Papers by Irina Safitri Zen
Deleted Journal, Jul 4, 2022
Integrating low-carbon-oriented urban planning into the world heritage site of Melaka State may c... more Integrating low-carbon-oriented urban planning into the world heritage site of Melaka State may challenge the objective of achieving its green technology state. The study's goal is to calculate the intensity of carbon emissions in Melaka State and identify the sectors that contribute the most to those emissions in order to differentiate the planning implications of climate mitigation action. Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emissions framework of assessment, or GPC, was deployed to calculate various greenhouse gas emissions. Time series data from 2013 to 2017 was collected from various sectors that contribute to carbon emissions in relation to respective government agencies and stakeholders in Melaka state. The data was then computed using the BASIC+ software and analysed using the GPC framework. The result depicted a steady increase of carbon emission equivalence from 4,837,836 tCO2e in 2014 to 6,295,918 tCO2e in 2017, where the top three emitters; stationary energy, transportation, and waste, recorded 98.5% of the total carbon emission of 6,295,918 million tCO2e in the year of 2017. The carbon emission intensity increases in per-capita emissions from 6.19 tCO2e (2013) to 6.88 tCO2e (2017), illustrating that each individual contributes to Melaka's increase in GHG emissions. Nevertheless, population growth records a decline in emission intensity of 0.189 tCO2e (2013) to 0.176 tCO2e (2017). With green technology intervention that reduces carbon emissions, the reduction indicates a U-shaped Kuznet curve for developed country status. Despite the constraints in the contemporary urban setting of Melaka's historic city centre as a world heritage site, the study suggests that numerous activities that promote green mobility, green technologies, and green initiatives have an impact on Melaka's overall carbon emission intensity at the individual level. Shifting from primary and secondary economic activity to tertiary economic activity and polycentric low carbon development will assist Melaka in meeting its goal of becoming a green technology city-state.
The establishment of low carbon assessment initiatives is a crucial task especially at the city l... more The establishment of low carbon assessment initiatives is a crucial task especially at the city level. The determination of which source of carbon contributed more require robust data set and strategic approach. Hence, by using the campus as a small city approach, the establishment of carbon assessment and its' reduction initiatives was required to keep track of the hotspot of the carbon source. The substantial amount of carbon source from campus operations such as energy consumption in the building, waste generation, and water consumption were identified. Moreover, as institutions of higher education, the execution of low carbon campus was initiated structurally involves the triangulation of research activities, teaching & learning and as well as campus operations or known as campus living lab approach. The application of low carbon cities framework, LCCF and assessment system enables to strategize the low carbon campus initiatives through the use of carbon footprint concept and the LCCF carbon track.
The establishment of low carbon assessment initiatives is a crucial task especially at the city l... more The establishment of low carbon assessment initiatives is a crucial task especially at the city level. The determination of which source of carbon contributed more require robust data set and strategic approach. Hence, by using the campus as a small city approach, the establishment of carbon assessment and its' reduction initiatives was required to keep track of the hotspot of the carbon source. The substantial amount of carbon source from campus operations such as energy consumption in the building, waste generation, and water consumption were identified. Moreover, as institutions of higher education, the execution of low carbon campus was initiated structurally involves the triangulation of research activities, teaching & learning and as well as campus operations or known as campus living lab approach. The application of low carbon cities framework, LCCF and assessment system enables to strategize the low carbon campus initiatives through the use of carbon footprint concept and the LCCF carbon track.
Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability, Jun 1, 2020
Education for sustainable development (ESD) is essential to study in order to understand environm... more Education for sustainable development (ESD) is essential to study in order to understand environmental changes from the perspective of student character building. This concept is the main foundation that refers to individual personality as a medium to build excellent capacity from an early age. At adolescent age, children experience a period with high emotional growth that encourages changes in attitudes and behavior patterns towards the surrounding environment. This exploratory study aimed at describing the relationship between environmental knowledge and studentsí attitudes and behaviors, along with challenging factors as the moderating variable, involving 320 participants from two junior high schools in two cities in Central Java, Indonesia. The data were analyzed using partial least square Smartpls v3.0. This study found that junior high school students had low environmental and social knowledge, but there was a good attitude and behavior tendency concerning the environment. The studentsí knowledge significantly influenced environmentally-friendly attitudes and behaviors, especially the social environment that the obstacles also became a significant moderating variable. Thus, schools and related parties should develop programs to increase the studentsí study orientation towards the environment and to have a collective awareness of the environment, specifically the ability to analyze and synthesize the surroundings.
Natural ventilation represents one of the challenges in Malaysia public housing since the most si... more Natural ventilation represents one of the challenges in Malaysia public housing since the most significant and important parameters reflects the layout design efficiency is the thermal comfort within the indoor environment. This paper investigated the thermal performance of a public housing prototype in Malaysia climate context with the duration of two weeks field measurement. Open Doors House System (ODOORS) is a proposed public housing prototype for the community needs. ODOORS offers a system to provide adequate, affordable, comfortable and quality housing for the hard-core poor in Malaysian, which only requires short construction time, and using readily available materials. It is also versatile for permanent and temporary function. Inspiring by the design concept of traditional Malay house, ODOORS integrating the industrialized building system by utilizing market ready construction materials for construction in order to achieve environmental responsive architecture with mass production building material. The parameters considered in the study were air humidity and air temperature. The result shows that there are significant differences between maximum air temperature of outdoor and indoor from 14% to 24% for total spaces in the prototype. The maximum indoor air temperature recorded as 29.09ºC, which is 14% lower than outdoor air temperature. The air humidity of indoor environment retained 11%-17% below the outdoor air humidity. Hence, the field measurement presents significant empirical findings about the effectiveness of natural ventilation strategies of ODOORS prototype design.
Ecological footprint (EF) is applied in universities to reduce the environmental impact and resou... more Ecological footprint (EF) is applied in universities to reduce the environmental impact and resource consumption from its main activities; teaching-learning, research and operations. The campus also functions in providing a physical environment covered by land area, building and infrastructure to support the living environment. In this case, the campus environment represents a small city level of EF sustainability assessment. The unique roles of EF can contribute to campus sustainability in developing own version of EF which measures the level of campus sustainability. With this approach, unsustainable elements can be determined and actions can be taken to mitigate the negative impact to the environment. In more specific, EF translates to individual levels that have an impact towards a campus by converting levels of consumption into the amount of land needed. This preliminary paper discusses the rationale and needs of EF as one of sustainability assessment for Malaysian universities in the context of campus sustainability.
In the era of urbanism, the emerging and ongoing development has been trendy and frequently assoc... more In the era of urbanism, the emerging and ongoing development has been trendy and frequently associated with adverse environmental impacts such as anthropogenic climate change and waste secretion. Poor environmental behaviours among public are accused for the negative impacts towards the environment. Considering that, it is importance to understand the interrelationship of socio-psychological factors to environmental behaviour for it will help the stakeholders such as policy makers and social marketers to form better strategies to foster proenvironmental behaviour among the public. Previously, researchers had explored socio-psychological factors such as environmental concern, attitude, intention, cognition, awareness and knowledge that affect their environmental behaviour. Based on the precedent studies, this paper aims to review the gaps among socio-psychological factors in determining the public environmental behaviour among Malaysian. Theories and concepts of environmentalism that are related to environmental behaviours are discussed and reviewed. The paper concludes by introducing importance of socio-psychological factors that are plausible to explain the causes of human environmental behaviour for the use of policy and decision making.
Environment, Development and Sustainability, Jan 25, 2013
The weekly No Plastic Bag Campaign Day comprises of an added charge of MYR 0.20 (USD 0.06) per pl... more The weekly No Plastic Bag Campaign Day comprises of an added charge of MYR 0.20 (USD 0.06) per plastic bag in supermarkets and grocery stores. The objective is to reduce plastic bag consumption and save the environment. However, the campaign has provoked a range of reactions from the public including consumers, policy makers, environmentalists and the plastic industry. Considering consumers as the major consequence, this paper evaluates the impact of the campaign on consumer awareness, knowledge, attitude and behavior and discusses and explores the various implications of the policy. The study gathers a questionnaire survey from 262 households in the State of Johor and employs a semi-structured interview with the relevant stakeholders. A descriptive statistical analysis as well as T test and correlations analysis has been performed using the Statistical Software for Social Science. The T test analysis explains the complex relationship between attitude and behavior. Consumers are more supportive of the plastic bag ban in the supermarkets but not its extension to other types of public markets. The study records the consumers' behavior-changing process in the three types of anti-consumer behavior, listed as (1) fully anti-consumption (67 %), (2) partial anti-consumption (33 %) and (3) no anti-consumption this last group comprising of those who resent and dissatisfy of the No Plastic Bag Campaign. The first type of fully anti-consumption behavior reveals the potential of reusable shopping bag practice to be implemented coupled with the educational Bring Your Own Shopping Bag campaign. The plastic bag levy in Malaysia can be seen as part of the government effort to create a sustainable consumption society; however, it needs a support from the regulatory or legislative framework that will provide clear guidelines and mechanisms for consumers, the retailers, supermarkets and the plastic industry. The implications of plastic bag usage for garbage bin liners as part of the basic
Environment and Ecology Research, Jun 1, 2018
Environmental pollution is a complex and rapidly evolving challenge faced by urban environments. ... more Environmental pollution is a complex and rapidly evolving challenge faced by urban environments. University campuses are susceptible to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions arising from energy use, particularly due to vehicular movement, solid waste generation and disposal, and electricity generation. The impact of GHG emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO 2) on climate change, mainly global warming, which has emerged a contemporary concern. The recent increase in the number of proposals for regulatory legislations on emission control indicates the need for a clear methodology to address GHG emissions, as well as their environmental impacts. This paper deals with CO 2 emission arising from energy used and solid waste within the campus of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru. The objective of this study is only the environmental aspect, related to carbon emission from energy used in the study area under review. This emission sources on UTM campus include, transportation, electricity and waste generation. This work reviews the application of compliance plans and approaches for the monitoring and control of environmentally sustainable parameters and categories. The performance of each model which reflects the sustainability achievement goals was determined. Constraints to the practice of sustainability concepts are identified and measures to improve sustainability levels are suggested. It is concluded that by following the standard set by Universitas Indonesia (UI) ranking, sustainability coupled with, enabling environment will be enhanced for universities' dwellers.
International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, Sep 4, 2017
Purpose The paper aims to explore and analyse the potential of campus living learning laboratory ... more Purpose The paper aims to explore and analyse the potential of campus living learning laboratory (LLL) as an integrated mechanism to provide the innovative and creative teaching and learning experiences, robust research output and strengthening the campus sustainability initiatives by using the sustainability science approach. Design/methodology/approach The challenge to adopt sustainability science as an interdisciplinary approach juxtaposed against the structure, teaching and learning of single disciplinary approach in institution of higher education (IHE). The LLL approach can be one of the options on how the integrative teaching and learning, combination fundamental and applied research and campus operations should conduct to strengthen the implementation of campus sustainability. Findings The review of application of LLL from several campus sustainability and combining with the experiences in conducting the UTM Campus sustainability results the strategic operational mechanism of the integration process. Research limitations/implications The LLL approach which applies the sustainability science approach did not cover the challenges and issue related to the inter-, inter- and trans-disciplinary during the campus LLL application. Further study needs to be conducted to strengthen the fundamental approach to developing campus LLL as one approach to operationalizing the Sustainable Development agenda in IHE. Practical implications The experiences and findings produces from this study help other campus sustainability to articulate the benefits of campus LLL initiatives, anticipate implementation challenges in teaching and learning, research output and the operation. The problem-solving nature of sustainability science provides a platform for implementing campus sustainability initiatives which allow inter-, inter- and trans-disciplinary approach for a more synergize effort of a real case study and project based approach. Social implications Furthermore, the implementation of LLL challenges the researcher/academia to provide prompt response as part of societal learning process in strengthening applied-based research as well as to contribute to the fundamental research. Successful LLL approach require both top-down commitments from the top management of the university and bottom-up drive from interested faculty, core research themes, operations and students. Originality/value The integrative framework and operational mechanism to operate LLL in campus sustainability which resulted from the analysis taken from several universities that implement campus sustainability is the origin values of significant contribution from this study.
Having sustainable development goals, SDGs as a wide spectrum of the normative and integrative fr... more Having sustainable development goals, SDGs as a wide spectrum of the normative and integrative framework which voluntarily adopted by the Nation requires active actor involvement to interpret the goals, targets, indicators into action. This is including the higher education institution, HEI as a non-state actor, NSAs. HEI also has recognized as a key driver for SDGs through the Higher Education Sustainability Initiative (HESI). It is a partnership between United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, UNESCO, United Nations Environment, UN Global Compact's Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME) initiative, United Nations University (UNU), UN-HABITAT and UNCTAD, which was created in 2012 in the run-up to the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20). Through its strong association with the United Nations, HESI provides higher education institutions with a unique interface between higher education, science, and policymaking. Other HEI network on sustainability is SDSN, UIGreenMetric, green world university ranking, International Sustainable Campus Network (ISCN), South East Asia Sustainable Community Engagement Network (SEASCEN). The five dimensions of SDG; People, Planet, Peace, Prosperity & Partnership is the key drivers to mobilize the SDGs into action. The mechanism to mobilize SDGs in HEI refer to their role and functions as a teaching-learning institution, research development, campus operation sustainably and outreach community. Hence, the partnership or collaboration mode, Triple Helix, Quadruple Helix, and Quintuple Helix was referred. The initial mode of collaboration in the 1990s, the Triple Helix innovation model focuses on the triangulation of university-industry-government relations. The University produces the output or product where the industry produces it for commercialization and the government regulates the market. Second, the Quadruple Helix innovation model where the fourth component, the citizen is taking part in the triple helix interaction. By considering the society, the output needs to be relevant in the context of society. Hence, culture (cultures) and innovation culture (innovation cultures); the knowledge of culture and the culture of knowledge; local knowledge, local value system, values and lifestyles; multiculturalism, multi-culture, and creativity; media; arts and arts universities are considered. Hence, there is a transition from a knowledge-based economy into a knowledge-based society. Finally, the consideration of the natural environment as the fifth knowledge sub-system or helices was considered in the quintuple helix of innovation. It is where the natural environment becomes a consideration. This is triggered by major global environmental challenges, such as climate change, loss of biodiversity, plastic pollution. This situation creates a push factor for the university involves in SDGs. The situation also affects the evolution of the University Mode of Knowledge transfer. From Mode 1 of knowledge as a "Laissez-faire mode" meaning that the education and knowledge are free, transform into Mode 2, where University focuses on knowledge application and a knowledge-based problem solving that involves the following principles: knowledge produced in the context of the application, transdisciplinary. Now, the Mode 3 knowledge production system, expanding and extending the Mode 1 and Mode 2 knowledge production systems are at the heart of the fractal research, education and innovation ecosystem academia together with community and private sector hand in hand in facilitate the state/ government to work on the goals allows more interactions between actors to accommodate sustainability transformation in society. Concurrently, University mission has changed from the First mission to produce skill graduate/labor, into Second mission for knowledge development science and research, and now enter the Third mission for co-creation for sustainability which allows interactions among actors in the Quadruple helix in the bigger context of natural subsystem or quintuple helix (Slide 5). Under the University Third mission, co-creation for sustainability, there are several kinds of research and social engagement paradigms to integrate sustainable development values in society. For example, Participatory and Action research (as a collaborative problem defining, fusion of researcher and subjects, empowerment of reflective social change), Technology Transfer (commercialization of research results, societal contribution through economic development), Transdisciplinary (joint problem solving of real-world problems with multiple actors from society and academia, practice-oriented approach), Cooperative Extension System (an outreach and technology transfer portal to drive local community and rural development), Service Learning (application of educational programs to extracurricular activities for tackling real-world problems), Urban Reform (targeted…
The Japanese education for sustainable development, ESD movement has sought to collectively chall... more The Japanese education for sustainable development, ESD movement has sought to collectively challenge conventional education in the context of education for sustainability. As a community-based activity led by citizens, the Okayama ESD project grows up to 260 establishments of community learning centers, CLCs or kominkans in implementing ESD in Okayama prefecture. The CLCs works closely with the school district and become the ESD hub for the school and some of kominkan become sources for the online lifelong learning center. In Okayama City, it is reported that more than ten percent of the population is involved in activities for making sustainable livelihood; where about 30,000 people are engaged in the sector of environmental protection, about 34,000 in the sector of promotion of gender equality, and about 7000 in the health promotion sector and many more. Concerning global environmental challenges, there are six thematic issues highlighted in the Okayama Commitments, namely: environmental conservation, disaster risk reduction (DRR), income generation, entrepreneurship, community development, cultural diversity and dialogue, intergenerational exchange, literacy, and empowerment. In April 2005, there was an agreement among experts and leaders, including researchers of universities in Okayama City to work together for the creation of a local base for the promotion of ESD. The Okayama ESD project governs by the Regional Centre of Expertise (RCE) Okayama and the Okayama Municipal Government. Further, the Okayama ESD Promotion Commission was established with the aim ‘‘to create a community where people learn, think and act together towards realizing a sustainable society’’ (Okayama ESD Promotion Commission 2014). The aim reflects the five elements of reorienting education for sustainability: knowledge, skills, perspectives, values, and issues. The Okayama Declaration on RCEs and ESD Beyond 2014, stated that RCEs are designed to achieve “systemic transformation by contributing to the realization of socially inclusive and equitable economies within the renewable capacity of the earth and planetary systems”. In 2016, the Okayama ESD Project received the UNESCO-Japan Prize on ESD and as a world leader in promoting ESD, it’s called the Okayama Model of ESD (ESD Success Story 2017). All of these interactions reflect the frontier of converging knowledge systems, network and sector of innovation driven by complex, non-linear and dynamic processes of knowledge creation, diffusion and use of the Okayama community. This active participation of citizens and multi-stakeholder involvement in Okayama prefecture inspire re-conceptualize, the ways, and means that knowledge production, utilization, and renewal take place in the context of the knowledge economy and society (gloCal knowledge economy and society). In the context of knowledge production and innovation, the Okayama model of ESD may challenges the conventional method of education system as a sole knowledge provider or mode 1 knowledge production (traditional research by universities) (Godin & Gingras, 2000) and also mode 2 knowledge production (knowledge that is generated when mode 1 knowledge is applied and put into practice) (Gibbons et al., 1994; Nowotny, Scott, & Gibbons, 2003). In another way, the Okayama ESD project reflects mode 3 of the knowledge production system (Carayannis & Campbell 2009) which lead by kominkans or community ESD as a democratization of knowledge related to a sustainable livelihood in the structured five knowledge sub-system. The five sub-systems interact in the Quintuple Helix model are i. the educational system, which generates and disseminates new knowledge; ii. the economic system, which controls, possesses and generates economic capital; iii. the political system, which has political and legal capital (e.g., laws, clearances, policy, public goods); iv. civil society, which has the social capital, and is characterized by traditions, values, and behavioral patterns; and v. the natural environment, which has natural capital (e.g., natural resources, climate, air quality, geological stability) (Carayannis, Barth, & Campbell, 2012). Several kominkan case study reflects the knowledge co-creation and dynamic interactions among sub-system. For example, the case study of Seno Kominkan in raising a community of Seno and Mishima districts as a new residential area was performed by sharing with them their local history, ‘water wells map’. The initiative by local residents explores historically the important water sources, how local people in the past took good care of water throughout their lives, thus deepening their knowledge of local resources. The case study of Saidaiji Kominkan operates by providing the volunteer training course ‘Udon School’ to help residents make friends and find motivation in life after retirement. Participants focus on learning how to make Udon noodles and soup and open ‘Udon Café’ in a popular shopping area which slowly…
Jurnal teknologi, Apr 22, 2014
The campus environment in a higher learning institution should be conducive to support the synerg... more The campus environment in a higher learning institution should be conducive to support the synergistic effects of its three basic functions namely: learning, social interactions and living. Campus conduciveness is rarely measured in the context of campus sustainability. This study will develop and establish Conducive Campus Environment (CCE) tools while measuring the level of conduciveness to improve the management of facilities, services, infrastructures and the physical environmental settings of the campus environment. It is implied in the context of campus sustainability initiatives at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor, to fulfil the three basic pillars of sustainability, hence environmental, social and economic. The standardized structured questionnaires distributed among 380 students focus on facilities, services and infrastructures in the campus setting. An inferential factor analysis has been applied and the four levels of conduciveness have been developed. At last, the study reveals the adoption of CCE ca be an example on how sustainable balance score card adopted in higher learning institution.
Frontiers in sustainability, Nov 15, 2022
Editorial on the Research Topic Education for sustainable development: How can changes in local p... more Editorial on the Research Topic Education for sustainable development: How can changes in local practices help address global challenges
The review of Negeri Sembilan State Structure Plan 2045 complies with the amendments or review of... more The review of Negeri Sembilan State Structure Plan 2045 complies with the amendments or review of the state’s five years’ development plan. This planning document presents the strategies, policies, and general proposals that cover the whole state. The review also considers changes in policies at the state level to align with the policies at the national level. The process of preparation of the State Structure Plan is in accordance with the manual of PLANMalaysia. The review of Negeri Sembilan State Structure Plan 2045 consists of 5 development thrusts, 34 policies, 98 strategies, and nine high impact projects
Advances in recycling & waste management, 2021
Recycling reduces the use of natural resources by reusing materials: 94% of the natural resources... more Recycling reduces the use of natural resources by reusing materials: 94% of the natural resources used by Americans are nonrenewable. Non-renewable, natural resource use has increased from 59% in 1900 and 88% in 1945. Recycling saves non-renewable resources. For example, by not recycling paper, 80% more wood will need to be harvested by 2010 to meet growing paper consumption demands. However, through active paper recycling, only 20% more wood will need to be harvested by 2010.
Dear Respected Readers, Assalamu'alaikum warahmatullah hiwabarokatuh-Peace be upon you! Sincere a... more Dear Respected Readers, Assalamu'alaikum warahmatullah hiwabarokatuh-Peace be upon you! Sincere appreciation for reading and reviewing the articles of KAED Design Ideals Journal. In succeeding from the previous issue, the new edition provides the intellectual stimuli in articles and research reports related to Malaysia with Islamic perspectives. It has become the team's commitment to continually produce a journal primarily devoted to design work as continuously created by KAED community. This issue covers nine excellent articles initiated by the faculty members and students of the Kulliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design specialising in the fields of architecture, urban planning, landscape architecture, quantity surveying, building technology and engineering, applied arts and design. In keeping to the fundamental aim of the Design Ideals Journal as a platform for the students, lecturers and practitioners of design to extend their practical trust to the public, the Design Ideal Journal bids opening for researchers, research students and practitioners to share their views. Academics and students can indulge in the value of its contents-theoretical or empirical research findings. As usual, we welcome both research reports and theoretical papers, short practice notes, design reviews and abstracts from portfolios and design theses on any aspects of the built environment for design discourse. This year we aim to publish two more issues to meet our expectation of a six-monthly publication, InsyaAllah. Apart from the regular edition, we hope to also produce a Special Issue to the readership this year. Do keep giving us encouraging feedback and wishing all Happy reading.
International journal of built environment and sustainability, Apr 1, 2019
Mapping traffic noise pollution from an increasing number of vehicles facilitate better land use ... more Mapping traffic noise pollution from an increasing number of vehicles facilitate better land use planning in order to measures the environment sustainability performances of institution in higher education. The aim of this research is to analyse the relationship on the increasing number of the motorized vehicles recorded as noise pollution data for further geostatistical analysis. Hence, by using the interpolation techniques, Kriging and IWD, the comparison performed to particularly create the noise pollution map for Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM. With average noise of the collected sample, the performance of two methods; inverse distance weighting, IDW and Kriging evaluated based on the magnitude and distribution of errors where the cross-validation statistics with plots shows IDW better representation of reality for the means of Noise pollution levels measurement. then, other the noise map generated based on the maximum noise level recorded with the indicator Kriging Noise method. Further, these studies can be useful to conduct regular assessments to identify noise pollution level with multiple locations in the study area.
International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, Sep 1, 2013
Malaysia has partially banned the use of asbestos. The prohibition of asbestos building materials... more Malaysia has partially banned the use of asbestos. The prohibition of asbestos building materials in schools, clinics, and hospitals built by government started in 1999. Since 2005, prohibition has also been applied to all government buildings. However, asbestos construction materials such as roof and ceiling tiles are still sold in the market. There are no acts or regulations prohibiting the use of asbestos in private buildings in Malaysia. Asbestos was first used for industrial purposes in Malaysia in the 1960s and the first regulations related to asbestos have been around since the 1980s. Non-governmental organizations have been pushing the government to impose a total ban since the 1980s. Asbestos is still used in the manufacturing sector under the ''control use'' concept. The study found difficulties in established and validated medical record data on asbestos-related diseases. This paper reviews existing asbestos-related regulations and guidelines in Malaysia and discusses the urgency for a total ban in the use of asbestos in building materials in the country. In the meanwhile, stricter enforcement of occupational safety and health regulations related to the use and exposure of asbestos among workers in the manufacturing, construction, maintenance, and demolition sectors has been in place.
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Papers by Irina Safitri Zen
Six main sectors were identified from the Melaka Climate Resolution 2019, Melaka Climate Action Plan Stakeholder Workshop. The six are Public & Stakeholder Engagement, Climate Governance, Energy, Transport, Waste, Ecosystem & Biodiversity.
The development of detail GHG emission sources helps agencies to determine the major sources of carbon emissions, identify the strategies for mitigation and adaptation in order to reduce these emissions and
improve the overall resilience of the city.
MSCAP was developed as a guide for structured and continuous action to translate the Melaka State GHG Inventory Report. It was developed to strategize the Melaka contribution towards the Nation voluntary commitment on CO2 reduction by identifying emissions
from various sectors and activities in Melaka.
Community- and sector-wise GHG inventory reveals the characters of carbon emitters and helps in assigning the responsibility for further climate mitigation and adaptation action.
As of year 2030, Malaysia national target for carbon emission reduction is 45% and the Melaka State GHG emissions reductions target set up for 45 % or equivalent to 5,703 MT CO2e.
Per capita GHG emission for Melaka State was recorded 5.09 tCO2e in 2015 based on 872,900 population.
In line with the trends of energy demand, the major contributors to GHG emissions are industrial energy use with 1,590 MT CO2e (35.77 %), on-road transportation with 1,115 MT CO2e (25.09 %) and commercial / institutional buildings and facilities with 733 MT CO2e (16.49 %).
Climate resolution for Melaka State (2020 – 2030) is a result of the Melaka Climate Stakeholder
cited as :
Yosfiah, M.R.., Sundari, R & Zen, I.S. 2012. The Relevance of Environmental Management in Mining Practices. In 'Non-Structural Environmental Management' Ed by: WenWai,C., Mohammed, A.H. & Mohamad, M.T.S.H. (Chapter 5). Page : 61 - 78. UTM Pub.
Cited as:
Sundari, R., Yosfiah, M,R, and Zen, I,S. 2012. Application of Stepwise Linear Regression on Campus Wastewater Management System (Chapter 4). In 'Non-Structural Environmental Management'. Ed by. WengWai,C., Mohammed, A.H. & Mohammad, M.T,S.H. page : 41-57.
Cited as :
Azlan Abdul Rahman & Irina Safitri Zen. 2015. TOWARDS LOW CARBON CAMPUS: SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2013. Office of Deputy Vice -Chancellor (Development), UTM. ISBN 978-967-0194-43-1. 74pages.
Framework for Biosphere Reserve Management informed
by Sustainability Science” (2018). Serving a contribution towards
the evolving Technical Guidelines for Biosphere Reserves, the document seeks to facilitate the nomination Biosphere Reserves (BRs)
and their contribution towards sustainable economic and social development in the region through the application Sustainability Science principles. The document was developed by UNESCO Office Jakarta and
University of Tokyo (UTokyo), with support from Japanese Funds-in-Trust (JFIT) in response to a request by members of the Asia-Pacific Biosphere Reserve Network and with the objective facilitating improved
BR management in Asia and the Pacific. The document draws from
literature review of existing practices, site visits and a regional experts’ group meeting.
Keywords: marine resources, sustainability science, marine governance, multilevel marine governance, ecosystem-based management (EBM), marine protected area (MPA)