Papers by clementina Adenipekun
Essential properties of Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) such as lightness, high transparency, hi... more Essential properties of Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) such as lightness, high transparency, high mechanical strength, good moisture barrier, high heat resistance, and relatively low cost make it a suitable material for the packaging of natural mineral and soft drink bottles. However, these have contributed significantly to household and municipal waste responsible for the growing environmental pollution that has become a threat to the planet. Low-cost, ecologically friendly treatments with the capacity to eradicate plastics, are being advocated for by scientists. This s, therefore, seeks to explore the potential capacity of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus pulmonarius in biodegrading PET plastic on two different substrates (Soil and rice straw). The substrates were contaminated with 5% and 10% plastic prior to inoculation with Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus pulmonarius separately and left to incubate for 2 months. Chemical changes in the plastic were monitored using FT-IR and...
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms
bioRxiv, 2021
Discarding Waste in open drainages, water bodies and unauthorized dumpsites is a common practice ... more Discarding Waste in open drainages, water bodies and unauthorized dumpsites is a common practice in Africa that is deleterious to the global ecosystem. Global warming, flooding and land encroachment are direct impact of these actions. Therefore, a proposed eco-friendly solution to efficient waste management in Africa is “Mushroom Farming”. The region between Latitude 6.43–7.95°N and Longitude 2.88–5.24°E (Nigeria) was the research focus. Mushroom samples were collected, identified, coded and geo-tagged in the field, while Laboratory analyses and mushroom cultivation was conducted in NIHORT and University of Ibadan. The result showed that postharvest waste (rice straw) was best for spawning (Ek1-8→23days, LA1-8→21days, OG1-8→20days, and OY1-8→22days), while agro-waste from Gliricidium sepium facilitated early pin head emergence (26days) and fruiting (28days). Also, agro-waste from Cedrela odorata facilitated early maturation (3days after fruiting), and those from Mangifera indica, G....
The ability of Pleurotus tuber-regium and indigenous microorganisms isolated from the contaminate... more The ability of Pleurotus tuber-regium and indigenous microorganisms isolated from the contaminated soil to remediate spent cutting fluids contaminated soil were investigated for 2months. The ability of these organisms to degrade the total petroleum hydrocarbon present in the cutting fluids, lignin content in the rice straw, their enzyme activity as well as their ability to accumulate heavy metals present in the contaminated soil were monitored. In each of the soil samples (unsterilized cutting fluids contaminated soil (US) and unsterilized cutting fluids contaminated soil inoculated with P. tuber-regium (USP)), significant increase (P≤ 0.05) in the nutrient content of the soil was observed; USP having higher nutrient content. The heavy metal contents of the two soil samples decreased showing that bioaccumulation of the heavy metals had occurred. The indigenous microbes alone in US accumulated heavy metals better than the indigenous microbes with P. tuber-regium in USP. The highest t...
The ability of Pleurotus tuber-regium and indigenous microorganisms isolated from the contaminate... more The ability of Pleurotus tuber-regium and indigenous microorganisms isolated from the contaminated soil to remediate spent cutting fluids contaminated soil were investigated for 2months. The ability of these organisms to degrade the total petroleum hydrocarbon present in the cutting fluids, lignin content in the rice straw, their enzyme activity as well as their ability to accumulate heavy metals present in the contaminated soil were monitored. In each of the soil samples (unsterilized cutting fluids contaminated soil (US) and unsterilized cutting fluids contaminated soil inoculated with P. tuber-regium (USP)), significant increase (P≤ 0.05) in the nutrient content of the soil was observed; USP having higher nutrient content. The heavy metal contents of the two soil samples decreased showing that bioaccumulation of the heavy metals had occurred. The indigenous microbes alone in US accumulated heavy metals better than the indigenous microbes with P. tuber-regium in USP. The highest t...
Bioremediation of wastelands and dumpsites in Africa is fast declining due to reduced mushroom po... more Bioremediation of wastelands and dumpsites in Africa is fast declining due to reduced mushroom populations. In the past, the forest of Africa was teaming with mushrooms, but nowadays; mushrooms are severely exploited, resulting in gradual drift to extinction. Mushrooms have the tendency to degrade recalcitrant wastes and absorb heavy metals (Bio-accumulation). Unless concerted efforts are made to rejuvenate or rescue the surviving mushroom population, Africa will one day be overshadowed by wastes. The mushroom diversity in Southwest, Nigeria was determined by both morphological and molecular markers, 14 primers (OPB-11, OPB-12, OPB-15, OPB-20, OPB-21, OPH-3, OPH-5, OPH-10, OPH-15, OPT-1, OPT-5, OPT-7, OPT-10 and OPT-19) produced polymorphism with the test samples under electrophoresis gel (PCR and RAPD). Using standard morphological markers, Auricularia auricula was found to be evenly distributed across 8 locations in Ekiti and Osun, 6 locations in Ogun, 5 locations in Oyo and 4 loc...
Journal of Advances in Microbiology, 2021
Studies were carried out to investigate the bioremediation potential of pig dung in a soil contam... more Studies were carried out to investigate the bioremediation potential of pig dung in a soil contaminated with spent engine oil. Soil samples were obtained from the Ofrima complex, University of Port Harcourt. The soil samples were contaminated with various concentrations (50 ml and 100 ml) of spent engine oil and allowed for 21 days for proper exposure, mimicking natural spill. This was followed by the addition of the pig dung. The experimental setup was labeled sample A (1 kg soil + 100 g pig dung + 50 ml spent engine oil) and sample B (1 kg soil + 100 g pig dung + 100 ml spent engine oil). The physicochemical parameters and the microbiological analysis were done using standard methods. The total petroleum hydrocarbon was analyzed using gas chromatographic methods. Analyses were carried out at 14 days intervals for 28 days. The physicochemical parameter results showed a reduction in pH values in the contaminated soil samples, ranging from 6.21 - 6.65 in sample A and 6.57 - 6.87 in s...
Objective: To investigate the effect of different concentrations of spent engine oil on the growt... more Objective: To investigate the effect of different concentrations of spent engine oil on the growth of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) plants. Methodology and results: 4.5 kg topsoil was mixed with 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 % (w/v) of spent engine oil (SEO). The control was not mixed with SEO (0%). The seeds were sown on these soils and monitored on alternative days. Parameters monitored were chlorophyll and relative water contents of the plants were analyzed after harvest. SEO contamination adversely affected growth and some physiological parameters, depending on concentration. The growth parameters were reduced by higher concentration of the oil. However, 0.2 and 0.4% SEO did not reduce these parameters. The highest relative water content (78.4%) was found in the control plants, followed by those treated with 0.2% spent oil (51.89%), the least being those treated with 0.6% spent oil (1.71%). Chlorophyll contents of okra plants were also reduced by the spent engine oil trea...
Studies were carried out to investigate the degrada-tion of agricultural wastes by Pleurotus tube... more Studies were carried out to investigate the degrada-tion of agricultural wastes by Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fries) Singer and Lentinus subnudus (Berk), both Nige-rian edible mushrooms and the digestibility of the de-graded wastes by ruminants using the sawdust of Man-sonia altissima, rice straw and cocoa husks as wastes. Pleurotus tuber-regium degraded rice straw better, having 45.4% dry matter degradability (DMD) and for L. sub-nudus 47.2% compared to 29.6% DMD and 30.6% DMD in cocoa husks. However, in sawdust of M. altissima 22.4% DMD and 26.0% DMD were recorded for the two mushrooms, respectively. Incubation of all the substrates for 180 days enhanced their degradation. At all the peri-ods of incubation, the lignin content in the substrates degraded by P. tuber-regium and L. subnudus was re-corded to be 6.97% and 8.45% in rice straw compared to 13.6% and 11.88% lignin in cocoa husks, respectively. However, the highest lignin content was recorded in saw-dust of M. altissima and up ...
Crude oil polluted soils of different concentrations (0%,1%,5%,10%,20%,30% and 40%) were inoculat... more Crude oil polluted soils of different concentrations (0%,1%,5%,10%,20%,30% and 40%) were inoculated and incubated with P.pulmonarius and P.ostreatus for 0,1 and 2 months to study and compare their effect in the bioremediation of crude oil and bioaccumulation of heavy metals from polluted soils. Nutrient contents of the soil were determined on monthly basis. Also, the heavy metals accumulation by the fungi from the polluted soil was monitored. Results showed that both white rot fungi were able to biodegrade and ameliorate the soils by increasing the nutrient contents as the concentration of the crude oil in the soils increases with increase in incubation period. Highest increase in concentration of these nutrient contents were obtained at 40% crude oil contaminated soils after 2 months incubation period. Organic matter was the highest nutrient content recorded followed by organic carbon, potassium, nitrogen, and phosphorus in decreasing order. P.pulmonarius had the highest nutrient c...
The ability of Pleurotus tuber-regium and indigenous microorganisms isolated from the contaminate... more The ability of Pleurotus tuber-regium and indigenous microorganisms isolated from the contaminated soil to remediate spent cutting fluids contaminated soil were investigated for 2months. The ability of these organisms to degrade the total petroleum hydrocarbon present in the cutting fluids, lignin content in the rice straw, their enzyme activity as well as their ability to accumulate heavy metals present in the contaminated soil were monitored. In each of the soil samples (unsterilized cutting fluids contaminated soil (US) and unsterilized cutting fluids contaminated soil inoculated with P. tuber-regium (USP)), significant increase (P≤ 0.05) in the nutrient content of the soil was observed; USP having higher nutrient content. The heavy metal contents of the two soil samples decreased showing that bioaccumulation of the heavy metals had occurred. The indigenous microbes alone in US accumulated heavy metals better than the indigenous microbes with P. tuber-regium in USP. The highest t...
World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2012
Lentinus squarrosulus Mont., a high temperature tolerant white rot fungus that is found across su... more Lentinus squarrosulus Mont., a high temperature tolerant white rot fungus that is found across sub-Saharan Africa and many parts of Asia, is attracting attention due to its rapid mycelia growth and potential for use in food and biodegradation. A solid state fermentation (SSF) experiment with L. squarrosulus (strain MBFBL 201) on cornstalks was conducted. The study evaluated lignocellulolytic enzymes activity, loss of organic matter (LOM), exopolysaccharide content, and the release of water soluble sugars from degraded substrate. The results showed that L. squarrosulus was able to degrade cornstalks significantly, with 58.8% LOM after 30 days of SSF. Maximum lignocellulolytic enzyme activities were obtained on day 6 of cultivation: laccase = 154.
Journal of Applied …, 2010
Objective: To investigate nutrition values of fruits of Lycoperscon esculentum Mill, Abelmoschus ... more Objective: To investigate nutrition values of fruits of Lycoperscon esculentum Mill, Abelmoschus esculentus L.Moench, L. Solanum macrocarpon Linn. and the seeds of Vigna unguiculata (Linn.)Walp. and Arachis hypogea Linn. Methodology and results: The fruits of L. esculentum, A. esculentus S. macrocarpon and seeds of V. unguiculata and A. hypogea were bought from a local market in Ibadan. The fruits and seeds were dried and analyzed for proximate, mineral and vitamin contents. L. esculentum fruits had the highest total soluble ethanol sugars (15.65g/100g dry matter) and 1.7% crude fibre content. However, the fruits of A. esculentus had the highest amount of starch (38.42g/100g dry matter), 2.0% protein while lipid content of 0.2% was recorded in both fruits of A. esculentus and L. esculentum. The highest moisture content of 18.0% was in fruits of S. macrocarpon. The highest glucose (0.03%), arabinose (0.14%), fructose (0.14%), raffinose (0.13%), sucrose (0.11%) and xylose (0. 05%) were in the fruits of A. esculentus. The highest mineral element levels were in fruits of A. esculentus: Ca 800mg/kg, K 912mg/kg, and Zn 296mg/kg dry matter. L. esculentum had 208mg/kg Mn and 76mg/kg Ca. The highest Na (1620), Fe (250) and P contents (1060) mg/kg dry matter were in fruits of S. macrocarpon. Highest vitamin A (425mg/100g) and vitamin B12 (0.6mg/100g) levels were in L. esculentum while the highest vitamin B6 levels (1.2mg/100g), vit. B2 (1.13mg/100g), vit. D (0.07mg/100g) and vit. K (1.0mg/100g) were in A. esculentum. The lowest values of vitamins A, D, and K were in fruits of S. macrocarpon. These results revealed that the fruits of A. esculentum are more nutritious than L. esculentum and S. macrocarpon. The proximate analysis of V.unguiculata and A. hypogeae seeds showed that the protein contents of the two seeds were similar. However, the lipids content was higher in A. hypogeae. Further analysis revealed that V.unguiculata was richer in crude fibre, starch and soluble sugars than A. hypogeae. Conclusion and application of findings: The results showed a wide variation in the nutritional values of the fruits and seeds. This indicates that fruits and seeds need to be combined with other foods to make a good diet. This study shows that these local plants are good as food for both man and animals.
Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 2012
One of the major environmental problems facing the world today is the contamination of soil, wate... more One of the major environmental problems facing the world today is the contamination of soil, water and air by toxic chemicals as a result of industrialization and extensive use of pesticides in agriculture. Incineration is currently the most effective and common remediation practice but is costly in terms of money and energy used. A rapid cost effective and ecologically responsible method of clean-up is "bioremediation" which utilizes microorganisms to degrade toxic pollutants in an efficient economical approach. Toxic chemicals are degraded to less harmful forms. Although, bioremediation by bacteria agents has received attention of workers, the role of fungi has been inadequately studied. The ability of fungi to transform a wide variety of hazardous chemicals has aroused interest in using them for bioremediation. Mushroom forming fungi (mostly basidiomycetes), are amongst nature's most powerful decomposers, secreting strong extra cellular enzymes due to their aggressive growth and biomass production. These enzymes include lignin peroxidases (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase, etc. Thus, carbon sources such as sawdust, straw and corn cob can be used to enhance degradation rates by these organisms at polluted sites. White rot fungi have been used for biotransformation of pesticides, degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons and lignocellulolytic wastes in the pulp and paper industry. Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Agaricus bisporus, Trametes versicolor and Pleurotus ostreatus amongst many mushrooms have been reported in the decontamination of polluted sites. In Nigeria, Lentinus squarrosulus, Pleurotus tuber-regium, P. ostreatus and P. pulmonarius have been employed in bioremediation of contaminated soils both in-situ and ex-situ. This paper highlights the use of fungal mycelia in bioremediation (myco-remediation) and studies on the uses of mushrooms for bioremediation.
The challenge of overcoming detrimental effects of soil contamination has attracted increasing at... more The challenge of overcoming detrimental effects of soil contamination has attracted increasing attention globally because of its carcinogenic, mutagenic and toxic effects on the ecosystem. Remediation is therefore required for such contaminated soil before its application for beneficial purposes such as crop cultivation. In this pilot study, Pleurotus ostreatus was employed to mycoremediate cutting fluids contaminated soil. Soil was contaminated with 10 %, 20 % and 30 % of spent and fresh cutting fluids and analysed in triplicates for some physiochemical properties before and after incubation with P. ostreatus for 2 months to assess its mycoremediating capability. The properties include organic carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, pH, heavy metals, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) contents. The general increment in the concentrations of organic carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen, phosphorus and slight reduction in hea...
Obesity Medicine, 2021
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS), characterized by hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension,... more Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS), characterized by hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and central obesity remains a global menace. Ganoderma lucidum possesses various beneficial bioactivities. This study, thus, evaluated the efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum ethanol extract (GLEE) against MetS complications in rats. Methodology Thirty male rats were randomized into six groups (n = 5): Control, MetS control, MetS + standard drugs, MetS + GLEE (26 mg/kg), MetS + GLEE (44 mg/kg), and MetS + GLEE (70 mg/kg). Bodyweight, blood sugar, and pressure were monitored. Animals were sacrificed following two weeks of GLEE treatment post-MetS induction. Blood, pancreas, heart, liver, and kidney were collected for biochemical and histopathological analyses. Plasma triacylglycerol (TAG), plasma and lipoproteins (HDL and LDL) cholesterol (CHOL) levels, and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) level, were estimated in the pancreas, hear...
international food research journal, 2015
Auricularia auricula (St. Aman’s) Berk was cultivated on Mansonia altissima sawdust with various ... more Auricularia auricula (St. Aman’s) Berk was cultivated on Mansonia altissima sawdust with various additives (Brewer’s grain (BG), Corn chaff (CC), Oil palm fibre (OPF), Sorghum bicolor chaff (SC) and Wheat bran (WB) at different percentages (0%, 5%, 10% and 20%). The study was carried out to determine the effect of additives on the performance of the fungus on the substrate; M. altissima sawdust. The treated and untreated substrates with additives at different percentages were analyzed for lignocelluloses composition, macro element, C-N ratio and proximate composition. The result of this study showed that A. auricula reduced the lignocelluloses composition of M. altissima sawdust. The lignin content reduced from 7.97% (control) to 1.59% in 20%SC treated substrate. The macro elements (Ca, Mg, K, Na) compositions were low in all the treated substrate additives combination. The least was recorded in Na (25.8 84.5ppm), Ca (2.04% in control and 0.50% in 20%SC). The proximate composition s...
African Journal of …, 2005
... Key words: bioremediation, crude oil, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon oil-polluted soil, Lentinus... more ... Key words: bioremediation, crude oil, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon oil-polluted soil, Lentinus subnudus. INTRODUCTION ... 20 g of clean rice straw were laid on the contaminated soil in each bottle, covered with aluminium foil and autoclaved at 15 lbs pressure for 15 min. ...
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2015
The potential of Pleurotus pulmonarius and Pleurotus ostreatus on the degradation of PAHs in spen... more The potential of Pleurotus pulmonarius and Pleurotus ostreatus on the degradation of PAHs in spent and fresh cutting fluids (SCF and FCF) contaminated soils was investigated. Different weights of soil samples were contaminated with varying composition (10, 20 or 30%) of spent and fresh cutting fluids separately then inoculated each sample with P . pulmonarius and P. ostreatus separately and incubated at 28 ± 2°C for two months. The samples were analyzed in triplicates for 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by gas chromatography after extracting with hexane and dichloromethane (3:1). The initial PAHs in the cutting fluids were mainly composed of 2 to 6 fused benzene rings. Significant reductions in PAHs concentrations for SCF and FCF were observed after two months of incubation. The percentage total PAHs remaining in FCF soil ranged from 71.7 to 73.6% when inoculated with P. pulmonarius and 0.93 to 31.0% when inoculated with P. ostreatus. Similarly, the percentage to...
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Papers by clementina Adenipekun