Sexually Transmitted Infection
| obere ụdị nke | ọrịa ọrịa  |
|---|---|
| ihe kpatara ya | mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị, Ọrịa, sexual risk behavior, absence |
| health specialty | infectious diseases |
| nyocha ahụike | histopathology, blood culture, pelvic examination |
| Ọgwụgwọ enwere ike | antibiotic, antiviral drug, ablation, local anti-infective agent, post-exposure prophylaxis |
| handled, mitigated, or managed by | safe sex, barrier contraception, screening, monogamy, sexual abstinence |
| ICPC 2 ID | A78 |
Ọrịa ndị a na-ebute site ná mmekọahụ (STIs), nke a na-akpọkwa ọrịa a na-ebute site ná mmekọahụ (STDs), bụ ọrịa a na-agbasakarị site na mmekọahụ, karịsịa mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị nke ikpu, mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị nke ike na nke ọnụ.[1][2]. [3][4] STIs akpata mgbaàmà na mbụ, [2] nke na-ebute ihe ize ndụ ka ukwuu nke ibufe ọrịa ahụ na ndị ọzọ. Mgbaàmà [2] ihe ịrịba ama nke STIs nwere ike ịgụnye nsị nke akụkụ ahụ nwanyị, nsị nke penis, ọnyá n'akụkụ ma ọ bụ gburugburu akụkụ ahụ nwanyị. STIs nwere ike ibute nwa tupu [5] ọ bụ n'oge ịmụ nwa, nke nwere ike ịkpata nsogbu ahụike. [2] Ụfọdụ ndị ọrịa STIs nwere ike ime kà nwaanyị hari ọtịta ime.
Enwere ike ibute ihe karịrị [2] dị iche iche bacteria, Nje virus, na parasites site na mmekọahụ. [2] nje gụnyere chlamydia, gonorrhea, na syphilis. [2] STIs gụnyere herpes, HIV / AIDS, na ogbu na nkwonkwo. [2] parasitic gụnyere trichomoniasis. [2] bụ ezie na ọ na-agbasa site na mmekọahụ, ụfọdụ STIs nwere ike ịgbasa site na mmetụ na-abụghị mmekọahụ na anụ ahụ na-enye onyinye, ọbara, inye ara, ma ọ bụ n'oge ịmụ nwa. [2] na-enwekarị nyocha STI n'ụzọ dị mfe na mba ndị mepere emepe, mana ha anaghị adịkarị na mba ndị na-emepe emepe.
Ụzọ kachasị irè iji gbochie STIs bụ ịghara inwe mmekọahụ. [6] ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa nwekwara ike belata ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa ụfọdụ gụnyere ịba ọcha n'anya B na ụdị ụfọdụ nke HPV. [6][2] Mmekọahụ dị nchebe, dị ka iji condoms, inwe ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke ndị mmekọ mmekọahụ, na ịnọ na mmekọrịta nke onye ọ bụla na onye nke ọzọ nwere mmekọahụ na-ebelata ihe ize ndụ nke STIs. [2]Ibi úgwù n'ime ụmụ nwoke toro eto nwere ike ịdị irè iji gbochie ụfọdụ ọrịa. [7]'oge ụlọ akwụkwọ, agụmakwụkwọ mmekọahụ zuru oke nwekwara ike ịba uru. [2] na-agwọ ọtụtụ STIs ma ọ bụ na-agbake; n'ime ọrịa ndị a na-ahụkarị, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, na trichomoniasis nwere ike ịgwọ, ebe herpes, hepatitis B, HIV / AIDS, na HPV nwere ike ịlụso ọrịa ọgụ mana a gaghị agwọ ha. [8] ụfọdụ ọgwụ nje na-etolite n'etiti ụfọdụ ihe ndị dị ndụ dịka gonorrhea.
N'afọ 2015, ihe dị ka ijeri mmadụ 1.1 nwere ọrịa STI na-abụghị HIV/AIDS.[9]' Ihe [2] ka nde mmadụ 500 butere ọrịa syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia ma ọ bụ trichomoniasis. [2] dịkarịa ala nde mmadụ 530 ọzọ nwere herpes genital, na nde ụmụ nwanyị 290 nwere human papillomavirus. STIs ndị ọzọ [10]-abụghị HIV kpatara ọnwụ 108,000 na 2015. [11] United States, e nwere nde mmadụ iri na itoolu bu ọrịa STIs n'afọ 2010. Ihe ndekọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke STIs [12] ma ọ dịkarịa ala na Ebers papyrus gburugburu 1550 BC na Agba Ochie. [2] na-enwekarị ihere na ihere metụtara STIs. [13] Okwu a na-ebute site ná mmekọahụ bụ ihe a na-ahọrọkarị karịa ọrịa a na-ebute site ná mmekọahụ ma ọ bụ ọrịa venereal, n'ihi na ọ gụnyere ndị na-enweghị ọrịa mgbaàmà.
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Sexually transmitted infections (en). womenshealth.gov (2017-02-22). Archived from the original on 22 May 2020. Retrieved on 2017-12-08.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) Fact sheet N°110. who.int (November 2013). Archived from the original on 25 November 2014. Retrieved on 30 November 2014."Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) Fact sheet N°110". who.int. November 2013. Archived from the original on 25 November 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
- ↑ Goering (2012). Mims' medical microbiology, 5th, Edinburgh: Saunders. ISBN 978-0-7234-3601-0. Retrieved on 31 July 2020.
- ↑ (2013) Medical microbiology, 7th, St. Louis, MO: Mosby. ISBN 978-0-323-08692-9.
- ↑ Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (en). HIV.gov (2017-05-15). Archived from the original on 9 December 2017. Retrieved on 2017-12-08.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 How You Can Prevent Sexually Transmitted Diseases. cdc.gov. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (31 May 2016). Archived from the original on 9 December 2014. Retrieved on 13 December 2017.Templeeti:CDC
- ↑ (2018) International technical guidance on sexuality education: An evidence-informed approach. Paris: UNESCO, 28. ISBN 978-92-3-100259-5. Retrieved on 31 July 2020.
- ↑ Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC) (August 2012). "Update to CDC's Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2010: oral cephalosporins no longer a recommended treatment for gonococcal infections". MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 61 (31): 590–4. PMID 22874837. Retrieved on 31 July 2020.
- ↑ (October 2016) "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet 388 (10053): 1545–1602. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMID 27733282.
- ↑ (October 2016) "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet 388 (10053): 1459–1544. DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMID 27733281.
- ↑ STD Trends in the United States: 2010 National Data for Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, and Syphilis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Archived from the original on 9 September 2012. Retrieved on 15 September 2012.
- ↑ Gross (2011). Sexually transmitted infections and sexually transmitted diseases. Heidelberg: Springer Verlag. ISBN 978-3-642-14663-3.
- ↑ (2003) Guidelines for the management of sexually transmitted infections. Geneva: World Health Organization. ISBN 978-92-4-154626-3.