of results. The study will prove beneficial for students, educators and future researchers.
Writing is a vibrant tool in all learning areas. It is a difficult task for ESL undergraduate stu... more Writing is a vibrant tool in all learning areas. It is a difficult task for ESL undergraduate students. The literary element of cohesion is essential for mastering writing. This study aimed to look into the percentages and frequencies of coherent grammatical devices in KFUEIT ESL students' written paragraphs. The second-semester studentsat the Department of Humanities, Health, and Social Sciences were selected randomly. The mixed method of research methodology, both qualitative and quantitative were used for analyzation.by adopting the framework of Halliday and Hassan (1976). The researcher aimed to analyze the errors' percentages and frequencies of cohesionthat BS students employed in their written,personal, demonstrative,possessive pronouns,personal subjective,temporal, additive, and adversative cohesive devices were selected by the researcher.Each devise's results with frequency and percentage showed by the researcher in table 3. In these two categories of cohesion (pronouns and conjunctions), the results revealed that the students of KUEIT made the most frequent errors in adversative and personal subjective pronouns with percentages of 31% and 24. As compared to both categories,conjunctionis the most frequent category of grammatical cohesive devices errors used in the writing of students of KFUEIT with a total percentage of 59%. This study recommends that these ESL students should be more conscious of their writing skills. They should develop their cohesive grammaticaldevices awareness as well as they should improve their vocabulary.
In the initial stage, the students face many problems: they do not know where they
should get st... more In the initial stage, the students face many problems: they do not know where they should get started, and they do not understand which area they should choose and what is the way of choosing the proper area. Often the students don’t have proper guidelines. Chapter 1: Steps are described in how to select the research’s title. Chapter 2: Introduction, Review of Related Literature, Theoretical Framework, Conceptual Framework, Rationale of Study/Justification, Statement of Problem, Research Objectives, Research Questions, Hypothesis, HA: Alternate Hypothesis, HO: Null Hypothesis, Significance. Chapter 3: Research Methodology, Research Design, Population, Sample, probability sampling, on-probability Sampling, Research Tools, Pilot Study, Data Collection. Chapter 4: Data Analysis Variables, Limitation / Delimitation, Research Ethics, Time Frame, References, and Bibliography are the important steps of Synopsis/ Research Proposal. Chapter 5: In the fifth chapter of this book, the writer describes the following topic again for more knowledge of the readers. The topics that are described in this chapter are: Identifying a Topic, Reviewing Literature, Formulating Hypotheses or Objectives, Designing Methodology, Write Methodology Section, Research Approach, Research Design, Data Collection Methods, Data Analysis Plan, Justify Techniques, Ethical Considerations, Pilot Testing, Limitations, and Ethical Considerations. This book is helpful for researchers and scholars
Qlantic Journal of social sciences and Humanities, 2024
The present study aims to measure emotional intelligence level leadership abilities and find out... more The present study aims to measure emotional intelligence level leadership abilities and find out the relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership abilities of head teachers of girls' secondary school at district Rahim Yar Khan. This descriptive correlational nature study used a survey research design. Headteachers of girls’ secondary schools in the district of Rahim Yar Khan constituted the population of the study. The 96 head teachers contributed to data collection. An online questionnaire was used as a research tool for data collection. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS-22 and presented in tables and figures. The study found a significant positive correlation between the emotional intelligence and leadership abilities of secondary school head teachers at district Rahim Yar Khan. The researchers recommended that the head teachers be given proper training in emotional intelligence in order to provide them with sufficient know-how about emotional intelligence and teach them how to use it for handling and motivating the employees under their auspices. The researchers also recommended that the study be replicated in other districts and at different levels of education to pave the way for generalizing the results of studies already conducted in this regard.
This newfangled research is masterpiece evidence in the dominion of the research field, an exerti... more This newfangled research is masterpiece evidence in the dominion of the research field, an exertion towards capturing the impact of Pakistani truck quotes; a great Pakistani culture. The study undertakes multimodal discourse analysis embedded in the sayings on the Pakistani Trucks The evidence for the existing research was educed from the truck quotes by using different resources. The study uses some selected verses for sampling, which were taken from the websites. The congregated statistics were later evaluated by using contextualization thematic analysis to capture the essence of quotes by highlighting and considering the broader socio-cultural context as well as embedded on trucks. Inductive reasoning is used by the researcher in this study as Themes emerge from the data without being constrained by pre-existing theoretical frameworks. In this research multimodal analysis of truck quotes was used to identify common themes and their societal implications. The study finds the discourse of sad emotions, feelings, requests, Satire on the Nation, Revenge attitude & severe pain, warning of having love, A good wish, and Love towards a Personality. In the end, researchers presented some recommendations on the base of the results.
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is crucial in shaping the evolution of emoji usage, especially w... more Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is crucial in shaping the evolution of emoji usage, especially within touch-based smartphone interfaces. As technology progresses, frequent updates introduce new emojis, cementing their integral role in digital communication. Understanding these dynamics is essential for optimizing emoji use in HCI, which enhances communication effectiveness and user satisfaction. Emojis have fundamentally transformed text-based communication by enabling users to convey nuanced emotions and prevent miscommunication in the absence of vocal cues. They offer a broader spectrum of emotional expression compared to traditional text alone. This study focuses on examining the frequency and perception of emojis among traditional-aged college students (ages 16-25 above). College students, being heavy users of technology and influencers of personal tech trends, serve as an ideal demographic for this study. By applying insights from Linguistics to HCI, this interdisciplinary approach aims to advance emoji development and maintenance in technology. This research explores how college students integrate emojis into their communication practices, their perceptions of emoji effectiveness, and their influence on digital interactions. By bridging linguistics with HCI, this study contributes to enhancing technological innovations that support richer and more effective communication through emojis.
The study highlights several key findings regarding the differences in students' perceptions betw... more The study highlights several key findings regarding the differences in students' perceptions between face-to-face (F2F) and online learning methods, using course experience questionnaires (CEQ) and online course experience questionnaires (OCEQ). Here's a breakdown of the findings and implications: The study found significant differences in several factors between F2F and online learning methods. These include the total score of the questionnaire, the factor of good teaching (GT), the factor of clear goals (CG), and the factor of appropriate assessment (AA). These differences indicate that students perceive distinct qualities and effectiveness in these aspects depending on the learning method. The lack of social interaction in online learning compared to F2F settings is suggested as a potential reason for these differences. According to constructionist theory, social interaction plays a crucial role in learning, potentially explaining why students rate factors like good teaching, clear goals, and appropriate assessment differently in online contexts. Interestingly, the study found that the factor of emphasis on independence did not show significant differences between F2F and online learning methods. This contrasts with previous research findings, which might be due to the increasing flexibility and adaptability of blended learning approaches where both F2F and online components are integrated. In summary, while online learning has become a prominent alternative due to the pandemic, this study underscores the importance of understanding and addressing the differences in students' perceptions and experiences between online and face-to-face learning environments.
Flouting of the conversational maxims (Principles) using hedging techniques by the
politicians a... more Flouting of the conversational maxims (Principles) using hedging techniques by the politicians and educationists in the political talk shows is interested to be explored. The present study examined that how the maxim of manner and maxim of relation is ignored by the speakers in media discourse by taking insight from the Grice’s cooperative principles; and how maxim of manner and the maxim of relevance are hedged by the speakers. The current study employs the qualitative research design. Twelve sociopolitical and educational programs were selected for data analysis. The research findings revealed that the maxim of relation and maxim of manner was flouted by the speakers in political talk shows; and female politicians and educationists used hedging technique more than male politicians and educationists. Moreover, study exposed the reasons of flouting of the conversational maxims by the speakers, and also found that female speakers interrupt more than male speakers. On the base of these results some recommendations are presented in the end.
Generally assumed that, the students who are taught phonological instructions perform better in p... more Generally assumed that, the students who are taught phonological instructions perform better in pronunciation than the students who are not taught phonological instructions. The present research aim is to analyze the effect of phonological instructions on the improvement of ESL students' pronunciation. The selected sample was the university level ESL students. The sample was divided into two equal groups named as control group and experimental group through purposive sampling technique. Experimental group was taught through phonological instructions by multiple video recordings and classroom lessons while control group was taught through the traditional instructions. A pronunciation test was taken as pretest and posttest and collected data was analyzed through SPSS with the application of independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test. The obtained results showed that there was significant improvement in the mean scores between the control and experimental group. The performance of the students of experimental group was improved. This research is useful in the ESL teaching-learning process by using the Phonological instructions to solve the pronunciation problems.
The present research explores the role of YouTube lectures, vlogs, and videos in enhancing ESL Le... more The present research explores the role of YouTube lectures, vlogs, and videos in enhancing ESL Learning. The mixed approach was used in this study. The study population comprises ESL students of English at schools and colleges. A sample size of 60 participants was selected equally from these schools and colleges through random sampling. An online questionnaire was used as a research tool /instrument for the purposive data collection. The questionnaire contained three parts; the first comprised demographic information about the research, the second part contained ten close-ended questions, and the third part contained two open-ended questions. The questionnaire was sent via WhatsApp and email using Google Forms. The collected and assembled data were later analyzed using SPSS's latest version 24. The data was presented in numerical form in figures and tables. The research findings revealed students' positive responses to the role of YouTube lectures, vlogs, and videos in enhancing ESL learning. Based on these findings, the researchers presented some recommendations for future researchers.
The effect of conditional sentences on the cognitive learning of ESL students is important becaus... more The effect of conditional sentences on the cognitive learning of ESL students is important because, in different cognitive tests, the questions related to conditional sentences are included. During the studies, students should have proper awareness and knowledge about conditional sentences. Investigating the awareness, learning, knowledge as well as deficiencies about this topic is necessary. The study was survey and descriptive in nature. The quantitative as well as qualitative (QUAN-qual) method was implemented for the planned study. The explanatory sequential technique was implied. On the whole, the results of this research showed that KFUEIT students have good learning opportunities in their classrooms and a good number of students have awareness and knowledge of conditional sentences So, the results were opposite to the hypothesis of the researcher that there is no sufficient role of effect of conditional sentences on the cognitive learning of graduate students. The research will prove beneficial for ESL learners. In the end researchers has presented some recommendations on the base of research findings.
The effect of conditional sentences on the cognitive learning of graduate students is
important ... more The effect of conditional sentences on the cognitive learning of graduate students is important because, in different cognitive tests, the questions related to conditional sentences are included. During the studies, students should have proper awareness and knowledge about conditional sentences. Investigating the awareness, learning, knowledge as well as deficiencies about this topic is necessary. For this survey and descriptive nature study the quantitative and qualitative (QUAN-qual.) method was implemented. The explanatory sequential technique was implied. The researchers analyzed the responses of the participants of the two indicators: type-one indicator conditional sentences, and typetwo conditional sentences. The results of the indicators were concerned according to the responses of the students. Results showed that majority of students have consciousness and knowledge of conditional sentences and they try to keep the practice of conditional sentences. The students understand the correct and incorrect sentences. In the end some recommendations are presented on the base of results. The study will prove beneficial for students, educators and future researchers.
Writing is a vibrant tool in all learning areas. It is a difficult task for ESL undergraduate stu... more Writing is a vibrant tool in all learning areas. It is a difficult task for ESL undergraduate students. The literary element of cohesion is essential for mastering writing. This study aimed to look into the percentages and frequencies of coherent grammatical devices in KFUEIT ESL students' written paragraphs. The second-semester studentsat the Department of Humanities, Health, and Social Sciences were selected randomly. The mixed method of research methodology, both qualitative and quantitative were used for analyzation.by adopting the framework of Halliday and Hassan (1976). The researcher aimed to analyze the errors' percentages and frequencies of cohesionthat BS students employed in their written,personal, demonstrative,possessive pronouns,personal subjective,temporal, additive, and adversative cohesive devices were selected by the researcher.Each devise's results with frequency and percentage showed by the researcher in table 3. In these two categories of cohesion (pronouns and conjunctions), the results revealed that the students of KUEIT made the most frequent errors in adversative and personal subjective pronouns with percentages of 31% and 24. As compared to both categories,conjunctionis the most frequent category of grammatical cohesive devices errors used in the writing of students of KFUEIT with a total percentage of 59%. This study recommends that these ESL students should be more conscious of their writing skills. They should develop their cohesive grammaticaldevices awareness as well as they should improve their vocabulary.
In the initial stage, the students face many problems: they do not know where they
should get st... more In the initial stage, the students face many problems: they do not know where they should get started, and they do not understand which area they should choose and what is the way of choosing the proper area. Often the students don’t have proper guidelines. Chapter 1: Steps are described in how to select the research’s title. Chapter 2: Introduction, Review of Related Literature, Theoretical Framework, Conceptual Framework, Rationale of Study/Justification, Statement of Problem, Research Objectives, Research Questions, Hypothesis, HA: Alternate Hypothesis, HO: Null Hypothesis, Significance. Chapter 3: Research Methodology, Research Design, Population, Sample, probability sampling, on-probability Sampling, Research Tools, Pilot Study, Data Collection. Chapter 4: Data Analysis Variables, Limitation / Delimitation, Research Ethics, Time Frame, References, and Bibliography are the important steps of Synopsis/ Research Proposal. Chapter 5: In the fifth chapter of this book, the writer describes the following topic again for more knowledge of the readers. The topics that are described in this chapter are: Identifying a Topic, Reviewing Literature, Formulating Hypotheses or Objectives, Designing Methodology, Write Methodology Section, Research Approach, Research Design, Data Collection Methods, Data Analysis Plan, Justify Techniques, Ethical Considerations, Pilot Testing, Limitations, and Ethical Considerations. This book is helpful for researchers and scholars
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Papers by Bushra Rasheed
relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership abilities of head teachers of girls' secondary school
at district Rahim Yar Khan. This descriptive correlational nature study used a survey research design.
Headteachers of girls’ secondary schools in the district of Rahim Yar Khan constituted the population of the
study. The 96 head teachers contributed to data collection. An online questionnaire was used as a research tool
for data collection. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS-22 and presented in tables and figures. The study
found a significant positive correlation between the emotional intelligence and leadership abilities of secondary
school head teachers at district Rahim Yar Khan. The researchers recommended that the head teachers be given
proper training in emotional intelligence in order to provide them with sufficient know-how about emotional
intelligence and teach them how to use it for handling and motivating the employees under their auspices. The
researchers also recommended that the study be replicated in other districts and at different levels of education
to pave the way for generalizing the results of studies already conducted in this regard.
politicians and educationists in the political talk shows is interested to be explored. The
present study examined that how the maxim of manner and maxim of relation is ignored
by the speakers in media discourse by taking insight from the Grice’s cooperative
principles; and how maxim of manner and the maxim of relevance are hedged by the
speakers. The current study employs the qualitative research design. Twelve sociopolitical and educational programs were selected for data analysis. The research findings
revealed that the maxim of relation and maxim of manner was flouted by the speakers in
political talk shows; and female politicians and educationists used hedging technique more
than male politicians and educationists. Moreover, study exposed the reasons of flouting
of the conversational maxims by the speakers, and also found that female speakers
interrupt more than male speakers. On the base of these results some recommendations
are presented in the end.
important because, in different cognitive tests, the questions related to conditional
sentences are included. During the studies, students should have proper awareness and
knowledge about conditional sentences. Investigating the awareness, learning, knowledge
as well as deficiencies about this topic is necessary. For this survey and descriptive nature
study the quantitative and qualitative (QUAN-qual.) method was implemented. The
explanatory sequential technique was implied. The researchers analyzed the responses of
the participants of the two indicators: type-one indicator conditional sentences, and typetwo conditional sentences. The results of the indicators were concerned according to the
responses of the students. Results showed that majority of students have consciousness
and knowledge of conditional sentences and they try to keep the practice of conditional
sentences. The students understand the correct and incorrect sentences. In the end some
recommendations are presented on the base of results. The study will prove beneficial for
students, educators and future researchers.
Books by Bushra Rasheed
should get started, and they do not understand which area they should choose and
what is the way of choosing the proper area. Often the students don’t have proper
guidelines. Chapter 1: Steps are described in how to select the research’s title.
Chapter 2: Introduction, Review of Related Literature, Theoretical Framework,
Conceptual Framework, Rationale of Study/Justification, Statement of Problem,
Research Objectives, Research Questions, Hypothesis, HA: Alternate Hypothesis,
HO: Null Hypothesis, Significance. Chapter 3: Research Methodology, Research
Design, Population, Sample, probability sampling, on-probability Sampling,
Research Tools, Pilot Study, Data Collection. Chapter 4: Data Analysis Variables,
Limitation / Delimitation, Research Ethics, Time Frame, References, and
Bibliography are the important steps of Synopsis/ Research Proposal. Chapter 5:
In the fifth chapter of this book, the writer describes the following topic again for
more knowledge of the readers. The topics that are described in this chapter are:
Identifying a Topic, Reviewing Literature, Formulating Hypotheses or Objectives,
Designing Methodology, Write Methodology Section, Research Approach,
Research Design, Data Collection Methods, Data Analysis Plan, Justify
Techniques, Ethical Considerations, Pilot Testing, Limitations, and Ethical
Considerations. This book is helpful for researchers and scholars
relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership abilities of head teachers of girls' secondary school
at district Rahim Yar Khan. This descriptive correlational nature study used a survey research design.
Headteachers of girls’ secondary schools in the district of Rahim Yar Khan constituted the population of the
study. The 96 head teachers contributed to data collection. An online questionnaire was used as a research tool
for data collection. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS-22 and presented in tables and figures. The study
found a significant positive correlation between the emotional intelligence and leadership abilities of secondary
school head teachers at district Rahim Yar Khan. The researchers recommended that the head teachers be given
proper training in emotional intelligence in order to provide them with sufficient know-how about emotional
intelligence and teach them how to use it for handling and motivating the employees under their auspices. The
researchers also recommended that the study be replicated in other districts and at different levels of education
to pave the way for generalizing the results of studies already conducted in this regard.
politicians and educationists in the political talk shows is interested to be explored. The
present study examined that how the maxim of manner and maxim of relation is ignored
by the speakers in media discourse by taking insight from the Grice’s cooperative
principles; and how maxim of manner and the maxim of relevance are hedged by the
speakers. The current study employs the qualitative research design. Twelve sociopolitical and educational programs were selected for data analysis. The research findings
revealed that the maxim of relation and maxim of manner was flouted by the speakers in
political talk shows; and female politicians and educationists used hedging technique more
than male politicians and educationists. Moreover, study exposed the reasons of flouting
of the conversational maxims by the speakers, and also found that female speakers
interrupt more than male speakers. On the base of these results some recommendations
are presented in the end.
important because, in different cognitive tests, the questions related to conditional
sentences are included. During the studies, students should have proper awareness and
knowledge about conditional sentences. Investigating the awareness, learning, knowledge
as well as deficiencies about this topic is necessary. For this survey and descriptive nature
study the quantitative and qualitative (QUAN-qual.) method was implemented. The
explanatory sequential technique was implied. The researchers analyzed the responses of
the participants of the two indicators: type-one indicator conditional sentences, and typetwo conditional sentences. The results of the indicators were concerned according to the
responses of the students. Results showed that majority of students have consciousness
and knowledge of conditional sentences and they try to keep the practice of conditional
sentences. The students understand the correct and incorrect sentences. In the end some
recommendations are presented on the base of results. The study will prove beneficial for
students, educators and future researchers.
should get started, and they do not understand which area they should choose and
what is the way of choosing the proper area. Often the students don’t have proper
guidelines. Chapter 1: Steps are described in how to select the research’s title.
Chapter 2: Introduction, Review of Related Literature, Theoretical Framework,
Conceptual Framework, Rationale of Study/Justification, Statement of Problem,
Research Objectives, Research Questions, Hypothesis, HA: Alternate Hypothesis,
HO: Null Hypothesis, Significance. Chapter 3: Research Methodology, Research
Design, Population, Sample, probability sampling, on-probability Sampling,
Research Tools, Pilot Study, Data Collection. Chapter 4: Data Analysis Variables,
Limitation / Delimitation, Research Ethics, Time Frame, References, and
Bibliography are the important steps of Synopsis/ Research Proposal. Chapter 5:
In the fifth chapter of this book, the writer describes the following topic again for
more knowledge of the readers. The topics that are described in this chapter are:
Identifying a Topic, Reviewing Literature, Formulating Hypotheses or Objectives,
Designing Methodology, Write Methodology Section, Research Approach,
Research Design, Data Collection Methods, Data Analysis Plan, Justify
Techniques, Ethical Considerations, Pilot Testing, Limitations, and Ethical
Considerations. This book is helpful for researchers and scholars