Animal Research International

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Animal Research International is an online Journal inaugurated in University of Nigeria to meet the growing need for an indigenous and authoritative organ for the dissemination of the results of scientific research into the fauna of Africa and the world at large. Concise contributions on investigations on faunistics, zoogeography, wildlife management, genetics, animal breeding, entomology, parasitology, pest control, ecology, malacology, phytonematology, physiology, histopathology, biochemistry, bioinformatics, microbiology, pharmacy, veterinary medicine, aquaculture, hydrobiology, fisheries biology, nutrition, immunology, pathology, anatomy, morphometrics, biometrics and any other research involving the use of animals are invited for publication. While the main objective is to provide a forum for papers describing the results of original research, review articles are also welcomed. Articles submitted to the journal is peer reviewed to ensure a high standard. Submit your paper @ www.zoo-unn.org
Supervisors: Editor: Professor Joseph E. Eyo
Phone: 08026212686
Address: Applied Zoology Research Group, Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria.

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In Vivo and in Vitro Evaluation of the Inhibitory Effect of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts on Haemozoin Concentration

Animal Research International, Dec 29, 2016

The resistance of current drugs against malaria parasite is increasing, thus the need for evaluat... more The resistance of current drugs against malaria parasite is increasing, thus the need for evaluation of the haemozoin (HZ) concentration in malaria parasite as a novel strategy for malaria control. Haemozoin load in the blood of patients was measured after taking antimalarials or plants extracts. The tested plant extracts were established to reduce HZ concentration in vivo. Haemozoin was extracted from the blood samples of all the malaria positive patients studied by centrifugation and the concentration analyzed spectrophotometrically at 400 nm wavelength. Comparative anti-malaria activity of some conventional drugs: Maldox, Halfan, Artecxin, Amatem, Mefloquine (quinolines) and Malmed, the leaf and stem back extracts of Sarcocephalius latifolius and Alstonia boonei, containing potent pyhytochemicals including tannins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, was evaluated to establish the most effective agent for haemozoin reduction and subsequently, malaria therapy. Each agent was administered to patients in each malaria episode, and the absorbance of haemozoin produced determined at 4000 nm wavelength. Packed cell volume (PCV) was estimated to establish the proportion of red blood cells before and after haemozoin production, using microhaematocrit reader. All the chemical antimalarial drugs used effected reduction in haemozoin concentration. However, Mefloquine (Quinolines) showed the highest activity with significant difference of 0.01 (p<0.05). The plant extracts similarly exerted significant reduction in the haemozoin concentration. Nevertheless, Alstonia boonei extract was the most effective in haemozoin reduction at 0.00 significant level (p<0.05). Of all the therapeutants (chemical and plant extracts) tested, Alstonia boonei stem back extract most significantly reduced haemozoin production (p<0.05), indicating its potential for use in novel anti-plasmodium and antimalaria drug formulation.

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