Papers by Sk. Ahiul Islam
The phenological parameters of five mangrove species such as Sundri (Heritiera fomes), Gewa (Exco... more The phenological parameters of five mangrove species such as Sundri (Heritiera fomes), Gewa (Excoecaria agallocha), Kankra (Bruguiera sexangula), Goran (Ceriops decandra) and Passur (Xylocarpus mekongensis) were studied during 2005-2014 at three ecological zones of the Sundarbans of Bangladesh. Appropriate annual time for leaf emergence, leaf shedding, flowering, fruiting and dropping time of fruit/ propagules were determined. The phenological parameters of E. agallocha, B. sexangula, C. decandra and X. mekongensis were found almost same in three salinity zones. It has been established that the duration of flowering, fruiting and dropping time of H. fomes was shorter in the less saline zone but longer in the strongly saline zone.
Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 2015
Trials were conducted in the rural homesteads to assess the propagation and growth performance of... more Trials were conducted in the rural homesteads to assess the propagation and growth performance of Calamus tenuis (jali bet) planted in the year 2010 and 2011 at 5 different sites, namely Char Kukri-Mukri (Bhola), Rangabali (Patuakhali), Char Osman (Noakhali), Sitakundu (Chittagong) and Kolatoli (Cox's Bazar) in the coastal belt of Bangladesh. Data on survival, stem height, diameter, shoot production etc. were recorded from 4.5 years old and 3.5 years old two trial plantations. Result showed that the significantly greater stem height was recorded of 13.03m at Rangabali, greater diameter was 1.53cm at Cox's Bazar and the greater number of shoots per clump was 27.45 at Char Kukri-Mukri site at the age of 4.5 years raised in 2010. In another experiment raised in 2011, the significantly greater height was 14.44m and the greater number of shoots produced per clump was 19.40 recorded from Rangabali site at the age of 3.5 years. The luxuriant stem growth was recorded from Char Kukri-Mukri and Rangabali areas and it was grown up to 21.15m and 20.0m respectively at the age of 4.5 years after planting. Therefore, this species can be planted in the coastal homesteads at wider scale for sustainable production of rattan (i.e., species of flexible palms in the tribe Calameae; an important non-timber mainly used for making baskets and furniture) resources in Bangladesh.
Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 2016
Growth trials of Sonneratia apetala (keora) raised from three different seed sources were conduct... more Growth trials of Sonneratia apetala (keora) raised from three different seed sources were conducted in the newly accreted lands at Rangabali under Patuakhali and Char Kukri-Mukri under Bhola district to assess the variation of growth and wood production of the species planted in 2007 and 2009. Data on survival, tree height and diameter at breast height (dbh) were recorded from 7 and 5 years old two trial plantations. Significantly greater height of 12.54m and 12.09m and greater dbh of 15.58cm and 14.56cm were recorded for best trees seed source at Char Kukri-Mukri and Rangabali sites respectively at the age of 7 years. Similarly, significantly greater height of 11.88m and 11.57m and greater dbh of 14.55cm and 13.44cm were recorded for best trees seed source at the age of 5 years in Char Kukri-Mukri and Rangabali sites respectively. Significantly greater wood volumes of 38.09 m 3 /ha/year and 37.50 m 3 /ha/year were produced by plantations of best trees seed source in both Char Kukri-Mukri and Rangabali sites respectively at the age of 7 years. The lowest growth and wood production were shown in the plantations raised from seeds of mass collection in both the years. Therefore, large scale plantations of S. apetala can be raised by using seedlings of best trees seeds for obtaining maximum growth and yield of coastal mangrove forest.
Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 2016
Two trials were conducted to assess the site-suitability and growth performance of ten woody medi... more Two trials were conducted to assess the site-suitability and growth performance of ten woody medicinal tree species planted in the year of 2014 and 2015 at two different sites namely Bogachater of Sitakundu upazilla and Bamansunder of Mirershorai upazilla under Chittagong district (eastern coastal belt). Data on survival, height, collar diameter, dbh, stem length and number of branch were recorded from 02 years and 01 year old two trial plantations. In Bogachater site, the result revealed that the highest survival was recorded for Terminalia catappa (89%) followed by Terminalia arjuna (78%), Azadirachta indica (70%), Terminalia belerica (66%) and Anthocephalus chinensis (64%). The highest height was recorded for Acacia catechu (3.06m) followed by A. chinensis (2.63m), Bombax ceiba (1.93m), T. arjuna (1.89 m) and T. catappa (1.82m). The highest collar diameter was found in A. chinensis (5.93cm) followed by A. catechu (4.97cm), T. arjuna (4.27cm), B. ceiba (4.23cm) and T. catappa (3.12cm) at the age of two years. In the Bamansunder site, the highest survival was recorded for T. arjuna (88%) followed by B. ceiba (78%), T. catappa (74%), T. belerica (68%) and A. chinensis (60%). The highest height was recorded for B. ceiba (0.99m) followed by A. catechu (0.94m) T. arjuna (0.93m) and A. chinensis (0.92m). Considering the survival, height and diameter growth, T. arjuna, A. chinensis, B. ceiba, T. catappa and A. catechu were found promising and may be suitable for planting in the raised lands of the eastern coastal belt of Bangladesh.
Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 2015
Large scale coastal plantations with Sonneratia apetala 1 have been established by the Forest Dep... more Large scale coastal plantations with Sonneratia apetala 1 have been established by the Forest Department along the coastline of Bangladesh since 1966. A study was conducted to assess the present stocking and growth performance of this species and status of naturally regenerated mangrove species inside S. apetala plantations. The study was carried out from 17-42 years old S. apetala stands at 20 small islands (chars) of 4 major locations namely Rangabali (Patuakhali), Char Kukri-Mukri (Bhola), Sitakundu (Chittagong) and Hatiya (Noakhali) of Bangladesh. The data on tree density, height and diameter were recorded from originally planted S. apetala plantations. The data on naturally regenerated mangrove species (seedlings, saplings, poles and trees) were also counted from afforested S. apetala plantations. The density of afforested S. apetala per hectare area was ranged between 311-2178 trees, tree height ranged between 6.37-20.66m and diameter at breast height (dbh) ranged between 17.32-34.02cm at different chars. Totals of 6, 9, 6 and 1 different regenerated mangrove species were found to occur naturally inside S, apetala plantations at Rangabali, Char Kukri-Mukri, Sitakundu and Hatiya sites respectively. The most abundant regenerated species was Excoecaria agallocha in all sites. Others important species were Heritiera fomes, Avicennia officinalis, Bruguiera sexangula at Rangabali; Aegiceras corniculatum, A. officinalis, H. fomes, Phoenix paludosa at Char Kukri-Mukri and Ceriops decandra, A. corniculatum, Tamarix indica, A. officinalis at Sitakundu site. This natural regeneration could be a second rotation multi-storied sustainable mangrove forest in the coastal belt of Bangladesh.
Journal of Science, Technology and Environment Informatics, 2015
The coastal zone of Bangladesh is extremely vulnerable to the impact of climate change. The coast... more The coastal zone of Bangladesh is extremely vulnerable to the impact of climate change. The coastal populations are mostly poor, some of them are landless and they earn their livelihood through agriculture, fishing, shrimp farming, salt farming etc. As the poor groups they are severely affected by climate related disaster and hazards. Climate change induced disasters destroy their livelihood options and increase peoples vulnerabilities. The devastating cyclone that occurred in 1991, Sidr in 2007, Nargis in 2008 and Aila in 2009, that killed thousands of people and destroyed inhabitation and infrastructures in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. Creation of mangrove and non-mangrove plantations along the coastal belt is highly desirable for reducing vulnerabilities and hazards of extreme weather events like cyclone and storm surges as green shelterbelt. Bangladesh Forest Department has already been raised large scale plantations mainly with Sonneratia apetala in all along the coastal belt to create a green shelterbelt. But these established plantations are facing tremendous pressure due to insect infestation, rising up forest floor and lack of inundation resulted large gaps inside plantations. From the available research findings, some of the other mangrove species are found suitable for planting inside the gaps of these plantations. Moreover, some of the nonmangrove species are found promising for planting in the raised coastal lands and embankment. Therefore, the selected promising species can be planted in the accreted lands, roadside, embankment and marginal lands for creating dense vegetation which can reduce the impact of all weather events resulting from climate change. Multi-species mangrove plantations can also be established in the accreted lands for long term sustainability of coastal ecosystem. The coastal community can be incorporated to the afforestation programmes for the sustainable development of coastal forestry. Thus they will be socially and environmentally benefited.
Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science, 2013
In a study conducted in three southern districts (Bhola, Borguna and Patuakhali) of Bangladesh, a... more In a study conducted in three southern districts (Bhola, Borguna and Patuakhali) of Bangladesh, a total of 69 tree species was recorded from the homegardens, of which 32 were fruit tree and 37 were timber tree species. Among the fruit tree species, coconut, betel nut, mango, jackfruit, guava, velvety apple were found in more than 80% households. The stocking of fruit trees per homestead was found highest for betel nut (265) followed by velvety apple (212), mango (38) coconut (25), jackfruit (20) and guava (9). Among the timber tree species, rain tree, mehogoni, raj koroi were most prevalent and found in more than 65% homesteads. The stocking of timber trees/ homestead was found highest for mehogoni (79) and then for rain tree (57), raj koroi (29) and katbadam (6). J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 39(1): 83-94, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v39i1.16037
Considering the sustainability of coastal forests, a trial with 13 mainland tree species was cond... more Considering the sustainability of coastal forests, a trial with 13 mainland tree species was conducted at Rangabali island of Patuakhali district and Char Kukri-Mukri island of Bhola district to observe the site-suitability and growth performance of the species. Another experiment of 4 palm species was conducted in a foreshore area at Char KukriMukri island. On the basis of survival, height and diameter growth, Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr.
The Indian Forester, 2015
An underplanting trial with eleven mangrove species were conducted in Sonneratia apetala plantati... more An underplanting trial with eleven mangrove species were conducted in Sonneratia apetala plantations at Rangabali island of Patuakhali district and Char Kukri-Mukri island of Bhola district, Bangladesh to observe the site-suitability and growth performance of the species. The data on survival, height and diameter growth were recorded from 21 years old matured experimental stands. Some mangrove species showed promising growth performance in the coastal belt. The highest survival was found in Aegiceras corniculatum followed by Phoenix paludosa, Excoecaria agallocha, Heritiera fomes and Xylocarpus mekongensis at Rangabali, and the highest survival in E. agallocha followed by P. paludosa, A. corniculatum, H. fomes and X. mekongensis at Char Kukri-Mukri. According to height and diameter growth, the most promising species were E. agallocha and then X. mekongensis, A. corniculatum, H. fomes and P. paludosa in both islands. Therefore, these mangrove species are suitable for raising second r...
Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science, Dec 30, 2015
Journal of Forestry Research, Nov 6, 2014
Experiments were conducted in the coastal raised lands to assess the growth performance of four m... more Experiments were conducted in the coastal raised lands to assess the growth performance of four mainland tree species in mixed systems planted in the year of 2012 and 2013 at Bogachater of Sitakundu upazilla under Chittagong district (eastern coastal belt). Data on surv i val, height and diameter at breast height (dbh) were recorded from 4 years and 3 years old trial plantations. In 4 years old plantation, the result showed that the highest survival was recorded for Casuarina equisetifolia (99%) followed by Pongamia pinnata (97%), Pithecellobium dulce (95%) and Acacia nilotica (93%). The significantly greater height was also recorded for C. equisetifolia (12.21m) and lowest was found in P. pinnata (4.28m). The significantly greater dbh was recorded for C. equisetifolia (9.14cm) followed by A. nilotica (7.08cm), P. dulce (5.32cm) and P. pinnata (4.76cm). In 3 years old plantation, the highest surv ival was recorded for C. equisetifolia (100%) followed by A. nilotica (96%) P. pinnata (82%), and P. dulce (76%). The significantly greater height was also recorded for C. equisetifolia (6.38m) the lowest was for P. dulce (3.96m). The significantly greater dbh was found in C. equisetifolia (7.21cm) and lowest was in P. dulce (3.44cm). Although C. equisetifolia were found most promising but all these 4 species showed good growth performance in the mixed planting systems and may be suitable for planting in the raised lands of the eastern coastal belt of Bangladesh.
Two trials were conducted to assess the site-suitability and growth performance of ten woody medi... more Two trials were conducted to assess the site-suitability and growth performance of ten woody medicinal tree species planted in the year of 2014 and 2015 at two different sites namely Bogachater of Sitakundu upazilla and Bamansunder of Mirershorai upazilla under Chittagong district (eastern coastal belt). Data on survival, height, collar diameter, dbh, stem length and number of branch were recorded from 02 years and 01 year old two trial plantations. In Bogachater site, the result revealed that the highest survival was recorded for Terminalia catappa (89%) followed by Terminalia arjuna (78%), Azadirachta indica (70%), Terminalia belerica (66%) and Anthocephalus chinensis (64%). The highest height was recorded for Acacia catechu (3.06m) followed by A. chinensis (2.63m), Bombax ceiba (1.93m), T. arjuna (1.89 m) and T. catappa (1.82m). The highest collar diameter was found in A. chinensis (5.93cm) followed by A. catechu (4.97cm), T. arjuna (4.27cm), B. ceiba (4.23cm) and T. catappa (3.12cm) at the age of two years. In the Bamansunder site, the highest survival was recorded for T. arjuna (88%) followed by B. ceiba (78%), T. catappa (74%), T. belerica (68%) and A. chinensis (60%). The highest height was recorded for B. ceiba (0.99m) followed by A. catechu (0.94m) T. arjuna (0.93m) and A. chinensis (0.92m). Considering the survival, height and diameter growth, T. arjuna, A. chinensis, B. ceiba, T. catappa and A. catechu were found promising and may be suitable for planting in the raised lands of the eastern coastal belt of Bangladesh.
The phenological parameters of five mangrove species such as Sundri (Heritiera fomes), Gewa (Exco... more The phenological parameters of five mangrove species such as Sundri (Heritiera fomes), Gewa (Excoecaria agallocha), Kankra (Bruguiera sexangula), Goran (Ceriops decandra) and Passur (Xylocarpus mekongensis) were studied during 2005-2014 at three ecological zones of the Sundarbans of Bangladesh. Appropriate annual time for leaf emergence, leaf shedding, flowering, fruiting and dropping time of fruit/ propagules were determined. The phenological parameters of E. agallocha, B. sexangula, C. decandra and X. mekongensis were found almost same in three salinity zones. It has been established that the duration of flowering, fruiting and dropping time of H. fomes was shorter in the less saline zone but longer in the strongly saline zone.
Growth trials of Sonneratia apetala (keora) raised from three different seed sources were conduct... more Growth trials of Sonneratia apetala (keora) raised from three different seed sources were conducted in the newly accreted lands at Rangabali under Patuakhali and Char Kukri-Mukri under Bhola district to assess the variation of growth and wood production of the species planted in 2007 and 2009. Data on survival, tree height and diameter at breast height (dbh) were recorded from 7 and 5 years old two trial plantations. Significantly greater height of 12.54m and 12.09m and greater dbh of 15.58cm and 14.56cm were recorded for best trees seed source at Char Kukri-Mukri and Rangabali sites respectively at the age of 7 years. Similarly, significantly greater height of 11.88m and 11.57m and greater dbh of 14.55cm and 13.44cm were recorded for best trees seed source at the age of 5 years in Char Kukri-Mukri and Rangabali sites respectively. Significantly greater wood volumes of 38.09 m 3 /ha/year and 37.50 m 3 /ha/year were produced by plantations of best trees seed source in both Char Kukri-Mukri and Rangabali sites respectively at the age of 7 years. The lowest growth and wood production were shown in the plantations raised from seeds of mass collection in both the years. Therefore, large scale plantations of S. apetala can be raised by using seedlings of best trees seeds for obtaining maximum growth and yield of coastal mangrove forest.
Homestead vegetation is important for social and economic benefits of rural households in Banglad... more Homestead vegetation is important for social and economic benefits of rural households in Bangladesh. The paper presents the potential role of homestead agroforestry practices through a case study during 2008-2012 at one village of Rangabali island of Patuakhali district and two villages of Char Kukri-Mukri island of Bhola districts. A total of 62 households were selected randomly from three char villages for this study. A total of 19 different tree species (8 timber and 11 fruit species) were planted in both the islands with success of 52 trees/homestead at Rangabali and 54 trees/homestead at Char Kukri-Mukri. The highest survival was found for tamarind (54.0%) followed by guava (52.82%), coconut (52.18%), mango
(51.25%), jackfruit (51.25%), betel nut (50.78%) and palmyra palm (40.62%) in Ranagbali. In Char Kukri-Mukri, the highest survival was found for kalo jam (53.80%) followed by betel nut (51.66%), jackfruit (51.33%), coconut (49.66%), tamarind (49.52%), mehogoni (49.12%), guava (47.84%), rain tree (45.45%) and akashmoni (44.0%). In both the study areas, there has been found significant growth and shortterm vegetable production that contributes to secure household foods and
economic benefits. The study suggests that small-scale agroforestry is increasingly needed for newly settled coastal homesteads for enriching vegetation and improving livelihood capacity of poor farmers.
Large scale coastal plantations with Sonneratia apetala have been established by the Forest Depar... more Large scale coastal plantations with Sonneratia apetala have been established by the Forest Department along the coastline of Bangladesh since 1966. A study was conducted to assess the present stocking and growth performance of this species and status of naturally regenerated mangrove species inside S. apetala plantations. The study was carried out from 17-42 years old S. apetala stands at 20 small islands (chars) of 4 major locations namely Rangabali (Patuakhali), Char Kukri-Mukri (Bhola), Sitakundu (Chittagong) and Hatiya (Noakhali) of Bangladesh. The data on tree density, height and diameter were recorded from originally planted S. apetala plantations. The data on naturally regenerated mangrove species (seedlings, saplings, poles and trees) were also counted from afforested S. apetala plantations. The density of afforested S. apetala per hectare area was ranged between 311-2178 trees, tree height ranged between 6.37-20.66m and dbh ranged between 17.32-34.02cm at different chars. Totals of 6, 9, 6 and 1 different regenerated mangrove species were found to occur naturally inside S, apetala plantations at Rangabali, Char Kukri-Mukri, Sitakundu and Hatiya sites respectively. The most abundant regenerated species was Excoecaria agallocha in all sites. Others important species were Heritiera fomes, Avicennia officinalis, Bruguiera sexangula at Rangabali; Aegiceras corniculatum, A. officinalis, H. fomes, Phoenix paludosa at Char Kukri-Mukri and Ceriops decandra, A. corniculatum, Tamarix indica, A. officinalis at Sitakundu site. This natural regeneration could be a second rotation multi-storied sustainable mangrove forest in the coastal belt of Bangladesh.
The coastal zone of Bangladesh is extremely vulnerable to the impact of climate change. The coast... more The coastal zone of Bangladesh is extremely vulnerable to the impact of climate change. The coastal populations are mostly poor, some of them are landless and they earn their livelihood through agriculture, fishing, shrimp farming, salt farming etc. As the poor groups they are severely affected by climate related disaster and hazards. Climate change induced disasters destroy their livelihood options and increase peoples vulnerabilities. The devastating cyclone that occurred in 1991, Sidr in 2007, Nargis in 2008 and Aila in 2009, that killed thousands of people and destroyed inhabitation and infrastructures in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. Creation of mangrove and non-mangrove plantations along the coastal belt is highly desirable for reducing vulnerabilities and hazards of extreme weather events like cyclone and storm surges as green shelterbelt. Bangladesh Forest Department has already been raised large scale plantations mainly with Sonneratia apetala in all along the coastal belt to create a green shelterbelt. But these established plantations are facing tremendous pressure due to insect infestation, rising up forest floor and lack of inundation resulted large gaps inside plantations. From the available research findings, some of the other mangrove species are found suitable for planting inside the gaps of these plantations. Moreover, some of the non-mangrove species are found promising for planting in the raised coastal lands and embankment. Therefore, the selected promising species can be planted in the accreted lands, roadside, embankment and marginal lands for creating dense vegetation which can reduce the impact of all weather events resulting from climate change. Multi-species mangrove plantations can also be established in the accreted lands for long term sustainability of coastal ecosystem. The coastal community can be incorporated to the afforestation programmes for the sustainable development of coastal forestry. Thus they will be socially and environmentally benefited.
Trials were conducted in the rural homesteads to assess the propagation and growth performance of... more Trials were conducted in the rural homesteads to assess the propagation and growth performance of Calamus tenuis (jali bet) planted in the year 2010 and 2011 at 5 different sites, namely Char Kukri-Mukri (Bhola), Rangabali (Patuakhali), Char Osman (Noakhali), Sitakundu (Chittagong) and Kolatoli (Cox’s Bazar) in the coastal belt of Bangladesh. Data on survival, stem height, diameter, shoot production etc. were recorded from 4.5 years old and 3.5 years old two trial plantations. Result showed that the significantly greater stem height was recorded of 13.03m at Rangabali, greater diameter was 1.53cm at Cox’s Bazar and the greater number of shoots per clump was 27.45 at Char Kukri-Mukri site at the age of 4.5 years raised in 2010. In another experiment raised in 2011, the significantly greater height was 14.44m and the greater number of shoots produced per clump was 19.40 recorded from Rangabali site at the age of 3.5 years. The luxuriant stem growth was recorded from Char Kukri-Mukri and Rangabali areas and it was grown up to 21.15m and 20.0m respectively at the age of 4.5 years after planting. Therefore, this species can be planted in the coastal homesteads at wider scale for sustainable production of rattan (i.e., species of flexible palms in the tribe Calameae; an important non-timber mainly used for making baskets and furniture) resources in Bangladesh.
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Papers by Sk. Ahiul Islam
(51.25%), jackfruit (51.25%), betel nut (50.78%) and palmyra palm (40.62%) in Ranagbali. In Char Kukri-Mukri, the highest survival was found for kalo jam (53.80%) followed by betel nut (51.66%), jackfruit (51.33%), coconut (49.66%), tamarind (49.52%), mehogoni (49.12%), guava (47.84%), rain tree (45.45%) and akashmoni (44.0%). In both the study areas, there has been found significant growth and shortterm vegetable production that contributes to secure household foods and
economic benefits. The study suggests that small-scale agroforestry is increasingly needed for newly settled coastal homesteads for enriching vegetation and improving livelihood capacity of poor farmers.
(51.25%), jackfruit (51.25%), betel nut (50.78%) and palmyra palm (40.62%) in Ranagbali. In Char Kukri-Mukri, the highest survival was found for kalo jam (53.80%) followed by betel nut (51.66%), jackfruit (51.33%), coconut (49.66%), tamarind (49.52%), mehogoni (49.12%), guava (47.84%), rain tree (45.45%) and akashmoni (44.0%). In both the study areas, there has been found significant growth and shortterm vegetable production that contributes to secure household foods and
economic benefits. The study suggests that small-scale agroforestry is increasingly needed for newly settled coastal homesteads for enriching vegetation and improving livelihood capacity of poor farmers.