Papers by Anu Rajan S Dr., KAU
Book of Abstracts of National Seminar on Climate Smart Agriculture for Sustainable Soil and Plant Health in Plantation Crops
Emerging Challenges of Biotic and Abiotic Stress related to Climate Change 36-80 3 Resilience Str... more Emerging Challenges of Biotic and Abiotic Stress related to Climate Change 36-80 3 Resilience Strategies through AI Powered Innovations and ICT tools 81-100 4 Post-Harvest Management for Enhancing Profitability and Environmental Security 101-118
Food Tech Today, 2024
The FSSAI is integral in controlling food safety in India, highlighting the agency's importance i... more The FSSAI is integral in controlling food safety in India, highlighting the agency's importance in guaranteeing wholesome and safe food for human consumption. Its goals include regulating the manufacturing, distribution, storage, and sale of food products and combining many food-related legislations under one roof. The statute guarantees that food satisfies consumer standards in every way and offers customers legal recourse if standards are broken. The FSSAI is the primary regulatory body for food safety, and the government is in charge of enacting regulations about the act. Introduction Food is a basic human need. It should be healthy, nutritious, and readily available. The government has the responsibility to provide safer food to citizens. Shockingly, one-third of the deaths worldwide are caused by foodborne infections. Food adulteration, a criminal act, involves compromising food quality by adding unauthenticated substances. These substances are added to meet the selfish needs of the sellers, such as prolonging shelf life, enhancing taste, and improving appearance. This deceitful practice misleads consumers and leads to diseases and malnutrition. Safe food should meet the acceptable risk criteria since zero risk is impossible. The increasing demand for less time-consuming meals increases the concern for food safety. Food safety is a multidisciplinary approach that covers everything from production or preparation to distribution. Different laws enacted under varied ministries led to a dysfunctional system of nonconductive food standards-a highly integrated system of rules and regulations needed to guarantee the system's potency. Food Safety and Standard Act 2006 FSS Act 2006, pivotal legislation in food safety, plays a central role in assuring the standard and safety of our food. Establishing the FSSAI under the FSS Act 2006 was a significant milestone in promoting food safety, hygiene, and quality (Jena, 2018). The
Journal of Plant development Sciences, 2024
In a symbiotic relationship , Arbuscular M ycorrhizal Fungi (AM F) enhance the host's absorption ... more In a symbiotic relationship , Arbuscular M ycorrhizal Fungi (AM F) enhance the host's absorption of nutrients such as phosphate and nitrate while the heterotrophic fungal partner is provided with photosynthates from the host plant. M ycorrhiza-induced resistance, or M IR, is a trait of AM F-colonized plants that is attributed to a variety of mechanisms, including enhanced plant nutrition, altered root morphology and rhizosphere environment, controlled synthesis of secondary metabolites, competition for invasion sites and nutrients, stimulation of the plant defense system to elicit defense responses that include morphological, biochemical, and molecular ones, thus effectively managing fungal diseases. Therefore, in sustainable agriculture, AM F can be employed as an important tool in integrated crop disease management.
Pink pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFMs) are plant associated bacteria that utilise singl... more Pink pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFMs) are plant associated bacteria that utilise single carbon compounds and which have plant growth promotion potential. We have carried out the in vitro screening of two PPFM isolates obtained from paddy; PPFM 37 and PPFM 38 for abiotic stress tolerance and both the isolates showed tolerance to various levels of stresses viz., pH, salinity and water stress. Seed treatment of tomato var. Vellayani Vijay with these isolates improved germination and seedling growth. Seed treatment with PPFM 37 improved the growth parameters, and the dry weight recorded 28% increase over control. Hence the potential of these PPFM isolates for developing a farmer friendly commercial formulation for mitigating abiotic stress in crop plants can be explored.
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, Apr 21, 2023
Bacteria belonging to the genus Methylobacterium, popularly known as pink pigmented facultative m... more Bacteria belonging to the genus Methylobacterium, popularly known as pink pigmented facultative methylotrophic (PPFM) bacteria, are well known for their distinct ability to use single-carbon compounds like methanol, formate and formaldehyde, and also a variety of multi-carbon substrates lacking carbon-carbon bonds. These bacterial groups are ubiquitously distributed, especially in phyllosphere and rhizosphere, and their occurrence have been reported in more than 100 species of plants so far. PPFMs have profound influence on soil fertility, crop growth and yield. The ability for phosphate acquisition, nitrogen fixation, iron chelation and phytohormone production indicate the possibility of developing them as promising biofertilizer candidates. In addition, many of them possess biocontrol activity against several phytopathogens. PPFMs induce several physiological changes in plants, making the plants more resistant to biotic and abiotic stress. They can therefore be promising alternatives to conventional chemical inputs in sustainable agricultural systems.
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
Bacteria belonging to the genus Methylobacterium, popularly known as pink pigmented facultative m... more Bacteria belonging to the genus Methylobacterium, popularly known as pink pigmented facultative methylotrophic (PPFM) bacteria, are well known for their distinct ability to use single-carbon compounds like methanol, formate and formaldehyde, and also a variety of multi-carbon substrates lacking carbon-carbon bonds. These bacterial groups are ubiquitously distributed, especially in phyllosphere and rhizosphere, and their occurrence have been reported in more than 100 species of plants so far. PPFMs have profound influence on soil fertility, crop growth and yield. The ability for phosphate acquisition, nitrogen fixation, iron chelation and phytohormone production indicate the possibility of developing them as promising biofertilizer candidates. In addition, many of them possess biocontrol activity against several phytopathogens. PPFMs induce several physiological changes in plants, making the plants more resistant to biotic and abiotic stress. They can therefore be promising alternati...
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2023
Foot rot disease (Phytophthora capsici) causes severe economic losses to cultivators of black pep... more Foot rot disease (Phytophthora capsici) causes severe economic losses to cultivators of black pepper. Fungicides used for managing the disease adversely affect the export potential of the product due to their residual toxicity. Endospore-forming bacterial strains, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens VLY24, Bacillus pumilus VLY17, and Bacillus velezensis PCSE10 were evaluated for growth promotion and disease suppression in black pepper nursery at two locations in Kerala, India. All the isolates could suppress Phytophthora capsici under in vitro conditions. Spraying detached leaves with a cell suspension of the bacterial isolates could delay the development and progression of lesion. In the in vivo trials, bacterized cuttings had a better establishment in the nursery when compared to uninoculated control. Plant growth parameters like the number of leaves, roots, and shoots were more in bacterized cuttings. Cuttings treated with Bacillus pumilus VLY17 when challenge inoculated with the pathogen...
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 2013
Any plants that are propagated vegetatively are likely to have an enduring community of bacterial... more Any plants that are propagated vegetatively are likely to have an enduring community of bacterial colonists that are transferred in successive progeny generations. The plant growth promoting effects attributed to endophytes are due to the direct production of phytohormones such as auxins, cytokinins etc or through the induction of phytohormone synthesis by the plant. Being a vegetatively propagated plant species, Hibiscus rosasinensis shoots are amenable for treatment with endophytic bacteria. The effect of endophytic bacteria on the rooting and establishment of cuttings of Hibiscus rosasinensis was studied here. Four endophytic isolates and the consortium of them screened for their plant hormone production was used for this study. The treatment of cuttings with the tomato isolate LEE19 (Klebsiella sp.) for 12 hours, showed 75 % sprouting of cuttings and the highest shoot and root parameters compared to uninoculated cuttings. The rooting also increased to 100 % in LEE19 treatment. The treatment of entophytic bacteria increased significantly the number of leaves/ cutting, the shoot length, root length and fresh weight of roots. So the pre-plant stem treatment of cuttings can be recommended as a strategy for substituting or supplementing the use of chemical plant growth hormones in vegetative propagation of cuttings.
As all human activities, crop production and in particular, the use of mineral fertilizers has an... more As all human activities, crop production and in particular, the use of mineral fertilizers has an “environmental footprint”. At this critical juncture, bioinoculants are useful supplement to chemical fertilizers. Methylotrophs have received a great deal of attention as a bioinoculant recently due to their potential commercial application. Considering enormous potential of these microorganisms a study has been framed to determine the plant growth promoting ability of the meth ylotrophs and to study the effect of combined inoculation of methylotrophs, Azospirillum and phosphobacteria on hybrid tomato CoTH1 under pot culture conditions. The drymatter production enhanced significantly in all the treatments with microbial consortia by different methods than individual inoculation and control. At harvest 142.31 g plant -1was recorded in the treatment with microbial consortia followed by a phyllosphere spray of methylotroph at 100%RDF than control (107.23 g plant -1 ). There was an increas...
Endophytes are microrganisms living inside plant tissues forming intimate relationships with the ... more Endophytes are microrganisms living inside plant tissues forming intimate relationships with the host plants and have the potential for ap- plication in plant protection and biological control. The previously reported successes in utilizing bacterial endophytes as biological control agents have led us to investigate the endophytic bacteria originally isolated from vegetable crops for their ability to inhibit four phytopathogens viz. Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani invitro. In this study, twenty bacterial isolates were screened for their antifungal activity by coinoculation assay in broth culture. The re- duction in dry weight of the fungal biomass was estimated. These endophytic isolates were tentatively identified as belonging to Pseudomonas sp. The isolates tested showed varying degrees of inhibition against the test pathogens ranging from 5 to 97.3% inhibi- tion. The observed suppression of fungal patho- gens could be attribut...
bioinoculants are useful supplement to chemical fertilizers. Methylotrophs have received a great ... more bioinoculants are useful supplement to chemical fertilizers. Methylotrophs have received a great deal of attention as a bioinoculant recently due to their potential commercial application. Considering enormous potential of these microorganisms a study has been framed to determine the plant growth promoting ability of the meth ylotrophs and to study the effect of combined inoculation of methylotrophs, Azospirillum and phosphobacteria on hybrid tomato CoTH1 under pot culture conditions. The drymatter production enhanced significantly in all the treatments with microbial consortia by different methods than individual inoculation and control. At harvest 142.31 g plant -1was recorded in the treatment with microbial consortia followed by a phyllosphere spray of methylotroph at 100%RDF than control (107.23 g plant-1). There was an increase in the number of flowering clusters, number of fruits per plant and individual fruit weight due to the treatments with microbial consortia. Consequently...
Insight Microbiology, 2013
Any plants that are propagated vegetatively are likely to have an enduring community of bacterial... more Any plants that are propagated vegetatively are likely to have an enduring community of bacterial colonists that are transferred in successive progeny generations. The plant growth promoting effects attributed to endophytes are due to the direct production of phytohormones such as auxins, cytokinins etc or through the induction of phytohormone synthesis by the plant. Being a vegetatively propagated plant species, Hibiscus rosasinensis shoots are amenable for treatment with endophytic bacteria. The effect of endophytic bacteria on the rooting and establishment of cuttings of Hibiscus rosasinensis was studied here. Four endophytic isolates and the consortium of them screened for their plant hormone production was used for this study. The treatment of cuttings with the tomato isolate LEE19 (Klebsiella sp.) for 12 hours, showed 75 % sprouting of cuttings and the highest shoot and root parameters compared to uninoculated cuttings. The rooting also increased to 100 % in LEE19 treatment. The treatment of entophytic bacteria increased significantly the number of leaves/ cutting, the shoot length, root length and fresh weight of roots. So the pre-plant stem treatment of cuttings can be recommended as a strategy for substituting or supplementing the use of chemical plant growth hormones in vegetative propagation of cuttings.
Conference Presentations by Anu Rajan S Dr., KAU
Abstract Compendium of 2 nd International Conference On Modernized Technologies for Climate Change in Agriculture (ICMTCA- 2024), 2024
Pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFMs) are diverse microbial community
associated with... more Pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFMs) are diverse microbial community
associated with the phyllosphere of crop plants that utilize one carbon (C1) compounds as
energy source. Their distinctive pink pigmentation due to carotenoids render them to be
tolerant to extreme light conditions and radiations. They promote plant growth and help
plants to tolerate diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. Forty PPFMs were isolated from the
phyllosphere of chilli (Capsicum frutescens) by leaf imprinting and twenty-three distinct
isolates were selected based on colony morphology for further studies. The isolates produced
indole acetic acid (IAA: 2.17 to 18.25 µg mL-1
), gibberellic acid (GA: 6.56to 22.06 µg mL-1
)
and extracellular ammonia (4.20 to 10.06 µg mL-1
). Antagoniostic activity of the isolates
against Fusarium oxysporum was tested by dual culture plate assay and isolates CF6, CF9,
and CF1 showed best inhibition. Since the isolates exhibit plant growth promotion potential
the development of these PPFMs as bioinoculants can be considered for climate smart
agriculture
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Papers by Anu Rajan S Dr., KAU
Conference Presentations by Anu Rajan S Dr., KAU
associated with the phyllosphere of crop plants that utilize one carbon (C1) compounds as
energy source. Their distinctive pink pigmentation due to carotenoids render them to be
tolerant to extreme light conditions and radiations. They promote plant growth and help
plants to tolerate diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. Forty PPFMs were isolated from the
phyllosphere of chilli (Capsicum frutescens) by leaf imprinting and twenty-three distinct
isolates were selected based on colony morphology for further studies. The isolates produced
indole acetic acid (IAA: 2.17 to 18.25 µg mL-1
), gibberellic acid (GA: 6.56to 22.06 µg mL-1
)
and extracellular ammonia (4.20 to 10.06 µg mL-1
). Antagoniostic activity of the isolates
against Fusarium oxysporum was tested by dual culture plate assay and isolates CF6, CF9,
and CF1 showed best inhibition. Since the isolates exhibit plant growth promotion potential
the development of these PPFMs as bioinoculants can be considered for climate smart
agriculture
associated with the phyllosphere of crop plants that utilize one carbon (C1) compounds as
energy source. Their distinctive pink pigmentation due to carotenoids render them to be
tolerant to extreme light conditions and radiations. They promote plant growth and help
plants to tolerate diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. Forty PPFMs were isolated from the
phyllosphere of chilli (Capsicum frutescens) by leaf imprinting and twenty-three distinct
isolates were selected based on colony morphology for further studies. The isolates produced
indole acetic acid (IAA: 2.17 to 18.25 µg mL-1
), gibberellic acid (GA: 6.56to 22.06 µg mL-1
)
and extracellular ammonia (4.20 to 10.06 µg mL-1
). Antagoniostic activity of the isolates
against Fusarium oxysporum was tested by dual culture plate assay and isolates CF6, CF9,
and CF1 showed best inhibition. Since the isolates exhibit plant growth promotion potential
the development of these PPFMs as bioinoculants can be considered for climate smart
agriculture