Conference Presentations by Bedasa Eba/Tebeje
Bara 2004 keessa pirojaktiin keenya "pirojaktii kaloo" kan sagantaa dhaabbata USAID deeggaramuu f... more Bara 2004 keessa pirojaktiin keenya "pirojaktii kaloo" kan sagantaa dhaabbata USAID deeggaramuu fi Adapting Systems to Climate Change jedhamu rakkoolee gurguddoo lafa olka'aa Booranaatti uumaman ilaalchisee furmaata barbaaduu eegale. Lafti olka'aan kun baay'ina uummata irra jiraatuu fi loon irra dheedaniin hedduu kan hubamee jiru yoo ta'e illee, toftalee soorata loonii hedduumminaan argachuu fi hoomishtummaa loonii guddisuu dandeessiisan qorachuu barbaanne.horsiisee-bultoonni hunda caalaatti maal akka barbaadan beekuuf maloota hirmaachisaa ta'anitti kan fayyadamne yommuu ta'u, isaanis wantoonni isaan hunda caalaatti akka rakkootti ilaalan hanqina bishaan dhugaatii uummataa fi horiidhaaf tajaajilu akka ta'e ibsaniiru. Kunis akka caasaa haroo qorannu kallattii nutti agarsiiseera; sababni isaas haroon soorata loonii, loonii fi uummata bishaan wajjin kan walqabsiisu waan ta'eef dha.
Papers by Bedasa Eba/Tebeje
Pastoralism, Sep 19, 2023
Pastoralist tenure systems are highly complex. Where customary institutions are functioning well,... more Pastoralist tenure systems are highly complex. Where customary institutions are functioning well, pastoralist women access and use resources as a member of a pastoralist group. Although policy and legislation call for more equity across societies, providing individual titles to women is not necessarily the answer. Strengthening women's rights within the collective society while also supporting women's capacities and abilities to participate meaningfully in decision-making processes and hold leadership positions will support more sustainable gender equality outcomes. Participatory rangeland management (PRM) is an approach developed in Ethiopia in 2010 that was then piloted by non-governmental organisations in several parts of the country in a bid to improve the security of tenure and good governance of rangelands, more inclusive participation of pastoralists in decisions pertaining to their lands and improve rangeland productivity. While not an explicit aim, it also sought women's empowerment as part of the participatory process. A review of PRM implementation in Oromia and Afar regions, Ethiopia, showed that in the majority of cases, women participated equally with men in the PRM process. Women's and men's opinions on the involvement and satisfaction of PRM implementation activities were compared favourably. Overall, community members believed that PRM has improved women's roles in rangeland management leadership and decision-making processes and their access to rangeland resources, thereby encouraging a transformative process of improving gender equality and women's empowerment in pastoralist societies. This article considers the implications of these results for pastoral women and to what degree they have contributed to their empowerment. A conceptualised women's empowerment framework is used for the analysis.
The experiment was carried out to introduce and evaluate the adaptability of specific vetch genot... more The experiment was carried out to introduce and evaluate the adaptability of specific vetch genotypes based on yield, yield components and nutritional quality in Guji Zone, Ethiopia. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three blocks, each containing 7 plots of vetch accessions namely; Vicia villosa IRLI, Vicia atropurporea, Vicia villosa Holota, Vicia sativa ICARD 61509, Vicia sativa ICARD 61744, Vicia dasycarpa lana and Vicia dasycarpa namoi in 2010 summer season and 4 plots of Vetch varieties/accessions (Vicia narbonensis, Lelisa, Abdeta and Gebisa) in 2011 summer season with each plot measuring 3m x 4m was used. The analysis of yield and yield components and quality shows that Vicia sativa ICARD 61744 and Vicia sativa ICARD 61509 was significantly higher in seed yield and Vicia sativa ICARD 61744 was significantly less in Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) content. Vicia sativa ICARD 61509 was significantly higher in Dry Matter Yield (DMy) and it is similar with other accessions except Vicia dasycarpa namoi. Vicia villosa Holeta was significantly higher in green forage yield and highest in Organic matter (OM), Crude Protein (CP) and In vitro Organic matter digestibility (DOMD). Abdeta was significantly higher in seed per pod, seed yield and Harvesting Index (HI) and highest in OM. Lelisa was significantly higher in green forage yield and late in date of maturity at (P<0.05). Therefore, based on the performance of most parameters, Vetch accessions/varieties, Vicia atropurpureum, Vicia villosa Holota, Vicia sativa ICARD61509 and Vicia sativa ICARD61744, in 2010 and Gebisa and Lelisa, in 2011 were best performing.
Effects of livestock feed sourcing and feeding strategies on livestock water productivity in mixe... more Effects of livestock feed sourcing and feeding strategies on livestock water productivity in mixed crop-livestock systems of the Blue Nile basin highlands of Ethiopia. In: Wolde Mekuria.
This study was conducted with an objective of adapting, see the yield, quality and recommend impr... more This study was conducted with an objective of adapting, see the yield, quality and recommend improved perennial grass accessions to the highland of Guji Zone, Ethiopia in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three blocks. Accessions were (Phalaris aquatica Sirossa Phalaris aquatica Sirocco, ILCA 14983, ILCA 14984 and variety X (Holeta local). Broadcasting method for Phalaris and 0.5meter between plant and 1meter between row spacing for Napier grass was applied at planting time each plot measuring 4meter x 6meter. Yield parameters were analyzed using statistical analysis software (SAS) and the means of quality parameters were compared with standards. Accordingly, Napier variety X was significant in survival rate, number of shoot, date of first harvest and harvesting frequency at (P<0.05) and highest in crude protein (CP) content. ILCA 14983 were also significant in survival rate and number of shoot and has highest in vitro dry matter digestibility (DOMD). Phalaris aquatica Sirossa was significant in green forage yield and has highest in vitro dry matter digestibility (DOMD). Generally, considering most parameters, Variety X and ILCA 14983 from Napier grass, Phalaris aquatica Sirossa from Phalaris were selected and recommended to the area and has to be evaluated under farmers' conditions.
Ecological Indicators
Herbaceous vegetation species' responses to different frequencies of cutting regimes have not bee... more Herbaceous vegetation species' responses to different frequencies of cutting regimes have not been evaluated in the Borana rangelands of southern Ethiopia. The present study was aimed to determine the grass and non-grass species' yield responses to four cutting frequencies over two years (2019 and 2020). The four cutting frequencies were cutting once after the end of the main growing season (T1), cutting every week (T2), cutting every two weeks (T3), and cutting every three weeks (T4). Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. In total, 37 different herbaceous species comprising 15 grass and 22 non-grass species were sampled. Cutting frequencies had a significant effect (P<0.01) on herbaceous biomass with yield decreasing as cutting frequencies increased. Herbaceous species richness and both non-grass species richness and diversity were significantly (P<0.05) high for T4 while T3 significantly (P<0.05) promoted non-grass density. Grass dried biomass was significantly (P<0.001) high for T1. Subsequent cutting over years significantly (P<0.05) affected grass species composition and biomass. Continuous application of T3 over years significantly (P<0.05) favored non-grass species composition and density. Only herbaceous biomass was significantly (P<0.05) affected by subsequent application of cutting frequencies over years being high for T1. T1 enhanced the percentages dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and acid detergent lignin of both grass and non-grass species. T2 favored the percentages of crude protein and true in-vitro organic matter digestibility for grass and non-grass species. For short-term rangeland management in terms of plant yield and better quality, T4 (intermediate cutting frequency) will be suggested when applied subsequently over years.
Copyright © 2014 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Com... more Copyright © 2014 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT: This study was carried out to assess the types, sources, seasonality and marketing practices of feed, and the feeding practices of dairy cattle. Irrespective of locational and seasonal variation, basal diets like commonly natural pastures (grasses, legumes, herbs, shrubs and trees foliage) and recently crop residues (straws of teff, wheat, maize and sorghum, haulms of haricot beans) were available in lowland. Straws of barely, vines of sweet potato, and by-products of banana and Enset were exclusive to mid-highland along with above mentioned. Industrial by-products apt for enhancing dairy cattle productivity were commonly purchased during prolonged dry season and drought outbreak of both agro-ecologies. Standing hay (Kallo) and co...
There is little documentation about the status, management, and governance of the communal grassl... more There is little documentation about the status, management, and governance of the communal grasslands of Ethiopia’s highlands. However, research being carried out by ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute) in northern Shewa, Amhara region, is highlighting their importance as a critical resource for those farmers engaged in mixed crop-livestock livelihood systems across the highland areas. These grassland areas range from 2 to 200 hectares and can be used by up to four different villages or ‘kebele’ and providing on average 10-20% of livestock feed for local farmers. However, this important resource is rapidly disappearing with encroachment of farming and tree-planting with species such as Eucalyptus spp. that kill grasses. The remaining grassland is often degraded through poorly organized grazing and overuse. In the past these communal areas made up around 50% of village areas, but this has now significantly reduced. Most of these communal grasslands have effectively no ma...
In the highlands of Ethiopia, communal grasslands are a critical resource that provide livestock ... more In the highlands of Ethiopia, communal grasslands are a critical resource that provide livestock feed to farmers and ecosystem services to greater society. Most communal grasslands are managed by government-registered user groups, some of whom have received government certification of user rights. However, the absence of community-driven plans for grazing and other management, and insecure land tenure, subject communal grasslands to heavy, almost unregulated grazing, often resulting in land degradation. The lack of rest from grazing reduces the regeneration capacity of grasslands, while heavy and unorganized grazing causes land degradation. Subdividing communal grasslands for cultivation of crops is often unavoidable, yet is frequently unsustainable due to poor This brief is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.
CGIAR is a global partnership that unites organizations engaged in research for a food-secure fut... more CGIAR is a global partnership that unites organizations engaged in research for a food-secure future. The CGIAR Research Program on Livestock provides research-based solutions to help smallholder farmers, pastoralists and agro-pastoralists transition to sustainable, resilient livelihoods and to productive enterprises that will help feed future generations. It aims to increase the productivity and profitability of livestock agri-food systems in sustainable ways, making meat, milk and eggs more available and affordable across the developing world. The Program brings together five core partners: the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) with a mandate on livestock; the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), which works on forages; the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), which works on small ruminants and dryland systems; the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) with expertise particularly in animal health and genetics and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) which connects research into development and innovation and scaling processes.
For any reuse or distribution, the licence terms of this work must be made clear to others. Any o... more For any reuse or distribution, the licence terms of this work must be made clear to others. Any of the above conditions can be waived if permission is obtained from the copyright holder. Nothing in this licence impairs or restricts the author's moral rights. Fair dealing and other rights are in no way affected by the above. The parts used must not misrepresent the meaning of the publication. ILRI would appreciate being sent a copy of any materials in which text, photos etc. have been used. Editing, design and layout
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Conference Presentations by Bedasa Eba/Tebeje
Papers by Bedasa Eba/Tebeje
into the causes of farmer–herder conflict and uncover any trends and potential gaps in understanding. A second aim was to ascertain to what degree conflict is connected to land and natural resources and to what extent land tenure insecurity is cited as a cause of conflict and how this is discussed. A third aim was to understand to what degree and in what
capacity women and youth are mentioned in research on farmer–herder conflict.
The review followed a systematic scoping review approach. A search of academic research articles in English- and French-language Web of Science, Science Direct and think-tank libraries identified 88 relevant research articles and papers. These 88 papers were selected
from a long list of 1,102 articles, suggesting that, although interest in farmer–herder conflicts is significant, primary research on the causes of conflicts is scarce.
All case studies reviewed make a direct link between farmer–herder conflict and land or natural resources. Nearly all conclude that conflict is increasing or becoming increasingly violent, but only a few present primary evidence to support this claim.
Regarding categories of causes, most studies emphasise governance, political and social factors rather than resource scarcity or climate change. These factors include weak or exclusive governance, land issues, poor relationships between groups and ethnic bias. Those are followed by (perceived) pastoral mismanagement, environmental scarcity, violence and human insecurity. Climate change, while a topic of global interest, does not feature as one of the top causes of conflict.
While land issues are given prominence, land tenure insecurity is identified tangentially and more through its impacts, such as blocked or limited access to land and natural resources and tenure disputes. The identification of tenure insecurity itself (i.e., the reason this may be
happening) is scarce and mentioned in only 13% of cases. This suggests that the analysis of farmer–herder conflicts fails to go to the root causes and focuses instead on what is seen or can be easily quantified and explained. A deeper investigation into the relationship between
land tenure, insecurity and conflict is recommended.
Women are mentioned in relation to conflict in only 28% of the studies, primarily as victims and less frequently as instigators of conflict or peacemakers. Young people are more frequently mentioned, in 43% of the studies, and primarily as participants in conflict. Youth is not differentiated by sex in these studies, but everything suggests that male
youth is being discussed.
The findings from this scoping review suggest that more primary research on farmer–herder conflicts is required, and the breaking down of what are normally grouped as ‘causes’ into influencing forces, triggers, sparks and root causes of different depths. In addition, the explicit role of tenure insecurity in farmer–herder conflict, and the role of women and youth in these conflicts, and the impacts on them, needs more attention.