Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is one of the most destructive plant viruses which infect a... more Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is one of the most destructive plant viruses which infect a large number of vegetable crops in greenhouses causing significant economic losses. A survey was conducted to identify TYLCV strains which infect tomato plants (Solanum lycopesicum L.) in greenhouses along the Syrian coast. PCR results using specific primer pair TYAlmv2516/TYAlmc115 confirmed the presence of Spanish strain (TYLCSV-ES)́ iń 6́ out́ of́ thé 19́ tested́ samples,́ whereaś otheŕ sampleś didn’t́ react́ with́ this primer pair. Phylogenetic tree showed that the isolates To11 and To18 collected from Tartous province clustered in the same subgroup with 99.1% nucleotide identity, and this subgroup clustered in one group with TYLCSV-ES 5a [LN846598] from Morocco with 97% and 97.4% nucleotide identities, respectively. Local isolate To6 collected from Lattakia province clustered in the same subgroup with TYLCSV-ES [L27708] from Almeria (Spain) with 99.5% nucleotides identity. Key...
Mouhanna, A.M., A.A. Ali Hasan and H.N.H. Alobaidi. 2021. Detection and Molecular Characterizatio... more Mouhanna, A.M., A.A. Ali Hasan and H.N.H. Alobaidi. 2021. Detection and Molecular Characterization of Watermelon Mosaic Virus (WMV) Spread Along the Syrian Coast. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 39(1): 47-54. Identification of local isolates of Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) was investigated using serological and molecular methods. A total of 293 leaf samples from watermelon, zucchini, pumpkin, cucumber, pepper, beans and potato, with symptoms suggestive of virus infection, were collected from fields in two Syrian governorates (Latakia, Tartus) along the Syrian coast. DAS-ELISA tests revealed the presence of WMV in watermelon, zucchini, pumpkin and cucumber samples, with an average relative incidence of 36.95, 26.31, 29.27 and 37.70%, respectively. The infection of pepper with Watermelon mosaic virus was reported for the first time in Syria, with an average relative incidence of 2.94%. WMV was not detected in potato and beans, and these results were confirmed by RT-PCR. The local W...
Beekeepers in Syria have reported higher-than-usual colony losses in the last 8 years. These elev... more Beekeepers in Syria have reported higher-than-usual colony losses in the last 8 years. These elevated losses average is more than 20% nationally. This study aimed to detect seven honeybee viruses in some provinces in Syria. RT-PCR was used in 240 Samples, which collected from eight provinces. It is shown that there is presence of four-honey bee’s virus (Deformed wing virus DWV, Acute bee paralysis virus ABPV, Chronic bee paralysis virus CBPV and Sacbrood virus SBV). The single viral infection rates were 100% (DWV), 18.89% (ABPV), 5.56% (CBPV) and 13.33% (SBV). DWV positivity prevalence in all studied regions, while the ABPV prevalence in four regions, and both CBPV and SBV prevalence in only two regions. This study is the first report of presence CBPV and SBV in Syria and adding a new recording of the ABPV in a new region.
Barhoum, H.Sh., H. Adib Al-Roz and A.M. Mouhanna. 2018. Plant extracts and their role in stimulat... more Barhoum, H.Sh., H. Adib Al-Roz and A.M. Mouhanna. 2018. Plant extracts and their role in stimulating the production of antimicrobial peptides in honey bee workers,
Mouhanna, A.M. 2018. Primary evaluation of Acibenzolar-S-Methyl (ASM) efficiency on vegetative pa... more Mouhanna, A.M. 2018. Primary evaluation of Acibenzolar-S-Methyl (ASM) efficiency on vegetative parameters and resistance responses of tomato and eggplant to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita.
Viruses represent a threat to the health of honey bee, Apis mellifera. To alleviate such threat, ... more Viruses represent a threat to the health of honey bee, Apis mellifera. To alleviate such threat, a better understanding of bee viral infections is crucial in developing effective and environmentally sound disease control strategies. The knowledge related to honey bee viruses has been increased considerably during the past four decades. Until now, there is no comprehensive review in Arabic to compile the various aspects of bee viruses covering the biological, physiological and molecular levels. This review complement a previous one covering the most important viral honey bee diseases, their transmission, symptoms and prevalence in the world. In addition, it summarizes the most recent important information on these topics, and defines as well the gaps that require further studies.
Mouhanna, A.M., L.S. Dibeh and E. Choueiri. 2016. Detection of Polymyxa betae using scanning elec... more Mouhanna, A.M., L.S. Dibeh and E. Choueiri. 2016. Detection of Polymyxa betae using scanning electron microscopy and soil borne viruses in sugar beet by multiplex RT-PCR in Syria and Lebanon. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 34(2): 106-113. Polymyxa betae Keskin is considered the only vector of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and Beet soil borne virus (BSBV). In addition, P. betae is a vector of other viruses such as Beet soil borne mosaic virus (BSBMV) and Beet virus Q (BVQ). Six soil samples were collected from different locations of sugar beet fields previously infected with Rhizomania in Syria and Lebanon. Detection of resting spores of P. betae was carried out in the roots of sugar beet using scanning electron microscopy with multiple dyes and magnifications up to 6000 x. Total RNA was extracted from sugar beet samples infected with P. betae and subjected to multiplex-PCR test using specific primers of BNYVV, BSBV, BSBMV and BVQ. BNYVV was detected in Homs (Talbisah), Al Ghab (Ein Elkorum) and Lebanon (Maallaka) samples; BSBV was found in Homs (Talbisah) and Lebanon (Maallaka) samples; whereas BSBMV was only detected in Lebanon (Al rawda).
When grown in contaminated soil, several weed species proved to be alternative hosts for the Beet... more When grown in contaminated soil, several weed species proved to be alternative hosts for the Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), the Beet soil-borne virus (BSBV), and their common vector Polymyxa betae. The monocotyledonous plants Alopecurus myosuroides, Lolium multiflorum, Sorghum vulgare, Sorghum halepense and dicotyledonous plants Calystegia sepium, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Centaurea cyanus, Convolvulus arvensis, Galinsorga parviflora, Matricaria inodora, Stellaria media were positively tested, whereas Chenopodium album was shown to be a host for P. betae, but couldn't be verified in ELISA to be a host for the viruses. The status of the weeds as alternative hosts was confirmed by positive re-transmission of the viruses by their vector from infected weed roots to susceptible sugar beet plants. ITS sequence and northern blot analysis proved P. betae but not P. graminis to be the vector for the virus transmission from weeds.
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the biopesticide Beauveria bassiana (B... more Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the biopesticide Beauveria bassiana (Bio-fly) on the whitefly Bemisia tabaci Genn (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in tomato greenhouses, and under field conditions in Syrian costal area against larvae of the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Additionally, Beauveria bassiana was tested under controlled conditions in laboratory on the larvae of white cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae L. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). A concentration of 1.5 ml/l of the biopesticide was sprayed twice with one week interval. After 14 days of treatment, the results showed that the efficiency reached 75% on B. tabaci and P. rapae larvae and more than 90% on the larvae of S. littoralis.
This study aimed to investigate the genetic variability of Fusarium spp. isolates collected from ... more This study aimed to investigate the genetic variability of Fusarium spp. isolates collected from Solanacious plants (tomato, pepper and eggplant) in Syria. 20 primers for RAPD marker were used on 59 fungal isolates. Results showed that 14 primers had the ability to amplify one or multi sites of the fungal genome. The total number of amplified fragments was 123, with a polymorphism rate of 81.3%. The phylogenetic tree showed that the isolates can be divided into two main groups (G1, G2) at a genetic similarity level of 0.58. The G1 group included F. solani isolates and the G2 group included F. oxysporum isolates. When the ISSR technique was applied on 11 F. oxysporum isolates collected from a tomato plant, 12 out of 20 primers were able to amplify 110 fragments with a polymorphism rate of 52.72%. The ISSR phylogenetic tree showed that these isolates can be divided into six groups, more or less associated with their pathogenicity (0-68%). This is the first study on genetic variability of Fusarium spp. on Solanacious plants with emphasis on F. oxysporum isolates from tomato throughout Syria.
This study aimed to investigate the genetic variability of Fusarium spp. isolates collected from ... more This study aimed to investigate the genetic variability of Fusarium spp. isolates collected from Solanacious plants (tomato, pepper and eggplant) in Syria. 20 primers for RAPD marker were used on 59 fungal isolates. Results showed that 14 primers had the ability to amplify one or multi sites of the fungal genome. The total number of amplified fragments was 123, with a polymorphism rate of 81.3%. The phylogenetic tree showed that the isolates can be divided into two main groups (G1, G2) at a genetic similarity level of 0.58. The G1 group included F. solani isolates and the G2 group included F. oxysporum isolates. When the ISSR technique was applied on 11 F. oxysporum isolates collected from a tomato plant, 12 out of 20 primers were able to amplify 110 fragments with a polymorphism rate of 52.72%. The ISSR phylogenetic tree showed that these isolates can be divided into six groups, more or less associated with their pathogenicity (0-68%). This is the first study on genetic variability of Fusarium spp. on Solanacious plants with emphasis on F. oxysporum isolates from tomato throughout Syria.
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is one of the most destructive plant viruses which infect a... more Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is one of the most destructive plant viruses which infect a large number of vegetable crops in greenhouses causing significant economic losses. A survey was conducted to identify TYLCV strains which infect tomato plants (Solanum lycopesicum L.) in greenhouses along the Syrian coast. PCR results using specific primer pair TYAlmv2516/TYAlmc115 confirmed the presence of Spanish strain (TYLCSV-ES)́ iń 6́ out́ of́ thé 19́ tested́ samples,́ whereaś otheŕ sampleś didn’t́ react́ with́ this primer pair. Phylogenetic tree showed that the isolates To11 and To18 collected from Tartous province clustered in the same subgroup with 99.1% nucleotide identity, and this subgroup clustered in one group with TYLCSV-ES 5a [LN846598] from Morocco with 97% and 97.4% nucleotide identities, respectively. Local isolate To6 collected from Lattakia province clustered in the same subgroup with TYLCSV-ES [L27708] from Almeria (Spain) with 99.5% nucleotides identity. Key...
Mouhanna, A.M., A.A. Ali Hasan and H.N.H. Alobaidi. 2021. Detection and Molecular Characterizatio... more Mouhanna, A.M., A.A. Ali Hasan and H.N.H. Alobaidi. 2021. Detection and Molecular Characterization of Watermelon Mosaic Virus (WMV) Spread Along the Syrian Coast. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 39(1): 47-54. Identification of local isolates of Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) was investigated using serological and molecular methods. A total of 293 leaf samples from watermelon, zucchini, pumpkin, cucumber, pepper, beans and potato, with symptoms suggestive of virus infection, were collected from fields in two Syrian governorates (Latakia, Tartus) along the Syrian coast. DAS-ELISA tests revealed the presence of WMV in watermelon, zucchini, pumpkin and cucumber samples, with an average relative incidence of 36.95, 26.31, 29.27 and 37.70%, respectively. The infection of pepper with Watermelon mosaic virus was reported for the first time in Syria, with an average relative incidence of 2.94%. WMV was not detected in potato and beans, and these results were confirmed by RT-PCR. The local W...
Beekeepers in Syria have reported higher-than-usual colony losses in the last 8 years. These elev... more Beekeepers in Syria have reported higher-than-usual colony losses in the last 8 years. These elevated losses average is more than 20% nationally. This study aimed to detect seven honeybee viruses in some provinces in Syria. RT-PCR was used in 240 Samples, which collected from eight provinces. It is shown that there is presence of four-honey bee’s virus (Deformed wing virus DWV, Acute bee paralysis virus ABPV, Chronic bee paralysis virus CBPV and Sacbrood virus SBV). The single viral infection rates were 100% (DWV), 18.89% (ABPV), 5.56% (CBPV) and 13.33% (SBV). DWV positivity prevalence in all studied regions, while the ABPV prevalence in four regions, and both CBPV and SBV prevalence in only two regions. This study is the first report of presence CBPV and SBV in Syria and adding a new recording of the ABPV in a new region.
Barhoum, H.Sh., H. Adib Al-Roz and A.M. Mouhanna. 2018. Plant extracts and their role in stimulat... more Barhoum, H.Sh., H. Adib Al-Roz and A.M. Mouhanna. 2018. Plant extracts and their role in stimulating the production of antimicrobial peptides in honey bee workers,
Mouhanna, A.M. 2018. Primary evaluation of Acibenzolar-S-Methyl (ASM) efficiency on vegetative pa... more Mouhanna, A.M. 2018. Primary evaluation of Acibenzolar-S-Methyl (ASM) efficiency on vegetative parameters and resistance responses of tomato and eggplant to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita.
Viruses represent a threat to the health of honey bee, Apis mellifera. To alleviate such threat, ... more Viruses represent a threat to the health of honey bee, Apis mellifera. To alleviate such threat, a better understanding of bee viral infections is crucial in developing effective and environmentally sound disease control strategies. The knowledge related to honey bee viruses has been increased considerably during the past four decades. Until now, there is no comprehensive review in Arabic to compile the various aspects of bee viruses covering the biological, physiological and molecular levels. This review complement a previous one covering the most important viral honey bee diseases, their transmission, symptoms and prevalence in the world. In addition, it summarizes the most recent important information on these topics, and defines as well the gaps that require further studies.
Mouhanna, A.M., L.S. Dibeh and E. Choueiri. 2016. Detection of Polymyxa betae using scanning elec... more Mouhanna, A.M., L.S. Dibeh and E. Choueiri. 2016. Detection of Polymyxa betae using scanning electron microscopy and soil borne viruses in sugar beet by multiplex RT-PCR in Syria and Lebanon. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 34(2): 106-113. Polymyxa betae Keskin is considered the only vector of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and Beet soil borne virus (BSBV). In addition, P. betae is a vector of other viruses such as Beet soil borne mosaic virus (BSBMV) and Beet virus Q (BVQ). Six soil samples were collected from different locations of sugar beet fields previously infected with Rhizomania in Syria and Lebanon. Detection of resting spores of P. betae was carried out in the roots of sugar beet using scanning electron microscopy with multiple dyes and magnifications up to 6000 x. Total RNA was extracted from sugar beet samples infected with P. betae and subjected to multiplex-PCR test using specific primers of BNYVV, BSBV, BSBMV and BVQ. BNYVV was detected in Homs (Talbisah), Al Ghab (Ein Elkorum) and Lebanon (Maallaka) samples; BSBV was found in Homs (Talbisah) and Lebanon (Maallaka) samples; whereas BSBMV was only detected in Lebanon (Al rawda).
When grown in contaminated soil, several weed species proved to be alternative hosts for the Beet... more When grown in contaminated soil, several weed species proved to be alternative hosts for the Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), the Beet soil-borne virus (BSBV), and their common vector Polymyxa betae. The monocotyledonous plants Alopecurus myosuroides, Lolium multiflorum, Sorghum vulgare, Sorghum halepense and dicotyledonous plants Calystegia sepium, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Centaurea cyanus, Convolvulus arvensis, Galinsorga parviflora, Matricaria inodora, Stellaria media were positively tested, whereas Chenopodium album was shown to be a host for P. betae, but couldn't be verified in ELISA to be a host for the viruses. The status of the weeds as alternative hosts was confirmed by positive re-transmission of the viruses by their vector from infected weed roots to susceptible sugar beet plants. ITS sequence and northern blot analysis proved P. betae but not P. graminis to be the vector for the virus transmission from weeds.
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the biopesticide Beauveria bassiana (B... more Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the biopesticide Beauveria bassiana (Bio-fly) on the whitefly Bemisia tabaci Genn (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in tomato greenhouses, and under field conditions in Syrian costal area against larvae of the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Additionally, Beauveria bassiana was tested under controlled conditions in laboratory on the larvae of white cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae L. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). A concentration of 1.5 ml/l of the biopesticide was sprayed twice with one week interval. After 14 days of treatment, the results showed that the efficiency reached 75% on B. tabaci and P. rapae larvae and more than 90% on the larvae of S. littoralis.
This study aimed to investigate the genetic variability of Fusarium spp. isolates collected from ... more This study aimed to investigate the genetic variability of Fusarium spp. isolates collected from Solanacious plants (tomato, pepper and eggplant) in Syria. 20 primers for RAPD marker were used on 59 fungal isolates. Results showed that 14 primers had the ability to amplify one or multi sites of the fungal genome. The total number of amplified fragments was 123, with a polymorphism rate of 81.3%. The phylogenetic tree showed that the isolates can be divided into two main groups (G1, G2) at a genetic similarity level of 0.58. The G1 group included F. solani isolates and the G2 group included F. oxysporum isolates. When the ISSR technique was applied on 11 F. oxysporum isolates collected from a tomato plant, 12 out of 20 primers were able to amplify 110 fragments with a polymorphism rate of 52.72%. The ISSR phylogenetic tree showed that these isolates can be divided into six groups, more or less associated with their pathogenicity (0-68%). This is the first study on genetic variability of Fusarium spp. on Solanacious plants with emphasis on F. oxysporum isolates from tomato throughout Syria.
This study aimed to investigate the genetic variability of Fusarium spp. isolates collected from ... more This study aimed to investigate the genetic variability of Fusarium spp. isolates collected from Solanacious plants (tomato, pepper and eggplant) in Syria. 20 primers for RAPD marker were used on 59 fungal isolates. Results showed that 14 primers had the ability to amplify one or multi sites of the fungal genome. The total number of amplified fragments was 123, with a polymorphism rate of 81.3%. The phylogenetic tree showed that the isolates can be divided into two main groups (G1, G2) at a genetic similarity level of 0.58. The G1 group included F. solani isolates and the G2 group included F. oxysporum isolates. When the ISSR technique was applied on 11 F. oxysporum isolates collected from a tomato plant, 12 out of 20 primers were able to amplify 110 fragments with a polymorphism rate of 52.72%. The ISSR phylogenetic tree showed that these isolates can be divided into six groups, more or less associated with their pathogenicity (0-68%). This is the first study on genetic variability of Fusarium spp. on Solanacious plants with emphasis on F. oxysporum isolates from tomato throughout Syria.
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